TILMAN ARETZ’S BLOG [http://taretz.blogspot.

com]———Hanyu Pinyin 漢語拼音

Hanyu Pinyin 漢語拼音

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Names of the most important Romanization systems .............................................................. 1
The syllables in Mandarin Chinese ......................................................................................... 1
The Chinese tones at a glance................................................................................................. 2
Comparative tables ................................................................................................................. 2
Initials ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 2
Finals.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Comprehensive conversion tables ............................................................................................ 4
Table I: Hanyu Pinyin—Wade Giles—Tongyong Pinyin—MPS.................................................................................... 4
List of syllables with two versions in Wade Giles ............................................................................................................. 8
Table II: Wade Giles—Hanyu Pinyin—Tongyong Pinyin—MPS .................................................................................. 9
Mandarin Phonetic Symbols (MPS) ....................................................................................... 13
MPS—Hanyu Pinyin (overview)......................................................................................................................................... 13
MPS conversion table I: Hanyu Pinyin.............................................................................................................................. 13
MPS conversion table II: Tongyong Pinyin ...................................................................................................................... 17
MPS conversion table III: Wade Giles............................................................................................................................... 20
Origin of the MPS symbols................................................................................................................................................. 23

Names of the most important Romanization systems

English ................................... Chinese
Gwoyeu Romatzyh (GR) ......................... guoyu luomazi 國語羅馬字
Hanyu Pinyin ............................................. hanyu pinyin 漢語拼音
Mandarin Phonetic Symbols (MPS)....... zhuyin fuhao 注音符號
MPS II......................................................... huoyu ershi 國語二式
Tongyong Pinyin ....................................... tongyong pinyin 通用拼音
Wade Giles ................................................. weituoma zhailisi shi pinyin 威妥瑪翟理斯式拼音 / wei zhai pinyin 威翟拼音
Yale .............................................................. yelu pinyin 耶魯拼音

The syllables in Mandarin Chinese

There are 416 syllables in Mandarin Chinese, irrespective of the four tones. The following list shows the syllables in
alphabetical order in Hanyu Pinyin.

A—a, ai, an, ang, ao,

B—ba, bai, ban, bang, bao, bei, ben, beng, bi, bian, biao, bie, bin, bing, bo, bu,
C—ca, cai, can, cang, cao, ce, cen, ceng, cha, chai, chan, chang, chao, che, chen, cheng, chi, chong, chou, chu, chua,
chuai, chuan, chuang, chui, chun, chuo, ci, cong, cou, cu, cuan, cui, cun, cuo,
D—da, dai, dan, dang, dao, de, dei, den, deng, di, dia, dian, diao, die, ding, diu, dong, dou, du, duan, dui, dun, duo,
E—e, ê, ei, en, eng, er,
F—fa, fan, fang, fei, fen, feng, fo, fou, fu,
G—ga, gai, gan, gang, gao, ge, gei, gen, geng, gong, gou, gu, gua, guai, guan, guang, gui, gun, guo,
H—ha, hai, han, hang, hao, he, hei, hen, heng, hm, hng, hong, hou, hu, hua, huai, huan, huang, hui, hun, huo,
J—ji, jia, jian, jiang, jiao, jie, jin, jing, jiong, jiu, ju, juan, jue, jun,
K—ka, kai, kan, kang, kao, ke, kei, ken, keng, kong, kou, ku, kua, kuai, kuan, kuang, kui, kun, kuo,

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L—la, lai, lan, lang, lao, le, lei, leng, li, lia, lian, liang, liao, lie, lin, ling, liu, lo, long, lou, lu, lü, luan, lüe, lun, luo,
M—m, ma, mai, man, mang, mao, me, mei, men, meng, mi, mian, miao, mie, min, ming, miu, mo, mou, mu,
N—n, na, nai, nan, nang, nao, ne, nei, nen, neng, ng, ni, nian, niang, niao, nie, nin, ning, niu, nong, nou, nu, nü, nuan,
nüe, nuo,
O—o, ou,
P—pa, pai, pan, pang, pao, pei, pen, peng, pi, pian, piao, pie, pin, ping, po, pou, pu,
Q—qi, qia, qian, qiang, qiao, qie, qin, qing, qiong, qiu, qu, quan, que, qun,
R—ran, rang, rao, re, ren, reng, ri, rong, rou, ru, ruan, rui, run, ruo,
S—sa, sai, san, sang, sao, se, sen, seng, sha, shai, shan, shang, shao, she, shei, shen, sheng, shi, shou, shu, shua, shuai,
shuan, shuang, shui, shun, shuo, si, song, sou, su, suan, sui, sun, suo,
T—ta, tai, tan, tang, tao, te, teng, ti, tian, tiao, tie, ting, tong, tou, tu, tuan, tui, tun, tuo,
W—wa, wai, wan, wang, wei, wen, weng, wo, wu,
X—xi, xia, xian, xiang, xiao, xie, xin, xing, xiong, xiu, xu, xuan, xue, xun,
Y—ya, yai, yan, yang, yao, ye, yi, yin, ying, yo, yong, you, yu, yuan, yue, yun,
Z—za, zai, zan, zang, zao, ze, zei, zen, zeng, zha, zhai, zhan, zhang, zhao, zhe, zhei, zhen, zheng, zhi, zhong, zhou,
zhu, zhua, zhuai, zhuan, zhuang, zhui, zhun, zhuo, zi, zong, zou, zu, zuan, zui, zun, zuo.

The Chinese tones at a glance

Most Romanization systems do not depict the four tones in Mandarin Chinese. The following table helps giving
people who can’t speak Chinese an understanding of the four tones’ concept. Their names—first tone: diyisheng 第一
聲 or yinping 陰平; second tone: di’ersheng 第二聲 or yangping 陽平; third tone: disansheng 第 聲 or shangsheng 聲;
fourth tone: disisheng 第四聲 or qusheng 去聲.

