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MATHEMATICS
Study Material for Examination for the post of
UMESH MATHUR
MATHUR CLASSES, JAIPUR
+91 94140 70088, +91 94139 70088
o`Ùk
(The Circle)
,d fcUnq dk fcUnqiFk tks bl izdkj xeu djrk gS fd bldh ,d fLFkj (fixed) fcUnq ls nwjh lnSo leku (constant) jgs o`Ùk dgykrk
gSA fLFkj fcUnq o`Ùk dk dsUnz (centre) vkSj leku nwjh o`Ùk dh f=T;k (radius) dgykrh gSA ;gk¡ fLFkj fcUnq vkSj pj fcUnq (current
point) nksuksa leryh; gSaA
o`Ùk lEcU/kh dqN rF; o ifjHkk"kk;sa (Definitions and some facts about the circle)
(i) o`Ùk ,d oØ (curve) gS u fd ,d i`"B (surface) dk {ks=A vr% o`+Ùk }kjk f?kjk {ks= o`Ùk ugha gSA
(ii) dsUnz o f=T;k (centre of radius)
fp= esa fLFkj fcUnq C o`Ùk dk dsUnz rFkk o`Ùk ds fdlh Hkh pj fcUnq P dh dsUnz ls nwjh o`Ùk dh f=T;k dgykrh gSA
P
(iii) Nsnu js[kk (secant line) o`Ùk dks nks fcUnqvksa ij dkV dj tkus okyh js[kk o`Ùk dh Nsnu js[kk dgykrh gSA fn;s fp= esa AB,
o`Ùk dh ,d Nsnu js[kk gSA
B
Q
R
P
A
(iv) thok (Chord):- o`Ùk ds fdUgha nks fcUnqvksa dks feykus okyh js[kk o`Ùk dh ,d thok dgykrh gSA fp= esa PQ, o`Ùk dh ,d
thok gSA
(v) O;kl (Diameter) :- o`Ùk ds dsUnz ls tkus okyh izR;sd thok o`Ùk dk O;kl dgykrh gSA O;kl dh yEckbZ vpj rFkk f=T;k
dh nqxquh gksrh gSA fp= esa PR, o`Ùk dk ,d O;kl gSA
(vi) ifjf/k (Circumference):- o`Ùk dh oØ ifjfefr (Perimeter) dks o`Ùk dh ifjfèk dgrs gSaA r f=T;k okys o`Ùk dh ifjf/k
dh yEckbZ 2 r gksrh gSA
(vii) pki (Arc)- o`Ùk ij fLFkr fdUgha nks fcUnqvksa A vkSj B ds e/; dk oØh; fgLlk (curred section) pki dgykrk gSA bls ge
ladsr AB ;k AB ls O;Dr djrs gSA A vkSj B ds e/; dk NksVk oØh; Hkkx y?kqpki (minor arc) rFkk cM+k oØh; Hkkx o`gn pki
(major arc) dgykrk gSA fn;s fp= esa AEB y?kqpki rFkk ADB o`gn pki gSA
(viii) o`Ùk ij A vkSj B dksbZ nks fcUnq gksa rc
B E
A
thok AB
lim C
A B pki AB
D
AB
lim 1
A B AB
(ix) dsUnz ij varfjr dks.k (Angle subtended at the centre):- -o`Ùk dk dsUnz C gks rFkk fdlh pki ds fljs A vkSj B gksa
rc dks.k ACB, pki AB }kjk dsUnz ij varfjr dks.k dgykrk gSA ;g dks.k pki o f=T;k ds vuqikr ds cjkcj gksrk gSA vFkkZr~
pki ( arc)
dsUnz ij varfjr dks.k
f«kT¸kk (radis )
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 3
(x) fdlh pki }kjk o`Ùk ds dsUnz ij varfjr dks.k ifjf/k ds fdlh fcUnq ij varfjr dks.k dk nqxquk gksrk gS vFkkZr~
ACB 2 APQ
C A
(xi) {ks=Qy (Area) r f=T;k okys o`Ùk dk {ks=Qy vFkkZr~ o`Ùk dh ifjf/k ls f?kjs {ks= dk {ks=Qy r 2 gksrk gSA ;fn o`Ùk dk
1
O;kl d gks rc o`Ùk dk {ks=Qy d 2 gksrk gSA
4
(xii) f=T; [k.M (Sector of circle):- o`Ùk dk og Hkkx tks nks f=T;kvksa (radii) rFkk muds e/; ds ,d pki ls f?kjk gks o`Ùk
dk f=T;[k.M dgykrk gSA
B
A
C
1 2
pki AB ls dsUnz C ij varfjr dks.k ACB rFkk o`Ùk dh f=T;k r gks rc f=T; [k.M dk {ks=Qy r gksrk gSA
2
(xiii) o`Ùk [k.M (Segment of a circle):- o`Ùk dk og {ks= tks o`Ùk dh fdlh thok rFkk mlds }kjk varfjr pki ds e/; f?kjk
gks o`Ùkh; [k.M dgykrk gSA
izR;sd thok ds nks o`Ùk [k.M gksrs gSaA ,d cM+k o ,d NksVkA cM+k Hkkx o`gn o`Ùk [k.M (major segment) rFkk NksVk Hkkx
y?kq o`Ùk [k.M (minor segment) dgykrk gSA
;fn o`Ùk dh f=T;k r rFkk thok }kjk o`Ùk ij varfjr pki AB ls o`Ùk ds dsUnz ij varfjr dks.k gks rc bl o`Ùk [k.M dk
r2
{ks=Qy ( sin )
2
(xiv) Li'kZ js[kk (Tangent line):- ,d js[kk tks o`Ùk dks ,d gh fcUnq ij feyrh gks vFkkZr~ o`Ùk dks Li'kZ djrh gks o`Ùk dh Li'kZ
js[kk dgykrh gSA Li'kZ js[kk o`Ùk dks ftl fcUnq ij Li'kZ djrh gS og ml Li'khZ dk Li'kZ fcUnq (point of contact) dgykrk
gSA
o`Ùk ds fdlh fcUnq P ij Li'kZ js[kk] P ls tkus okyh Nsnu js[kk dh lhekar fLFkfr gksrh gS vFkkZr~ ;fn o`Ùk dh fdlh Nsnu
js[kk PQ dk fcUnq Q, P dks dh vksj vxzlj gks vkSj og P ds utnhd vkSj utnhd vkrs gq;s P ds laikrh gks tk;s rks Nsnu
js[kk PQ fcUnq P ij Li'kZ js[kk gks tkrh gSSA
(xv) vfHkyEc (Normal) - o`Ùk ds fdlh fcUnq P ls tkus okyh rFkk P ij Li'kZ js[kk ds yEcor~ js[kk ml fcUnq ij vfHkyEc js[kk
dgykrh gSA fcUnq P ml vfHkyEc js[kk dk ikn (foot of the normal) dgykrk gSA o`Ùk ds fdlh Hkh fcUnq ij vfHkyEc lnSo
o`Ùk ds dsUnz ls xqtjrk gSA
(xvi) o`Ùk dk lehdj.k (Equation of a circle):- o`Ùk ds dsUnz ds funsZ'kkadksa] o`Ùk dh f=T;k vkSj o`Ùk ij pj fcUnq (current point)
ds funsZ'kkadksa ds e/; ds lEcU/k dks crkus okyk lehdj.k o`Ùk dk lehdj.k dgykrk gSA
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 4
o`Ùk dk dsUnzh; :i esa lehdj.k (Equationof a circle in central form)
(i) ;fn o`Ùk dk dsUnz C(h, k) vkSj f=T;k r gks rc o`Ùk dk lehdj.k ( x h) 2 ( y k ) 2 r 2 gksxkA
Li"Vhdj.k %& ekuk o`Ùk ij dksbZ pj fcUnq P(x, y) gS rc CP = r ¼ifjHkk"kk ls½ ;k CP 2 r 2 ;k
( x h) 2 ( y k ) 2 r 2 gksxk
(h, k)
r P
C
(ii) ;fn h k 0 gks rc o`Ùk dk lehdj.k x 2 y 2 r 2 gksxkA ;g o`Ùk dk ljyre ;k ekud :i (simplest or standard
form) dgykrk gSA y
P
r
x
O
(iii) 'kwU; ;k fcUnq o`Ùk (Zero or point circle) :- tc o`Ùk dh f=T;k 'kwU; vFkkZr~ r = 0 gks rc o`Ùk dk lehdj.k
( x h) 2 ( y k ) 2 0 gksxkA ;g lehdj.k ,d fcUnq dks O;Dr djrk gS rFkk fcUnq o`Ùk dgykrk gSA
fofHkUu fLFkfr;ksa esa o`Ùk dk lehdj.k (Equation of a circle in different cases)
(i) ml o`Ùk dk lehdj.k ftldk dsUnz C (h, k ) gks rFkk og ewy fcUnq ls xqtjrk gks &
bl o`Ùk dh f=T;k h 2 k 2 , blfy;s lehdj.k
( x h )2 ( y k ) 2 h 2 k 2
;k x 2 y 2 2hx 2ky 0
(ii) ml o`Ùk dk lehdj.k ftldk dsUnz C(h, k) gks rCkk og fcUnq A(a, b) ls xqtjrk gks&
bl o`Ùk dh f=T;k CA ( h a )2 ( k b) 2
blfy;s lehdj.k
( x h ) 2 ( y k ) 2 ( h a ) 2 ( k b) 2
;k x 2 y 2 2hx 2ky a 2 b2 2(ah bk )
(iii) ml o`Ùk dk lehdj.k ftldk dsUnz fn;k gks rFkk tks x-v{k dks Li'kZ djrk gks&
bl o`Ùk dh pkj fLFkfr;k¡ gksaxhA o`Ùk dk dsUnz ftl ikn (quadrant) esa fLFkr gksxk mlh ikn esa o`Ùk fLFkr gksxkA ;s pkjksa
fLFkfr;k¡ fuEu gSa%&
x
(-h, k) (h, k)
k k
y
k O
k
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 5
(a) izFke ikn esa o`Ùk] tc dsUnz (h, k) gks ( x h) ( y k ) k
2 2 2
(-h, k) (h, k)
k k
x
O
(0, a)
(0, -a)
bl o`Ùk dk dsUnz (0, a) gksxk vkSj bldh fuEu nks fLFkfr;k¡ gksaxh&
(a) x-v{k ds Åij fLFkr o`Ùk x 2 ( y a )2 a 2 ;k x 2 y 2 2ay 0
(b) x-v{k ds uhps fLFkr o`Ùk x 2 ( y a) 2 a 2 ;k x 2 y 2 2ay 0
