CONSOLIDATION 1 Units 1-4 1 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given, Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 Theresa party at Mary’s house next week having Next week .Adany’s having. 2... party at her house. 2 When you phoned me, it was my lunch time. I When you phoned me Seen we lunch, 3. [started working here three years ago. for ve ee eee .. three years. 4 Our meeting is tomorrow. a We sens a tomorrow. 5. [haven't had a Chinese meal for ages. since Its a Chinese meal. 6 David went home before we arrived. had When we on home. 7 The arrival time of Helen’ flight is 8.00. at Helen's flight .. . 8.00. 8 Hurry up! Well get to the theatre after the beginning ofthe play. will By the time we get to the theatre, the play... cater . begun, 9 Oh no! My wallet is missing. lost Ohno! I. . wallet. 10. Tve only recently started wearing glasses, wear 1 recently, Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1. Jack left the office before I arrived there. already When I arrived at the office ......Jaek.nad.alvendy. oe left. 2. Do you know how to drive this kind of car? ever Have this kind of car before? 3. This is my first visit to Sc 1 ‘This is the first time sn etn . Scotland 4 During dinner, the phone rang. I While phone rang 5 Do you have any plans for Saturday evening? doing What .. Saturday evening? 6 [started this job five years ago. been Thave oe five years. 7 Isthis car yours? you Do car?10 CONSOLIDATION 1 UNITS 1-4 Look at those black clouds! There's rain on the way! to Look at those black clouds! 185 «nen rain, My parents’ wedding anniversary is in June next year. for By June next year my parents eee forty years. haven't been to the cinema for two months. time ieee the cinema was two months ago. 3 Put each word in brackets into a suitable verb form. Moving house I come from a very large family, and recently my parents (1) .desialed. (decide) that they (2) . . (spend) long enough living in an overcrowded house in Birmingham. "We (3) vem: . (move) to the county my father (4) . (announce) one evening, L(5) mene (sell) this house, and we (6) (live) on a farm So last week we (7) ... possessions into two hited vans, and for the last few days we @).. (try) to organize ourselves in our new home. Yesterday, for example, my three brothers and I (9)... (start) painting the downstairs rooms. Unfortunately while I (10) (mix) the paint, one of my sisters (11)... em ‘the door, Nobody (12) svn (tell) her that We (13) son snes (be) in the room, you see. So instead of painting the walls, we (14) ~ (spend) all morning cleaning the paint off the floor. But worse things as) vn (happen) since then, This morning when I a6) (wake up), water (17) (drip) through the ceiling next to my bed. We (18) -. (spend) today $0 far repairing the roof. Its not all bad news, though. The school in the village nearby (19) .. (close down) two years ago, and my parents (20) (not find) another school for us yet. (load) all our 25FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE 4 Put each verb in brackets into a suitable verb form. At the dentist’y Next please! [was on time for my dentist's appointment, but the dentist was stil busy with another patient, 50 I (1) smn 8A. . (sit) in the waiting room and Q). (read) some of the old magazines lying there. While I (3) . .». (wonder) whether to leave and come back another day, (4) . (notice) a magazine article about teeth, It (5) w» (begin): ‘How long is it since you last. ©. (go) to the dentist? (7) (you go) regularly every six months? Or (8)... (you put off) your visit for the last six years?” Next to the article was a cartoon of a man in a dentist's chair. The dentist (9)... sven (8A¥): Tm afraid this (10) . (hurt)? T(1 » (suddenly realize) that my tooth (12 But just as I (13). . door (14) stop) aching, (open) the door to leave, the dentist's . (open). ‘Next please? he (call), as the previous patient (push) past me, ‘Actually P'm not here to see you, _ (wait) for my friend; (shout), leaving as rapidly as I could. (you ever do) this kind of thing? Surely [ can’t be the only person who (20) .» (hate) the dentist!oo CONSOLIDATION 1 UNITS 1-4 5 Complete the text using the verbs below, Use each verb once only, am planning £ am putting K amstaying pare getting married b areyoustillstudying _g doyouremember 1 dotitknow q had © have been going out h haven't been m want r happens have had i look n tried 's_was thinking € havebeen travelling about j_ will be © worked t_wonlt recognize Do you remember me? We (1) ..2....... together last summer on the playground toject in Brighton, I got your e-mail address from Dave Henning at YouthiWorks I'm sorry 1(2) in touch since then, but you know how it is. 1(3) for my job, and 1(4) a lot of other things on my mind. But here is the good news ~ next week I (5) to be in Montreal, and 1 (6) that } pethaps we could mest up. 17)... at the Hotel Blegant, which I think is the details at the end of the e-mail. Alice Bartlett who was on the project with us? The one who (a0 to teach you to play the piano? Well, we (11) together ever since then, and we (12)... in the summer in New York. We both (13) you to come to the wedding, 1(14) ‘whether you've left Montreal or not, but please get in touch. Maybe we can meet up while I'm in Canada ~ 1 (15) there for ten, days, Have you got a job or (16) ? You (17) ... me when you see me! I (18) my hair cut when I started the job, and now I (19) completely different. That (20) I suppose! Anyway, please let me know if you'll be there, and we'll arrange something, [| AU the best Where (you find) .. this painting? Sorry, but I (not speak) French for years! By the time we get to the stadium, the match (finish) (you do) anything this Saturday? [a like to see you. Janet looks very pale. I think she (faint) This isa great party. I (have)... a teally good time! Seeudsusene ‘Tom (live) in Angola from 2002 until 2006. (you wait) . here for long? I'm so sorry to be late. This time tomorrow I (arrive) .. in Acapulco, 10 That day Sue (revise) . fora test, so she couldnt go out, 2FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE 28 7 Decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space. Fm sorry | (1) ..B.... in touch with you for so long, but | (2) busy lately. All ast month I (3) .exams, and | (4) .. anything else but study for ages. Anyway, | (5) ... 