FIRST TONE SECOND TONE THIRD TONE FOURTH TONE

e. g. mā: 媽 e. g. má: 麻 e. g. mă: 馬 e. g. mà: 罵

(= mother) (= hemp) (= horse) (= to scold)

Comparative tables
INITIALS
Hanyu Pinyin Wade Giles
b p
c ts’
ch ch’
d t
f f
g k
h h
j ch/ts
k k’
l l
Tongyong MPS GR
b b
c ts
ch ch
d d
f f
g g
h h
j j
k k
l l

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m m
n n
p p’
q ch’/ts’
r j
s s
sh sh
t t’
x hs
z tz
zh ch
m m
n n
p p
c ch
r r
s s
sh sh
t t
s sh
z tz
jh j

FINALS
Hanyu Pinyin Wade Giles Tongyong MPS GR -1/2/3/4 (tones)
a a a a/ar/aa/ah
ai ai ai ai/air/ae/ay
an an an an/arn/aan/ann
ang ang ang ang/arng/aang/anq
ao au ao au/aur/ao/aw
e e e e/er/ee/eh
e e e e/e/ee/eh
-ei -ei -ei -ei/-eir/-eei/-ey
en en en (e)n/(er)n/(ee)n/(e)nn
-eng -eng -eng (e)ng/(er)ng/(ee)ng/(e)nq
er erh er el/erl/eel/ell
-i -i -i i/yi/yii (-ii)/yih (-ih)
-ia -ia -ia ia/ya/yea (-ea)/yah (-iah)
-ian -ien -ian ian/yan/-ean/-iann
-iang -iang -iang iang/yang/-eang/-ianq
-iao -iao -iao iau/yau/yeau (-eau)/yaw (-iaw)
-ie -ieh -ie ie/ye/yee (-iee)/yeh (-ieh)
-in -in -in in/yn/-iin/-inn
-ing -ing -ing ing/yng/-iing/-inq
-iong -iung -yong iong/yong/-eong/-ionq
-iu -iu -iou iou/you/yeou (-eou)/yow (-iow)
ng ng ng 兀 ng
-o -o -o o/or/oo/oh
-ong -ung -ong ueng/weng/-oong/-onq
ou ou ou ou/our/oou/ow
-u -u -u u/wu/-uu/-uh
-u/-ü** -ü -yu iu/yu/-eh/-iuh
-ua -ua -ua ua/wa/-oa/-uah
-uai -uai -uai uai/wai/-oai/-uay
-uan -uan -uan uan/wan/-oan/-uann
-uan* -üan -uan iuan/yuan/-euan/-iuann
-uang -uang -uang uang/wang/-oang/-uanq
-ue/-üe** -üe -yue iue/yue/-eue/-iueh
-ui -uei -uei uei/wei/-oei/-uey
-un -un -un uen/wen/-oen/-uenn
-un* -ün -yun iun/yun/-eun/-iunn
-uo -o -uo uo/wo/-uoo/-uoh
w w w w/u

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wu u w/-u u/wu/-uu/-uh
y y y / y/i
yi yi yi/-i i/yi/-ii/-ih
yu yü yu iu/yu/-eh/-iuh

*This sound is equivalent to MPS’ / and applies only after the consonants j, q, x and y
**German umlaut appears only after l and n

Comprehensive conversion tables

TABLE I: HANYU PINYIN—WADE GILES—TONGYONG PINYIN—MPS
Hanyu Wade Tong- MPS Hanyu Wade Tong- MPS
Pinyin Giles yong Pinyin Giles yong
a ah a ai ai ai
an an an ang ang ang
ao ao ao ba pa ba
bai pai bai ban pan ban
bang pang bang bao pao bao
bei pei bei ben pen ben
beng peng beng bi pi bi
bian pien bian biao piao biao
bie pieh bie bin pin bin
bing ping bing bo po bo
bu pu bu ca ts’a ca
cai ts’ai cai can ts’an can
cang ts’ang cang cao ts’ao cao
ce ts’e ce cen ts’en cen
ceng ts’eng ceng cha ch’a cha
chai ch’ai chai chan ch’an chan
chang ch’ang chang chao ch’ao chao
che ch’e che chen ch’en chen
cheng ch’eng cheng chi ch’ih chih
chong ch’ung chong chou ch’ou chou
chuo ch’o chuo chu ch’u chu
chua ch’ua chua chuai ch’uai chuai
chuan ch’uan chuan chuang ch’uang chuang
chui ch’ui chuei chun ch’un chun
chuo ch’uo chuo ci tz’u cih
cong ts’ung cong cou ts’ou cou
cu ts’u cu cuan ts’uan cuan
cui ts’ui cuei cun ts’un cun
cuo ts’o cuo da ta da
dai tai dai dan tan dan
dang tang dang dao tao dao
de te de dei tei dei
den ten den deng teng deng
di ti di dia tia dia
dian tien dian diao tiao diao
die tieh die ding ting ding
diu tiu diou dong tung dong

