ROL

1. Chou et al. (2010) developed a model to assess attitudes and behaviour toward investment risk. A
sample of Taiwanese investors was polled to determine their prior investment experience, and their
responses were recorded. Investors with little experience in stocks were found to have a significantly
higher risk perception. The study discovered a link between risk propensity and experience.
Furthermore, a negative correlation was discovered between financial products other than mutual
funds, investor propensity, and risk perception. It was discovered that investor perceptions of risk and
expected returns had a significant negative correlation.
http://www.publishingindia.com
Chou, S. R., Huang, G. L., & Hsu, H. L. (2010). Investor  Research attitudes and behavior
towards inherent risk and potential returns in financial products. International Economics, 44, 16-
29. and Finance of Journal
2. Banumathy, K., and R. Azhagaiah (2011) Age is regarded as a critical factor in investment.
According to the literature, the majority of young female investors are aware and tend to invest in
their age group (18-25years). Furthermore, there is a significant difference between investor
awareness and gender, age, education, and occupation.
ISSN:0971-1260 Vol-22-Issue-14-December-2019
3. Srinivasan and Chopra (2011) examined the financial awareness of Indian working women.
According to the study, respondents demonstrated significant awareness of investment and personal
financial planning issues and were willing to make personal finance investment decisions.
http://www.publishingindia.com
Srinivasan, R., Chopra, K., & Vivek, A. (2011). An empirical study on financial awareness of
working women in India.  Science Social of Journal ResearchManagement &, 1(6), 268-
280
4. Hung et al., (2012), in their study on gender differences in financial literacy, women have less
financial knowledge than men and are less confident in their financial skills. Given the low status of
women in the country, empowering women with financial knowledge has become a necessity in
order for both genders to be on equal footing. Recently, the OECD and its International Network on
Financial Education (INFE) emphasised the importance of including financial literacy in their
financial education strategies.
-Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance 9(4): 810-819, 2021
5. Chturwedi and Khare (2012) investigated the influence of age, education, occupation, and income
level on investment and identified factors influencing investor awareness and preference. The study
found that the age of the investor has no effect or influence on the level of awareness about any
investment channel.
http://www.publishingindia.com
 Chturwedi, M., & Khare, S. (2012). Study of saving pattern and investment preference of individual
household  Commerce in Research of Journal in India. International Management, 3(5),
115-120. 
6. Fish (2012) investigated risk aversion in females versus males. Females were found to be more risk
averse in the study, even after controlling for financial knowledge and experience.
http://www.publishingindia.com
Fish, J. (2012). Behavioral Finance: A Study of Gender Effects on Investing Decisions. Retrieved
from http:// conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/132175/1/Jenna%20 Fish%20cum%20laude%20CSOM
%20sp12.pdf
7. According to Puneet B and Yajulu M (2013), women are more traditional and take less risk, and
there are significant gender differences in investment preferences for insurance, fixed deposits, and
market investment among employees.
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine ISSN 2515-8260 Volume 7, Issue 8, 2020
8. According to Sellappan (2013), married women are more interested in making investments than
unmarried women. Younger women are just as interested in investing in the stock market, insurance,
and bank fixed deposits as older women. Middle-aged people want to invest in real estate.
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine ISSN 2515-8260 Volume 7, Issue 8, 2020
9. Chijwani. M. et al. (2014) [3] studied financial literacy among working women in Pune. The study
discovered that systematic investment plans are the most popular investment avenue among the
females polled.
International Journal of Financial Management and Economics 2020; 3(1): 05-06
10. D'Ancona, E. L. (2014) [4] carried out a study on Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion of
Women in Rural Rajasthan- a Case Study of the Indian School of Microfinance for Women's
Financial Education Project. The MEDP Training provided significant social benefits, including
increased negotiating power and the status of women in their communities, according to this study.
This study was based on variables such as literacy, financial terminology knowledge, and work
schedule.
International Journal of Financial Management and Economics 2020; 3(1): 05-06
11. Mathivathani and Velumani (2014) conducted a study to determine the level of financial literacy
among women in Tamilnadu's rural areas. The study discovered that financial literacy among
marginalised rural women is extremely low. As a result, proper financial literacy development would
assist women in making better financial decisions and utilising financial services and products.
Mathivathani, V. and Velumani, M. (2014). A Study on Financial Literacy Among Rural Women in
Tamilnadu. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 4(12), 556-557
12. Many barriers to female investors have been identified in Priya's (2014) research. It is claimed that
women lack risk-taking capacity, rely entirely on their husbands, have insufficient knowledge of
financial instruments, do not seek professional advice, and have low awareness and knowledge
before making an investment decision.
 ISSN:0971-1260 Vol-22-Issue-14-December-2019
13. Dwivedi et al. (2015) examined a report on financial literacy and inclusion in India by occupation,
geographic area, and gender mix. According to the study, the urban population is more financially
literate than the rural population. Men are also discovered to be more financially literate than women.
Furthermore, the study discovered that women have a higher financial attitude but less financial
behaviour and knowledge, whereas men have a slightly lower financial attitude but higher financial
behaviour and knowledge.
Dwivedi, M., Purohit, H. and Mehta, D. (2015). Improving Financial Literacy among Women: The
Role of Universities. Economic Challenger.
Pacific Business Review International Volume 9 Issue 4, Oct 2016

