3200 12209 1 PB

TELL-US Journal, Vol.
5, Issue 2, September 2019, P-ISSN: 2442-7608; E-ISSN: 2502-7468

STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat – Indonesia
CHOICE OF WORDS AT PENELOPE MOVIE

Melati Theresia1), Rani Autila2)
1
English Department, STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
2
English Department, STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
E-mail: 1bukittinggi511@gmail.com, 2rraniautila@yahoo.com
Submit: 31-01-2019 Review: 03-06-2019 Accepted: 02-10-2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22202/tus.2019.v5i2.3200
Abstract
The aim of this research is describing and explaining the choice of the words in politeness
of refusal at Penelope movie. Research problem in this research is to find and analyze the
choice of the words in politeness of refusal at Penelope movie. There are three steps that
are used in this research, they are collecting data, analyzing data and presenting the result
of analyzing. In the collecting data, data were collected by observational method. This
method was followed by non-participatory observational, recording and note taking
technique. After collecting data, data were analyzed by using identity and distributional
method. In addition, the results of data analysis were described by using formal and
informal method. There are several the choice of word in politeness of refusal that were
found in Penelope movie, such as sorry, please, thank, the modal of could, tag question,
and negative interrogative sentence.
Keywords: choice of word, politeness, pragmatic, refusal
INTRODUCTION
In communication, refusal is one of speech act. Refusal is from the hearer
who is rejection of speaker‟s suggestions, invitations, offers, or requests. Refusal
has potential to threaten the speaker‟s face, face threatening act (FTA). The
meaning of face is no denotative meaning, but the meaning of face is someone‟s
desire and hope in communication. There are two kind of face, they are positive
face and negative face. Brown and Levinson (in Kádár, 2017:2) said “Politeness
comes into existence with the other‟s face needs in mind: a speech act can
threaten the other‟s “negative face,” their wish to be left unimpeded, or “positive
face,” their wish to be appreciated; the speaker chooses politeness “strategies”
according to the other‟s perceived face needs”. The speaker and hearer are
required to respect the each other‟s face in communication. To avoid face
threatening act, politeness is needed.
The politeness is a cultural phenomenon. Every country has different
standard of politeness. Something that is considered polite by one culture, it might
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TELL-US Journal, Vol. 5, Issue 2, September 2019, P-ISSN: 2442-7608; E-ISSN: 2502-7468
be considered impolite by another culture. It happens because the politeness is

procedure, custom, or habits that apply in one society. Escandell-Vidal (in García
and Terkourafi 2014: 1) said “The close link between politeness and culture
has often been highlighted, with politeness sometimes defined as adequacy of
the speaker‟s behavior with respect to the expectations created by one culture
for that particular setting”. In communication, the hearer and speaker should
know each other‟s culture. It is done to avoid face threatening act and good
communication between them.
In refusal utterance, a face-threatening act (FTA) needs to be accompanied
by politeness markers, choice of word. Pranowo (2009: 104) said “formulates
indicators of word choice could be seen through the use of certain words, such as:
1. Using the word "please" to ask for help
2. Use of the phrase "thank you" to honor of the kindness of others
3. Using the word "sorry" for the speech that is estimated would offend
others
4. Using the word "acceptable" to ask the other people
5. Using the word "honorable" to refer to a third person who is more
respected
6. Using the word "Mr. / Ms." to refer to adult”.
By using the choice of word, it helps to avoid the FTA in communication.
The word of “sorry‟ is one of the word that is used in negative politeness and is
one of the apology‟s word. Brown& Levinson(1988: 129) said “Negative
politeness strategies concerned with avoiding confrontation or imposition, operate
by framing such requests as questions, and hedging them with mitigating devices
such as perhaps, possibly, please and sorry. Saying sorry is a valuable social
lubricant in English-speaking societies. Tronsborg (1995: 373) wrote, “an
apology is called for when social norms have been violated.... When a person
has performed an act (action or utterance), or failed to do so, which has
offended another person, and for which he/she can be held responsible, the
offender needs to apologize. The act of apologizing requires an action or an
utterance which is intended to „set things right.‟”
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Modal verb is another politeness marker. Modal verbs are implicit

