aE Ee GOLAYA PROGRESSIVE PUBLIC SC w “a INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ON FULL WAVE RECTIFIER Session: 2022-2023 Name:Dipender Class: XIlIA Roll No Subject: Physics__ ACKNOWLEDGEMENT __ | would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my Physics teacher Ms. Anjali Arya for her able guidance and support in completing my project. | would also like to extend my gratitude to our respected Principal sir Mr. Jagdish Sharma and Vice-Principal mam _ Ms. Rachna Arora for providing me with all the facilities that were required to complete this Physics project. Name: DIPENDER Class: XII-A Date:CERTIFICATE This is to certify that DIPENDER of XII-A of Golaya Progressive Public School, Palwal has completed his project file under my guidance. He has taken proper care and shown outmost sincerity in completing this project. | certify that this project is up to my expectations and as per the guidelines issued by CBSE. Ms. Anjali Arya (PGT Physics)AIM To construct a full wave bridge rectifier and show that that Alternating Current is rectified into a Direct Current. Input AC signal Centre tap During negative half cycle>The process of converting AC (which periodically reverses direction) current into DC (which flows only in one direction) current is known as Rectification. »The electrical device used to so is known as Rectifier. » Rectifiers have many uses, but are often found serving as components of DC power supplies and high-voltage direct current power transmission systems. Rectification may serve in roles other than to generate direct current for use as a source of power. >The simple process of rectification produces a type of DC characterized by pulsating voltages and currents (although _ still unidirectional). Depending upon the type of end-use, this type of DC current may then be further modified into the type of relatively constant voltage DC characteristically produced by such sources as batteries and solar cells.» A diode bridge is an arrangement of four (' more) diodes in a bridge circuit configuration that provides the same polarity of output for either polarity of input. When used in its most common application, for conversion of an alternating current (AC) input into a direct current (DC) output, it is known as a bridge rectifier. A bridge rectifier provides full-wave rectification from a two-wire AC input, resulting in lower cost and weight as compared to a rectifier with a 3-wire input from a transformer with a centre -tapped secondary winding.MATERIAL REQUIRED e Connecting wires e Step-down transformer e Diodes (4) Capacitor (1) e LED (1) las pm an Sadi Y | eet Minch Ree wee Se ae,CIRCUIT DIAGRAM Light bulb — BatteryWORKING e Initially when the AC, is supplied to the transformer, it steps down the 220V main supply to 6 volts. It has a capability of delivering a current of 500mA. The 6 volts AC. appearing across the secondary coil is the RMS value and the peak value is 8.4 volts. During the 1st half cycle of the AC. input Diode D, is forward biased and a current | flows in the circuit in the direction ABCDEFGHIKLM. During this time diodes D2 and D, are reverse biased. So they do not conduct any electric current. e During the next half cycle the diode D2 is forward and D1 is reversed. e Hence D, conducts current in the direction does not conduct any current.e ln subsequent half cycles of the AC Current the above processes are repeated. In both the half cycles it is clear that current flows through LED in only one direction. e Even though the voltage across LED is unidirectional it will still contain a few AC components. This is filtered and made smooth using a capacitor, which filters 99% of the AC current. e Capacitor nearly filters all AC components from the supply. But there will be slightfactor of AC, current still left in the output but it is negligible.APPLICATIONS i. Because of their low cost compared to centre tapped they are widely used in power supply circuit. ii. This can be used to detect the amplitude of modulated radio signal. iii. Bridge rectifiers can be used to supply polarized voltage in welding. iv. In daily life, rectifier find use in mobile chargers.___ BIBLIOGRAPHY « Physics-Textbook for class XII (NCERT) e Laboratory Manual of Physics e Encyclopaedias ¢ www.google.com Website: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muEP8CX thP8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JG3asbRq HDs