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dou tou dou du tu du

duan tuan duan dui tui duei
dun tun dun duo tuo/to duo
e ê e ê eh e
ei ei ei en en en
eng eng eng er erh er
fa fa fa fan fan fan
fang fang fang fei fei fei
fen fen fen feng feng feng
fo fo fo fou fou fou
fu fu fu ga ka ga
gai kai gai gan kan gan
gang kang gang gao kao gao
ge ke/ko ge gei kei gei
gen ken gen geng keng geng
gong kung gong gou kou gou
gu ku gu gua kua gua
guai kuai guai guan kuan guan
guang kuang guang gui kuei guei
gun kun gun guo kuo guo
ha ha ha hai hai hai
han han han hang hang hang
hao hao hao he ho he
hei hei hei hen hen hen
heng heng heng hm hm hm
hng hng hng 兀 hong hung hong
hou hou hou hu hu hu
hua hua hua huai huai huai
huan huan huan huang huang huang
hui hui huei hun hun hun
huo huo huo ji chi/tsi ji
jia chia jia jian chien/tsien jian
jiang chiang/tsiang jiang jiao chiao/tsiao jiao
jie chieh/tsieh jie jin chin/tsin jin
jing ching/tsing jing jiong chiung jyong
jiu chiu/tsiu jiou ju chü/tsü jyu
juan chüan jyuan jue chüeh/tsüeh jyue
jun chün/tsün jyun ka k’a ka
kai k’ai kai kan k’an kan
kang k’ang kang kao k’ao kao
ke k’e/k’o ke kei k’ei kei
ken k’en ken keng k’eng keng
kong k’ung kong kou k’ou kou
ku k’u ku kua k’ua kua
kuai k’uai kuai kuan k’uan kuan
kuang k’uang kuang kui k’uei kuei
kun k’un kun kuo k’uo kuo
la la la lai lai lai
lan lan lan lang lang lang
lao lao lao le le le
lei lei lei leng leng leng
li li li lia lia lia
lian lien lian liang liang liang

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liao liao liao lie lieh lie

lin lin lin ling ling ling
liu liu liou lo loh lo
long lung long lou lou lou
lu lu lu lü lü lyu
luan luan luan lüe lüeh lyue
lun lun lun luo lo luo
m m m ma ma ma
mai mai mai man man man
mang mang mang mao mao mao
me me me mei mei mei
men men men meng meng meng
mi mi mi mian mien mian
miao miao miao mie mieh mie
min min min ming ming ming
miu miou miou mo mo mo
mou mou mou mu mu mu
n n n na na na
nai nai nai nan nan nan
nang nang nang nao nao nao
ne ne ne nei nei nei
nen nen nen neng neng neng
ng ng ng 兀 ni ni ni
nian nien nian niang niang niang
niao niao niao nie nieh nie
nin nin nin ning ning ning
niu niu niou nong nung nong
nou nou nou nu nu nu
nü nü nyu nuan nuan nuan
nüe nüeh nyue nuo no nuo
o o o ou ou ou
pa p’a pa pai p’ai pai
pan p’an pan pang p’ang pang
pao p’ao pao pei p’ei pei
pen p’en pen peng p’eng peng
pi p’i pi pian p’ien pian
piao p’iao piao pie p’ieh pie
pin p’in pin ping p’ing ping
po p’o po pou p’ou pou
pu p’u pu qi ch’i/ts’i ci
qia ch’ia cia qian ch’ien/ts’ien cian
qiang ch’iang/ts’iang ciang qiao ch’iao ciao
qie ch’ieh/ts’ieh cie qin ch’in/ts’in cin
qing ch’ing/ts’ing cing qiong ch’iung cyong
qiu ch’iu/ts’iu ciou qu ch’ü/ts’ü cyu
quan ch’üan/ts’üan cyuan que ch’üeh cyue
qun ch’ün cyun ran jan ran
rang jang rang rao jao rao
re je re ren jen ren
reng jeng reng ri jih rih
rong jung rong rou jou rou
ru ju ru ruan juan ruan
rui jui ruei run jun run

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ruo jo ruo sa sa sa
sai sai sai san san san
sang sang sang sao sao sao
se se se sen sen sen
seng seng seng sha sha sha
shai shai shai shan shan shan
shang shang shang shao shao shao
she she she shei shei shei
shen shen shen sheng sheng sheng
shi shih shih shou shou shou
shu shu shu shua shua shua
shuai shuai shuai shuan shuan shuan
shuang shuang shuang shui shui shuei
shun shun shun shuo shuo shuo
si ssu/szu sih song sung song
sou sou sou su su su
suan suan suan sui sui suei
sun sun sun suo so suo
ta t’a ta tai t’ai tai
tan t’an tan tang t’ang tang
tao t’ao tao te t’e te
teng t’eng teng ti t’i ti
tian t’ien tian tiao t’iao tiao
tie t’ieh tie ting t’ing ting
tong t’ung tong tou t’ou tou
tu t’u tu tuan t’uan tuan
tui t’ui tuei tun t’un tun
tuo t’uo/t’o tuo wa wa wa
wai wai wai wan wan wan
wang wang wang wei wei wei
wen wen wen weng weng wong
wo wo wo wu wu wu
xi hsi si xia hsia sia
xian hsien sian xiang hsiang siang
xiao hsiao siao xie hsieh sie
xin hsin sin xing hsing sing
xiong hsiung syong xiu hsiu siou
xu hsü syu xuan hsüan syuan
xue hsüeh syue xun hsün syun
ya ya ya yai yai yai
yan yen yan yang yang yang
yao yao yao ye yeh ye
yi i yi yin yin yin
ying ying ying yo yo yo
yong yung yong you yu you
yu yü yu yuan yuan yuan
yue yüeh yue yun yün yun
za tsa za zai tsai zai
zan tsan zan zang tsang zang
zao tsao zao ze tse ze
zei tsei zei zen tsen zen
zeng tseng zeng zha cha jha
zhai chai jhai zhan chan jhan

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zhang chang jhang zhao chao jhao

zhe che jhe zhei chei jhei
zhen chen jhen zheng cheng jheng
zhi chih jhih zhong chung jhong
zhou chou jhou zhu chu jhu
zhua chua jhua zhuai chuai jhuai
zhuan chuan jhuan zhuang chuang jhuang
zhui chui jhuei zhun chun jhun
zhuo chuo/cho jhuo zi tzu zih
zong tsung zong zou tsou zou
zu tsu zu zuan tsuan zuan
zui tsui zuei zun tsun zun
zuo tso zuo