(vi) ml o`Ùk dk lehdj.k y-v{k dks ewy fcUnq ij Li'kZ djrk gks vkSj ftldh f=T;k a gks&
y
x
(0, -a) (0, a)
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 6
(vii) ml o`Ùk dk lehdj.k tks nksuksa v{kksa dks Li'kZ djrk gks vkSj ftldh f=T;k a gks%&
x
(-a, a) (a, a)
k k
y
O
k k
(-a,- a) (a,- a)
(a, a)
x
O
(a,- a)
x - 2a
(-r, r)
x
O
(-r, r)
x = - 2r
(c) f}rh; ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk 2 2
( x r ) ( y r) r 2 ;k x 2 y 2 2rx 2ry r 2 0
(d) r`rh; ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk ( x r )2 ( y r ) 2 r 2 ;k x 2 y 2 2rx 2ry r 2 0
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 7
(ix) ml o`Ùk dk lehdj.k tks funsZ'kh v{kksa rFkk js[kk y 2a dks Li'kZ djrk gks%&
bl o`Ùk dk O;kl |2a| gS vr% f=T;k |a| gksxhA bl o`Ùk dk dsUnz ( a, a) gksxkA bldh fuEu fLFkfr;k¡ gksaxh%&
tc a 0
y
y = 2a
(-a, a) (a, a)
x
O
tc a 0 ekuk a r , r 0
(c) r`rh; ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk ( x r )2 ( y r ) 2 r 2 ;k x 2 y 2 2rx 2ry r 2 0
(d) prqFkZ ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk ( x r ) 2 ( y r ) 2 r 2 ;k x 2 y 2 2rx 2ry r 2 0
(x) x a, x 3a vkSj x-v{k dks Li'kZ djus okys o`Ùk dk lehdj.k tc a 0 bl fLFkfr esa nks o`Ùk gksaxsA bu o`Ùkksa dh f=T;k
a vkSj dsUnz (2a, a) o (2a, a) gksaxsA
y
(-2r, r) (2a, a)
x
O
x = 3r x = -r x=a x = 3a
(a) izFke ikn easa fLFkr o`Ùk ( x 2a) ( y a ) a ;k x y 4ax 2ay 4a 2 0
2 2 2 2 2
(b) prqFkZ ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk ( x 2a) 2 ( y a) 2 a 2 ;k x 2 y 2 4ax 2ay 4a 2 0 tc a 0 gks ekuk a r vc
o`Ùkksa dh f=T;k r rFkk dsUnz (2r , r ) rFkk (2r , r ) gksxa sA
(c) f}rh; ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk ( x 2r ) 2 ( y r ) 2 r 2 ;k x 2 y 2 4rx 2ry 4r 2 0
(d) r`rh; ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk ( x 2r ) 2 ( y r ) 2 r 2 ;k x 2 y 2 4rx 2ry 4r 2 0
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 8
(xi) x a, x b, y c dks Li'kZ djus okys o`Ùk dk lehdj.k tcfd a 0, b 0, c 0 bl fLFkfr esa nks o`Ùk gksaxs ,d y = c
js[kk ds Åij vkSj nwljk bl js[kk ds uhpsA
y
C1
y=c
C2
L N
x
O
x=a x=b
b-a
ba a b ba
;gk¡ o`Ùk dh f=T;k vkSj dsUnz dk Hkqt rFkk y c js[kk ds Åij fLFkr o`Ùk ds dsUnz dh dksfV c 2 vkSj
2 2
ba
js[kk y c ds uhps fLFkr o`Ùk ds dsUnz dh dksfV c 2
a b 2c b a a b 2c b a
C1 , vkSj C2 , gksaxsA
2 2 2 2
vc dsUnzh; :i dh lgk;rk ls o`Ùk Kkr djsaxsA
(xii) x-v{k ls var%[k.M dkVus o y-v{k dks Li'kZ djus okys o`Ùk dk lehdj.k%&
y
b x
2a 2a
;fn o`Ùk x-v{k ls 2a yEckbZ dk var%[k.M gks vkSj y-v{k dks ewy fcUnq b nwjh ij Li'kZ djrk gks rks o`Ùk dh f=T;k r a 2 b2
gksxhA bl fLFkfr esa pkj o`Ùk gksaxs ftudk lehdj.k fuEu gS%&
(a) izFke ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk & dsUnz (r , b), r a 2 b 2 ( x r ) 2 ( y b) 2 r 2
(b) f}rh; ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk & dsUnz ( r , b ) ] ( x r ) 2 ( y b) 2 r 2
(c) r`rh; ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk & dsUnz (r,b), ( x r ) 2 ( y b) 2 r 2
(d) prqFkZ ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk & dsUnz (r , b), ( x r ) 2 ( y b) 2 r 2
(xiii) y-v{k ls var%[k.M dkVus vkSj x-v{k dks Li'kZ djus okys o`Ùk dk lehdj.k
y
b
r
x
(a, 0)
;fn o`Ùk y-v{k ls 2b yEckbZ ij var%[k.M dkVrk gks rks x v{k dks ewy fcUnq ls a nwjh ij Li'kZ djrk gks rc o`Ùk dh f=T;k
r a 2 b2 gksxhA
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 9
bl fLFkfr esa pkj o`Ùk gksaxs ftudh lehdj.k fuEu gksaxh%&
(a) izFke ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk & dsUnz (a, r ) ] ( x a) 2 ( y r ) 2 r 2
(b) f}rh; ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk & dsUnz (a, r ) , ( x a ) 2 ( y r ) 2 r 2
(c) r`rh; ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk & dsUnz (a, r ) ] ( x a ) 2 ( y r ) 2 r 2
(d) prqFkZ ikn esa fLFkr o`Ùk & dsUnz (a, r ) ] ( x a) 2 ( y r ) 2 r 2
(xiv) ewy fcUnq ls tkus okys vkSj funsZ'kh v{kksa ls var %[k.M dkVus okys o`Ùk dk lehdj.k
x
B (0, b)
A' A
(-a, 0) y
(a, 0)
B' (0, - b)
ekuk o`Ùk funsZ'kh v{kksa ls Øe'k% a vkSj b yEckbZ ds var%[k.M dkVrk gSA ;fn vHkh"V o`Ùk funsZ'kh v{kksa dks fcUnqvksa A vkSj B ij dkVrk
gks rks js[kk AB o`Ùk dk ,d O;kl gksxkA vr% o`Ùk dk lehdj.k O;kl :i dh lgk;rk ls Kkr djsaxsA bl fLFkfr esa pkj o`Ùk gksaxs
ftudh lehdj.k fuEu gS%&
(a) og o`Ùk ftldk dsUnz izFke ikn esa fLFkr gS&
( x a )( x 0) ( y 0)( y b) 0 ;k x 2 y 2 ax by 0
(b) og o`Ùk ftldk dsUnz f}rh; ikn esa fLFkr gS%&
( x a) ( x 0) ( y 0)( y b) 0 ;k x 2 y 2 ax by 0
(c) og o`Ùk ftldk dsUnz r`r h; ikn esa fLFkr gS%&
( x a) ( x 0) ( y 0)( y b) 0 ;k x 2 y 2 ax by 0
(d) og o`Ùk ftldk dsUnz prqFkZ ikn esa fLFkr gS%&
( x a )( x 0) ( y 0)( y b) 0 ;k x 2 y 2 ax by 0
o`Ù k dk O;kid lehdj.k (General equation of a circle)
o`Ùk ds dsUnzh; :i esa ( x h) 2 ,( y k ) 2 ds inksa dks foLrkj djds fy[kus ij izkIr inksa esa h g , k f rFkk rhu inksa ls cuus
okys vpj h 2 k 2 a dk c ls izfrLFkkfir djus ij gesa lehdj.k x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 izkIr gksrk gS&
;g o`Ùk dk O;kid :i esa lehdj.k dgykrk gSA bl o`Ùk dk dsUnz ( g , f )
1 1
vFkkZr~ x dk x.qkkd a vkSj f=T;k
a , y dk x.qkkd g2 f 2 c gSA
2 2
;g o`Ùk ,d okLrfod o`Ùk] fcUnq o`Ùk ;k dkYifud o`Ùk gksxkA ;fn g 2 f 2 c Øe'k% /kukRed] 'kwU; ;k _.kkRed gksA
izfrca/k tcfd x o y esa O;kid f}?kkr lehdj.k ,d o`Ùk dks O;Dr djs
(Condition that general equation of second degree in x and y represents a circle)
lehdj.k ax 2 by 2 2hxy 2 gx 2 fy c 0
,d o`Ùk dks iznf'kZr djsxk ;fn ;g lehdj.k x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 ds le:i gks
a b 2h
bu nksuksa lehdj.k dh rqyuk djus ij ;k a b, h 0
1 1 0
vFkkZr~ x, y ds O;kid f}?kkr lehdj.k esa ;fn x 2 dk xq.kkad y 2 dk xq.kkad gks rFkk xy dk dksbZ in u gks rc og lehdj.k ,d
o`Ùk dks O;Dr djsxkA bl fLFkfr esa fn;k lehdj.k ax 2 ay 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 gksxkA
;g o`Ùk dk vf/kd O;kid lehdj.k (more general equation) dgykrk gSA
g f g 2 f 2 ac
bl o`Ùk dk dsUnz a , a vkSj f=T;k gksxhA
a2
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 10
o`Ùk dk O;kl :i (Diameter form of a circle)