16) for my exam results. As you can see from the details below, UP) creeenmneennneee HOUSE AND (8) . sow in Croydon now. 1Q).. ...that | wanted a change from central London because it (10) -eeernnnennnneee 80 EXPENSIVE. A friend Of MIN (11) snes me about this flat, and I (12)... (13)... . to London this summer, please visit me. | (14) .. here until the middle of August. Then I (15) .. . on holiday to Scotland. ... here about two months ago. When you Yd love to hear from you, Margaret 1 Aamnot Bhaven't been Camnotbeing _ D wasn't being 2 Awasbeing —- Bhad been Cam Dhave been 3 Ahad B was having Chad had Dhave had 4 Ahaver't done —Bdor't do Cwasr't doing Dam not doing 5 Astop Bwill have stopped Chave stopped —_D was stopping 6 Await Bam waiting Chave waited D was waiting 7 Aammoving — Bhad moved Cwill move Dhave moved 8 Awill live B have been living Clive D have lived 9 A decided Bhave decided Cwas deciding D decide 10 Awillbecome — Bbecomes Chas become will have become It A tells Btold C was telling Dwill tell 12 A have moved Bhad moved C was moving D moved 13. A will come Beame Ccome Dwere coming 14 Aam staying Bstayed Cstay Dhave stayed 15 Ahave gone Bwent Cam going Dwill have goneGRAMMAR Indirect speech With tense changes © Summary of tense changes ‘Tenses move back in time after a past tense reporting verb, ‘Tagree’ Peter said he agreed. ‘Tim leaving’ Jane said she was leaving. But the past perfect remains the same. ‘No, Thadn't forgotten’ Greg said that he hadn't forgotten. For Modals (can, may, must, should see Grammar 14.) © Main verb changes, In complex sentences, only the first verb is changed. ‘Iwas walking home when I saw the accident. James said he had been walking home when he saw the accident, © Reference words Some words referring to people, places and time change in indirect speech, because the point of reference changes. ‘Tl see you here tomorrow, Jack; said Mary. Mary told Jack she would sce him there the next day. ‘Tgave you this yesterday’ John said he had given it to her the day before. Other words of this kind appear in the practice section. Without tense changes © Present tense reports If the reporting verb is in the present tense, there is no change. Brenda says she’ arriving at about 6.00. © Past tense reports If the reported words are ‘always true} there is no change. Harry told me that he still likes you. If a message is being repeated immediately, there is no change. Mary said she’s too busy to come. © Reporting questions Yes / No questions are reported using if. The verb does not have a question form, but has the form of a normal statement. There is no question mark. ‘Do you like hamburgers? Charles asked me if [liked hamburgers. 29FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE Wh- questions are reported with the question word followed by the verb in the form of a normal statement. There is no question mark. “Where are we going?" asked Sue where we were going. © Reporting polite questions We can use a question phrase like Could you tell me ... or Do you know ... to ask for information in a polite way. Note the word order. ‘Where is the station?” “Could you tell me where the station is?” We can also use Id like to know...” ‘Ta like to know where the station is? When we report this kind of question we use ask and the usual tense change rules. Tasked him where the station was. Commands and requests © Commands are reported with tell and the infinitive. ‘Go away!’ He told me to go away. © Requests are reported with ask and the infinitive, ‘Please help me’ He asked her to help him Reporting verbs © Say or tell? ‘We say something and we tell somebody. I said I could meet you this evening, but I'm really busy told you I could meet you this evening, but I'm really busy. We can use to after say, but we never use fo between fell and the object. I said to him that I meet him this evening. © Other reporting verbs, Exercises 8 and 10 in the practice section use some other common reporting verbs. ‘The meaning and grammar of each verb can be found in a good dictionary and should be learned. For example: She suggested going to the beach. (suggest + ~ing form) She offered to give me a lift. (offer + infinitive) She reminded me to call my mother. (remind + object + infinitive) Paraphrase Itis often impossible or unnecessary to report every word spoken, ‘Bxcuse me, do you think you could tell me the time?" He asked me what the time was.1 Under! GRAMMAR 5 INDIRECT SPEECH 1e the most suitable verb form in each sentence. Helen asked me if! liked visiting old buildings. Do you like / Did you like visiting old buildings?” asked Helen. Bill asked Mary if she had done anything the previous weekend. ‘Have you done / Did you do anything last weekend?” ‘The policeman asked me if the car belonged to me. ‘Does / Did this car belong to you?” asked the policeman, Fiona asked me if had seen her umbrella anywhere. ‘Did you see / Have you seen my umbrella anywheré? asked Fiona. Joe asked Tina when she would get back. “When will you get / have you got back?” asked Joe. Eddie asked Steve who he had been to the cinema with. “Who did you go / had you been to the cinema with?” asked Eddie. My parents asked me what time I had got home the night before. “What time did you get / have you got home last night?’ my parents asked. David asked a passer-by if it was the right road for Hastings. “Is/ Was this the right road for Hastings?’ asked David. 2. Rewrite each sentence as direct speech. Graham told Ian he would see him the following day. hl ke. You. kansoITAM. Ate. SALA. ANAM Pauline told the children their swimming things were not there. David told me my letter bad arrived the day before. Shirley told Larry she would see him that evening. Bill told Stephen he hadn't been at home that morning, Margaret told John to phone her on the following day. Tim told Ron he was leaving that afternoon, Christine told Michael she had lost her keys the night before, 31