LIST OF SYLLABLES WITH TWO VERSIONS IN WADE GILES

Hanyu Pinyin Wade Giles Tongyong Pinyin MPS
duo ...............................................tuo / to ........................................... duo ......................................................
ge..................................................ke / ko ............................................ ge .........................................................
ji....................................................chi / tsi............................................ ji ...........................................................
jian ...............................................chien / tsien ................................... jian .......................................................
jiang .............................................chiang / tsiang ............................... jiang .....................................................
jiao ...............................................chiao / tsiao ................................... jiao .......................................................
jie ..................................................chieh / tsieh ................................... jie .........................................................
jin .................................................chin / tsin ....................................... jin.........................................................
jing ...............................................ching / tsing................................... jing.......................................................
jiu .................................................chiu / tsiu ....................................... jiou ......................................................
ju ..................................................chü / tsü ......................................... jyu ........................................................
jue.................................................chüeh / tsüeh................................. jyue ......................................................
jun ................................................chün / tsün .................................... jyun......................................................
ke ..................................................k’e / k’o .......................................... ke .........................................................
qi ..................................................ch’i / ts’i.......................................... ci ..........................................................
qian ..............................................ch’ien / ts’ien ................................. cian ......................................................
qiang ............................................ch’iang / ts’iang ............................. ciang ....................................................
qie.................................................ch’ieh / ts’ieh ................................. cie ........................................................
qin ................................................ch’in / ts’in..................................... cin ........................................................
qing ..............................................ch’ing / ts’ing................................. cing......................................................
qiu ................................................ch’iu / ts’iu ..................................... ciou......................................................
qu .................................................ch’ü / ts’ü ....................................... cyu .......................................................
quan .............................................ch’üan / ts’üan............................... cyuan ...................................................
si ...................................................ssu / szu ......................................... sih ........................................................
tuo ................................................t’uo / t’o ......................................... tuo .......................................................
zhuo .............................................chuo / cho ..................................... jhuo .....................................................

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TABLE II: WADE GILES—HANYU PINYIN—TONGYONG PINYIN—MPS

Wade Hanyu Tong- MPS Wade Hanyu Tong- MPS
Giles Pinyin yong Giles Pinyin yong
ah a a ai ai ai
an an an ang ang ang
ao ao ao cha zha jha
ch’a cha cha chai zhai jhai
ch’ai chai chai chan zhan jhan
ch’an chan chan chang zhang jhang
ch’ang chang chang chao zhao jhao
ch’ao chao chao che zhe jhe
ch’e che che chei zhei jhei
chen zhen jhen ch’en chen chen
cheng zheng jheng ch’eng cheng cheng
chi ji ji ch’i qi ci
chia jia jia ch’ia qia cia
chiang jiang jiang ch’iang qiang ciang
chiao jiao jiao ch’iao qiao ciao
chieh jie jie ch’ieh qie cie
chien jian jian ch’ien qian cian
chih zhi jhih ch’ih chi chih
chin jin jin ch’in qin cin
ching jing jing ch’ing qing cing
chiu jiu jiou ch’iu qiu ciou
chiung jiong jyong ch’iung qiong cyong
cho zhuo jhuo ch’o chuo chuo
chou zhou jhou ch’ou chou chou
chu zhu jhu ch’u chu chu
chü ju jyu ch’ü qu cyu
chua zhua jhua ch’ua chua chua
chuai zhuai jhuai ch’uai chuai chuai
chuan zhuan jhuan ch’uan chuan chuan
chüan juan jyuan ch’üan quan cyuan
chuang zhuang jhuang ch’uang chuang chuang
chüeh jue jyue ch’üeh que cyue
chui zhui jhuei ch’ui chui chuei
chun zhun jhun ch’un chun chun
chün jun jyun ch’ün qun cyun
chung zhong jhong ch’ung chong chong
chuo zhuo jhuo ch’uo chuo chuo
ê e e eh ê e
ei ei ei en en en
eng eng eng erh er er
fa fa fa fan fan fan
fang fang fang fei fei fei
fen fen fen feng feng feng
fo fo fo fou fou fou
fu fu fu ha ha ha
hai hai hai han han han
hang hang hang hao hao hao
hei hei hei hen hen hen

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heng heng heng hm hm hm

hng hng hng 兀 ho he he
hou hou hou hsi xi si
hsia xia sia hsiang xiang siang
hsiao xiao siao hsieh xie sie
hsien xian sian hsin xin sin
hsing xing sing hsiu xiu siou
hsiung xiong syong hsü xu syu
hsüan xuan syuan hsüeh xue syue
hsün xun syun hu hu hu
hua hua hua huai huai huai
huan huan huan huang huang huang
hui hui huei hun hun hun
hung hong hong huo huo huo
i yi yi jan ran ran
jang rang rang jao rao rao
je re re jen ren ren
jeng reng reng jih ri rih
jo ruo ruo jou rou rou
ju ru ru juan ruan ruan
jui rui ruei jun run run
jung rong rong ka ga ga
k’a ka ka kai gai gai
k’ai kai kai kan gan gan
k’an kan kan kang gang gang
k’ang kang kang kao gao gao
k’ao kao kao ke ge ge
k’e ke ke kei gei gei
k’ei kei kei ken gen gen
k’en ken ken keng geng geng
k’eng keng keng ko ge ge
k’o ke ke kou gou gou
k’ou kou kou ku gu gu
k’u ku ku kua gua gua
k’ua kua kua kuai guai guai
k’uai kuai kuai kuan guan guan
k’uan kuan kuan kuang guang guang
k’uang kuang kuang kuei gui guei
k’uei kui kuei kun gun gun
k’un kun kun kung gong gong
k’ung kong kong kuo guo guo
k’uo kuo kuo la la la
lai lai lai lan lan lan
lang lang lang lao lao lao
le le le lei lei lei
leng leng leng li li li
lia lia lia liang liang liang
liao liao liao lieh lie lie
lien lian lian lin lin lin
ling ling ling liu liu liou
lo luo luo loh lo lo
lou lou lou lu lu lu
lü lü lyu luan luan luan