;fn ,d o`Ùk ds fdlh O;kl ds fljs A( x1 , y1 ) vkSj B ( x2 , y2 ) gksa rc ml o`Ùk dk lehdj.k
B(x
P 2,
y2 )
A(x
1, y1 )
( x x1 ) ( x x2 ) ( y y1 ) ( y y2 ) 0 gksxk
o`Ùk ds izkpfyd lehdj.k (Parametric equation of a circle)
tc fdlh fcUnq ds dkrhZ; funsZ'kkadksa (x, y) dks fdlh ,d gh pj (variable) ds inksa esa O;Dr djsa rks os funsZ'kkad ml fcUnq ds izkapfyd
funsZ'kkad (Parametric coordinates) vkSj og pj jkf'k izkpkay (parameter) dgykrh gSA
(i) x 2 y 2 a 2 ds izkpfyd lehdj.k (Parametric equations of x 2 y 2 a 2 )
y
P (x, y)
x
O M
ekuk o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 ij fdlh pj fcUnq P ( x, y ) dh f=T;k OP,, x-v{k ls dks.k cukrh gSA fn;s fp= esa Li"V gS fd
x OM OP cos a cos vkSj y PM OP sin a cos
blfy;s P ds funsZ'kkad (a cos , a sin ) gksaxsA Li"Vr;k fcUnq (a cos , a sin ), ds lHkh ekuksa ds fy;s fn;s o`Ùk ij fLFkr gS] vr%
;gh o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 ij fdlh fcUnq ds izkpfyd funsZ'kkad gSaA ;gk¡ izkpky gS vkSj lehdj.k
x a cos , y a sin (0 2 )
bl o`Ùk ds izkpfyd lehdj.k (parametric equations) gSa
(ii) o`Ùk ( x h) 2 ( y k ) 2 a 2 ds izkpfyd lehdj.k x h a cos , y k a sin (0 2) gksaxs vkSj bl o`Ùk ij
fLFkr fdlh fcUnq ds izkpfyd funsZ'kkad (h a cos , k a sin ) gksaxsA
(iii) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0
ds izkpfyd lehj.k x g r cos , y f r sin gSa ;gk¡ r g 2 f 2 c
rhu fcUnqvksa ls tkus okyk o`Ùk (Circle passing through three given points)
(i) ekuk rhu fcUnqvksa ( x1 , y1 ), ( x2 , y2 ) vkSj ( x3 , y3 ) ls tkus okys o`Ùk dk lehdj.k
x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 gSA
pw¡fd ;g o`Ùk fn;s rhu fcUnqvksa ls xqtjrk gS vr% bu rhuksa ls mijksDr lehdj.k larq"V gksxhA bu fcUnqvksa ls bl lehdj.k dks
larq"V djkus ij gesa fuEu rhu lehdj.k izkIr gksaxh%&
x12 y12 2 gx1 2 fy1 c 0
x22 y22 2 gx2 2 fy2 c 0
vkSj x32 y32 2 gx3 2 fy3 c 0
bu rhu lehdj.kksa dks gy djds izkIr g, f vkSj c ds ekuksa dks Åij fn;s lehdj.k esa j[kus ij vHkh"V o`Ùk izkIr gksxkA
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 11
x2 y 2 x y 1
x12 y12 x1 y1 1
0
mijksDr o`Ùk dks lkjf.kd :i esa fy[ksa rks o`Ùk dk lehdj.k x22 y22 x2 y2 1
x32 y32 x3 y3 1
Li"Vr;k ;g lkjf.kd Åij nh pkj lehdj.kksa ls g, f, c dks foyksi djus ij izkIr gksxkA
(ii) f}rh; fof/k (Second method):- fn;s rhu fcUnqvksa esa ls nks ( x1 , y1 ) vkSj ( x2 , y2 ) dks O;kl eku dj [khapk x;k o`Ùk
S 0 vkSj bu nksuksa ls tkus okyh js[kk dk lehdj.k L = 0 gks rc bu nks fcUnqvksa ls tkus okys fdlh o`Ùk dk lehdj.k S L 0
x y 1
vFkkZr~ ( x x1 )( x x2 ) ( y y1 )( y y2 ) x1 y1 1 0 gksxkA ;gk¡ ,d izkpky (parameter) gSA ;fn ;g o`Ùk
x2 y2 1
( x3 , y3 ) ls xqtjrk gks rks bl lehdj.k dks ( x3 , y3 ) ls larq"V djkdj dk eku Kkr djds blh lehdj.k esa izfrLFkkfir djus
ij vHkh"V o`Ùk dk lehdj.k izkIr gksxkA
ifjo`Ù k ds lehdj.k (Equations of the circum circle)
(i) f=Hkqt dk ifjo`Ùk tc 'kh"kZ fn;s gksa (circumcircle of a triangle when vertices are given)
;fn fdlh f=Hkqt ds 'kh"kkZsa ds funsZ'kkad fn;s gksa rks mlds ifjo`Ùk dk lehdj.k rhu fcUnqvksa ls tkus okys o`Ùk dk lehdj.k
Kkr djus dh fof/k ls Kkr djsaxsA
(ii) tc f=Hkqt dh Hkqtk;sa nh gksa (When sides of the triangle are given)
;fn fdlh f=Hkqt dh rhu Hkqtkvksa ds lehdj.k ns j[ksa gksa vkSj ml f=Hkqt dk ifjo`r Kkr djuk gks rks igys nks&nks lehdj.kksa
dks gy djds f=Hkqt ds 'kh"kkZsa ds funsZ'kkad Kkr djsaxs fQj mijksDr fof/k ls o`Ùk dk lehdj.k Kkr djsxsA
f}rh; fof/k (second method) & ;fn f=Hkqt dh rhu Hkqtkvksa ds lehdj.k L1 0, L2 0 vkSj L3 0 gksa rc mlds 'kh"kkZsa
ls tkus okys fdlh oØ dk lehdj.k ( L1 . L2 ) ( L2 . L3 ) ( L3 . L1 ) 0 gksxkA ;gk¡ vpj vkSj dk eku izfrca/kksa
x 2 dk xq.kkad y dk xq.kkad vkSj xy dk xq.kkad ¾ 'kwU; ls Kkr djsaxs ftlls ;g oØ f=Hkqt ds 'kh"kkZsa ls tkus okys o`Ùk dks
2
iznf'kZr djsxkA
(iii) ledks.k f=Hkqt dk ifjo`Ùk (Circumcircle of a right angle triangle) ledks.k f=Hkqt ds ifjo`Ùk dk ,d O;kl ml
f=Hkqt dk d.kZ gksxkA vr% fn;s f=Hkqt ds d.kZ dks O;kl ekudj o`Ùk dk lehdj.k Kkr djsxs] tks vHkh"V o`Ùk gksxkA
(iv) oxZ ;k vk;r dk ifjo`Ùk (Circumcircle of square or a rectangle) oxZ ;k vk;r dk ifjo`r ds fy;s bu vkd`fr;ksa
ds fod.kZ O;kl gksaxsA vr% fn;s oxZ ;k vk;r ds fod.kZ dks O;kl ekudj [khaps x;s o`Ùk gh vHkh"V o`Ùk gksaxsA
pkj fcUnqvksa ds ,d o`Ùkh; gksus dk izfrca/k (Condition that four points be concyclic)
(i) fn;s pkj fcUnq A,B, C vkSj D ,d o`Ùkh; dgykrs gSa ;fn buesa ls fdUgha rhu fcUnqvksa ls tkus okyk o`Ùk pkSFks fcUnq ls Hkh xqtjrk
gksA
(ii) prq H kq Z t dk ifjo` Ù k (Circum circle of a quadritateral) :- ;fn fdlh prq H kq Z t dh Hkq t k;s a Øekuq l kj
L1 0, L2 0, L3 0 vkSj L4 0 gksa rc ;fn vKkr jkf'k dk ,slk eku fo|eku gks fd
L1 L3 L2 L4 0
esa x 2 o y 2 ds xq.kkad cjkcj gksa rFkk xy dk dksbZ in u gks rc prqHkqZt pØh; (cyclic) gksxk vkSj bl prqHkqZt ds ifjo`Ùk
dk lehdj.k L1L3 L2 L4 0 gksxkA
o`Ùk ds lkis{k fcUnq dh fLFkfr (Position of a point with respect to a circle)
fcUnq P( x1 , y1 ) o`Ùk S x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 ds ckgj] Åij ;k vanj gksxk ;fn S1 Øe'k% 0, 0 ;k 0 gksA tgk¡
S1 x12 y12 2 gx1 2 fy1 c
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 12
,d fcUnq dh o`Ùk ls U;wure o vf/kdre nwjh (The least and greatest distance of a point from a circle)
ekuk fn;k o`Ùk S = 0 vkSj fcUnq A( x1 , y1 ) gSA iqu% ekuk fn;s o`Ùk dk A ls tkus okyk O;kl o`Ùk dks fcUnqvksa P vkSj Q ij dkVrk
gSA ;fn o`Ùk dk dsUnz C vkSj f=T;k r gks rc
Q
P
A
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 13
a 2 (1 m2 ) c 2
(i) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 }kjk js[kk y mx c ij dkVs x;s var%[k.M dh yEckbZ 2
1 m2
Li'khZ gksus ij izfrca/k (condition of tangency) & o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 js[kk y mx c dks Li'kZ djsxk ;fn
c a 1 m2
izo.krk ds inksa esa Li'khZ dk lehdj.k (Equation of tangent in terms of slope)
(i) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 ij m ds inksa esa Li'khZ dk lehdj.k y mx a 1 m2
y f m( x g ) ( g 2 f 2 c ) 1 m 2
Li'kZ js[kk dk lehdj.k (Equation of tangent)
