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0 Here are some exchanges from an interview between an American journalist and Oi
t/1

a French film star. Can you complete them with the correct tenses? <D
Ct
1 'How do you start work on a film?' 'I the script and notes.' (read; make)
2 'I notes of our interview. I hope you don't mind.' 'No, that's OK.' (make)
3 'What languages ?' 'English, French and Spanish.' (you speak)
4 'I'm glad we this interview in English. My French isn't very good.' (do)
5 'Who that guitar?' 'My son, when he has time.' (play)
6 'Who the piano upstairs?' 'My sister. She's got a concert tomorrow.' (play)
7 'What ?' 'I think it's a piece by Mozart.' (sheplay)
8 '. anything else?' 'The violin. She's very musical.' (sheplay)
9 'Your daughter's very keen on sport, isn't she?' 'She tennis.' (play)
10 'Where is she now?' 'She tennis, as usual.' (play)
11 'What's that delicious smell?' 'My husband ' (cook)
12 'Is that usual?' 'Yes, normally I and my husband ' (shop; cook)
13 'What a lovely clock!' 'It , I'm afraid - it's been broken for years.' (not work)
14 'Could I use your phone?' 'I'm afraid it at the moment.' (not work)

Remember that some verbs are most often used in simple tenses, not progressive, even if we mean'just now'.
/ like this weather. (NOT I'm liking this weather.) What does he want? (NOT What is he wanting?)

Circle the correct verb forms.

1 I think / am thinking you're right.
2 What do you look / are you looking at?
3 Do you know / Are you knowing that woman's name?
4 I don't understand /am not understanding this letter.
5 Why do you drive / are you driving so fast?
6 What do you mean / are you meaning?
7 I hate / am hating this music.
8 Do you talk/Are you talking to me?
9 I don't remember / am not remembering Andrea's phone number.
10 It rains / is raining again.

0 DO IT YOURSELF Write a rule in your own language to explain the difference between the two
English present tenses. If you can work with other students who speak your language, compare
your rule with theirs.

0 Choose the correct form of the cartoon caption.

'I stand I am standing under your foot.'

NOTE: We don't use a present tense to say how long something has been going on (see page 56).
I've known her for years. (NOT I know her for years.)

m some answers, both contracted forms (for example I'm, don't) and full
PRESENT TENSES 15
Sorms (for example / am, do not) are possible. Normally both are correct.
 4 Present Continuous
1 Introduction
w
The Present Continuous means that
f we are in the middle of an action. X\

Mark? I’m at the station.

I’m waiting for the train.
Xu
Oh, I can hear it.
It’s coming now^-4 X.
=—\ XX \ X
X Xx \
SARAH’S TRAIN IS LATE, SO SHE IS
PHONING MARK.

2 Form
The Present Continuous is the present tense of be + an -ing form.
POSITIVE
I am looking OR I’m looking
You/we/they are looking OR You/we/they’re looking
He/she/it is looking OR He/she/it’s looking
NEGATIVE QUESTION
I’m not looking am I looking?
you/we/they aren’t looking o r you’re/we’re/they’re not looking are you/we/they looking?
he/she/it isn’t looking o r he’s/she’s/it’s not looking is he/she/it looking?

I’m getting the lunch ready. The train is coming, look.

We’re looking for a post office. Rachel isn’t wearing her new dress.
What are you doing? Who is Vicky dancing with?
For rules about the spelling of the -ing form see page 370.

3 Use
We use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the middle of an action.
I’m waiting for the train. (I’m at the station now.)
I’m getting the lunch ready. (I’m in the kitchen now.)
I’m waiting means that I am in the middle of a period of waiting. The wait is not yet over.
We can also use the Present Continuous when we are in the middle of something but not actually doing it
at the moment of speaking.
I must get back to the office. We’re working on a new project.
I’m quite busy these days. I’m doing a course at college.
We can use the Present Continuous when things are changing over a long period.
The number of cars on the road is increasing. The earth is slowly getting warmer.
For the future meaning of the Present Continuous see Unit 26.1.
I’m playing badminton with Matthew tomorrow.

