ELECTROFITY WALL JOURNAL ~ ECE | UCE ~ AKNU | Volume I Issue 6 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY A Rama Sukanya,Regd.no.218297603001 I B.Tech, Department of Electron and Communication Engineering, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram. ABSTRACT ‘Over the past few years the landscape of the information and telecommunication industry has been subject to dramatic changes. The enormous growth of the Internet and the advances in both wired and wireless network technologies have boosted the emergence of advanced multimedia applications offered over distributed systems consisting of a heterogeneity of network technologies and information servers. On the business side, the market share of ebusiness is increasing, the Telco market is becoming more competitive and the unbundling of the telecommunications world has become reality. In this context, network and service providers experience that it is becoming crucial to be able to offer customers high and predictable end-to- end Quality of Service (QoS) in a cost-effective manner. These developments raise number of new challenges for performance analysts. Keywords: Heterogeneity, systems, Quality of Service. Distributed 1 INTRODUCTION The communication by radio, through ultrasound and infrared light are also used occasionally. The term “wireless” has come to mean nonbraodcast communication, usually between individuals who very often use portable or mobile equipment. The term is father vague, of course, and there are certainly borderline applications that are called wireless without falling exactly into the above wireless communication means definition Wireless communication is the fastest growing part of the very dynamic filed of electronic communication. It is an area with many jobs that go unfilled due to a shortage of knowledgeable people. HISTORY Most of this article concerned with the present state of wireless communication,with some speculation as to the future, However, in order to under stand the present state of the art, a brief glimpse of the past will be useful. Present day systems have evolved from _ their predecessors, some of which are still very much, with us, Similarly we can expect that future systems willbe developed fromcurrentones.Wireless _ telecommunication began only a little later than the wired variety. Morse’s telegraphy (1837) and Bell’s telephone (1876) were soon followed by Hertz’s first experiments with radio (1887). Hertz’s system was a laboratory curiosity, but Marconi communicated across the English Channel in 1899 and across the Atlantic Ocean in 1901 These successes led to the wide spread use of radio for ship to ship and ship to shore communication using Morse code. Early wireless systems used crude, through often quite powerful, spark gap transmitters, and were suitable only for radiotelegraphy. The invention of the triode vacuum tube by De Forest in 1906 allowed for the modulation of a continuous wave signal and made voice transmission practical. There is some dispute about exactly who did what first, but is appears likely that Reginald Fessenden made the first 24ELECTROFITY WALL JOURNAL ~ ECE | UCE ~ AKNU | Volume I Issue 6 public broadcoast of voice and music in late 1906. Commercial radio broadcasting in both the United Sates and Canada _ beingin1920. Earlyradio transmitters were too cumbersome to. be installed in vehicles. In fact, the first mobile radio systems, for police departments, were one way, with only a receiver in the police car. The first such system to be considered practical was installed in Detrokit in 1928. Two way police radio, with the equipment occupying most of the car trunk, began in the mid — 1930s. Amplitude modulation (AM) was used until the late 1930s, when frequency modulation (FM) began to displace it, World War II provided a major incentive for the development of mobile and portable radio systems, including two — way systems known as “walkie talkies” that could be carried in the field and might be considered the distant ancestors of today’s cell phones. FM proved its advantage over AM in the war. BELL AND TAINTER'S PHOTOPHONE OF 1880 I. ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WIRELESS A. typical transmission path of a Wireless Communication System consists of Encoder, Encryption, Modulation and Multiplexing. The signal from the source is passed through a Source Encoder, which converts the signal in to a suitable form for applying signal processing _techniques.The redundant information from signal is removed in 25 this process in order to maximize the utilization of resources, This signal is then encrypted using an Eneryption Standard so that the signal and the information is secured and doesn’t allow any unauthorized access. Information Estimated info. Source Decoding Source Encoding Encryption Decryption Channel Decoding Channel Encoding Demodulation Multiplexing De-Multiplexing Wireless ChannelELECTROFITY WALL JOURNAL. IV. DEVICEA AND STANDARDS + Cellular networks: 0G, 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, 66. + Cordless telephony : DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless ‘Telecommunications ) + Land mobile radio or professional mobile radio: TETRA, P25, Open Sky, EDACS, DMR, dPMR + List of emerging technologies + Radio station in accordancewith ITURR + Radio communication system + Short range point-to-point communication: Wireless microphones, remote controls., IrDA, RFID, Transfer Jet, Wireless. USB, DSRC(Dedicated Short Range Communication), EnOcean, + Near Field Communication + Wireless networks: Wireless LAN,Wi-Fi and Hiper LAN, Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMAN) + Wireless sensor networks: Lancing ZigBee,EnOcean, Personal area networks, Bluetooth, Transfer Jet, Ultra — Wideband(UWB-WiMedia Alliances). Smart Home BCE | UCE ~ A IKNU | Volume 1 Issue 6 2% MARCONI TRANSMITTING THE 15" RADIO ACROSS THE ATLAN V, ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM AM and FM radios and other electronic devices make use of the electromagnetic spectrum. The frequencies of the radio spectrum that are available