(i) o`+Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 ds fcUnq ( x1 , y1 ) ij Li'khZ dk lehdj.k xx1 yy1 a 2
(ii) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 ds fcUnq (a cos , a sin ) ij Li'khZ dk lehdj.k x cos y sin a
(iii) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 ds fcUnq P ( x1 , y1 ) ij Li'khZ dk lehdj.k xx1 yy1 g ( x x1 ) f ( y y1 ) c 0
bl izdkj tc gesa fn;s o`Ùk ds fdlh fcUnq P( x , y1 ) ij Li'khZ dk lehdj.k Kkr djuk gks rks ge o`Ùk ds lehdj.k esa
x 2 xx1 , y 2 yy1 ,2 x x x1 , 2 y y y1 vkSj c c
izfrLFkkfir dj vfHk"V Li'khZ dk lehdj.k Kkr dj ldrs gSaA
vfHkyEc dk lehdj.k (Equation of normal)
pw¡fd o`Ùk ds fdlh fcUnq ij vfHkyEc] mlh fcUnq ij [khaph Li'khZ ds yEcor~ js[kk gksrh gS tks fd o`Ùk ds dsUnz ls xqtjrh gSA vr%
o`+Ùk ds fdlh fcUnq ij vfHkyEc] ml fcUnq vkSj o`Ùk ds dsUnz dks feykus okyh js[kk gksrh gSA bl izdkj&
(i) o`+Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 ds fcUnq ( x1 , y1 ) ij vfHkyEc dk lehdj.k xy1 x1 y 0
(ii) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 ds fcUnq (a cos , a sin ) ij vfHkyEc dk lehdj.k x sin y cos 0
(iii) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 ij fdlh vfHkyEc dk lehdj.k y mx ;gk¡ m vfHkyEc dh izo.krk gSA
(iv) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 ds fcUnq ( x1 , y1 ) ij vfHkyEc dk lehdj.k
y1 f
y y1 ( x x1 )
x1 g
(v) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 ij fdlh Hkh vfHkyEc dk lehdj.k y f m( x g ) ;gk¡ m vfHkyEc dh izo.krk gSA
Li'kZ js[kk dh yEckbZ (Length of the tangnt)
fcUnq ( x1 , y1 ) ls o`Ùk ij [khaph Li'khZ dh yEckbZ tcfd o`+Ùk dk lehdj.k
2g 2f c
(iii) ax 2 ay 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 gks x12 y12 x1 y1 gksxhA
a a a
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 14
o`Ùk ds lkis{k fcUnq dh 'kfDr (Power of a point w.r.t a circle)
fdlh fcUnq P dh fn;s o`Ùk S = 0 ds lkis{k 'kfDr nwfj;ksa PQ vkSj PR ds chth; xq.kuQy ds cjkcj gksrh gSA tgk¡ Q vkSj R fcUnq
P ls [khaph fdlh Nsnu js[kk vkSj o`Ùk ds izfrPNsn fcUnq gSaA
Q R
R
Q
P
P Q
R
Q R
T
bl f}?kkr lehdj.k (A) ds lnSo nks ewy gksaxs tks fcUnq ( x1 , y1 ) ls tkus okyh Lif'kZ;ksa dh izo.krk;sa gksaxhA vr% fdlh Hkh fcUnq
( x1 , y1 ) esa ,d o`Ùk ij lnSo nks Lif'kZ;k¡ [khaph tk ldrh gSaA fp= ls Li"V gS fd ;s Lif'kZ;k¡ okLrfod o vleku gksaxh tcfd
fcUnq P o`Ùk ds ckgj fLFkr gks] bl fLFkfr esa mijksDr lehdj.k ds ewy Hkh okLrfod o vleku gksaxsA ;s Lif'kZ;k¡ okLrfod o laikrh
gksaxh tc fcUnq gksaxs tc fcUnq P o`Ùk ds Åij fLFkr gks] bl fLFkfr esa mijksDr lehdj.k ds ewy okLrfod o leku gksaxs vkSj ;s Lif'kZ;k¡
dkYifud gksaxh tcfd fcUnq P o`Ùk ds vUnj fLFkr gks vkSj bl fLFkfr esa mijksDr lehdj.k ds ewy Hkh dkYifud gksaxsA
(ii) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 ij fdlh fcUnq P ( x1 , y1 ) ls [khaph Lif'kZ;ksa ds lehdj.k&
pw¡fd y f m( x g ) g 2 f 2 c 1 m 2
fn;s o`Ùk ij lnSo Li'khZ gSA ;fn ;g ( x1 , y1 ) ls xqtjrh gks rks ( x1 , y1 ) ls larq"V djkus ij m esa f}?kkr lehdj.k izkIr gksxh] ftlls
m ds nks eku izkIr gksaxsA bu izkIr ekuksa dks lnSo Li'khZ ds lehdj.k esa j[kus ij gesa vHkh"V Lif'kZ;k¡ izkIr gksaxhA
(a) f}rh; fof/k& ( x1 , y1 ) ls tkus okyh fdlh js[kk dk lehdj.k y y1 m( x x1 ) gksrk gSaA ;g js[kk fn;s o`Ùk dks Li'kZ
djsxh ;fn o`Ùk ds dsUnz ls bl ij Mkyk x;k yEc o`Ùk dh f=T;k ds cjkcj gksA bl izfrca/k ls gesa iqu% m esa f}?kkr lehdj.k izkIr
gksxh] ftlls izkIr m ds nksuksa eku vHkh"V Lif'kZ;ksa dh izo.krk;sa gksaxhA bu ekuksa dks Åij nh lehdj.k esa j[kus ij gesaokafNr Lif'kZ;ksa
ds lehdj.k izkIr gksaxsA
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 15
(b) r`rh; fof/k& ( x1 , y1 ) ls tkus okyh js[kk y y1 m( x x1 )
fn;s o`Ùk ij Li'khZ gks rks ;g o`Ùk dks ,d gh fcUnq ij feysxhA vr% bl lehdj.k vkSj o`Ùk ds lehdj.k dks gy djus ds
fy;s ,d pj x ;k y dk foyksi djus ij tks f}?kkr lehdj.k izkIr gksxh mlds ewy leku gksaxsA ml lehdj.k esa leku ewyksa dk
izfrca/k yxkus ij vFkkZr~ ml lehdj.k ds foospd dks 'kwU; d cjkcj j[kus ij ges vHkh"V Lif'kZ;ksa dh izo.krkvksa ds eku izkIr gksaxsA
Li'khZ ;qXe vkSj Li'khZ thok (Pair of tangents and chord of contact)
fn;s o`Ùk S = 0 ij cká fcUnq P ( x1 , y1 ) ls [khaph nks Lif'kZ;k¡ PQ o PR gksa rks ;s nksuksa Lif'kZ;k¡ o`Ùk S = 0 ij fcUnq P ls [khapk Li'khZ
;qXe rFkk buds Li'kZ fcUnqvksa Q vkSj R dks feykus okyh thok bu Lif'kZ;ksa dh Li'kZthok (chord of contact) dgykrh gSA
(i) fcUnq P ( x1 , y1 ) ls o`Ùk S = 0 ij [khaph Li'khZ ;qXe dk lehdj.k SS1 T 2 gksxkA
(a) ;fn o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 gks rks S x 2 y 2 a 2 , S1 x12 y12 a 2 vkSj T xx1 yy1 a 2
(b) ;fn o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 gks] rks S x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c, S1 x12 y12 2gx1 2 fy c
vkSj T xx1 yy1 g ( x x1 ) f ( y y1 ) c
(ii) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 ij cká fcUnq ( x1 , y1 ) ls [khaph Lif'kZ;ksa dh Li'kZ thok dk lehdj.k xx1 yy1 a 2 gksxkA
(iii) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 ij cká fcUnq ( x1 , y1 ) ls [khaph Lif'kZ;ksa dh Li'kZ thok dk lehdj.k
xx1 yy1 g ( x x1 ) f ( y y1 ) c 0 gksxkA vFkkZr~ fdlh cká fcUnq P( x1 , y1 ) ls fdlh o`Ùk S = 0 ij [khaph Lif'kZ;ksa dh
Li'kZ thok dk lehdj.k T = 0 gksrk gSA
fu;ked o`Ù k (Director Circle)
(i) ,d o`Ùk dh nks ijLij yEcor~ Lif'kZ;ksa ds izfrPNsn fcUnqvksa dk fcUnqiFk ,d o`Ùk gksrk gS tks fn;s `Ùok dk fu;ked o`Ùk dgykrk
gSA
(ii) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 dk fu;ked o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2a 2 gksrk gSA
(iii) o`Ùk ( x h) 2 ( y k ) 2 r 2 dk fu;ked o`Ùk ( x h) 2 ( y k ) 2 2r 2 gksrk gSA
(iv) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 dk fu;ked o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy 2c g 2 f 2 0 gksrk gSA
(v) egRoiw.kZ fujh{k.k (Important observation) &
fdlh o`Ùk dk fu;ked o`Ùk fn;s o`Ùk dk ladsUnzh o`Ùk (concentric circle) gksrk gSA
fdlh o`Ùk ds fu;ked o`Ùk dh f=T;k fn;s o`Ùk dh f=T;k dh 2 xquk gksrh gSA
/kqzo vkSj /kzqoh (Pole and Polar)