> 6 Present Continuous or Simple? > 7 State verbs and action verbs

PAGE 8 • VERBS
 Practice
A Form (2)
Look at the pictures and say what people are doing.
Use these verbs: carry, paint, play, ride, take
Use these objects: a bicycle, a parcel, a photo, a picture, basketball

2 3 n

He S ridir^ A bicycle.
1 3
2 4

B Form (2)
Rachel is in the computer room at college. Complete her conversation with Andrew.
Put in a Present Continuous form of the verb.

Andrew: What (►) . ACA. you. dpirv] ? (you I do)

Rachel: (►) J. m wri/ttA^ (| / write) a letter to a friend. He’s a disc jockey. Vicky and I
(1) (try) to organize a disco.
Andrew: That sounds a lot of work. How (2) (you / find) time for your
studies?
Rachel: Well, as I said, Vicky (3) (help) me.
(4) (we I get) on all right. (5)
(we / not / spend) too much time on it. (6) (it / not / take) me
away from my studies, don’t worry about that. Oh, sorry, (7)
(you / wait) for this computer?
Andrew: Yes, but there’s no hurry.
Rachel: (8) (I / correct) the last bit of the letter. I’ve nearly finished.

c Use (3)
What can you say in these situations? Add a sentence with the Present Continuous.

A friend rings you up in the middle of Neighbours, your favourite soap opera.
Is it important?
1 A friend is at your flat and suggests going out, but you can see rain outside.
I don’t want to go out now. Look,
2 A friend rings you up at work.
Sorry, I can’t talk now
3 You want to get off the bus, but the man next to you is sitting on your coat.
Excuse me,
4 A friend wants to talk to you, but you have just started to write an important letter.
Can I talk to you later?
5 You have been ill, but you’re better now than you were.
I’m OK now

VERBS • PAGE 9
 Present Simple
Yes, I like this supermarket.
I think it’s very nice.
Yes, my husband thinks so, too.
We always shop here. We come
here every week. We live quite
near, so it doesn’t take
long to get here.
1 Use
We use the Present Simple for
► thoughts and feelings: I think so, I like it.
► states, things staying the same, facts and
things that are true for a long time:
We live quite near (see Unit 7).
► repeated actions: We come here every week.
and also
► in phrases like I promise, I agree, etc:
1 promise I’ll pay you back.
► in a negative question with why to make a
suggestion: Why don’t we go out?
For the future meaning of the Present Simple see
Units 26 and 27.
The new term starts next week.

2 Positive forms
I/you/we/they get
he/she/it gets

In the Present Simple we use the verb without an ending.

I get the lunch ready at one o’clock, usually. We always do our shopping at Greenway.
Most children like ice-cream. You know the answer.
But in the third person singular (after he, she, it, your friend, etc), the verb ends in -s or -es. For spelling
rules see page 370.
It gets busy at weekends. My husband thinks so, too.
Sarah catches the early train. She faxes messages all over the world.

3 Negatives and questions

NEGATIVE QUESTION
I/you/we/they do not get OR don’t get do I/we/you/they get?
he/she/it does not get OR doesn’t get does he/she/it get?

We use a form of do in negatives and questions (but see Unit 37). We use do and don’t except in the third
person singular, where we use does and doesn’t.
We don’t live far away. He doesn’t want to go shopping.
Do you live here? ~ Yes, I do. What does he want? ~ Money.
We do not add -s to the verb in negatives and questions.
NOT He doesn’t gets and n o t Does he gets?

> 6 Present Continuous or Present Simple? > 7 State verbs and action verbs

PAGE 10 • VERBS
 Practice
A Use(l)
Look at each underlined verb and say what kind of meaning it expresses. Is it a thought, a feeling,
a fact or a repeated action?
Matthew loves sport. A. .fe&lj. ..................
Sarah often works late at the office. A. rer>P.Ated. ACtiPA.
1 I hate quiz programmes.
2 We play table tennis every Thursday.
3 The computer belongs to Emma.
4 These plates cost £20 each.
5 I believe it’s the right thing to do.
6 I’m hungry. I want something to eat.
7 I usually go to work by bus.
8 It’s OK. I understand your problem.