14. Shobha and Shalini (2015) conducted a survey on women's attitudes toward personal financial
planning in Bangaluru. The research revealed that Indian women prioritise family and children's
needs over her own financial needs and individualistic financial security. It is also difficult for
women to persuade their spouses and families to create financial plans. According to the study,
women still believe that gold, real estate, bank deposits, insurance products, and provident funds are
the safest investments, while mutual funds, derivatives, chits, stocks, and shares are riskier. As a
result, their ability to earn returns is influenced by their lack of knowledge on new instruments.
Shobha, T.S. and Shalini, S. (2015). A Study on the Perception of Women towards Financial
Planning in the city of Bengaluru. Asia Pacific Journal of Research, 1(XXX), 14-21.
15. Deka P.P. (2015) attempts to investigate the relationship between women empowerment and
financial inclusion and financial literacy.According to the study, financial inclusion and financial
literacy are important steps toward women's empowerment. However, in order to achieve this, the
government must create an environment in which banks are free to implement the necessary
innovations in order to reach low-income women without losing profit.
Deka, P. P. (2015). Financial literacy and financial inclusion for women empowerment: A study.
IJAR, 1(9), 145-148.
16. Sekar.M and others (2015) Financial literacy is a combination of one's knowledge, ability, and
attitude toward monetary issues. It settles on informed choices and a person's prosperity. Budgetary
education has also been reviewed at the national level by administrations.
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews eISSN: 2395-6518, Vol 7, No 6, 2019, pp 554-561
https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7686
17. Dr. Baluja (2016) investigates the issue of financial literacy among Indian women. It has been
observed that Indian women face a variety of issues that contribute to their lack of financial literacy,
including cultural, physical, psychological, and financial barriers. However, over time, women have
realised the importance of saving and investing in improving their individual economic status as well
as the economic status of their family as a whole.
18. Garima Baluja (2016) This paper is an attempt along that line. It has been observed that, despite the
fact that it is basic that ladies be given the same capacity to accept money related choices as men,
numerous Indian ladies are confronted with a few social, financial, mental, and physical barriers that
are impeding them from becoming financially educated.
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews eISSN: 2395-6518, Vol 7, No 6, 2019, pp 554-561
https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7686
19. Periyasamy, S (2016) investigates the impact of the Investor Awareness Program on prospective
buyers in India. The investigation is analytic in nature. The information needed for the study is of the
highest calibre. Adop ting rando m samp ling ap roach was used to collect primary information via a
well-structured questionnaire. This study investigates the shift in mindset of the participants of this
system towards investment in stock markets
Periyasamy, S. (2016). Impact of investor awareness program on prospective investors in the
Indian Stock Market. International Journal of Research in Commerce, IT & Management, 6(2), 21-
23 9
20. The goal of Mellios et al (2016) is to deal with, in a continuous-time framework, the problem of
using storable commodity futures as vehicles for hedging functions while, primarily, the convenience
yield and market prices of chance evolve randomly through the years. We support various
decompositions that enable an investor to assess the sensitivity of superior demand to country
variables and to specify the role played by each unstable asset. The empirical evidence shows that the
benefit yield has a strong effect on the hypothesis and hedging positions, as well as the interplay
among time-varying threat premia.
Mellios, C., Six, P., & Lai, A. N. (2016). Dynamic speculation and hedging in commodity
futures markets with a stochastic convenience yield. European Journal of Operational Research,
250(2), 493-504
21. Arora.A (2016) the findings show that many women have positive money and finance behaviour,
reflecting their prudence, discipline, and alertness when dealing with household finances. Despite
their middle-income status and education level, they are cautious about saving money for the future.
However, they are hampered by a lack of financial knowledge and awareness about investment
products.
-Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance 9(4): 810-819, 2021