;fn fdlh fLFkj fcUnq tks fn;s o`Ùk ds vanj] Åij ;k ckgj fLFkr gks ls o`Ùk dh thok;sa ;k Nsnu js[kk;sa [khaph tk;sa rc bu thokvksa
ds fljksa ;k Nsnu js[kk o o`Ùk ds izfrPNsn fcUnqvksa ij [khaph xbZ Li'kZ js[kkvksa ds izfrPNsn fcUnq dk fcUnqiFk fLFkj fcUnq dh fn;s o`Ùk
ds lkis{k /kqzoh (polar) gksxh vkSj fLFkj fcUnq /kzqoh dk /kqzo (pole) gksxkA
vFkkZr~ ;fn fcUnq P ls o`Ùk S = 0 ij Nsnu js[kk PQR/RPQ [khaph tk;sa tks o`Ùk Q o R ij feys rks Q o R ij [khaph Lif'kZ;ksa ds
izfrPNsn fcUnq T dk fcUnqiFk] fcUnq P dh /kqzoh gksxh vkSj fcUnq P Lo;a bl /kqzoh dk /kqzo gksxkA
T T
P
P Q
R
R
T
/kqzoh dk lehdj.k (Equation of polar)
(i) fcUnq P ( x1 , y1 ) dh o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 ds lkis{k /kqzoh dk lehdj.k xx1 yy1 a 2 gksxkA
(ii) fcUnq P ( x1 , y1 ) dk o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 ds lkis{k /kqzoh dk lehdj.k
xx1 yy1 g ( x x1 ) f ( y y1 ) c 0 gksxk
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 16
/kqzo ds funsZ'kkad (Co-ordinates of pole)
Aa 2 Ba 2
(i) o`Ùk x y a ds lkis{k js[kk Ax By C 0 dk /kqzo C , C gksxkA
2 2 2
(ii) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 ds lkis{k js[kk Ax By C 0 dk /kqzo fuEu lehdj.kksa ls fn;k tk;sxk%&
x1 g y1 f gx1 fy1 c
A B C
Li'kZ js[kk] Li'kZ thok vkSj /kqzoh (Tangent, chord of contact and plar)
ekuk fn;k x;k o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 gSA
(i) ;fn fcUnq P ( x1 , y1 ) o`Ùk ds Åij fLFkr gks rks bl fcUnq ij Li'khZ js[kk vkSj bl fcUnq dh fn;s o`Ùk ds lkis{k Li'kZ thok o
/kqzoh rhuksa leku gksaxh vkSj budk lehdj.k xx1 yy1 a 2 gksxkA
(ii) ;fn fcUnq P ( x1 , y1 ) o`Ùk ds ckgj fLFkr gks rks bl fcUnq ij Li'kZ js[kk dk dksbZ vFkZ ugha gksxk rFkk Li'kZ thok o /kqzoh leku
js[kk gksxh vkSj budk lehdj.k xx1 yy1 a 2 gksxkA
(iii) ;fn fcUnq P ( x1 , y1 ) o`Ùk ds vUnj fLFkr gks rks blls [khaph nksuksa Lif'kZ;k¡ dkYifud gksaxh] Qyr% Li'kZ fcUnq Hkh dkYifud
gksaxs] ysfdu budh Li'kZ thok okLrfod gksxh ftlds xq.kkad Hkh okLrfod gksaxs rFkk ;g fcUnq dh o`Ùk ds lkis{k /kqzoh ds laikrh
(coincident) gksxhA bl izdkj ge /kqzoh dks fuEu izdkj Hkh ifjHkkf"kr dj ldrs gSa%&
,d fcUnq dh /kqzoh og js[kk gksxh tks fd fn;s fcUnq ls o``Ùk ij [khaph xbZ Lif'kZ;ksa] okLrfod ;k dkYifud] ds Li'kZ fcUnqvksa ls xqtjsxh
vkSj fdlh js[kk dk /kqzo] js[kk o o`Ùk ds izfrPNsn fcUnqvksa] okLrfod ;k dkYifud] ij [khaph Li'kZ js[kkvksa dk izfrPNsn fcUnq gksxkA
/kqzo vkSj /kqzoh lEcU/kh egRoiw.kZ ifj.kke (Important results about pole and polar)
(i) la;qXeh fcUnq (Conjugate points):- ,d o`Ùk S = 0 ds lkis{k ;fn fcUnq P dh /kqzoh fcUnq Q ls xqtjrh gks rks fcUnq Q dh
/kqzoh Hkh fcUnq P ls xqtjsxhA ,sls fcUnq P vkSj Q o`Ùk S = 0 ds lkis{k la;qXeh fcUnq dgykrs gSa
(ii) la;qXeh js[kk;sa (conjugate lines):- ,d o`Ùk S = 0 ds lkis{k js[kk L1 0 dk /kqzo js[kk L2 0 ij gks rks js[kk L2 0 dk
/kqoz js[k L1 0 ij gksxk] ,sls js[kk;sa o`Ùk S = 0 ds lkis{k la;qXeh js[kk;sa dgykrh gSaA
(iii) Lo;a la;qXeh f=Hkqt (Self conjugate triangle):- ;fn ,d f=Hkqt bl izdkj gks fd bldk izR;sd 'kh"kZ fdlh o`Ùk ds
lkis{k] lEeq[k Hkqtk dk /kqzo gks rks ,slk f=Hkqt Lo;a la;qXeh f=Hkqt dgykrk gSA vFkkZr~ f=Hkqt ABC ,d Lo;a la;qXeh f=Hkqt gksxk
;fn 'kh"kZ A, B,C fdlh o`Ùk S = 0 ds lkis{k Øe'k% Hkqtkvksa BC, CA, AB ds /kqoz gksaA
o`Ù k fudk; (System of circles)
(i) ;fn nks o`Ùk S1 x 2 y 2 2 g1 x 2 f1 y c1 0
vkSj S x 2 y 2 2 g 2 x 2 f 2 y c2 0
ijLij okLrfod o vleku fcUnqvksa ij dkVus okys o`Ùk gksa rc buds izfrPNsn fcUnqvksa ls tkus okys o`Ùk ifjokj (family of circles)
dh lehdj.k S1 S2 0 vFkkZr~
( x 2 y 2 2 g1 x 2 f1 y c1 ) ( x 2 y 2 2 g 2 x 2 f 2 y c2 ) 0 gksxhA
;gk¡ 1 ,d LosPN vpj gS ;fn 1 gks rks S1 S2 S1 S2 0
nks o`Ùkksa ds ewyk{k (radical axes) dks O;Dr djsxhA
(ii) ;fn o`Ùk S x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 vkSj js[kk L lx my n 0 ijLij okLrfod vkSj vleku fcUnqvksa ij dkVrs
gksa rc buds izfrPNsn fcUnqvksa ls tkus okys o`Ùk ifjokj (family of circles) dh lehdj.k S L 0
vFkkZr~ ( x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c) (lx my n) 0 gksxhA
;gk¡ ,d LosPN vpj (arbitrary constant) gSA
(iii) ;fn o`Ùk S = 0 vkSj js[kk L 0 ijLij fcUnq P ij Li'kZ djrs gksa rc js[kk L 0 dks fcUnq P ij Li'kZ djus okys o`Ùkksa dk
lehdj.k S L 0 gksxkA ;gk¡ LosPN vpj gSA
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 17
(iv) nks fcUnqvksa ( x1 , y1 ) vkSj ( x2 , y2 ) ls tkus okys fdlh o`Ùk ifjokj dk lehdj.k
x y 1
x1 y1 1 0
( x x1 ) ( x x2 ) ( y y1 ) ( y y2 ) gksxk ;gk¡ ,d LosPN vpj gSA
x2 y2 1
P
1
C
1
P
3
P
2
P
Q 4
4
T
Q 1
1
C Q
2 3
Q
2
T
2
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 18
(ii) nksuksa o`Ùk ckár% Li'kZ djsaxs ;fn C1C2 r1 r2
P
1
Q
1
T
1
C T
C 2 2
1
Q
2
P
2
(iii) nksuksa o`Ùk ijLij nks fHkUu vkSj okLrfod fcUnqvksa ij feysaxs ;fn r1 r2 C1C2 (r1 r2 )
T
C C 2
1 2
C
1
(v) nksuksa o`Ùk dkYifud fcUnqvksa ij feysaxs vkSj ,d o`Ùk nwljs o`Ùk ds vUnj gksxk ;fn
C
1
C
2
P2Q2T2 lh/kh Lif'kZ;ksa (direct tangent) vkSj P3T1Q3 o P4T1Q4 f=;dZ Lif'kZ;k¡ (transvers tangents) dgykrh gSA fcUnq T1 o
T2 dsUnzksa C1 o C2 dks feykus okys js[kk dks r1 : r2 ds vuqikr esa Øe'k% vUr% o cká foHkkftr djrs gSaA
bu Lif'kZ;ksa dk lehdj.k Kkr djus ds fy;s igys foHkktu lw= dh lgk;rk ls T1 o T2 ds funsZ'kkad Kkr djrs gSa fQj T1 o T2
ls tkus okyh js[kkvksa ds lehdj.k fcUnq izo.krk :i dh lgk;rk ls fy[kdj js[kk dks o`Ùk }kjk Li'kZ djus dk izfrcaèk yxkdj izo.krk
m ds eku Kkr djsaxs] ftUgsa js[kk ds lehdj.k esa j[kdj vHkh"V Lif'kZ;k¡ izkIr djsaxsA
(ii) tc nks o`Ùk ijLij ckár% Li'kZ djsaxs rc fp= ds vuqlkj rhu mHk;fu"B Lif'kZ;k¡ gksaxhA lh/kh Lif'kZ;ksa PQ 1 1T2 vkSj P2 Q2T2
ij lehdj.k Åij crkbZ fof/k ls Kkr djsaxs rFkk Li'kZ fcUnq T1 ij Li'khZ dk lehdj.k S1 S2 0 gksxkA ;gk¡ T1 , C1 C2 dks
var%:i ls r1 : r2 ds vuqikr esa foHkkftr djrk gSA bl izdkj ;fn C1 vkSj C2 ds funsZ'kkad Øe'k% ( x1 , y1 ) vkSj ( x2 , y2 ) gksa rc T1
rx r x r y r y
1 2 2 1 1 2 2 1
ds funsZ'kkad r r , r r gksaxsA
1 2 1 2
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 19
(iii) tc nks o`Ùk ,d nwljs dks okLrfod rFkk vleku fcUnqvksa ij dkVsaxs rks fp= ds vuqlkj nks lh/kh mHk;fu"B Lif'kZ;k¡ gksaxh]