B Forms (2-3)
Complete the sentences by putting in the verbs. Use the Present Simple. You have to decide if the
verb is positive or negative.
Claire is very sociable. She .kApwS (know) lots of people.
We’ve got plenty of chairs, thanks. We dpA/t . w a a I. (want) any more.
1 My friend is finding life in Paris a bit difficult. He (speak) French.
2 Most students live quite close to the college, so they (walk) there.
3 My sports kit is really muddy. This shirt...................... (need) a good wash.
4 I’ve got four cats and two dogs. I............................... (love) animals.
5 No breakfast for Mark, thanks. He.............................. (eat) breakfast.
6 What’s the matter? You (look) very happy.
7 Don’t try to ring the bell. It............................................ .... (work).
8 I hate telephone answering machines. I just............... (like) talking to them.
9 Matthew is good at badminton. He............................. (win) every game.
10 We always travel by bus. We (own) a car.

C Forms (2-3)
Complete the conversation. Put in the Present Simple forms.
Rita: (►) bo .you .like... (you I like) football, Tom?
Tom: (►) I..Ipve.. (I / love) it. I’m a United fan. (1) (I / go) to all
their games. Nick usually (2) (come) with me. And
(3) (we / travel) to away games, too. Why
(4) (you / not / come) to a match some time?
Rita: I’m afraid football (5).......... (not / make) sense to me — men
running after a ball. Why (6) (you / take) it so seriously?
Tom: It’s a wonderful game. (7)... ..................................... (I / love) it. United are my
whole life.
Rita: How much (8) (it / cost) to buy the tickets and pay for the
travel?
Tom: A lot. (9)............................... (I / not / know) exactly how much. But
(10) (that I not / matter) to me.
(11) (I I not I want) to do anything else.
(12) (that / annoy) you?
Rita: No, (13)............................... (it / not / annoy) me.
I just (14).............................. (find) it a bit sad.

VERBS • PAGE 1 I
 Chapter 2
Present and P a st;
Sim ple and Progressive

► Practice 1. The simple present and the present progressive. (Charts 2-1 and 2 - 2)
Complete the sentences. Write the simple present or the present progressive form of the verbs in
parentheses.
1. The sun (set) eete in the west every evening.
2 . Look! The sun (set) _________ behind the mountain now. How beautiful!
3. The football players ( practice) ______________________ on the field right now.
4. The football players (practice) on the field every afternoon.
5. I always (listen) ___________ to the radio wThen I’m in my car.
6. The traffic is bad today, but it isn’t bothering me. I (listen) to
my favorite morning talk show with Jack LaLoule, who is very funny.
7. Sam and Lara (talk) _____________________ on the phone every night.
8. Sam and Lara (talk) _________________________ on the phone right now, so I can’t call
Lara. Her line is busy.
9. I’ll call you back in a little while. We (eat) dinner right now.
10 . My grandparents usually (eat) _________ dinner early. They often go out to
their favorite restaurant for the early dinner special at 5:30.

► Practice 2. The simple present and the present progressive, (Charts 2-1 and 2-2)
Circle the correct verb.
1. Because of the force of gravity, objects (fall / are falling) down and not up.
2. It’s autumn! The leaves (fall / are falling), and winter will soon be here.
3. Coffee (grozus / is growing) in mountainous areas, not in deserts.
4. Oh, you (grozu / are growing) so fast, Johnny! Soon you’ll be taller than your dad.
5. Near the Arctic Circle, the sun (shines / is shining) for more than twenty’hours a day at the
beginning of the summer.
6. It’s a beautiful day! The sun (shines / is shining) and the birds (sing / are singing).
7. Maria is a professional singer. She (sings / is singing) in the opera every season.
8. Olga likes mysteries. She (reads / is reading) one mystery book every week.
9. Hello, Sarah? I (call / am calling) you from my car. I’m going to be a little late for lunch.

12