22. Singh Chetna et al. (2017) conducted this study to provide an overview of financial literacy among
women in developing countries such as India. While women in developed countries have proven to
be better financial planners in comparison, women in emerging economies must become literate in
money management issues. Though various initiatives have been implemented by various
organisations to increase financial literacy, there is still a need for more awareness programmes,
which may include workshops, seminars, and financial management courses at various levels to gain
more financial knowledge about banking services and their benefits.
 Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance 5(2): 46-53, 2017 http://www.hrpub.org DOI:
10.13189/ujaf.2017.050202
23. Chaturvedi.M et al., 2012; Singh & Kumar R, 2013) (2017) According to their research, the
economy, standard of living, and literacy level of an individual have all increased. Women investors
should be encouraged to invest more in the stock market by providing them with the necessary and
relevant market information in order to earn higher returns.
ISSN:0971-1260 Vol-22-Issue-14-December-2019
24. According to Sah P Vanishree (2017) research, women's financial literacy is low, particularly their
knowledge of the stock market. Various researchers have also discovered that women investors are
very conservative when it comes to investing in the stock market. As a result, market participation is
declining. The study is critical in order for financial institutions to take the necessary steps, such as
providing good awareness programmes, to increase women's participation in all economic spheres.
As a result, there is still a lack of awareness among female investors, and the process is ongoing.
ISSN:0971-1260 Vol-22-Issue-14-December-2019
25.  Roy.B et al (2018)study expands on the financial literacy of women in Jaipur's financial sector. The
increasing liberalisation of women's social status has resulted in a positive change in the condition of
women in India. Education has significantly increased the power of women. India places a high value
on basic education for girls, which has significantly improved the standard of living for women in the
country. Nonetheless, the majority of females are averse to investing in other financial instruments.
This will not only benefit females in general, but will also increase domestic savings and investment
in the country, leading to global economic growth and expansion.
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) e-ISSN: 2278-487X, p-ISSN: 2319-7668.
Volume 20, Issue 5. Ver. V (May. 2018), PP 19-24 www.iosrjournals.org

26. K. Koti's (2019) study sought to learn about the financial literacy of women in the Dharwad District.
We could also see a few factors that were overlooked but important, such as paying bills on time,
keeping track of personal finances, keeping financial records, spending less money, and utilising
multiple financial information sources. Women's financial literacy is important in a family because
once she is comfortable with money matters, she can teach it to her children and other family
members.
Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews eISSN: 2395-6518, Vol 7, No 6, 2019, pp 554-561
https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7686
27. Azar.S et al (2019) The study seeks to identify the level of awareness among women investors in the
Hyderabad stock market. According to studies, there is a need to increase financial literacy, and
government and professional advisors should take initiatives to assist household investors in making
sound investment decisions. Special campaigns should be launched in rural areas to educate people
about the fundamentals of investing in capital markets. Lectures can be given in educational
institutions where the proportion of girls is higher. It is recommended that conservative investors
 begin with a small investment. Learning about various investment options can help to dispel
investment myths and questions.
ISSN:0971-1260 Vol-22-Issue-14-December-2019
28. Peak Alpha Investment Sundar.P (2020) concurs. "It is unfortunate that women do not take a greater
interest in financial dealings or are discouraged from doing so by men. "They are naturally and
advantageously predisposed to engage in investing and financial planning, which is often superior to
men," she says.
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine ISSN 2515-8260 Volume 7, Issue 8, 2020
29. Poojari.Y and Singh.N(2020) The purpose of this study is to investigate women's awareness of and
preferences for investment banking. Females prefer to save for large purchases rather than use credit.
According to the study, working and self-employed women are more active than housewives when it
comes to investing. The study's objectives were to discover the investment habits of women from all
occupations, to learn about women's investment preferences in the banking sector, and to investigate
women's awareness of various investment options. According to the survey results, the majority of
women have basic to moderate knowledge and awareness of financial instruments. Working women
are more knowledgeable about investing than housewives.
European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine ISSN 2515-8260 Volume 7, Issue 8, 2020
30. Jindal M(2020), women with financial awareness use resources wisely by contributing to family
well-being and income and play a significant role in decision-making [21]. The study also concludes
that women in Sisilo village are financially literate and even financially included, as evidenced by the
fact that they use the majority of bank services and have purchased insurance products. Although
respondents stated that they learned about banking services when they joined SHGs (self-help
groups), they also stated that they observed and learned about the products from others.
-Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance 9(4): 810-819, 2021
 References