ftuds lehdj.k Åij nh fof/k ls Kkr djsaxsA
(iv) tc nks o`Ùk ijLij var%Li'kZ djsaxs rks fp= ds vuqlkj mu ij ,d mHk;fu"B Li'khZ gksxh tks o`Ùkksa ds Li'kZ fcUnq ij gh gksxhA
bl mHk;fu"B Li'khZ dk lehdj.k S1 S2 0 gksxkA ;gk¡ T1 , C1C2 dks r1 : r2 ds vuqikr esa ckár% foHkkftr djrk gSA ;fn C1
r x r x r y r y
1 2 2 1 1 2 1
o C2 ds funsZ'kkad Øe'k% ( x1 , y1 ) vkSj ( x2 , y2 ) gksa rc T1 ds funsZ'kkad r r , r r gksaxsA
1 2 1 2
mHk;fu"B thok dh lehdj.k vkSj yEckbZ (Equation and length of common chord)
tc nks o`Ùk S1 0 vkSj S2 0 ijLij nks okLrfod fcUnqvksa P o Q ij feyrs gksa rks thok PQ fn;s o`Ùkksa dh mHk;fu"B thok
(common chord) dgykrh gSA
C
1
P Q
M
r 90º r
1 2
C C
1 d 2
bl izdkj o`Ùkksa x 2 y 2 2 g1 x 2 f1 y c1 0
(2 g1 g 2 2 f1 f 2 (c1 c2 ))
vkSj x 2 y 2 2 g 2 x 2 f 2 y c2 0 ds e/; dks.k gks rks cos
2 g 2
1 f12 c1 g 2
2 f 22 c2
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 20
nks o`Ùkksa ds ledksf.kd gksus dk izfrcU/k (Condition that two circles be orthoganal)
nks o`Ùkksa x 2 y 2 2 g1 x 2 f1 y c1 0 vkSj x 2 y 2 2 g 2 x 2 f 2 y c2 0
ijLij ledks.k ij dkVsaxs ;fn 2 g1 g 2 2 f1 f 2 c1 c2
nks o`Ùkksa ds lekdksf.kd gksu s dk T;kferh; izfrca/ k (Geometric condition for orthogonality of two circles)
;fn ,d o`Ùk ds dsUnz ls nwljs o`Ùk ij [khaph Li'khZ dh yEckbZ igys o`Ùk dh f=T;k ds cjkcj gks rks nksuksa o`Ùk ijLij ledks.k ij
dkVsaxsA fp= ls Li"V gS fd C1 ls S2 0 ij [khaph xbZ Li'khZ dh yEckbZ r1 ds cjkcj gSA
ewyk{k (Radical axis)
(i) ,d fcUnq ij fcUnqiFk] tks bl izdkj xeu djrk gS fd blls nks o`Ùkksa ij [khaph xbZ Li'kZ js[kkvksa dh yEckbZ leku jgs] mu
o`Ùkksa dk ewyk{k dgykrk gSA
nwljs 'kCnksa esa ,d js[kk nks o`Ùkksa dh ewyk{k gksxh ;fn blds izR;sd fcUnq ls nksuksa o`Ùkksa ij [khaph xbZ Lif'kZ;ksa dh yEckbZ leku jgsA
(ii) nks o`Ù kksa S1 x 2 y 2 2 g1 x 2 f1 y c1 0 vkSj S 2 x 2 y 2 2 g 2 x 2 f 2 y c2 0 dh ew y k{k dh lehdj.k
S1 S 2 0 vFkkZr~ 2( g1 g 2 ) x 2 x ( f1 f 2 ) y c1 c2 0 gksaxhA ewyk{k dh lehdj.k fudkyrs le; nksuksa o`Ùk S1 0 o
S2 0 O;kid :i (general form) easa gksus pkfg;sA vFkkZr~ x 2 o y 2 d xq.kkad bdkbZ gksus pkfg;sA
okLro esa nks o`Ùkksa dh ewyk{k muds mHk;fu"B fcUnqvksa] okLrfod ;k dkYifud] ls tkus okyh js[kk gSa bl izdkj
(a) tc nks o`Ùk okLrfod fcUnqvksa ij dkVrs gksa rc o`Ùkksa dh mHk;fu"B thok gh mudh ewyk{k gksrh gSA
(b) tc nks o`Ùk ijLij Li'kZ djrs gksa rks muds mHk;fu"B fcUnq ij Li'kZ js[kk gh mudh ewyk{k gksrh gS vkSj
(c) tc nks o`Ùk okLrfod fcUnqvksa ij ugha feyrs rks ewyk{k o`Ùkksa ds dkYifud izfrPNsn fcUnqvksa ls tkus okyh js[kk gksrh gSA
nks o`Ùkksa dks ledks.k ij dkVus okyk o`Ùk (Circle intersecting two circles orthogonally)
ekuk nks o`Ùk S1 0 vkSj S2 0 gSa rFkk budh ewyk{k ij dksbZ fcUnq P gS] rc P ds dsUnz vkSj P ls bu o`Ùkksa ij [khaph Lif'kZ;ksa dh
yEckbZ dks f=T;k ekudj tks o`Ùk [khapk tk;sxk og o`+Ùk bu o`Ùkksa dks ledks.k ij dkVus okyk o`Ùk gksxkA
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 21
rhu o`Ùkksa dks ledks.k ij dkVus okyk o`Ùk (Circle intersecting three given circles orthogonally)
ekuk fn;s o`Ùk S1 0, S2 0 vkSj S3 0 gSa vkSj budk ewyk{k dsUnz P gS rc P dks dsUnz rFkk P ls fn;s o`Ùkksa ij [khaph Lif'kZ;ksa dh
yEckbZ dks f=T;k ekudj [khapk x;k o`Ùk fn;s o`Ùkksa dk ledks.k ij dkVsxkA ;g o`Ùk fn;s o`Ùkksa dk ewyk{k o`Ùk dgykrk gSA
(vii) ;fn o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 vkSj js[kk x cos y sin p ,d nwljs dks fcUnqvksa A vkSj B ij feyrs gksa rks AB dks O;kl ekudj
[khaps x;s o`Ùk dk lehdj.k x 2 y 2 a 2 2 p ( x cos y sin p )
2 2 a2
(viii) o`Ùk x y a dh mu thokvksa ds e/; fcUnq dk fcUnqiFk tks dsUnz ij ledks.k varfjr djrh djrh gSa x y
2 2 2
2
gksxkA
(ix) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 dh mu thokvksa ds e/; fcUnq dk fcUnqiFk tks ewy fcUnq ij ledks.k varfjr djrh gS%&
c
x 2 y 2 gx fy 0
2
(x) fdlh f=Hkqt dh Hkqtkvksa dks O;kl ekudj [khaps x;s o`Ùkksa dh mHk;fu"B thokvksa ¼ewyk{kksa½ dks izfrPNsn fcUnq f=Hkqt dk yEc
dsUnz gksrk gSA
a4
(xi) o`Ùk x y a ds fcUnq ( x1 , y1 ) ij [khaph Li'khZ vkSj funsZ'kh v{kksa ls cuus okys f=Hkqt dk {ks=Qy 2 x y
2 2 2
1 1
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 22
oLrqfu"B iz'u: o`Ùk (Objective Questions: Circle)
01- o`Ùk x 2 y 2 ax by 0 dh f=T;k gS%&
(a 2 b 2 ) 1 2
(1) 2
a b 2 (2) 2 a 2 b 2 (3) (4) a b2
4 2
(1) ( x1 , y1 ) (2) ( x2 , y2 )
( x1 x2 ) ( y1 y2 ) ( x1 x2 ) ( y1 y2 )
(3) , (4) ,
2 2 2 2
(1) ( x 2) 2 ( y 1) 2 32 (2) ( x 2) 2 ( y 1) 2 32
06- o`Ùk x 2 y 2 4 x 8 y 0 dh O;kl js[kk] tks ewy fcUnq ls xqtjrh gS] dk lehdj.k gS%&
07- ewy fcUnq ls xqtjus okys fdlh o`Ùk dk dsUnz ( p, q) gks rks lehdj.k gS%&
08- ftl o`Ùk dk O;kl x 2 y 1 gks mldk dsUnz gks ldrk gS%&
(1) (1, 1) (2) (1, 1) (3) (1, 1) (4) (1, 1)
(1) x 2 y 2 4 x 2 y 20 0 (2) x 2 y 2 4 x 2 y 4 0
10- ,d o`Ùk dk dsUnz ¼2] 1½ gS vkSj og o`Ùk fcUnq ¼6] 4½ ls gksdj tkrk gS rks o`Ùk dk {ks=Qy gksxk%&
(1) 5 (2) 10 (3) 25 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
11- js[kkvksa x cos y sin a rFkk x sin y cos b ds izfrPNsn fcUnq dk fcUnq iFk gksxk%&
12- ,d xfreku fcUnq dk fcUnqiFk ftldk ,d fLFkj fcUnq (, ) ls nwjh lnSo a gks] gksxk%&
(1) ( x 6) 2 ( y 8) 2 52 (2) x 2 y 2 6 x 8 y 25
15- ml o`Ùk dk lehdj.k tks ewy fcUnq ls tkrk gS rFkk v{kksa dh /kukRed fn'kk ls Øe'k% 3 o 4 yEckbZ ds vUr%[k.M dkVrk gS gksxk%&
(1) x 2 y 2 6 x 8 y 0 (2) x 2 y 2 3x 4 y 0 (3) x 2 y 2 3 x 4 y 0 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
16- o`Ùk ftldh f=T;k 3 bdkbZ rFkk dsUnz r`rh; ikn esa fLFkr gks rFkk nksuksa v{kksa dks Li'kZ djrk gks mldk lehdj.k gksxk%&
(1) x 2 y 2 6 x 8 y 9 0 (2) x 2 y 2 6 x 6 y 9 0
3 3 11 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 4 10 10
19- ;fn fdlh o`Ùk dh f=T;k a gks rFkk ;g x v{k dks ewy fcUnq ij Li'kZ djrk gS rks bldk lehdj.k gksxk%&
(1) x 2 y 2 2ax 0 (2) x 2 y 2 2ay 0 (3) x 2 y 2 ax 0 (4) x 2 y 2 ay 0
20- ,d o`Ùk nksuksa v{kksa dks Li'kZ djrk gS rFkk bldk dsUnz f}rh; pj.k esa gS ;fn mldh f=T;k 1 gks rks mldk lehdj.k gksxk%&
(1) x 2 y 2 2 x 2 y 1 0 (2) x 2 y 2 2 x 2 y 1 0
(3) x 2 y 2 2 x 2 y 1 0 (4) x 2 y 2 2 x 2 y 1 0
