PENGETAHUAN penn TEKNIK ATA SURDIA MS. MetUNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 1987 PENGETAHUAN BAHAN TEKNIK 1) aanplaps cag sna dan aps ak megan enous oxen "ut nel Prof Ir. TATA SunOIA, MS. Mec. Guru Besar Institut Teknolog Bandung (Solan dengan pce par ia) hun datas dts ping Seat Re £000000000 | spun jt rp Prof, Dr Sauron Sao Guru Besar Emeritus, Institut Teknologi Tokyo ottor, Unverstas Teknologi Nagaoka Cetakan Keenam PT PRADNYA PARANITA JAKARTADAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR 1 BAGIAN I. KONSEP DASAR 1.1 Pengjian Tak Sine 7 102 Mater io et 1.2. Penglian Stet unk Teka; Begkok dan Puntir 20 a1 Pegs can sak 20 122 Pengjin beng, ats 21 125. Pension pute 2 1.2. Penguin Kelton daa Path Uet_— 23 Tat Tn latgeae 28 133 Kelaan pa 26 14 Keersan St 1S Mele (Creep) 33 V6 Ketan 35 162. Perambaten rach eh 37 aa Keun 3 TR Pengroh tingkungan pada Ketustan dan Fatahays Bakan 19, Ceeet Bahan dan Peguian Tak Merusk 2 Faklor Penguat Baba Industri 21, Pengoatan dengan Penghalusn Bair 45 22 Pengerasan Laratan Padat 46 23, Penguoan Presta das Diners «7 24 Sirutor yang Dipaual 48 3. Melanin Stip Dan Disokas {LI Disokasl dan Vektor Durger 49uw 2 Medan Tegangan Seki Dsokat 50 Bre! Dislast ST “oyuneso Gris Disolal dan Gay yang Bera pada Diotasi Pebpat Gandata Disokasl 52 4. Diagram Fase Sebagal Dasar Metalograf Diagram Fst Sistem Satu Komponen 53 ‘uta Fata Diagn Psa da Da Komponen $4 Porobahan Fata pada Peedagnan 36 Dison Pasa Dear dan Sistem Dus Komponen St Kesinbangan dan Dis él Face Metasabil Ketenbangin Metsstbl 62 Diagrom Psa Sistem Tia Komponen 63 BAGIAN Il, BAHAN-BAHAN LOGAM es Dan Baba Siuktu Miko Bet dan Baja 9 Baja Karbon Renda Beal Peat 73 NI Subar dan eamp tei la pests 13 13: Pema puta ne dng map ek tik 76 Bi alt ge Ba Pea a Keen Test 78 133 Nampa uh 77 13:3 Pegutan ema poms pages 18 134 Nampa bene buyer pons Fonsuuonon Bela Untuk Kebuton dan Kalan 82 [al Reta bala sea lt inn dn mampe bes 82 142 Balepnine wk Mtoe ease 123 Renee a1 1k Regan temper es sa Yang Menpunya Kekerasan Ting! Sebga Sift Uamanya 8 TSI Daj pee 8 12.‘ balan 89 3 Bitrate ae we TSS. Bl eet tna 93 ‘je Keduatan Sanat Tnaat 95 161 Bas marten 9S 3 Bajar sonea 98 1 Baja Taban Kart 101 TTT ang neon pion pda Hoban aa a esl 10 CPE Sekt bathe art OD 133, Penis jana tt 10 1.8 ‘Bala Tahun Pans an Podana Taam Pana yang Super 107 ata a fi 18 12am pas ste 2, Best Cor a ek Cor 113 I emehaa cor 3 Ba Stored ne it er ang semper tana ask nel 16 a2 ie S51 Penge vsu-aosar padan pa somaya 17 E22 Porhaae pan et coral 117 323 Pougeeurore ct 7 23 Bet Cor Maleate 24 Bes Cor Nodular 118 241 Pecan dar 17 — 25 BsiCorPadusn 120 ‘3. Tembaga Dan Padoannys 21 Tembage Marsh 121 Li Penge sign 2 2 Rena open 1 2G Tooter doa 1 aa Paduan Tembusa 128 S21 Kanna 126 323 Perms eee) 15 535 Poon temtngr an ist erat deapnpesipin 126 44. Aluminum Dan Padeanny 41 Doser Perakuan Panse Pada Alumisom 129 Peau prepay pean phan 129 Powikoe altar dae yang ie st resis 190 ‘215 Petts arte chaning de! spend 133 42 Abniaium Mors 13 42 Paduon Alicia 135 RE init daa mio 151.2. Bohan Logam dengan Tk Cie Tags 161 432 Patuan Alama 138 221 Wamp 16 2 Padme Romk ik 161 $23 Nowe pany tl S. Magnesium Dan Paduannya 4.3, Rabid Sittn dan Pevalas Comet 161 31 Padoa WO-Co a. Pepkembangan Magoium dan Padvannya | 143 432 Padoan WCOTC-Co dan pdian WC-TIC-THC-Co 164 2 Slut Magnan dan Podenaye 14 $33 Cama Tic tet S21 PaianMgamekcons 1 {3c Perks dengan than dasa Aeramik KOs on pduan S22 Baten Mesemuan most ice es $25 Pte tenon temper iach 16 4 Komponen Mesa ang Dinter 165 TT Kocpmen ei tera N68 2. Komponen nanan at 167 6. Logam Logan Lain Dan Poduannye i irae Tianium dan Panera 1 BAGIAN IIL. BAHAN POLIMER HY Riamemes 2 ee eee See Mn setae i Speen fe ay caren ie 2 ees, te Sethe Timbal dan Pastas 150 FE Kenseth 9 aces 2 eee 1. 