morphological manifestations of modality. Modality is said to be expressed
through mood and it is to convey speaker‟s involvement in the propositional
content of a given utterance. Halliday (in Kazeem K. Olaniyan, Ph.D., Adeolu,
Adeniji, 2015: 44) said “modality is mainly located in the interpersonal
components of the grammar and choices in this component are independent of
grammatical choices in other components, for example, choices of transitivity in
the ideational component”. Hoffman (in Boicu, 2007:6) considers there are four
main modalities contained by logical, epistemic, deontic and capacity modals.
They are: should, could, may, can, may not, should not, could not and can not.
The research of the choice of words at Penelope movie has not been found.
This research has different with another. It is focus on the choice of the word that
is used in the politeness of refusal at Penelope movie. There is other research with
same source, and the themes have given contribution and inspiration in analyzing
this movie based on the choice of words. It was written by Theresia (2016). This
research discusses about some of the markers of politeness of refusal in Penelope
movie. The results of this research showed, there are three types of sentence in
politeness of refusal, they are declaration sentences, interrogative sentences, and
imperative sentences.
The politeness of refusal can be seen in everyday conversation and in
literature, movie. In this research, the researcher got the data in Penelope movie.
Penelope was born with a nose and ears like a pig. Her parents protect her from
the world. They do not want the people know about Penelope‟s condition. When
she wants to get marry, no men want to marry with her. She is frustrated. She
makes decision to go far away from her house.
METHODS
The qualitative approach is used this research. It is used to raise a
phenomenon of language that is used in a community of language naturally. The
data in this research were from utterances in Penelope movie. The utterance in
Penelope movie which contained the choice of word in refusal politeness were
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investigated qualitatively in order to identify different choice of word used by

each characters. The researcher got the utterance from movie and transcript
movie.
Observational method is used in collecting data. The technique collecting
data were used tapping technique and SBLC (non-participatory observational
method). Sudaryanto (in Theresia, 2016: 64) said “SBLC advanced techniques,
the researcher did not act as speakers who are dealing with the other hearer, but
the researcher is only as an observer listening to what is being said by the speaker
and hearer” the research used SBC, because the researcher did not participate in
appearing data. In analyzing the data, the research used identity and distributional
methods. The analysis is done by collecting the data which is the choice of words
in the politeness of refusal by giving utterance the code on the data.
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
In this research, the researcher observes the choice of word in politeness of

refusal in Penelope movie. The analysis will be guided by Pronowo‟s theory about
choice of word. Among those the choice of words are: help, thank you, sorry,
mind, and Mr./ Mrs. In this part, the researcher explains the application of these
markers in Penelope movie.
The Use of ‘Sorry’
The word „sorry‟ simply means to regret someone‟s choice or action

towards other being remorse. It can also mean that he/she "never meant to do it"
or "will never do it again". It also means that the person who is sorry really wants
another chance to do it right. The word „sorry‟ is the utterance of apology. An
apology is not only a potentially powerful act, but it can be a powerful tool when
used appropriately. The word „sorry‟ is also one of polite word, which uses in the
markers of politeness of refusal and could avoid the FTA. Below are some
examples of utterance which use sorry as their markers of politeness of refusal:
Speech event 1
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Jessica: So, can you cut it off?