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lüeh lüe lyue lun lun lun

lung long long m m m
ma ma ma mai mai mai
man man man mang mang mang
mao mao mao me me me
mei mei mei men men men
meng meng meng mi mi mi
miao miao miao mieh mie mie
mien mian mian min min min
ming ming ming miou miu miou
mo mo mo mou mou mou
mu mu mu n n n
na na na nai nai nai
nan nan nan nang nang nang
nao nao nao ne ne ne
nei nei nei nen nen nen
neng neng neng ng ng ng 兀
ni ni ni niang niang niang
niao niao niao nieh nie nie
nien nian nian nin nin nin
ning ning ning niu niu niou
no nuo nuo nou nou nou
nu nu nu nü nü nyu
nuan nuan nuan nüeh nüe nyue
nung nong nong o o o
ou ou ou pa ba ba
p’a pa pa pai bai bai
p’ai pai pai pan ban ban
p’an pan pan pang bang bang
p’ang pang pang pao bao bao
p’ao pao pao pei bei bei
p’ei pei pei pen ben ben
p’en pen pen peng beng beng
p’eng peng peng pi bi bi
p’i pi pi piao biao biao
p’iao piao piao pieh bie bie
p’ieh pie pie pien bian bian
p’ien pian pian pin bin bin
p’in pin pin ping bing bing
p’ing ping ping po bo bo
p’o po po p’ou pou pou
pu bu bu p’u pu pu
sa sa sa sai sai sai
san san san sang sang sang
sao sao sao se se se
sen sen sen seng seng seng
sha sha sha shai shai shai
shan shan shan shang shang shang
shao shao shao she she she
shei shei shei shen shen shen
sheng sheng sheng shih shi shih
shou shou shou shu shu shu
shua shua shua shuai shuai shuai

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shuan shuan shuan shuang shuang shuang

shui shui shuei shun shun shun
shuo shuo shuo so suo suo
sou sou sou ssu si sih
su su su suan suan suan
sui sui suei sun sun sun
sung song song szu si sih
ta da da t’a ta ta
tai dai dai t’ai tai tai
tan dan dan t’an tan tan
tang dang dang t’ang tang tang
tao dao dao t’ao tao tao
te de de t’e te te
tei dei dei ten den den
teng deng deng t’eng teng teng
ti di di t’i ti ti
tia dia dia tiao diao diao
t’iao tiao tiao tieh die die
t’ieh tie tie tien dian dian
t’ien tian tian ting ding ding
t’ing ting ting tiu diu diou
to duo duo t’o tuo tuo
tou dou dou t’ou tou tou
tsa za za ts’a ca ca
tsai zai zai ts’ai cai cai
tsan zan zan ts’an can can
tsang zang zang ts’ang cang cang
tsao zao zao ts’ao cao cao
tse ze ze ts’e ce ce
tsei zei zei tsen zen zen
ts’en cen cen tseng zeng zeng
ts’eng ceng ceng tsi ji ji
ts’i qi ci tsiang jiang jiang
ts’iang qiang ciang tsiao jiao jiao
tsieh jie jie ts’ieh qie cie
tsien jian jian ts’ien qian cian
tsin jin jin ts’in qin cin
tsing jing jing ts’ing qing cing
tsiu jiu jiou ts’iu qiu ciou
tso zuo zuo ts’o cuo cuo
tsou zou zou ts’ou cou cou
tsu zu zu ts’u cu cu
tsü ju jyu ts’ü qu cyu
tsuan zuan zuan ts’üan quan cyuan
ts’uan cuan cuan tsüeh jue jyue
tsui zui zuei ts’ui cui cuei
tsun zun zun ts’un cun cun
tsün jun jyun tsung zong zong
ts’ung cong cong tu du du
t’u tu tu tuan duan duan
t’uan tuan tuan tui dui duei
t’ui tui tuei tun dun dun
t’un tun tun tung dong dong

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t’ung tong tong tuo duo duo

t’uo tuo tuo tzu zi zih
tz’u ci cih wa wa wa
wai wai wai wan wan wan
wang wang wang wei wei wei
wen wen wen weng weng wong
wo wo wo wu wu wu
ya ya ya yai yai yai
yang yang yang yao yao yao
yeh ye ye yen yan yan
yin yin yin ying ying ying
yo yo yo yu you you
yü yu yu yuan yuan yuan
yüeh yue yue yün yun yun
yung yong yong

Mandarin Phonetic Symbols (MPS)

MPS—HANYU PINYIN (OVERVIEW)
—b —d —g —j —zh —z —yi/y-/-i- —a —ai —an —er
—p —t —k —q —ch —c —wu/w-/-u- —o —ei —en 兀—ng
—m —n —h —x —sh —s —yü/y-/-u-/-ü- —e —ao —ang
—f —l —r —e —ou —eng
Note: In Hanyu Pinyin, the “ü” for the ㄩ-sound appears only behind l- and n-, otherwise the spelling for that
sound is u.