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Penguesaas Sera dan Fil 271 Sun Seat an, 113 Fim aa Bahan Kompost’ 280 fat reemeen at Pastastan 382 BAGIAN IV, BAHAN KERAMIn FENDAHULUAN 207 1, Kina ste Dar Waban Kero stan Atom 289 1 Se an ae i's oe Wainign 9 Stake ete 38S E21" Maan iat mapa dan ato fonda 285 122 Kee wah do era ones eh 01 123 Campura ant pet2 Sifatsifat Bahan Keranalk 5.2 Komposisi Kimia 337 7 2A Sitavsifer Mekanik 305 S32 Ganesan at 2) ee 524 Gets teh dan garkeoterns 200 a « sen 322 apostasy 30 53.3 Sut meant nee on peenoneaaye 364 223 Peowlantermat 311 ‘ E24 Kontob teal 3 325 Tetra tra an banners 304 - 23. ‘Sift Listdon Magset 313 6 Fait ee 61 Pendabsivan 347 2 Stadia Pegeunasn 367 335 Pot andes 38 Aa Reman 3 24 Sitar camnya 321 Bar Stat oot 21 B42 Simkin 35 Retraktet 14. Pendinom renasonan) 3 433 Sinden Pegomesn 352 Kern Fath an iin ot nr openers 32 34 Peadahuan (aia) 327 33 Rompe! 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Gels 104 Keranik Bletoaik 363 51 Pendshulaan (Defi dan Kniss) 297 4042 esd 3610a toa 103 06 44 Ban fondatiee 36S 043 Jenstananemiondator 38 ‘eam Magnet 368 Bahan Refer Teeperatr Ting 370 Karbon dan Galt 37 Kersmik teak 301 os) has can par dn tla gal 0 1033, Bulan manpe mein 378 Periakar Penotomg 374 KATA PENGANTAR ‘Sern penton mania dapt bags me eh an, ot aman tts, are nia teva a tea ain non "ehndangan egos pope dsaman amano Tel data at ‘Soot berbbunen ea dengan Leipas manus ap tt ea Kelp saan rb eh nengunglapan ke mena pom gt Dengan ata ns rng meng apa pipet san sa en yd ‘ipl bap a epee yane Gp ep dan trys Ta ange ‘Shgaban eco sans na sat cu dapat eeanosan ngs ‘olsen tik, Zaman preg terhenbag seek manus sa rare ee ‘then cpu a Hl teins at ut ese ‘ates pl dept ej vane pant Gnge eegarngys aca Haren ‘Supe muratat san dua una ute Kn yg egg edt sprue lina agen tenbage aa, wean Sept nak tein, ‘nan peakara ang smperna chlo eat ei Sas Reletngeh ‘sn tea plats ten leas dpros Seng penaansontan kan ‘lei peningian pat days tense i dee pepe ‘aurea sana ae ier tt yng del oars pee “Tengah Giptutan wake yong sna ama anak mompls campen ata eterna pers lth ng sts ican Pala en cha da engglan, mana sah Sapa ae separ 90" fast ‘ahap tay al pongo Rens tana aaa ee nes pep ‘apt SOC pecan, Dalen jel waa yang ne! sgh, als ao ‘coli, fengeratr ats 200°C aah peat duty dansk dng aenongan you rest aya plas, tae byengan ba ai as ‘lan plan ib raj ets rh pl aa es fa a {ak ml ase aan pegeanganye ted ke 2 ear tg Sin he dr nein tu at cnn ‘a ote enplan a “Sehnjina, meng ah tempera Saga tah kematan eae igs ‘a lah atk mete juno ae gp pepe oes penbuatn ban Segan tartar ang a ing dco tal png ‘ea 90 aun eral, Stu cook, kas empresa ‘ing eet ans tas Morse an aha ane guar C operas, ‘hin dpasan ep ke tenpeata ue Unga een da ea Sat ‘her pegsalan dn sins eu mendndat dle anna fs eset an Sagi paral tea, Seng eng mei el ep SC el ‘tnt seunpilaspslaruan dan pellen ban srs cat dn an Sng ros peayenpotn, Untuk ross peonpn de pean pu pera "ag din sang Klerasana npg an arp Spe ake neBAGIAN I KONSEP DASARPENGUJIAN DAN EVALUASI BAHAN INDUSTRI ‘tact Bat a ert is) fa at teal pana en, pemunin, Koaavin, ‘i, att kina Gea timin,Hombua sere Setbanin re lh ‘Stats A urn, ma Joa saber i} tee (eam ‘oda dines penguin fsa hai Peaguan tak sta 1 Mic attan . 