Recognition Systems.

Recognition systems are used to directly enter data into a computer systems. Recognition
systems are quicker and faster than manual methods.
It includes the Omr
OMR (optical mark recognition)
It is used to scan paper-based data mostly mcqs
Advantages
It is accurate
It does not require user input
It allows for the mass marking of mcqs
Disadvantages.
It normally requires manual checking.
It requires a special blotting paper to be used.
They are limited to only questions on the paper and it is impossible to mark explanation.
It often works only with black pen or pencil.
OCR (optical character recognition)
This is used to scan text into an editable document.
Advantages.
It allows for the modification of paper-based documents.
It does not require manual checking.
It does not only work with black pen or pencil.
It does not require special blotting paper.
It is possible to mark explanations.
Disadvantages.
If the scanning screen is not clean then it will give false results.
ANPR (Automated plate number recognition systems.)
Used to scan the number plates of scars and store them on a central database.
How ANPR is used in car parks
1) A sensor is used to detect a car entering the car park’s gate
2) A picture of the front plate is taken by infrared cameras (for better pictures at night.)
 3) The algorithm separates the numbers from the number plate and check there is
damage to the license plate.
4) The license plate is checked for any damages by the algorithm.
5) Brighness and contrast is adjusted then each character on the number plate is
segmented.
6) Each character is recognized by the OCR and the recognizable text is turned into a
stringeditable fomm.
7) Text string is stored in the database.A card is given to a motorist and the barrier is
lifted.
8) The motorist returns to the car park and he scans the ticket
9) Which machine analyses and determines how muh should be payed.
10) Who opens the barrier and receives money from the motorist.
Advantages of ANPR
It can be used in smart traffic management.
There is no need to employ security guards so reduced cost.
It is a much faster system thatn to check manually the tickets of other people.
Used to automatically control the movement and the entry of approaching vehicles.
Reduces illegal parking.

Disadvantages
CCQTV surveillance only shows that after improvement.
There could be invasion of privacy issues due to the recording of drivers’ number plates.
Damaged or very dirty number plates will not be recognised by the system.
Number plate cloning;

Advantages MCCRO ECONOMICS.

The driver does not have to consult paper maps, so it is far safer.
It removes errors (can warn drivers about one-way streets, street closures, etc.).
The system can estimate the time of arrival.
It is also possible to program in the fastest route, route to avoid towns, etc.
The system can also give useful information such as location of petrol stations.

If the maps are not kept up to date, they can give incorrect instructions.
Unless the system is sophisticated, road closures due to accidents or roadworks, can cause
problems.
Loss of satellite signals can cause problems.
If an incorrect start-point or end-point is keyed in the system will give iincorrect
information.