21 - ABCD ,d oxZ gS ftldh Hkqtk dh yEckbZ a gS AB vkSj AD dks v{k ekuus ij ifjo`Ùk ABCD dk lehdj.k gksxk%&
(1) (9cos , 9sin ) (2) (cos , sin ) (3) (3cos , 3sin ) (4) (9sin , 9cos )
23- rhu vlejs[kh; fcUnqvksa ls tkus okys fdrus o`Ùk [khaps tk ldrs gSa%&
(1) rhu o`Ùk (2) dsoy ,d o`Ùk (3) vuar o`Ùk (4) dksbZ o`Ùk ugha
24- o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 rFkk x v{k ds izfrPNsn fcUnqvksa ds Hkqtksa dk lekUrj ek/; gS%&
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Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 24
25- o`Ùk x y 2 x 4 y 3 0 ds vUnj ,d oxZ [khapk x;k gS ftldh Hkqtk,¡ funsZ'kh v{kksa ds lekUrj gS oxZ dk ,d 'kh"kZ gS%&
2 2
27- a ds fdl eku ds fy, fcUnq (0, 0),(1,0),(0, 2) rFkk (0, a) ,d o`Ùkh; gS%&
(1) 0] 1 (2) 0] 2 (3) &1] 2 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
28- ;fn fcUnq (2, 1) o`Ùk x 2 y 2 6 x 8 y c 0 ds vUnj fLFkr gks rks c 1 cjkcj gS%&
(1) 'kwU; (2) /kukRed (3) _.kkRed (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
a(1 t 2 ) 2at
31- izkpfyd lehdj.k x 2
,y iznf'kZr djrh gS%&
1 t 1 t2
(1) ,d o`Ùk (2) js[kk ;qXe (3) ijoy; (4) nh?kZ o`Ùk
36- o`Ùk x 2 y 2 r 2 ds fcUnq (h, k ) ij Li'kZ js[kk v{kksa dks P o Q ij feyrh gS rc OPQ dk {ks=Qy gksxk%&
r2 r4 r2 r4
(1) (2) (3) (4)
hk hk 2hk 2hk
37- ;fn fdlh o`Ùk dk dsUnz (3, 2) gS vkSj ljy js[kk 2 x 5 y 13 0 ij 8 bZdkbZ dk var%[k.M dkVrk gS rks bl o`Ùk dh f=T;k gksxh%&
45
(1) 6 5 (2) 2 5 (3) (4) 3 5
2
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 25
38- js[kk 4 x 3 y 25 0 ds lekUrj js[kk tks o`Ùk x y 25 dks Li'kZ djrh gS gksxh%&
2 2
39- x 2 y 2 64 dks Li'kZ djus okyh js[kk dk lehdj.k tks x v{k ds lkFk 45 dk dks.k cukrh gS] gksxh%&
40- fcUnq (3, 4) ls o`Ùk x 2 y 2 x 4 y 0 ij [khaph xbZ nks Li'kZ js[kk,¡ gSa%&
(1) okLrfod o vleku (2) dkYifud (3) laikrh (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
42- ;fn ljy js[kk 3 x 4 y k 0 o`Ùk x 2 y 2 x 0 dks Li'kZ djs rks k dk eku gS%&
(1) 8 (2) 4 (3) &8 (4) &4
x y
43- ljy js[kk p q 1 o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 dks Li'kZ djsa rks%&
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(1) 2
2 2 (2) 2
2 2 (3) 2
2 2 (4) p 2 q 2 a 2
p q a p q a a q p
44- x 2 y 2 16 dh ijLij yEcor~ Li'kZ js[kkvksa ds izfrPNsn fcUnq dk fcUnq iFk gS%&
a a a a a a a a
(1) , (2) , (3) , (4) ,
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
50- o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2ax 2by d 0 dh ifjf/k dks lef}Hkkftr djrk gS rks
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 26
51- o`Ùkksa x y 2 rFkk x y 4 x 4 y 6 0 ckár% Li'kZ djrs gSa rc mHk;fu"B Li'kZ js[kk dk lehdj.k gS
2 2 2 2
52- ;fn o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 fcUnq (4, 2) ls xqtjrk gS vkSj o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 x 4 y 20 0 ds ladsUnzh; gS rks c
dk eku gksxk%&
(1) 4 (2) 4 (3) 0 (4) 1
53- ,d o`Ùk dh f=T;k 4 gS vkSj funsZ'kkad v{kksa dks igys ikn esa Li'kZ djrk gS rc o`Ùk dk lehdj.k gS%&
(1) x 2 y 2 8 x 8 y 16 0 (2) x 2 y 2 8 x 8 y 16 0
(3) x 2 y 2 8 x 8 y 16 0 (4) x 2 y 2 8 x 8 y 16 0
54- ,d o`Ùk ewy fcUnq ls xqtjrk gS rFkk js[kkvksa y x ls 2 bZdkbZ ds vUr%[k.M dkVrk gSA ;fn bldk dsUnz x v{k ij fLFkr gks
rks o`Ùk dk lehdj.k gS%&
55- o`Ùk dk lehdj.k ftldh f=T;k 3 gks rFkk tks o`Ùk x 2 y 2 4 x 6 y 12 0 dks fcUnq (1, 1) ij vUr%Li'kZ djs gksxh%&
2 2
4 7 2
(1) ( x 8) 2 ( y 1) 2 32 (2) x y 3
5 5
2 2
4 7 2
(3) x y 3 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
5 5
56- ewy fcUnq ls tkus okys rFkk funsZ'kh v{kksa ls $3 yEckbZ ds vUr%[k.M dkVus okys o`Ùk dk lehdj.k gS%&
(1) x 2 y 2 3 x 3 y 0 (2) x 2 y 2 3x 3 y 0 (3) x 2 y 2 3 x 3 y 0 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
57- ,d o`Ùk x o y v{kksa ls Øe'k% 2a o 2b yEckbZ ds vUr%[k.M dkVrk gqvk viuh fLFkfr yxkrkj cny jgk gS bl o`Ùk ds dsUnz
dk fcUnq iFk gS%&
(1) x 2 y 2 a 2 b 2 (2) y 2 x 2 a 2 b2 (3) x 2 y 2 a 2 b 2 (4) x 2 y 2 a 2 b2
58- o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 dh Li'kZ js[kkvksa }kjk funsZ'kh v{kksa ds e/; var%[kf.Mr Hkkxksa ds e/; fcUnq dk fcUnq iFk gS%&
1 1 1 1 2 1 1 4
(1) 2
2 a (2) 2
2 2 (3) 2
2 2 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
x y x y a x y a
59- o`Ùk x 2 y 2 a 2 }kjk js[kk y mx c ij dkVk x;k vUr%[k.M 2l gks rks c 2 cjkcj gS%&
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
(1) , (2) , (3) , (4) ,
3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3
61- ljy js[kk x 2 y 1 o`Ùk x 2 y 2 9 dks ftu fcUnqvksa ij feyrh gS mu fcUnqvksa ij [khaph xbZ Li'kZ js[kkvksa dk izfrPNsn fcUnq
gS%&
(1) (9, 18) (2) (9, 18) (3) (9, 18) (4) (3, 6)
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 27
62- ;fn o`Ùk x y a ds fdlh fcUnq ls o`Ùk x y b ij Li'kZ js[kk;sa [khaph tk;sa vkSj mudh Li'kZ thok o`Ùk x y c 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 5 3
(1) 5 (2) (3) 10 3 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
2 2
64- o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 x 8 y 13 0 rFkk x 2 y 2 12 x 14 y 76 0 dh mHk;fu"B fr;dZ Li'kZ js[kkvksa dk izfrPNsn fcUnq gS%&
9 26 2
(1) , (2) ( 9, 26) (3) 3, (4) ( 15, 2)
5 5 5
Answer : (Circle)
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans 4 3 2 2 4 1 3 3 2 3 1 2 1 3 2
Qus. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 4 2 3 3 1
Qus. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Ans 1 3 3 3 1 4 4 2 4 1 2 2 1 4 3
Qus. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 3 1 3 3 4 3 2 1
Qus. 61 62 63 64
Ans 3 2 4 1
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
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Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics o`Ùk
Circle 28
iwoZ ijh{kkvksa esa iqNs x;s iz'u (Previous year Examination Questions)
1
01- ;fn mi , m , i 1,2,3,4 mi 0 pkj fofHkUu fcUnq ,d o`Ùk ij gksa rks m1m2 m3m4 dk eku gS%& H-TET 2008
i
If the equation of a given circle is = 0 is x2 + y2 = 36 then the length of the chord which lies along the line 3x + 4y
– 15 = 0 is S. TET 2009