MPS CONVERSION TABLE I: HANYU PINYIN

MPS Hanyu MPS Hanyu MPS Hanyu MPS Hanyu
Pinyin Pinyin Pinyin Pinyin
.............ba .......... bo ...........bai ...........bei
.............bao .......... ban ...........ben ...........bang
.............beng .......... bi .......bie ......biao
........bian ...... bin .......bing ...........bu

.............pa .......... po ...........pai ...........pei

.............pao .......... pou ...........pan ...........pen
.............pang .......... peng ...........pi ......pie
........piao ...... pian .......pin ......ping
.............pu

.............ma .......... mo ...........me ...........mai

.............mei .......... mao ...........mou ...........man
.............men .......... mang ...........meng ...........mi
........mie ...... miao .......miu ......mian
........min ...... ming ...........mu

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 TILMAN ARETZ’S BLOG [http://taretz.blogspot.com]———Hanyu Pinyin 漢語拼音

.............fa .......... fo ...........fei ...........fou

.............fan .......... fen ...........fang ...........feng
.............fu

.............da .......... de ...........dai ...........dei

.............dao .......... dou ...........dan ...........dang
.............deng .......... di .......die ......diao
........diu ...... dian .......ding ...........du
........duo ...... dui .......duan ......dun
........dong

.............ta .......... te ...........tai ...........tao

.............tou .......... tan ...........tang ...........teng
.............ti ...... tie .......tiao ......tian
........ting .......... tu .......tuo ......tui
........tuan ...... tun .......tong

.............na .......... ne ...........nai ...........nei

.............nao .......... nou ...........nan ...........nen
.............nang .......... neng ...........ni ......nie
........niao ...... niu .......nian ......nin
........niang ...... ning ...........nu ......nuo
........nuan ...... nong ...........nü ......nüe

.............la .......... le ...........lai ...........lei

.............lao .......... lou ...........lan ...........lang
.............leng .......... li .......lia ......lie
........liao ...... liu .......lian ......lin
........liang ...... ling ...........lu ......luo
........luan ...... lun .......long ...........lü
........lüe

.............ga .......... ge ...........gai ...........gei

.............gao .......... gou ...........gan ...........gen
.............gang .......... geng ...........gu ......gua
........guo ...... guai .......gui ......guan
........gun ...... guang .......gong

.............ka .......... ke ...........kai ...........kei

.............kao .......... kou ...........kan ...........ken
.............kang .......... keng ...........ku ......kua
........kuo ...... kuai .......kui ......kuan
........kun ...... kuang .......kong

兀 .................ng

.............hm .......... ha ...........he ...........hai

.............hei .......... hao ...........hou ...........han
.............hen .......... hang ...........heng ...........hu
........hua ...... huo .......huai ......hui
........huan ...... hun .......huang ......hong

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.............ji ...... jia .......jie ......jiao

........jiu ...... jian .......jin ......jiang
........jing .......... ju .......jue ......juan
........jun ...... jiong

.............qi ...... qia .......qie ......qiao

........qiu ...... qian .......qin ......qiang
........qing .......... qu .......que ......quan
........qun ...... qiong

.............xi ...... xia .......xie ......xiao

........xiu ...... xian .......xin ......xiang
........xing .......... xu .......xue ......xuan
........xun ...... xiong

.................zhi .......... zha ...........zhe ...........zhai

.............zhao .......... zhou ...........zhan ...........zhen
.............zhang .......... zheng ...........zhu ......zhua
........zhuo ...... zhuai .......zhui ......zhuan
........zhun ...... zhuang .......zhong

.................chi .......... cha ...........che ...........chai

.............chao .......... chou ...........chan ...........chen
.............chang .......... cheng ...........chu ......chua
........chuo ...... chuai .......chui ......chuan
........chun ...... chuang .......chong

.................shi .......... sha ...........she ...........shai

.............shei .......... shao ...........shou ...........shan
.............shen .......... shang ...........sheng ...........shu
........shua ...... shuo .......shuai ......shui
........shuan ...... shun .......shuang

.................ri .......... re ...........rao ...........rou

.............ran .......... ren ...........rang ...........reng
.............ru ...... ruo .......rui ......ruan
........run ...... rong

.................zi .......... za ...........ze ...........zai

.............zei .......... zao ...........zou ...........zan
.............zen .......... zang ...........zeng ...........zu
........zuo ...... zui .......zuan ......zun
........zong

.................ci .......... ca ...........ce ...........cai

.............cao .......... cou ...........can ...........cen
.............cang .......... ceng ...........cu ......cuo
........cui ...... cuan .......cun ......cong

.................si .......... sa ...........se ...........sai

.............sao .......... sou ...........san ...........sen
.............sang .......... seng ...........su ......suo
........sui ...... suan .......sun ......song

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.................a ............... o ................e ................ê

.................ai ............... ei ................ao ................ou

.................an ............... en ................ang ................eng

.................er

.................yi .......... ya ...........yo ...........ye

.............yai .......... yao ...........you ...........yan
.............yin .......... yang ...........ying

.................wu .......... wa ...........wo ...........wai

.............wei .......... wan ...........wen ...........wang
.............weng

.................yu .......... yue ...........yuan ...........yun

.............yong

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 TILMAN ARETZ’S BLOG [http://taretz.blogspot.com]———Hanyu Pinyin 漢語拼音

MPS CONVERSION TABLE II: TONGYONG PINYIN

MPS Tongyong MPS Tongyong MPS Tongyong MPS Tongyong
Pinyin Pinyin Pinyin Pinyin
.............ba .......... bo ...........bai ...........bei
.............bao .......... ban ...........ben ...........bang
.............beng .......... bi .......bie ......biao
........bian ...... bin .......bing ...........bu

.............pa .......... po ...........pai ...........pei

.............pao .......... pou ...........pan ...........pen
.............pang .......... peng ...........pi ......pie
........piao ...... pian .......pin ......ping
.............pu

.............ma .......... mo ...........me ...........mai

.............mei .......... mao ...........mou ...........man
.............men .......... mang ...........meng ...........mi
........mie ...... miao .......miou ......mian
........min ...... ming ...........mu

.............fa .......... fo ...........fei ...........fou

.............fan .......... fen ...........fang ...........feng
.............fu

.............da .......... de ...........dai ...........dei

.............dao .......... dou ...........dan ...........dang
.............deng .......... di .......die ......diao
........diou ...... dian .......ding ...........du
........duo ...... duei .......duan ......dun
........dong

.............ta .......... te ...........tai ...........tao

.............tou .......... tan ...........tang ...........teng
.............ti ...... tie .......tiao ......tian
........ting .......... tu .......tuo ......tuei
........tuan ...... tun .......tong

