Geothermal Systems. 11
discharged. Steam reservoir temperatures are consistently around 236°C, the
maximum enthalpy of dry steam, pressures are almost constant throughout the
reservoir (White, 1970; White et al., 1971) and gas contents within the vapour are
around 0.5-2.0%. This compares with ~0.01-0.5% in liquid-dominated systems where
the vapour represents 10-30% of the fluid.
Temperature (°C)
100 200 300
10% NaCl
(1.7m)
400 SY
800
Depth (meters)
1200
1600
Figure 1.3. Boiling-point - depth relationship under hydrostatic conditions. Note that
increases in salinity and gas content have opposite effects on the boiling-point - depth
profile. For a fluid at a given temperature, increasing the salinity prevents the fluid
boiling until shallower depths are attained; by contrast, increasing the gas content
permits the fluid to boil at greater depths (see Fig. 3.5 also). Note too that increasing
the salinity has only a slight effect on the boiling profile, while relatively small
increases in the gas content of the fluid significantly alters the boiling-depth
relationship.