2) Mengastas ren wom pda pease 5) Ketan mma! ean ete merino tek ‘ng form pc fern, vain age ung aan mach sgn sas sn eas oe ado sn an en ‘it meter ena snarled tan bn sep en ‘nutans eng stander yng sn ona eh oan ‘ener sata dam penn, tec tres asm pega ake a aang of sanded nd apt Sa (6b. 1.1 mesnukan teainn apt bon gern Epa ag etna tat erat pada penton, Dah geen age mening ‘forma atin tn agian daca rc buns ata epg dan enopan pa bn ik ewan A ‘wk Apa ee Ps enampan ok eg omaeo pochunent on an iytan dat svn Nin, MPa tt ble. 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Maka eh Aiteabanean cre pengsan ok mena st ee, Panes Santa newt wok poh ef een Halga janine it any ct ang mentaharaban fnggesi, Disa RE REE.ES dintomponce time, engin ah ek abl a ve See anal pe ean aaah dl prune i ‘SSF uatey muti akan vl et aah os (Pegi pera CTEM. nik mest cca dngan pent 2 pa ch iy ehna Pare upon cn pero ipa ts a i ection bench sae OV denen pag elbane 30-90, (0) Pegsn dengan bubs meet EsmEahon van dapat imag, ly bin te dl rman fs not pd alsa eps lh nang aa a ta, ‘eh pStton jb age st Sour epehan enamatan lings nda (2) enol degen es Ey HORA Atenpotn data as yng it ara isk ela sia ik ra ay yn ose pss etry of bb a a A ‘SfeT teria infer porakantepnen eri le implant ian {i an eit at etn pl as ata ust menentan asian sang ak pee ioe sidan fsa pl se (0 Setelmprvnan sa X, sap dann i! ya ks eee encanto tak megs are Sefer cmon ene dn ye et te aaah aca pin tarps Sar ch omen an Hp (2) even aro Sere at swt mami an taan dn et en cn ae eath postnatal dapat eas aan cea. Unt ‘SEE tne pga tons equa real bom ee TROTART Eh tan conan ih fresa fo, aeons pengacin ino! ee ence csc San a 7 SESS vmces eoowteny pnan ene meneroan pegs ‘Seon osu ost pss bas (© Pease nun se Ebest sh sat push st eombang ar ania penton peonbeog kus Hal it naman poner she Eocrtatan a eee sh en a, Unt meth nr, neta ho na Senn Pe his ah ecg mene sath den eS istyan canene merci Sy fala Upuen er ne ‘ipa tender eh ns tea Kt epg dls foneFAKTOR PENGUAT BAHAN INDUSTRI Bai pea tan. mempunyal Kongens ya ng aaah ta case ug aa ap pene sn pt pd ap i, ap dan a Teg dan baa ar dapat hen nes el fg. Balan uta yng haya enero sana tad heb oa, Inenan akan ge De sanping mena ese! dan tiene ator iM totes, i been Pa yg ‘ih Vaan salah tao yeh am eka! aka ash ener tla, Penguaten dengan penghalasan bute Pads many tut ban indus dapat igtathan dengan emer ttre Hag aie op aan peas denn emp oe Stroker ena Ba Lesa log wan tae exp! abuse ‘em mena, ne wy a lh enna mle adh Konia eran ‘oy pads shuren bute, dn dah ater bu Seen Leann te, ‘oshih mult rd users GLa naka unumage petal bes urna, dn apts fal Lot ean dl eres oh Oo ‘Seta capa ane pena egg a tse oe ‘nd ja dapat dan estan ar Lal tel Ge bea ong ‘Seanjp tempera transl Haat Tyg wn pana bgt tan bs dante pet lan cage! eo Tenor oan may 9 as Coe ont aan pi tempt eco ia ecamans (40) Gt perth sara to! dan menpereaban ony oad psa.) cpt aps ies eps sans th ppeunmpen so, 137 mean sh ‘Dan pees at aah berate yane pena pas ‘eet ata eth end combaye san titre dara wean ean ince 10, le | Seapine °| Se 2.2 Pengerasanlrutan pdt ats ea gam mor ena ihe aoe tata ttl ncnperant ban, olan rh eta Senior teases aout nl ‘SIA tp ung en maaan bal nt ot ates nr ta, a Pl Sige" Bar mo et Sat ahr aaron nbbtan eden eng elas a 25 Pa i tn ed ° puiptgrengin nla ending dna aaa mati ‘zeta a, Peron st dnl etonslan lth ean pcenpes Penguatan presiiest din dapers Pola man on os tambien dang! etapa ‘init Ht pad! pn tempera nga peruano daca ee lr pene ps yc ta ‘eran See ch icbnehn lane nik metghatan tei {ten vag Specht oh campuran bel nae, setae ae eat i SCA Bahn tt drama tan konpa pa {isatsn ai eh pliner a ceri sepetcahdaocake a ae un, dar pata bg bas tops nat ba Ie. i au tan dl aan aan ess ere ta 8) Simao pate netmmmatec e Byntisaci g. 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