Deka, P. P. (2015). Financial literacy and financial inclusion for women empowerment: A study. IJAR, 1(9),
145-148. (n.d.). Deka, P. P. (2015). Financial Literacy and Financial Inclusion for Women Empowerment: A
Study. IJAR, 1(9), 145-148.

Dwivedi, M., Purohit, H. and Mehta, D. (2015). Improving Financial Literacy among Women: The Role of
Universities. Economic Challenger. Pacific Business Review International Volume 9 Issue 4, Oct 2016. (n.d.).
Dwivedi, M., Purohit, H. and Mehta, D. (2015). Improving Financial Literacy Among Women: The Role of
Universities. Economic Challenger. Pacific Business Review International Volume 9 Issue 4, Oct 2016, 9.

European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine ISSN 2515-8260. (n.d.). European Journal of Molecular &
Clinical Medicine ISSN 2515-8260 Volume 7, Issue 8, 2020, 7(8–2020).

Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews eISSN: 2395-6518, Vol 7, No 6, 2019, pp 554-561
https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7686. (n.d.). Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews EISSN: 2395-6518,
Vol 7, No 6, 2019, Pp 554-561 Https://Doi.Org/10.18510/Hssr.2019.7686.

International journal of Financial Management and Economics 2020; 3(1): 05-06. (2019).

IOSR Journal. (n.d.). http://www.iosrjournals.org

ISSN:0971-1260 Vol-22-Issue-14-December-2019. (n.d.). ISSN:0971-1260 Vol-22-Issue-14-December-2019,

22(14-12–2019).

Management Journals, Indian Journals | Publishing India Group. (n.d.). http://www.publishingindia.com

Mathivathani, V. and Velumani, M. (2014). A Study on Financial Literacy Among Rural Women in
Tamilnadu. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 4(12), 556-557. (n.d.). Mathivathani, V. and Velumani, M.
(2014). A Study on Financial Literacy Among Rural Women in Tamilnadu. Indian Journal of Applied
Research, 4(12), 556-557.

Mellios,  C.,  Six,  P.,  &  Lai,  A.  N.  (2016).  Dynamic  speculation  and  hedging in commodity  futures
markets with a stochastic convenience yield. European  Journal of Operational Research. (n.d.). Mellios,  C., 
Six,  P.,  &  Lai,  a.  N.  (2016).  Dynamic  Speculation  and  Hedging in Commodity  Futures Markets With a
Stochastic Convenience Yield. European  Journal of Operational Research, 250(2), 493-504.

Periyasamy, S. (2016).  Impact  of  investor  awareness  program  on  prospective investors in the Indian
Stock Market. International Journal of  Research in Commerce,  IT & Management. (n.d.). Periyasamy, S.
(2016).  Impact  of  Investor  Awareness  Program  on  Prospective Investors in the Indian Stock Market.
International Journal of  Research in Commerce,  IT & Management, 6(2), 21-23 9.

Shobha, T.S. and Shalini, S. (2015). A Study on the Perception of Women towards Financial Planning in the
city of Bengaluru. Asia Pacific Journal of Research, 1(XXX), 14-21. (n.d.). Shobha, T.S. and Shalini, S. (2015).
A Study on the Perception of Women Towards Financial Planning in the City of Bengaluru. Asia Pacific
Journal of Research, 1(XXX), 14-21.

Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance 5(2): 46-53, 2017 http://www.hrpub.org DOI:
10.13189/ujaf.2017.050202. (n.d.). Universal Journal of Accounting and Finance 5(2): 46-53, 2017
Http://Www.Hrpub.Org DOI: 10.13189/Ujaf.2017.050202.
Universal journal of Accounting and Finance 9(4): 810-819, 2021. (n.d.). Universal Journal of Accounting
and Finance 9(4): 810-819, 2021.