(1) 3 6 (2) 2 3 (3) 6 3 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
03- x + y = a dh vkSj >qdko j[kus okyh Lif'kZ;k¡ P ij dkVrh gSA ;fn cot + cot = 0 rks P dk fcUnqiFk gS
2 2 2
The tangents to x2 + y2 = a2 having inclination and intersect at P, cot + cot = 0 then the focus of P is
S. TET 2009
(1) x + y = 0 (2) x – y = 0 (3) x y = 0 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
04- o`Ùk x + y – 6x + 8 = 0 dh js[kk y = x esa izfrPNk;k gS&
2 2
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 29
13- o`Ùk x 2 y 2 2 gx 2 fy c 0 dh fcUnqvksa (0, 0) rFkk ( g , f ) ds lkis{k Li'kZ thokvksa ds e/; nwjh gksxh%&
[II Grade 2010]
1 2 g2 f 2 c g2 f 2 c
2
(1) ( g f c) (2) g 2 f 2 (3) (4)
2 2 g2 f 2 2 g2 f 2
14- ;fn o`Ùk] ewy fcUnq ls xqtjrk gS rFkk funsZ'kh v{kksa ls a o b vUr[k.M dkVrk gS rks o`Ùk dk lehdj.k gksxk%&
[II Grade 2011]
(1) x 2 y 2 ax by c 0 (2) x 2 y 2 ax by 0
(3) x 2 y 2 ax by 0 (4) x 2 y 2 ax by c 0
15- ;fn o`Ùk x2 y 2 4 x 6 y 11 0 ds ,d O;kl dk ,d fljk (3, 4) gS] rks mldk nwljk fljk gksxk%&
[I Grade 2012]
(1) (0, 0) (2) (1, 1) (3) (1, 2) (4) (2, 1)
16- ekuk js[kkvksa ax+ by – a = 0 rFkk bx – ay + b = 0 dk çfrPNsn fcUnq P gSA ,d o`Ùk ftldk dsUæ (1,0) gS] P ls xqtjrk
gSA bl o`Ùk ds fcUnq P ij Li'kZ js[kk] x –v{k dks fcUnq (d, 0) ij feyrh gks] rks d = [II Grade 2014]
2ab
(1) 0 (2) – 1 (3) 1 (4)
a b2 2
17- o`Ùk x2 + y2 + 4x + 22y + c = 0, o`Ùk x2 + y2 – 2x + 8y – d = 0 dh ifjf/k dks lef}Hkkftr djrk gS] rks c + d =
[II Grade 2014]
(1) 50 (2) 40 (4) 30 (4) 25
18- (1, 2) ij dsUnz vkSj (4, 6) ls xqtjus okys o`Ùk dk {ks=Qy gS&
The area of the circle centred at (1, 2) and passing through (4, 6) is PGT 2014
(1) 5 (2) 10 (3) 25 (4) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
19- o`Ùkksa x + y = 4 rFkk x + y – 6x – 8y – 24 = 0 dh mHk;fu"B Li'kZjs[kkvksa dh la[;k gS %
2 2 2 2
K.V. 2017
2 2 2 2
The number of common tangents to the circles x + y = 4 and x + y – 6x – 8y – 24 = 0 is:
(1) 4 (2) 0 (3) 1 (4) 2
20- o`Ùk x + y = 9 dh Li'kZjs[kk dk lehdj.k tks js[kk 3x + 4y = 0 ds lekUrj gks] gS&%
2 2
K.V. 2017
2 2
The equations of the tangents to the circle x + y = 9 which are parallel to line 3x + 4y = 0 are:
(1) 3x + 4y + 45 = 0 (2) 3x + 4y + 15 = 0 (3) 4x + 3y + 15 = 0 (4) 4x – 3y + 15 = 0
21- o`Ùk x + y – 4x – 4y + 4 = 0 ds fcUnq (4, 2) ls ij [khaph xbZ Li'kZ js[kk dk lehdj.k gS%
2 2
K.V. 2017
2 2
Equation of the tangent drawn to the circle x + y – 4x – 4y + 4 = 0 at (4, 2) is:
(1) x = 4 (2) 4x + 2y = 1 (3) x + y = 4 (4) y = 4
22- nks o`Ùkksa x + y + 2g1x + 2f1y + c1= 0 vkSj x + y + 2g2x + 2f2y + c2 = 0 dk izfrPNsnu ykafcd gksxk ;fn%%K.V. 2017
2 2 2 2
Two circles x2 + y2 + 2g1x + 2f1y + c1= 0 and x2 + y2 + 2g2x + 2f2y + c2 = 0 intersect orthogonally if:
(1) 2g1f1 – 2g2f2 = c1 – c2 (2) 2g1g2 – 2f1f2 = c1 – c2
(3) 2g1g2 + 2f1f2 = c1 + c2 (4) 2g1f1 + 2g2f2 = c1 + c2
1 1
23- o`Ùk x2 + y2 – 2 x y 0 dh fHkUu&fHkUu thokvksa dh la[;k gksxh tks fcUnq 2, 2 ls xqtjrh gS rFkk x-v{k ls
2
lef}Hkkftr gksrh gS\ RPSC II Grade 30 July, 2017
1 1
Number of distinct chords of the circle x2 + y2 – 2x y 0 passes through the point 2, and bisected by
2 2
x-axis is
(1) ,d one (2) vuUr infinite (3) 'kwU; zero (4) nks two
24- ml o`Ùk dh f=T;k tks (x ± + (y ± 1) = 1 }kjk fu:fir o`Ùkksa dks Li'kZ djrk gS] gksxh
1)2 2
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
Study Material for II Grade RPSC Mathematics Circle o`Ùk 30
25- fcUnq (a cos + b sin , a sin – b cos ) fLFkr gS\ RPSC II Grade 30 July, 2017
The point (a cos + b sin , a sin – b cos ) lies on
(1) nh?kZo`Ùk ij ellipse (2) ijoy; ij parabola
(3) vfrijoy; ij hyperbola (4) o`Ùk ij circle
26 nks o`Ùkksa x + y + 2x + 3y + 1 = 0 ,oa x + y + 4x + 3y + 2 = 0 ds e/; mHk;fu"B thok dh yEckbZ gS&
2 2 2 2
If the equation x2 + y2 + (c – 2) xy – 4x – 4y + c2 = 0 represents a circle, then its radius is [UP TGT 08.08.21]
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 5
43. o`Ùk (x – 1) + (y – 3) = r vkSj x + y – 8x + 2y + 8 = 0 nks fofHkUu fcUnqvksa ij izfrPNsnu djrs gSaAfuEufyf[kr esa dkS u lgh
2 2 2 2 2
Answer : (Circle)
Qus. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans 2 3 3 2 1 1 3 3 4 1 1 1 4 3 3
Qus. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans 2 1 3 3 2 1 3 1 1 4 2 1 2 3 4
Qus. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Ans 3 2 2 2 3 3 1 2 4 3 3 2 4 2
For Expert and Result Oriented Coaching in MATHEMATICS for I Grade, II Grade RPSC Examinations,C SAT, RAS, C MAT, CAT, SSC,
Bank PO and all other Competitive Examinations with exhaustive Study Material.Contact : Umesh Mathur 94139 70088
About the Faculty
UMESH MATHUR
. GOLD MEDAL in M.Sc. Mathematics.
M.S.J.College, Bharatpur. (Rajasthan University).
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lEiw.kZ xf.kr ds “izf'k{kd””ftuds v/;kiu dh fof/k ,sl h gS fd fo|kFkhZ fo"k; esa Lo;a dks vk'oLr vkSj lq [ kn fLFkfr esa eglwl djrs
gSaA ;s xf.kr dh tfVy leL;kvksa dks lk/kkj.k vkSj ljy rjhdksa ls gy djus dh vk'p;Ztud izfrHkk ds /kuh gaSA fo"k; dh xgu vkSj
=qfV jfgr tkudkjh ds lkFk oLrqfu"B iz'uks a dks gy djus ds fy;s fofHkUu fVIl] fVª Dl vkSj 'kkVZdV rjhdksa ds vk/kkj ij bUgks aus xf.kr
fo"k; ds v/;kiu ds {ks= es a viuk fo'ks" k LFkku cuk j[kk gSA buesa fo"k; ds ew yHkwr rF;ksa vkSj fl/nkrkSsa dks ljy vkSj Li"V rjhds ls vius
fo|kfFkZ; ksa esa lEiszf"kr djus dh vlk/kkj.k ;ksX;rk gSA buds ekxZn'kZu vkSj v/;kiu ls vusdksa fo|kFkhZ IIT-JEE, AIEEE lfgr vU;
bathuh;fjax izos'k ijh{kkvkas ,oa RPSC dh Ist Grade, IInd Grade ijh{kkvks esa p;fur gks pq ds gaSA SSC, UPSC dh ijh{kkvksa esa Hkh
buds cgq r ls fo|kfFkZ;ks a dk vPNh jSad ds lkFk p;u gqvk gSA ;s IIT-JEE, AIEEE, B.Sc. vkSj SSC, RPSC, UPSC vkfn ds izfrf"Br
laLFkkvksa ls Hkh tqM+s jgs gSaA
;s fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fgrksa ds fy;s lnSo rRij jgrs gSa vkSj feyulkj izo`fr ds gSaA ;s u dsoy fo"k; dks lq/ kkjus dh {kerk j[krs gaS cfYd fo|kFkhZ
ds O;fDrRo ij Hkh LFkk;h izHkko NksM+rs gaSA
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