for use for communication are treated as a public resource and are regulated by organizations such as the American Federal Communications Commission, Ofcom in the United Kingdom, the international ITU-R or the European ETSI. Their regulations determine — which frequency ranges can be used for what purpose and by whom. In the absence of such control or alternative arrangements such as a privatized electromagnetic spectrum, chaos might result if, for example, airlines did not have specific frequencies to work under and an amateur radio operator was interfering with a pilot's ability to land an aircraft. Wireless communication spans the spectrum from 9 kHz to 300 GHz. Electromagnetic radiation is used for communications and transmission of information, The waves that are used in communication are radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation and light. But in telecommunication microwaves is used.ELECTROFITY WALL JOURNAL ~ ECE | UCE ~ AKNU | Volume I Issue 6 AM radio Bi ‘Amateur radio Radio Aircraft ‘communication Microwave oven TV Remote Control Night vision goggles Infrared Microwave Visible EIAGE i UV light from the Sun | Airport security scanner X-ray Ultraviolet PET scan Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes Gamma-ray il ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM 27 VI. APPLICATIONS 1, Mobile telephones One of the best-known examples of wireless technology is the mobile phone, also known as a cellular phone, with more than 6.6 billion mobile cellular subscriptions worldwide as of the end of 2010. These wireless phones use radio waves from signal-transmission towers to enable their users to make phone calls from many locations worldwide. They can be used within range of the mobile telephone site used to house the equipment required to transmit and receive the radio signals from these instruments. 2. Mobile-satellite communications May be used where other wireless connections are unavailable, such as in largely rural areas or remote locations. Satellite communications are especially important for transportation, aviation, maritime and military use. Wireless sensor networks are responsible for sensing noise, interference, and activity in data collection networks. This allows us to detect relevant quantities, monitor and collect ¢: formulate clear user displays, and to perform decision making functions. 3.Peripherals Peripheral devices in computing can also be connected wirelessly, as part of a Wi-Fi network or directly via an optical or radio~ frequency (RF) peripheral interface. Originally these units used bulky, highly local transceivers to mediate between a computer and a keyboard and mouse; however, more recent generations have used smaller, higher-performance devices. Radiofrequency interfaces, such as Bluetooth or Wireless USB, provide greater ranges of efficient use, usually up to 10 feet, but distance, physical obstacles, competing signals, and even, human bodies can all degrade the signal quality. Concerns about the security of wirelessELECTROFITY WALL JOURNAL ~ ECE | UCE ~ AKNU | Volume 1 Issue 6 keyboards arose at the end of 2007, when it was revealed that Microsoft's implementation of encryption in some of its 27 MHz models was highly insecure. 4, Energy transfer Wireless energy transfer is a process whereby electrical energy is transmitted from a power source to an electrical load that does not have a built-in power source, without the use of interconnecting wires. There are two different fundamental methods for energy transfer. Energy can be transferred using either far-field methods that involve beaming power/lasers, radio or microwave transi or near-field using electromagnetic induction. Wireless energy transfer may be combined with, wireless information transmission in what is known as Wireless Powered Communication. In 2015, the University of Washington demonstrated far-field energy transfer using Wi-Fi signals to power cameras, wireless issions researchers at 5. Medical technologies New wireless technologies, such as mobile body area networks (MBAN), have the capability 10 monitor blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen level, and body temperature. The MBAN works by sending low-powered wireless signals, to receivers that feed into nursing stations or ‘monitoring sites. This technology helps with the 28 intentional and unintentional risk of infection or disconnection that arise from wired connections. VIIL.CONCLUSION By this article, I addressed several recent business and technological trends in the ICT industry and their consequences for performance analysis, Specifically highlighted the following (correlated) trends: modern companies are increasingly relying on performance of ICT systems, services are implemented over multi- domain architectures due to unbundling, the heterogeneity of services is strongly increasing, Going hand-in-hand with technological advances in middleware architectures. As we enter the 21st century, the use of wireless communication technologies — including cellular radio, personal communication systems (PCS), satellite phones, paging systems, wireless modems, and local area. networks (LANS), plus multipoint distribution systems (LMDS) for wireless delivery of television and internet service is exploding rapidly. Wireless Communication Technology, provides the basic and straightforward electronics information users need to understand the ins and outs of each of these new and emerging wireless communication technologies. The indepth technical discussions, combined with numerous examples and problems, provide ideal preparation for anyone seeking “hot” jobsELECTROFITY WALL JOURNAL ~ ECE | UCE ~ AKNU | Volume I Issue 6 in this rapidly expanding segment of the communications field. REFERENCES [1].SasikumarGurumurthy.[pdfV/Assistant Professor CSE/VIT University. (2]. Tsai, Allen, "AT&T Releases Navigator GPS Service with Speech Recognition". Telecom Industry News. Archived from the original on 14 Tune 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2008, [3]. en.wikipedia,org/wiki/wireless and communications technology. 29