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    Din 19643-4

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    DEUTSCHE NORM February 1999 Treatment and disinfection of water used in bathing facilities Part 4: Combined coagulation, ozonization, multi-layer filtration and chlorination method Ics 13,060.26 Supersedes parte of DIN 19643, April 1984 Descriptor: Water treatment, bathing facies, raqurerents. edition. Aufborsitung von Schwimm- und Badebockonwassor ~ Tell 4: Vertahrenskombination: Fiocxung - Ozonung — Mehrschichtfltration ~ Chiorung In keeping with curent practice in standards published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 2 comma has been used throughout as the decimal marker, Foreword ‘This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee IV 13 of the NormenausschuB Wassenvesen U (Water Practice Standards Committee). ‘This revision of DIN 19643 Is response to article 11 of the Bundesseuchengesetz (German Federal Com- rmunicable Diseases Act) which deals with water for swimming pools and public baths. The Legionella [pneumophila ard trinalomathans (haloform) values specified in the regulation which implements ths article (the Schwimm- und Badebeckermasserverorcnung (German Regulation on water used in bathing facili- ties) *) have boon incorporated into the present standard, ‘Atthe same time, the standard was divided into several parte: Part 1 specifies gonoral roquirements, while Subsequent parts deal with different combinations of water treatment methods. Additional parts can now be added to the series as the state of the art develops. “To ensure proper application of this standard, water treatment systems should be designed, built and monitored only by experienced specialists. Aitantion is drawn to DVGW-Arbeitsblatter (OVGW Codes Of practice) W 200 and W 201, which specify procedures for certifying water treatment experts. Amendments, This standard ciffers from DIN 19649, April 1984 edition, as follows: a) The standard now consists of four parts. ) The standard has boon brought in lino with the stato of the art. Previous edition DIN 19643: 1984-04. 1 Scope This standard. specifies a method for the treatment of water in bathing facilities, combining coagulation, ozonization, multi-layer fitration and chiorination. It is to be used together with DIN 19643-1 2 Normative references This standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative teterances are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the titles of the publications are listed below. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. 9) Currently at draft stage. Continued on pages 2 to 11 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst. Incase of dou, he German-language orignal sous! be consued asthe autor © Nat oi nai Ee ns ae FTNSEN Fel. No, DIN 19643-4; 1999-02 auth very Grr, D1077e Brin, hs he excsive rot of afr Geman Straus (OMEN). ee ee Pa Page 2 DIN 19643-4 - DIN 19603 DIN 19605 DIN 19627 DIN 19643-1 DIN 38409-7 DIN 66131 DIN EN 678 DIN EN 881 DIN EN 882 DIN EN 888 DIN EN 890 DIN EN 891 DIN EN 896 DIN EN 897 DIN EN 898 DIN EN 699 DIN EN 938 DIN EN 939 1999-02, Activated carbon for water treatment - Technical delivery conditions Fixod-bed filters for water treatment ~ Design and components (Ozone generators for water treatmont ‘Treatment and disinfoction of wator used in bathing facilitios - Gonoral requirements Gorman standard methods for the examination of water, waste water and sludge — Parameters characterizing effects and substances (group H) ~ Determination of acidity and alkalinity (47) Principles of determining the effective surtace area of solid particles by the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) gas adsorption method Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption ~ Aluminium sulfate Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for hurnan consumption ~ Aluminium chicride, aluminium chloride hycroxide and aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate (monomeric) Chemicals used for troatment of water intonded for human consumption ~ Sodium aluminate Chemicale used for treatment of water intended for human consumption — Iron(ilI) chloride Chomicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption — Iron(ill) sulfate Chomicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption — Iron(ill) chloride sulfate (Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption ~ Sodium hydroxide (Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption ~ Socium carbonate Chemicals used for treatment of water intanded for human consumption ~ Sodium hydrogen carbonate (Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption ~ Sulfuric acid Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption ~ Carbon dioxide Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption ~ Hydrochloric acid *) DVGW-Arbeitsblatter (OVGW Codes of practice)"") DVGW-Arbeitsblatt WW 200 Zertifizierung von Unternehmen fiir Wasseraufbereitungsaniagen ~ Aniordenungen ung Prafung (Certification of water treaiment plant manulacturers ~ Requirements and testing) DVGW-Arbeitsblatt WI 201 Zertifzierung von OVGW-Sachverstandigen fur Wasseraufbereitung ~ Anforde- rungen und Prafung (Certifies n of DVGW perts for water treatment ~ Requirements and testing) DVGW-Arbeltsbiatt W240 Beurtellung von Aktivkohien far ale Vasserautbereitung (Assessment of acti- vated carbon for water treatment) [1] Moll, H.-G. Die Bettausdennung bei der Filterspatung (Filter bed expansion during backwashing). Archiv dos Badowosans, 1992: 45, p. 530. 3. Principle 3.1 General Dissolved and dispersed colloidal impurities and orthophosphates are first destabilized by coagulation using iron(i) of aluminum salts and ozone, and then removed by filtration. Chiorine by-products are adsorbed and \Wany residual ozone and chlorine removed. In the case of variant D, coagulation is only performed if the natural iron content of the filling water is not high enough to eliminate phosphates. A high redox potential cus to the effects Of the ozone leads to a quick elimination of microorganisms and the inactivation of viruses. The filtrate is then chlosinated and fed to the bath or poo! water. The maximum person. oad capacity factor, k, obtainedis 0,6 mr3, equivalent to a treated water volume of 1,67 m? per 32 Variants A and B (See figures 1 and 2.) Dispersed colloidal impurities are first destabilized by coagulation using iron(II!) or aluminium salts, and orthophosphates are precipitated. During this process, the DH value of the raw water is Kept within a range consistent with the type of coaguient used. Following coagulation, ozone is added in order to oxidize ci ical constituents of the water, eliminate micro organisms and inactivate viruses. The metal salts present serve as catalysts and accelerate the decomposition of nitrogenous impurities. To ensure a complete reaction, the chamber in which the water to be treated comes Jn contact with the ozone (e.g. ozone reactor) should have a volume large enough to ensure a water rosidence time of at least tan minutes *) Currently at draft stage. “| Obtainable from Wirtschafts- und Verlagegesellschatt Gas und Wasser mbH, Postfach 14 01 51, D-53056 Bonn. Pages DIN 19643-4: 1999-02 Next, the treated water is passed through either an open (variant A) or 2 closed (variant 6) multi-layer filter, removing any residual ozone, separating off the substances precipitated by ozone treatment and coagulation, and largely adsorbing halcforms, Finally, the filtrate is chlorinated and fed to the bath or pool water, 3.3. Variant C (Soo figure 3.) Disporsod colloidal impuritios are first destabilized by coagulation using iron({il) or aluminium salts, and orthophosphates are precipitated. During this process, the pH value of the raw water is kept within 2 rango consistent with the type of coagulant used. Following coagulation, ozone is added in order to oxidize chemical constituents of the water, eliminate micro- organisms and inactivate viruees. The motal salts prosont sorve as catalysts and accelerate the decomposition of nitrogenous impurities. Aiter a reaction time of more than three minutes, the treated water is passed through a multi-layer filter, Comprising a top layer of pumice, an intermediate layer of powdered activated carbon, and a bottom layer of sand. This removes any residual ozone, separates off the substances precipitated by ozone treatment and Coagulation. anc largely adsorbs naloforms. Finally, the filtrate Is chlorinated and fed to the bath or pool water. 