[Hive } ANWR Activated SUA SV SHINS, well! * Activated sludge systems are designed to maintain intimate contact between the wastewater, a large population of bacteria and oxygen * The microorganisms are “activated” for rapid uptake of new substrate, thus the term activated sludgeSelene Dig aniopey w Aenyated SIMIZE SVSLEM. Air Influent Effiuent wastoweger_| acne ay |_. asta Q GY Aeration Final io! eee clarifier SS Return activated sludge 4 Waste activated sludgeTRL UNTIL ONT ORE TN Aleniyatedh Silay Keipichitorhs DIMM NCOP EI Cet ties. * Powdered activated carbon (PAC) Process — PAC is added to aeration tank — PAC becomes enmeshed in the activated sludge floc + adsorbs recalcitrant organics from the wastewater that might otherwise pass untreated through a conventional activated sludge process + In some cases, these adsorbed organics are eventually biodegraded by bacteria growing on the activated carbon surfaces. * Biofilm ~ a biological slime layer ~ bacteria in biofilm degrade organics tm ~ biofilm will develop “ on almost anythingin [iat } Art Ly Pex Of 10st SYStcnts i el! wilt | t tle * Trickling filters * Rotating biological contactors * Fluidized bed reactors * Biofilters * Wetlands systems * Sequencing batch biofilm reactors (many of these can be aerobic or anaerobic) in [ae i] ANWR UN | i Mow Micron for Unelling hilica Wh wit i WHOL AEE Reeyele Final clarifer Final Influent effluent Peinssey Waste ‘aniinee Tricking sludge filteried) hpielips Miler \ ‘Cover No ffaces chanel yes of Wirickling Hilrers * Standard or low rate ~ single stage rock media units — loading rates of 1-4 m’ wastewater/n’ filter cross-sectional arca-day ~— large area requiredWye Of Mnielding Hilters * High rate ~ single stage or two-stage rock media units — loading rates of 10-40 m’ wastewater/m: filter cross-sectional arca-day ~ re-circulation ratio 1-3yes of, Ta Wifes * Super rate ~— synthetic plastic media units + modules or random packed * specific surface areas 2-5 times greater than rock * much lighter than rocks * can be stacked higher than rocks ~— loading rates of 40-200 m’ wastewater/m' filter cross-sectional area-day ~ plastic media depths of 5-10 mTpieal VEN eameateiaecer ete ul edckepPlasiie Maid. Schematic diagrams of modular and random packed media used in fixed-film treatment systems (Source: Bordacs and Young, 1998) } ANWR Kotating Biological Contactor. al wal i i * Consists of 2-4 m diameter disks, closely spaced on a rotating horizontal shaft * Disks are covered with biofilm that rotates in and out of the wastewater to repeatedly wet the biofilm with wastewater and aerate the biofilm * Shaft rotates at 1-2 rpmLow Diagram for KBGs Syabilization leonds ce Lagoons welll ell well! uk * commonly used to treat industrial wastes * inexpensive to construct and to operate * can handle a wide variety of wastes * usually an earthen basin * may or may not have a linerNn (i Art TDA of SN ileauia) Paes : Aerobic ponds ~ shallow ponds (less than | m deep) where dissolved oxygen, mainly due to the action of photosynthesis, is present throughout the depth of the pond. * Facultative ponds — | to 2.5 m deep, which have an aerobic upper layer due to photosynthesis or surface re- aeration, a facultative middle zone, and an anaerobic lower zone. n Ns (i ANE UN | i Wy g2s of Someta Pai (corr) wil wt Wilt iy is * Anaerobic lagoons ~ deep ponds that receive high organic loadings and which are anaerobic throughout their depth. + Aerated lagoons — ponds that are oxygenated through the use of surface aerators or diffused aeration systemsmi i WEE Side Management tiganihs ede iil wilt + Sludge is 90-99% *Dewatering is a water difficult and expensive * Biodegradable ee anm Slits organic content can “ter peeves = be reduced by use of sdrying beds aerobic or anaerobic scentrifugation treatment systems or slagooning *thermal processing by composting