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RISC: Reduce the cycles per instruction at the cost of the number of instructions per
program.
CISC: The CISC approach attempts to minimize the number of instructions per program
but at the cost of increase in number of cycles per instruction.
Earlier when programming was done using assembly language, a need was felt to make
instruction do more task because programming in assembly was tedious and error prone
due to which CISC architecture evolved but with uprise of high level language dependency
on assembly reduced RISC architecture prevailed.
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Characteristic of RISC –
Characteristic of CISC –
CISC approach: There will be a single command or instruction for this like ADD which
will perform the task.
RISC approach: Here programmer will write rst load command to load data in
registers then it will use suitable operator and then it will store result in desired
location.
So, add operation is divided into parts i.e. load, operate, store due to which RISC programs
are longer and require more memory to get stored but require less transistors due to less
complex command.
Di erence –
RISC CISC
Focus on software Focus on hardware
Transistors are used for storing complex
Transistors are used for more registers
Instructions
Code size is large Code size is small
A instruction execute in single clock cycle Instruction take more than one clock cycle
A instruction t in one word Instruction are larger than size of one woed
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