3.4 Variant D (See figure 4.) Ing pressurized reactor, ozone is added to the water to be treated in order to oxidize chemical constituents of the waler, eliminate microorganisms and inactivate vicuses. If the iron content of the filling Water is not high enough to eliminate phosphate, then orthophoephator aro procipitated by adding iron(II!) or aluminium salts. Next, the ezonatad water is passed through a closed, multi-layer filter with a mixture of pumice and powdered activated carbon as the top layer, and sand as the bottom layer. This removes any residual ozone, separates off the substences precipitated by ozone treatment and coagulation, and largely adsorbs haloforms. Finally, the filtrate is chiorinated and fed to the bath or pool water. 4 Procedure 4.1. Acidity adjustment 444 Goneral To achiove satisfactory coagulation, the acidity, K,.,. (cf. DIN $8409-7), of the raw water shall be adjusted to @ given minimum value, unless tne acidity of the filing water is high enough to precluce that of the raw water trom cropping below the minimum value. Acidity adjustinent shall be mace by adding an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate or sodium hydrogencarbonate to the raw water via a feeder. 4.1.2 Reagents ‘Sodium carbonate (as in DIN EN 897) or sodium hydrogencarbonate (as in DIN EN 898) shall be used for acidity adjustment. 4.4.3 Minimum acidity When the method as described in ths standard is used for bathing facilities other thar hot whirlpool baths (with in-house treatment system), K,, , shall be not less than 0,7 mai/m3, and, when this method is used for hot whirlpool baths {with in-house teatment system), I... shall be not igss than 0,3 mov/me. 4.1.4 Check Aiter the reagents added have been thoroughly dispersed, the avidity shall be determined to check for com- pliance with the values specified in subeiause 4.1.2. 4.2 pH value adjustment 421 Goneral For satisfactory coagulation and adequate cisinfestion with the lowest possisle consumption of disinfectant, the pH value of the water shall be adjusted to 2 preset value using a feeder which automatically controls this value. The reagents added shall be thoroughly mixed with the water before they reach the pH sensor and the sampling point. Pago 4 DIN 19643-4 : 199-02 42.2 Reagents ‘The following reagonts shall be used for pH value adjustment: )socium carbonate (as in DIN EN 897) or sodium hydroxide (as in DIN EN 898) if the pH value of the raw water is 100 iow; b) carbon dioxide (es in DIN EN 996}, hydrochloric acid (as in DIN EN 938), sulfuric acid (as in DIN EN 899), or sodium hydrogensulfate if the pH value of the raw water is too high. 4.2.3 pH value range ‘The pH shall range between 6,5 and 7,2 if aluminium salts aro used for coagulation and betws (or 7,8 in the case of sea water If iron salts are used for coagulation. 68 and 7,5 42.4 Check After the reagents have been addad, check whether the proset pH value ie maintainad to within + 0,1, using @ pH meter. 4.3. Coagulation (variants 4, B and C only) 4.3.1 General After the acidity and pH value of the water have been adjusted, coagulant shall be added continually so that is evenly distributed across the water surface, using a feeder. ‘The coagulant shall be rapidly and completely mixed with the water directly at the feed point. This can be achieved, for example, by means of a sudden change in pioe diameter (2.9, by rocucing the pipe diameter by 30 %6) immediately downstream of the feed point. The reaction time prior to the water entering the liquid head Of the filtor shall bo at least ten seconds, with the flow velocity of the water net exceeding 1,5 m/s. After flocs. have formed in the reaction saction, care shall bs taken to encura thet they are not destroyed by internal pipe. fittings. ‘Throttle valves shall only be fitted upstream of the reaction section or downstream of the titer section. Provided the requirements specified in table2 in DIN 19643-1 are complied with, It will not De necessaty to add coagulant between bathing sessions. 4.8.2 Coagulants ‘Tho following may be used as coagulants: 2) aluminium sulfato, as in DIN EN 878; b) aluminium chloride hexahydrato, as in DIN EN 861; ©) sodium aluminate, as in DIN EN 882: ) aluminium chloride hydroxide or aluminium chloride hydroxide sulfate, as in DIN EN 881; €) iron(iN) chloride hexahydrate, as in DIN EN 668; {| iron{ilt) chloride sulfate solution, as in DIN EN 691; 9) iron{ttt) sulfate, as in DIN EN 890, 4.3.3 Minimum quantity of coagulant to be edded Tho minimum quantity of coagulant added shall be 0,05 g/m? for aluminium salts (calculated as Al) and 0,1 g/m? ‘or iron salts (calculated as Fe). 