Doctor: Strangest thing. But the carotid artery appears to run directly
through the nose, or snout, as the case may be, making any attempt
at removal unfeasible.
Jessica: But...
Doctor: I'm sorry. The snout stays.
Jessica: (Sobs) Oh, that's not true!
Speech event above is spoken by the doctor and his patient. It happens in
doctor‟s room. Jessica and Franklin have a good image. They were born into the
good life: old money, blue-blooded society sweethearts. They also have played
host to kings and queens and other powers that be, they were used to gracing the
pages of society columns. When Jessica was born a pig baby, they are panic. They
are afraid that their daughter gets curse. They also are shy that their baby has
snout and public know it. They wanted to throw away the Penelope‟s snout by
operation. So, they bring Penelope to hospital and cut the Penelope‟s snout. In
hospital, the doctor cannot cut the Penelope‟s snot, because the carotid artery
appears to run directly through the snout. This situation makes Jessica‟s feeling
more panicky.
The one of markers of politeness of refusal is used by the doctor, when the
doctor speaks with Penelope‟s parents, is using the word of „sorry‟. Pranowo
(2009) explains that using of the word of “sorry” is one indicator to show
someone uses the polite language to refuse the speaker‟s want. The word „sorry‟ is
used to abate the speaker loses his/her face. In this data, the doctor does not only
use the word „sorry‟, but he uses the sentence “I am sorry”. The sentence of “I am
sorry”; has a subject “I”, to be “am”, and the marker of politeness of refusal
“sorry”. The sentence means he really apologizes, because he can not do it and
help speaker. The sentence “I am sorry” shows the more politeness of refusal
utterance
The other utterance that uses the word of „sorry‟ is also found in the
following speech event:
Speech event 2
Lemon: Right, the camera is in the lapel, the rigging is in the sleeve. Put it
1on. To take her picture, you raise either arm.
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Johnny: (Camera clicks)

Lemon: Not now.
Johnny: (Laughs) Alright, I'm sorry, man.
Speech event above is spoken by the boss ad his worker. The boss name is
Lemon and the white color‟s name is Johnny. It happens in the street. Johnny
meets Lemon in Lemon‟s car in the street in front of Penelope‟s house. Lemon is
a reporter and Johnny‟s boss. He thinks that Johnny is Max Campion, and Johnny
want to be Max Campion, because lemon is offer some money to him. Lemon
orders Johnny to be spy. Johnny‟s job is spy on Penelope. He wants Johnny to get
a one of Penelope‟s photo. Next, he prepares Johnny with small camera in coat.
The small camera will be on when Johnny raises his hand. Johnny is not
intentional raises his hand and the small camera is on. What Johnny does, it makes
Lemon gets angry. So, Johnny apologizes to Lemon. Lemon is also asking about
Johnny hobby in casino.
The one of markers of politeness of refusal is used by Johnny, is the word
of „sorry‟. Johnny, who has low status from Lemon, is using the word „sorry‟ to
make apologize. The word „sorry‟ is one of polite word, which uses in the markers
of politeness of refusal. From Johnny answers, is “alright. I'm sorry, man”, it
could be seen that before the word „sorry‟, it has the word „alright‟. The word
„alright‟ has positive meaning, it means „ok‟. On the other hand, the word „alright‟
is followed by the word „sorry‟. It makes the meaning of Johnny answers is „ok, I
am not do it”, because the sentence “I am sorry” is form of explanation from the
word „alright‟. The answer of Johnny, it always uses by workers when they
speak to their superior. The workers should use the polite word when they are
disagreeing with their superior.
Speech event 3
Penelope: He'll run, too. They always run.Why can't you accept that?
For seven years, I've been watching them run. Do you have any
idea how that makes me feel? Do you?
Jessica: I'm sorry, but we just can't quit. .
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Penelope: We can, because no matter how much I wanna believe there's

one man who won't run away, one man who... who...
Speech event above is spoken by mother and her daughter. Mother‟s name is
Jessica and daughter‟s name is Penelope. It happens in the Penelope‟s house.
Penelope who has physical defect is difficult to find husband. This situation
makes Jessica, Penelope‟s mother, hired Wanda. Wanda is matchmaker to the rich
and famous. They just had to find a high-society, blue blood, to break the
Penelope‟s curse. For seven years, Penelope has been watching men run, after
they have seen Penelope. In one day, Penelope assembles all blue blood in annex,
because she will be easier to weed out the unlikeliest. As usual, all men run, after
they see Penelope. What Penelope does, makes Jessica is angry to her. This
situation makes, Jessica and Penelope wrangle. Penelope is sad, because nobody
like her physical. On the other hand, Jessica wants to break the Penelope‟s curse.
The one of markers of politeness of refusal is used by Jessica, is the word of
„sorry‟. Jessica who is Penelope‟s mother has close relationship with Penelope.
After Penelope is always refusing what Jessica planning, Jessica apologizes to
make Penelope‟s heart softening. The word „sorry‟ is used to say refusal
utterance. The word „sorry‟ is one of polite word, which uses in the markers of
politeness of refusal. The word „sorry‟ makes, wrangle between Penelope and
Jessica that abate. The word is also followed by the reason sentence.
Speech event 4
Johnny: God! He licked me.
Lemon: Edward.
Edward: What?
Lemon: Don't lick Max.
Edward: Sorry
Speech event above is spoken by two bosses and their worker. Johnny is
white color for Edward and Lemon. It takes place in Lemon‟s car, at the street in
front of Penelope‟s house. Lemon and Edward have Johnny to spy in Penelope‟s
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house. Johnny must get one photo of Penelope. They are waiting Johnny so long,
it makes they are boring. When Johnny comes, he says he did not meet with
Penelope and did not bring the Penelope‟s photo. It makes, Edward is
disappointed and angry. Edward is distrust Johnny, but Johnny does not like
Edward treat himself. This situation makes, Johnny and Edward wrangle. Next,
Edward licks Johnny‟s hand and Johnny is angry to Edward. Lemon asks Edward
to apologize to Johnny. Edward is refuse that does not lick Johnny again.
The one of markers of politeness of refusal is used by Edward, is the word