.............na .......... ne ...........nai ...........nei

.............nao .......... nou ...........nan ...........nen
.............nang .......... neng ...........ni ......nie
........niao ...... niou .......nian ......nin
........niang ...... ning ...........nu ......nuo
........nuan ...... nong ...........nyu ......nyue

.............la .......... le ...........lai ...........lei

.............lao .......... lou ...........lan ...........lang
.............leng .......... li .......lia ......lie
........liao ...... liou .......lian ......lin
........liang ...... ling ...........lu ......luo
........luan ...... lun .......long ...........lyu
........lyue

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.............ga .......... ge ...........gai ...........gei

.............gao .......... gou ...........gan ...........gen
.............gang .......... geng ...........gu ......gua
........guo ...... guai .......guei ......guan
........gun ...... guang .......gong

.............ka .......... ke ...........kai ...........kei

.............kao .......... kou ...........kan ...........ken
.............kang .......... keng ...........ku ......kua
........kuo ...... kuai .......kuei ......kuan
........kun ...... kuang .......kong

兀 .................ng

.............hm .......... ha ...........he ...........hai

.............hei .......... hao ...........hou ...........han
.............hen .......... hang ...........heng ...........hu
........hua ...... huo .......huai ......huei
........huan ...... hun .......huang ......hong

.............ji ...... jia .......jie ......jiao

........jiou ...... jian .......jin ......jiang
........jing .......... jyu .......jyue ......jyuan
........jyun ...... jyong

.............ci ...... cia .......cie ......ciao

........ciou ...... cian .......cin ......ciang
........cing .......... cyu .......cyue ......cyuan
........cyun ...... cyong

.............si ...... sia .......sie ......siao

........siou ...... sian .......sin ......siang
........sing .......... syu .......syue ......syuan
........syun ...... syong

.................jhih .......... jha ...........jhe ...........jhai

.............jhao .......... jhou ...........jhan ...........jhen
.............jhang .......... jheng ...........jhu ......jhua
........jhuo ...... jhuai .......jheui ......jhuan
........jhun ...... jhuang .......jhong

.................chih .......... cha ...........che ...........chai

.............chao .......... chou ...........chan ...........chen
.............chang .......... cheng ...........chu ......chua
........chuo ...... chuai .......chuei ......chuan
........chun ...... chuang .......chong

.................shih .......... sha ...........she ...........shai

.............shei .......... shao ...........shou ...........shan
.............shen .......... shang ...........sheng ...........shu
........shua ...... shuo .......shuai ......shuei
........shuan ...... shun .......shuang

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 TILMAN ARETZ’S BLOG [http://taretz.blogspot.com]———Hanyu Pinyin 漢語拼音

.................rih .......... re ...........rao ...........rou

.............ran .......... ren ...........rang ...........reng
.............ru ...... ruo .......ruei ......ruan
........run ...... rong

.................zih .......... za ...........ze ...........zai

.............zei .......... zao ...........zou ...........zan
.............zen .......... zang ...........zeng ...........zu
........zuo ...... zuei .......zuan ......zun
........zong

.................cih .......... ca ...........ce ...........cai

.............cao .......... cou ...........can ...........cen
.............cang .......... ceng ...........cu ......cuo
........cuei ...... cuan .......cun ......cong

.................sih .......... sa ...........se ...........sai

.............sao .......... sou ...........san ...........sen
.............sang .......... seng ...........su ......suo
........suei ...... suan .......sun ......song

.................a ............... o ................e ................ê

.................ai ............... ei ................ao ................ou

.................an ............... en ................ang ................eng

.................er

.................yi .......... ya ...........yo ...........ye

.............yai .......... yao ...........you ...........yan
.............yin .......... yang ...........ying

.................wu .......... wa ...........wo ...........wai

.............wei .......... wan ...........wen ...........wang
.............wong

.................yu .......... yue ...........yuan ...........yun

.............yong

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 TILMAN ARETZ’S BLOG [http://taretz.blogspot.com]———Hanyu Pinyin 漢語拼音

MPS CONVERSION TABLE III: WADE GILES

MPS Wade MPS Wade MPS Wade MPS Wade
Giles Giles Giles Giles
.............pa .......... po ...........pai ...........pei
.............pao .......... pan ...........pen ...........pang
.............peng .......... pi .......pieh ......piao
........pien ...... pin .......ping ...........pu

.............p’a .......... p’o ...........p’ai ...........p’ei

.............p’ao .......... p’ou ...........p’an ...........p’en
.............p’ang .......... p’eng ...........p’i ......p’ieh
........p’iao ...... p’ien .......p’in ......p’ing
.............p’u

.............ma .......... mo ...........me ...........mai

.............mei .......... mao ...........mou ...........man
.............men .......... mang ...........meng ...........mi
........mieh ...... miao .......miou ......mien
........min ...... ming ...........mu

.............fa .......... fo ...........fei ...........fou

.............fan .......... fen ...........fang ...........feng
.............fu

.............ta .......... te ...........tai ...........tei

.............tao .......... tou ...........tan ...........tang
.............teng .......... ti .......tieh ......tiao
........tiu ...... tien .......ting ...........tu
........tuo/to ...... tui .......tuan ......tun
........tung

.............t’a .......... t’e ...........t’ai ...........t’ao

.............t’ou .......... t’an ...........t’ang ...........t’eng
.............t’i ...... t’ieh .......t’iao ......t’ien
........t’ing .......... t’u .......t’uo/t’o ......t’ui
........t’uan ...... t’un .......t’ung

.............na .......... ne ...........nai ...........nei

.............nao .......... nou ...........nan ...........nen
.............nang .......... neng ...........ni ......nieh
........niao ...... niu .......nien ......nin
........niang ...... ning ...........nu ......no
........nuan ...... nung ...........nü ......nüeh