4.3.4 Check ‘The correct performance of the coagulation process shall be checked by verifying compliance with the require iments set out in table $ (at filter outlet) 4.4 Ozonization 4.4.1 General Ozone generators shall comply with DIN 19627, with the ozone being introduces into water either directly or ingivectly. 4.4.2 Ozone concentration ‘The concentration of ozone in the gas mixture shall be greater than 20 g/m? of O, under reference concitions') Lower ozane concentrations should be avoided since they load to poorer absorption. ‘A temperature-cependent decomposition occurs simultanoously with the dasired reactions between ozone and water constituents. Since the ozone decompesition rate at any paint in time is proportional ta the ozone ‘concentration, ozone shall be added at the following concentrations: 2) net less than 0,8 o/m® for wator tomperaturos up to 28 °C; b) not less than 1 g/m® for water tamperatures above 28 °C up to 32% *) Temperature: 0 °C. Atmospheric pressure: 1 013,25 mbar. Pages DIN 19843-4 : 1999-02 €) not less than 1,2 g/m for water temperatures above 32°C up to 35 °C; 4) not less than 1,5 g/m? for water temperatures above 35 °C. Ozone shall be added at « constant rato while the treatment systam is operating. 4.4.3 Reaction systems 4) Variants A and B ‘Mix the ozonated water with the water to be treated in a series of two or more connected mixing or reaction chambers, at a hydrostatic pressure of about 0,25 bar 2) Variant © Eithor mix the ozonated wator with the wator to be treated in a mixing chamber, or provide pipe internals which ensure a thorough mixing of the water, in either case at a pressure of at least 0,8 bar After the ozone has been thoroughly mixed with the water, the reaction time of the ozone shall exceed three minutes; this time is given by tho residence time of the water between the ozone feed point and the oxcess ozone removal point (top of activated carbon fiter yen. 3) Variant D ‘Add the ozonates air to a pressurized reactor containing porous diffusers, and then to the raw water. Theraactor shall be a vertical pressure vessel that is at least 2 m high, with a distributor pipe above the diffusers and a bottom tray with nozzies. The water level shall ie below the tray and shall be monitored and - when necessary = adjusted. The space required for the diffusers determines the hydraulic design ofthe vessel and its diameter. ‘The total effective surface area of particles in the diffusers shall be at least 3 m? for every 1 m°/h of flow. 4.5 Filtration 4.5.1 General Sorption filtration removes any residues of ozone, chlorine and its substitution products, destabilized colloids ‘and oxidized substances from the water. Anyinactivation of activated carbon may be detoctod by comparing the differance in reciox potentials measured at the inlet and outlet of the sorption fiter. This shall be at least 250 mV (Pt-Ag/AgC 3 m KCI. EXAMPLE: potential at filter inlet potential at fier outlet difference = + 295 mV. Since the redox potential (in 2 poorly buffered system) establishes only slowly, each measurement period shall last at least five hours. ‘The following fiters shall be used: 1) Variant A Open, multi-layered fixed-bed filters as in DIN 19605. 2) Variants B and C Closed, multi-layered fixed-bed filters as in DIN 19605, 9) Variant D Closed, multi-layered fixed-bed filters as in DIN 19605, in 2 pressure vessel at least 2,3 m high. +825 mv; +530 mV; 4.8.2 Size fractions, bed heights and filtration rates Filtors shall satisfy tho requirements specified in table 1. 4.5.3. Activated carbon losses Since the activated carbon is constantly consumed by sorption processes and backwashing, the bed height shall be regularly monitored and the carbon replenished when the bed hoight has decreased by more than 10%, but in any case at least once a year. 4.5.4 Backwashing filters ‘To backwash filters, the filter beds shall be fluidized and expanded by at least 10% in order to remove substances retained in the filter, particularly any significant microorganisms found in the bath or pool water. The backwashing operation shall be automatic and shellnot be interrupted. Before backwashing begins, ensure that the space above the filter bed is free of ozone. ‘The quantity of water required for backwashing shall be available before the