of „sorry‟. Edward and Johnny have difference status. Edward is blue blood and
also Johnny‟s boss whereas Johnny is low status and worker. Refusal can be seen,
when Edward refuses that does not lick Johnny again. Edward who has high
status than Johnny makes him only uses „sorry‟. The word of „sorry ‟that Edward
uses has a meaning: I am not lick you again, ok. Although Edward only uses the
word „sorry‟, it is still one of polite word, which uses in the markers of politeness
of refusal. It could avoid the FTA of Johnny.
The Use of ‘Please’
„Please‟ is a word that is much used in English. However, it cannot be

stuck anywhere in a sentence. In oxford dictionary (2009), „please‟ in adverb is
used as a polite addition to requests, commands, and refusal. When performing
refusal, someone could use the word „please‟ to avoid speaker‟s FTA. According
to Stubbs (1983: 72), the only function of please is to act as a marker of politeness
or mitigation. Below are some examples of utterance which use „please‟ as their
markers of politeness of refusal:
Speech event 5
Franklin: Why can't I have bacon?
Jessica: Because you love oatmeal. Doesn't Daddy love oatmeal? Yeah.
Franklin: No, I love bacon.
Jessica: No. Please, Franklin.
Speech event above is spoken by husband and wife. It takes place in
dining room. Franklin, Jessica and Penelope were dinner. Franklin likes very
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much the bacon menu in his breakfast. After Penelope was born, Franklin was
having trouble adjusting to the new dinner menu. Now, the dinner menu was
changing from bacon to oatmeal. Franklin‟s dinner menu is oatmeal, but he does
not like it. He complains to Jessica to change his menu. On the other hand, Jessica
is disagreeing with him. The Jessica‟s reason is she does not want to injure
Penelope‟s feeling.
The one of markers of politeness of refusal is used by Jessica, is the word
of „please‟. Franklin and Jessica have very close relationship, are husband and
wife. Although they have closed relationship, Jessica still needs the marker of
politeness of refusal to refuse her husband‟s request. The word „please‟ is one of
politeness marker to refuse Franklin‟s request. The speech act of refusal occur
when a speaker directly or indirectly says „no‟ to request or invitation. Refusal is a
face-threatening act to the listener/ requester/ inviter, because it contradicts his or
her expectations. To avoid the FTA, Jessica uses the word „please‟ to refuse her
husband‟s request. The modifier "please" has been regarded as one of the most
transparent politeness markers that serves to soften the imposition carried out by
the refuse being uttered (Sifianou, 1999). The main primary function of „please‟ is
that of a mitigating device used by refusal to sound polite.
The other utterance that uses the word of “please” is also found in the following
speech event:
Speech event 6
Reporters: (All shout) Mr. Vanderman! Did you attempt to file assault
charges against Penelope? (down ladder) I've obtained the
police report.
Mr. Vanderman: No comment, please, no comment.
Speech event above is spoken by the parliament and the reporter. Mr.
Vanderman is the parliament. It takes place In Mr. Vanderman‟s office. After the
Penelope‟s photo published in public, reporters distrust Vanderman‟s company
who wants to catch Penelope. Mr. Vanderman, as the head of Vanderman‟s
company, he does not want to give the answer. On the other hand, Edward is
tarnishing Penelope‟s image. What Edward does, makes Mr. Vanderman is angry.
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He does not want to public hate them. This company has commitment, that is:
they are a publicly traded company and they love what the public loves. Mr.
Vanderman wants Edward to know and understand this commitment. Edward who
is coward to his father, he can not protest to his father.
The one of markers of politeness of refusal is used by Mr. Vanderman, is
the word of „please‟. Mr. Vanderman and reporters are not close friends. The
relationship between them is only between tradesman and media. The gap
between them, makes Mr. Vanderman uses the politeness marker to refuse
reporter‟s question. Mr. Vanderman‟s answer is “No comment, please, no
comment”. The sentence “no comment” means “no” and is also refuse about
reporter‟s accused to his company and him. In many cultures, how one says "no"
is probably more important than the answer itself. Therefore, sending and
receiving a message of "no" is a task that needs special skill. This FTA leads to a
tendency on the part of the speakers to make use of certain strategies such as
polite expressions in order to avoid conflict. To avoid reporter‟s FTA, Mr.
Vanderman uses the word „please‟. The word „please‟ is one of polite word, which
uses in the markers of politeness of refusal.
The Use of ‘Thank’
The other of the marker of politeness of refusal is „thanks‟. This „thank

