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Behav Neurosci. 1996 Jun;110(3):451-9. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.110.3.451.

Cognitive impairment in rats fed high-fat diets: a HHS Vulnerability Disclosure

specific effect of saturated fatty-acid intake

C E Greenwood 1 , G Winocur

Affiliations
PMID: 8888990 DOI: 10.1037//0735-7044.110.3.451

Abstract
One-month-old rats were fed 1 of 4 high-fat diets (20% fat) or chow (4.5% fat) for 3 months.
Dietary saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), or polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids varied
such that their independent effects on cognitive performance could be tested. Rats were tested on
a variable-interval delayed-alternation task. Impairment in both the ability to learn the basic
alternation rule and remembering trial-specific information over time was observed in rats fed the
experimental diets relative to those fed chow. The degree of impairment was highly associated with
the level of SFAs fed and independent of the MUFAs or PUFAs. Dietary fat altered brain
phosphatidylcholine fatty-acid profile, but the membrane changes did not correlate with cognitive
impairment. The results demonstrate that cognitive impairment is directly associated with SFA
intake but suggest that the mechanism is independent of bulk brain membrane compositional
changes.

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