.............la .......... le ...........lai ...........lei

.............lao .......... lou ...........lan ...........lang
.............leng .......... li .......lia ......lieh
........liao ...... liu .......lien ......lin
........liang ...... ling ...........lu ......lo
........luan ...... lun .......lung ...........lü
........lüeh

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 TILMAN ARETZ’S BLOG [http://taretz.blogspot.com]———Hanyu Pinyin 漢語拼音

.............ka .......... ke/ko ...........kai ...........kei

.............kao .......... kou ...........kan ...........ken
.............kang .......... keng ...........ku ......kua
........kuo ...... kuai .......kui ......kuan
........kun ...... kuang .......kung

.............k’a .......... k’e/k’o ...........k’ai ...........k’ei

.............k’ao .......... k’ou ...........k’an ...........k’en
.............k’ang .......... k’eng ...........k’u ......k’ua
........k’uo ...... k’uai .......k’ui ......k’uan
........k’un ...... k’uang .......k’ung

兀 .................ng

.............hm .......... ha ...........ho ...........hai

.............hei .......... hao ...........hou ...........han
.............hen .......... hang ...........heng ...........hu
........hua ...... huo .......huai ......hui
........huan ...... hun .......huang ......hung

.............chi/tsi ...... chia .......chieh/tsieh ......chiao/tsiao

........chiu/tsiu ...... chien/tsien .......chin/tsin ......chiang/tsiang
........ching/tsing .......... chü/tsü .......chüeh/tsüeh ......chüan
........chün/tsün ...... chiung

.............ch’i/ts’i ...... ch’ia .......ch’ieh/ts’ieh ......ch’iao

........ch’iu/ts’iu ...... ch’ien/ts’ien .......ch’in/ts’in ......ch’iang/ts’iang
........ch’ing/ts’ing .......... ch’ü/ts’ ü .......ch’üeh ......ch’üan/ts’üan
........ch’ün ...... ch’iung

.............hsi ...... hsia .......hsieh ......hsiao

........hsiu ...... hsien .......hsin ......hsiang
........hsing .......... hsü .......hsüeh ......hsüan
........hsün ...... hsiung

.................chih .......... cha ...........che ...........chai

.............chao .......... chou ...........chan ...........chen
.............chang .......... cheng ...........chu ......chua
........chuo/cho ...... chuai .......chui ......chuan
........chun ...... chuang .......chung

.................ch’ih .......... ch’a ...........ch’e ...........ch’ai

.............ch’ao .......... ch’ou ...........ch’an ...........ch’en
.............ch’ang .......... ch’eng ...........ch’u ......ch’ua
........ch’uo ...... ch’uai .......ch’ui ......ch’uan
........ch’un ...... ch’uang .......ch’ung

.................shih .......... sha ...........she ...........shai

.............shei .......... shao ...........shou ...........shan
.............shen .......... shang ...........sheng ...........shu
........shua ...... shuo .......shuai ......shui
........shuan ...... shun .......shuang

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 TILMAN ARETZ’S BLOG [http://taretz.blogspot.com]———Hanyu Pinyin 漢語拼音

.................jih .......... je ...........jao ...........jou

.............jan .......... jen ...........jang ...........jeng
.............ju ...... jo .......jui ......juan
........jun ...... jung

.................tzu .......... tsa ...........tse ...........tsai

.............tsei .......... tsao ...........tsou ...........tsan
.............tsen .......... tsang ...........tseng ...........tsu
........tso ...... tsui .......tsuan ......tsun
........tsung

.................tz’u .......... ts’a ...........ts’e ...........ts’ai

.............ts’ao .......... ts’ou ...........ts’an ...........ts’en
.............ts’ang .......... ts’eng ...........ts’u ......ts’o
........ts’ui ...... ts’uan .......ts’un ......ts’ung

.................ssu/szu .......... sa ...........se ...........sai

.............sao .......... sou ...........san ...........sen
.............sang .......... seng ...........su ......so
........sui ...... suan .......sun ......sung

.................ah ............... o ................ê ................eh

.................ai ............... ei ................ao ................ou

.................an ............... en ................ang ................eng

.................erh

.................i .......... ya ...........yo ...........yeh

.............yai .......... yao ...........yu ...........yen
.............yin .......... yang ...........ying

.................wu .......... wa ...........wo ...........wai

.............wei .......... wan ...........wen ...........wang
.............weng

.................yü .......... yüeh ...........yuan ...........yün

.............yung

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 TILMAN ARETZ’S BLOG [http://taretz.blogspot.com]———Hanyu Pinyin 漢語拼音

ORIGIN OF THE MPS SYMBOLS

MPS Character MPS Character MPS Character MPS Character

—b 包 [bao] —d 刀 [dao] —g [guai] —j 糾 [ji]

—p 攴 [pu] —t 充 [chong] —k 考 [kao] —q [chuan]
—m 冂 [mi] —n 乃 [nai] —h 厂 [han] —x [xia]
—f 匚 [fang] —l 力 [li]

—zh 之 [zhi] —z 節 [jie] —yi/y-/-i- 一 [yi]

—ch 彳 [chi] —c 七 [qi] —wu/w-/-u- 五 [wu]
—sh 屍 [shi] —s 私 [si] —yü/y-/-u-/-ü- 凵 [qu]
—r 日 [ri]

—a 丫 [ya] —ai 亥 [hai] —an ㄢ [han] —er 兒 [er]

—o 呵 [he] —ei 乁 [yi] —en 乚 [yin]
—e ㄛ [o] —ao 幺 [yao] —ang 尢 [wang]
—e 也 [ye] —ou 又 [you] —eng 厷 [gong]

Please note that symbols for the sound “ng” like 兀 or 广 listed in older charts are rarely used today and do not
appear on keyboards for computers or cellphones.

[File last edited/updated on Fri, June 17, 2011]

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