you‟ has various variations like: „thank you, thank you very much, no thank you,
or no thanks‟. The polite words like „please, thank you, and excuse me‟ make
other people feel appreciated and respected. People can show kindness and respect
for other people‟s feelings by speaking politely to them. Pranowo (2009: 104)
said by using this one word may respect someone‟ goodness. In Oxford dictionary
(2000), it is stated that „thank you‟ as exclamation is a polite expression used
when acknowledging a gift, service, or compliment, or accepting or refusing an
offer.
Speech event 7
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Johnny: Alright. Hey, how about you and me heading down to the
Cloverdilly pub right now?
Penelope: Pub Cloverdilly?
Johnny: Yeah, best beer, best blues, some of the best beer bums in town.
Penelope: Thanks. Maybe later.
Johnny: Penelope, come on.
Speech event above is spoken by two friends. They are Penelope and
Johnny. It takes place in Penelope‟s house. Johnny is in annex, but Penelope is in
her bedroom. They are communication with microphone. They are playing game
to guess what they can play the game. Penelope‟s job is finding his instrument,
and Johnny is playing music instrument, for example: bass, drum, saxophone and
guitar. After Johnny is tired, he is stop to play them. On the other hand, Penelope
is not done guessing it, and it is the time for them to play Penelope‟s hobby that is
chess. Johnny is playing the chess in the annex, but Penelope is playing in her
bedroom. When they are playing chess, Johnny is inviting Penelope to go to the
Clover dilly pub right now. Penelope is refusing the Johnny‟s invitation, because
her mother does not give permission to go out from house. It happens because
Jessica wants to avoid the public demanding that want to see the Penelope‟s face.
This situation makes, Jessica faked Penelope‟s death and makes Penelope is safely
hidden away from the outside world. Jessica also protected Penelope from her
friends. It makes Penelope did the most of her playing in her room. Where she
made her own friends, and learned to entertain herself. So Penelope never goes
out from her house and never has friends. This situation makes Penelope is refuse
Johnny‟s invitation.
The one of markers of politeness of refusal is used by Penelope, is the
word of „thank you‟. Pranowo (2009:104) said that the choice of the word can
show the politeness, such as „please, thank you, and I'm sorry‟. These words show
respect and consideration for the people around us. The choice of the word „thank
you‟ happens, because Penelope is woman. Holmes (2001: 157) says that in
woman‟s language, she uses more standard language and more polite language
than man. The reason is when women speak; her language is describing her social
class background. Women are expected to use language is better and more polite
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than men. Women are taught to behave and speak are better and polite in public.
Penelope is using the marker of politeness of refusal to avoid the FTA. Refusal is
a face-threatening act to the listener/ requester/ inviter. To avoid it needs the
strategies, such as using the markers of politeness of refusal. Penelope‟s answer to
refuse Johnny‟s invitation is “Thanks, maybe later”. The phase „maybe later‟
means „no‟. Before Penelope is refuse, she uses the marker of politeness of refusal
„thank you‟. The word „thank you‟ is one of polite word, which uses in the
markers of politeness of refusal.
The Use of Tag Question, Modal and Negative Interrogative Sentence
The tag question is a small question that is attached to the end of sentence.