backwashing operation is started, ‘The water discharged as a result of lowering the water level can be retained and then used as backwashing water, forinstanco. Inaddition, care shall be takon to enoure that the waste water can flow off without hindranc If necessary, a collecting tank shall be provided for waste water. When the backwashing process is complet the filter bed shall be deaerated, ‘The backwashing programmes for all variants of this method are given in table-2 Page 8 DIN 19643-4: 198-02 45.5 Check Check whether the values given in table 3 are complied with throughout the filtration process Table 1: Size fractions, bed heights and filtration rates for filters Open fxed-bed] Closed fixed-bed filters Parameter Unit ‘ters Variant A _| Variant 8 | _Vaviant@ | Variant 0 Sze traction a mm 24 1008 . (es O71 to 125 a 08 to 15 4 | 08 to24 . 14 1025 Filtor matorial combinations: Sandlpowlered activated! carbon!) wa ws = e Sanc/powdered activated carberv = eS avate bate pumice Minimum bed height m | Sand 10 os of 04 Powdered activated carbon ons oa os 031 Pumes = - og os Minimum freeboard m 25 4% of ftor matorial bed height + 0.2 m Maximum fitration rate?) mn for fresh water | 30 30 30 {or sea water and orackisn water with 9 concentration above 2 000 maf 2 2 = 2 *) As compacted density end dechlorination capacity of activated carbon as in DIN 19605 (areater than 450 ofl and lees than 10 em, respectively) The total offective curface area of particiea (determined by the BET metiod as in DIN 66137) shall De greater than 900 m/a, 8) The bed helgnt and titration rate for mineral water should be determined by experiment. 4.6 Chlorination 46.1 General ‘The filtrata is chlorinated to restore the disinfection capacity of the bath or pool water. See clause 11 of DIN 19643-1 for details of chlorination. 4.6.2. Chlorine concentration ‘Tocombat communicable diseases, chlorine shall be added while the water treatment system is operating, .e. ‘even when the bathing facility ie closed. Tho froo chlorine concentration in bath of pool water shall be 0.2 mg/l to 0.5 ma'l, except tor hot whirlpool baths, where the concentration shall be 0,7 mg/l to 1,0 mg/l. 4.6.3 Check Check whether ~ after thorough mixing of the chlorine with the bath or pool water and a flow time of at least 20 seconds (e.g. in 2 water tapping pipe} ~ the concentration of free chlorine in clean water dozs not exceed 2 mail in indoor baths or pools and 10 mg/\ in outdoor baths or poole. It shall be possible to maintain the maximum possible concentration of free chlorine in the pool water of 4,2 mgMt during operation. 5 Load capacity factor Wher using the combined method described here, « load capacity factor of not more than 0,81 shalllbe used to calculate the flow (as described in clause 8 of DIN 19543-1), Page? DIN 19649-4: 1900-02 Table 2: Backwashing programmes Flow Flow tle, in rninutes ‘stage Procedure velocity. in mth” | Veriant A | Variant © | Variant G | Veriant D. 7. | Switon off ozone feed until liquid head = 7 + + +9 compartmont is frea of ozone 2 | Lower water level to top of filter gutter or | — +i = = +0 fiiter material Pre-wash with weter 240 a = = = Fl with water zs = = = + Lower water leval 19 top of filter = + + 5 +0 materiel Flush with air 3 | = Deaorate fiker bed = + = = a ‘Backwash with water at 25 “02 ~ for material combination a/c/e 40 to 55%) 6 = for material combinations b/d and b/o/e | 60 to 65°) 6 = 6 ‘9 | Discharge the first rate (quantity tobe equal — + + = + tot least one ful jiter bad volume) as waste 30. | Fe-establish water treatment operations = +f +e +0 +9 1) Flow timos shall be determined on a case-by-cace basic: 2) To determine ‘low velocities and flow times for other temperatures and size fractions, ses [1] 9) For loosely packed materials, the flow velocity may be reduced by 10 %, as long as the required filter bed expansion and fluidization specified in subciause 4.5.4 is achievad. ‘Table 3: Filtration requirements ‘Subolause as jn tabie 2 of Paramstor Unit Requirement DIN 19643-1 (maximum) Baad Pseudomonas aeruginosa at (86 + 1) 1/200 ma) | 9.8 sata ‘Legionella pneumophila a 80 = 1)" T/G00m) | a. 20 waa Silorive concentration 53.15 Colony forming units (OFU) at (96 = 1)*C | 1/mt—_ficart (mgr or greater ‘100 fe chore concantraicr ieleas than G1 (na Ese Turban Eua__[

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