Tag question is used as kind of oil to keep the conversation running smoothly.
Speech event 8
Sam: What brings you back here?
Johnny: Oh, you know, looking around. Actually, I thought it was maybe
time I started playing again.
Sam: Yeah? Well, good luck with that. Yeah.
Johnny: look, come on, Sam, I wouldn't ask if it wasn't...
Sam: You are joking, aren‟t you? After all your no-shows? I only look
stupid.
Speech event above is spoken by the boss and his worker. The boss‟ name is Sam
and the worker‟s name is Johnny. Johnny, who had only his time to get rid of
gambling, he converts finally. To change his life to be better, he should have a
job. It makes he goes to Sam café. He is asking a job to Sam. Sam is his former
boss in café. He waits Sam in café. Sam comes and opens the door of café. Both
of them enter to the café. I the café, he is asking a job for Sam. On the other hand,
Sam refuses him. Sam does not team up with him, because he does not want have
a worker who does not have the spirit of success. He also does not want have a
worker who will make his business bankrupt.
In this utterance, Johnny is asking Sam to be working with him again. On
the other hand, Sam is disagreeing with Johnny‟s request. Sam who is disagreeing
with Johnny uses the tag question. The meaning of it is he knows Johnny who will
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not work seriously. If Johnny does not work seriously, his business will be
bankrupt. The form of this tag question is the negative interrogative form of
auxiliary verb. Tag question using „be‟ as the main verb, or as the auxiliary verb,
agree intense as well as person. The function of tag question is a way of checking
the correctness of an assumption or statement, by asking the interlocutor for
agreement, or clarification.
The tag part can take two forms, they are: falling tone and rising tone. In
this utterance, it is falling tone. It shows that the Sam is almost completely sure
about Johnny. The form of its sentence is declarative sentence. It gives the
information to Johnny that Sam can not accept Johnny to be his worker. If Sam
only uses the declarative sentence it will threaten the face of Johnny. To avoid the
face threatening act of Johnny, Sam uses the tag question. The function of tag is
to make the refusal to be polite. Although Johnny never hurts his hurt and his
hope, he still uses the politeness utterance to refuse Johnny‟s request. The marker
of politeness of refusal is tag question in this utterance. It happens because the tag
question makes the Sam‟s utterance to be polite and it can not make the ace
threaten act to Johnny.
Speech event 9
Franklin: Poor Edward. I had no idea.
Jessica: No, not that. Hallucinations of a hideous pi... (whispers) Pig-
faced girl.
Franklin: Huh?
Jessica: You do know who they're talking about?
Franklin: Oh, I don't know. Could be any number of women in this
city?
The speech event above is spoken by husband and wife. It takes place in
Penelope‟s bed room. Edward who is running away from Penelope reports
Penelope to the police. In police office, the police is not believe to Edward,
because Wilhern family has a good name. The police imprison him. At morning,
Edward is in headline newspaper that is “Hallucinations of a hideous Pig-faced
girl. The news is also arrived in Jessica. Jessica is afraid that the headline news
tells about Penelope. The Penelope‟s news will be 25 years ago all over again,
when reporters popping out of drawers. The headline news makes Penelope will
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be exposed again. On the other hand, Franklin is disagreeing with Jessica‟s

thinking. He thinks may be other girl who likes a pig.
In this speech event, it has the politeness marker that is modal auxiliary
verb. It is „Could be any number of women in this city?‟ it means that he refuses
Jessica‟s opinion about the headline newspaper. He thinks the woman that tells in
the newspaper is not his daughter. Steve (2011) says the modal verbs are verbs
which help other verbs to express a meaning. The meaning of „could‟ is general
possibility in it. The modal could is more polite than the modal can. Although
both of them have intimacy relationship, Franklin chooses the polite marker to
show his disagreement. To save his wife‟s face, he chooses the marker of
politeness of refusal to refuse her. If his utterance likes „can be any number of
women in this city?‟, it will threaten the face of his wife.
Speech event 10
Franklin: Why can't I have bacon?
Jessica: Because you love oatmeal. Doesn't Daddy love oatmeal? Yeah.
Franklin: No, I love bacon.
Jessica: No. Please.
Speech event above is spoken by husband and wife. It takes place in

dining room. Franklin, Jessica and Penelope were dinner. Franklin likes very
much the bacon menu in his breakfast. After Penelope was born, Franklin was
having trouble adjusting to the new dinner menu. Now, the dinner menu was
changing from bacon to oatmeal. Franklin‟s dinner menu is oatmeal, but he does
not like it. He complains to Jessica to change his menu. On the other hand, Jessica
is disagreeing with him. The Jessica‟s reason is she does not want to injure
Penelope‟s feeling.
In this speech event, it has the politeness marker is negative interrogative
sentence. It is „Doesn't Daddy love oatmeal?‟. Interrogative sentence is a sentence
whose grammatical form indicates that it is a question. The negative interrogative
sentence is a form negative sentence. It is one of categorizes of politeness
utterance. It happens because she is asking the question that is indirectly. By using
indirect utterance, she saves the face of her husband.
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CONCLUSION
Refusal speech is speech that is used to refuse the speech of the speaker.
Refusal is one of Face-Threatening Act (FTA). One way to overcome this
problem is by doing refusal politely. This is what is called as politeness of refusal.
This research is aimed to explore the strategies of politeness of refusal, the makers
of politeness of refusal, and the factor of using the strategies of politeness of
refusal in Penelope movie. The result of research is similar to the theories of
experts. It happened because of lack of data. Therefore, this research still
strengthens the references that still exist.
Related to the markers of politeness of refusal that is used in Penelope
movie, the researcher found three markers applied. The markers of politeness of
refusal are: sorry, please, thank, modal could, tag question and negative
interrogative sentence. The presence of these markers gives significant influence
in making polite sense in Penelope movie
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TELL-US Journal, Vol.

5, Issue 2, September 2019, P-ISSN: 2442-7608; E-ISSN: 2502-7468

CHOICE OF WORDS AT PENELOPE MOVIE

Submit: 31-01-2019 Review: 03-06-2019 Accepted: 02-10-2019

Keywords: choice of word, politeness, pragmatic, refusal

be considered impolite by another culture. It happens because the politeness is

Modal verb is another politeness marker. Modal verbs are implicit

investigated qualitatively in order to identify different choice of word used by

FINDING AND DISCUSSION

In this research, the researcher observes the choice of word in politeness of

The Use of ‘Sorry’

The word „sorry‟ simply means to regret someone‟s choice or action

Jessica: So, can you cut it off?

Johnny: (Camera clicks)

Penelope: We can, because no matter how much I wanna believe there's

The one of markers of politeness of refusal is used by Edward, is the word

The Use of ‘Please’

„Please‟ is a word that is much used in English. However, it cannot be

The Use of ‘Thank’

The other of the marker of politeness of refusal is „thanks‟. This „thank

The Use of Tag Question, Modal and Negative Interrogative Sentence

be exposed again. On the other hand, Franklin is disagreeing with Jessica‟s

Speech event above is spoken by husband and wife. It takes place in

Boicu, R. (2007). Modal Verbs and Politeness Strategies in Political Discourse.

Brown, P. and, & Levinson, S. (1988). Politeness: Some Universals in Language

Kazeem K. Olaniyan, Ph.D., Adeolu, Adeniji, P. D. (2015). Modality in Statement

Theresia, M. (2016). The Markers of Politeness of Refusal in Penelope Movie.

Trosborg, A. (1995). Interlanguage pratmatics: Re-quests, complaints, and

apologies. New York: Walter de Gruyter.

Wardhaugh, R, An Introduction to Sociolinguistics (2nd ed.), USA: Blackwell.

Watt, Richard. J, 2003. Politeness. Key Topic in Sociolinguistic, Cambridge:

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