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  • DocScanner 19 Nov 2022 9-36 Am-1-40

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    Yasin Ykz Z
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    DocScanner 19 Nov 2022 9-36 am-1-40

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    9 views40 pages

    DocScanner 19 Nov 2022 9-36 Am-1-40

    Uploaded by

    Yasin Ykz Z

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    | (Secrons wet oH) | i 1.1 Fousier Senes | Fourier Series are infinite Series that represent periodic funchons | | lin teams of cosines and Sines - A fanchon feo is called a pestodec funchon +f feu is defined! fr all veal %, extepk possibly at Some polnts, and if there is Jeome positive nunober pp, called a period of fe, Suh bat | ferp) > fe vx a Sin (4a) = SinX , Bing funchon penodic funchoy with period on. 00s Gv ton) 2 (Osx 5 Cosine funchon 5 prrodrc with period an : The funchion fy = tunx IS 4 periodic qunchon thak ‘s Find the period of the following funchon 4) 9N2% Fin @ke +pp) = Fir @x) So @k +) = Sekar tal) = foxx -1 Sin2x SB OF pend T 4) Spnx = Gin 9 &4py) = Sin G&A) = Sinox+am) = = Sin (0 GFE) of penod @T el a Ing name Senes A Genes of the form 08 i = COs IX 4 bp SiNPA % £9, 054 + b, Sine # 0 (052% 4 bz Sina tA = ot ZO0 thy ‘) is called a bigonoment sre - puhere 901410) 27 Be an conslnts ,called the coefficients Of Me Serres Mote we see that each term has the pendd wp Hence if Ihe (eefbucoh aze sudo mat fpnchon g period or Vy Convergence G ene side 4) gums will be the, game - Fourier Series Suppo that feo is a got it can be represented. ay t 4 (05% + b, Sint $0, COSAX tbzSNAX tee the series converges , 1 furn us! bed unphes® convegena of Ire other, and the i heer i | given fanction of pesiod 977 and is Such by a Series o j = at Ee (cotosne those) { hak 15 converyes and, moreover , has the sum “a « Then using the equality sign, We write ‘ , fio =o = Cop £090 + by S00) eed | net —O ‘ 7 } called tne fourier Series of fo- vee The voothidrts” cok CQ OTE called Fouvier metluenls at fo | igive y the’ Euler “formulas. , r ae a f feoax « y —@ oe ae ( fwasnx'de Why Meh ar 1 nel: | lution A Basic Example Penodic Rectangular Wave Find the Fousier coefficients of the periodic fanchion fey, jn the Figure below ‘canna | i ae TWP ie feo ° =O) boy : Kk Fig: triven function fo periodic rectangular: wave The formula 5 wk ec oo f@ = 6 cm ° and” “Fest fo ky oe xeT ; Ms : 4 fw aba | Single poink ‘does J not affect me integral ; hence we can Jeave fd) undefined , at x=0 cite + ud tag CThe value o fou = aot (On oon + by Sinz), 6 nzt “ a . t us ! & Gee , a p= [fe dx na . ff . o aw iv [J Fedo + f Fe ax] La . “ ein S- dx +4 fra] ra{C]e teal" } = fp { © kx] tte -0I | ea Exa+kr] =0 ar q -7~-a lle | io . oo 7 [ feo wsnx dx (es ‘ a 4g, A ° . = 1] f Fo cosnx Ad fees COGN =| Tt Soi 4 -7 ‘ - « o z } so f-Regerene er w \-9 a | cre BinnX *# [heeer') T t al- oy [re Sinn _ = “rt Sinn 2 = oo me mee Jol a = & T F ; bo = { fo) Ginnx at » 5 7 ‘ Qa -T = = Fig hey Gone dx <= f £0. Sinn dn] ° -T = K $1200 * ] -4{ J -K gm OL! de + Je gine if = TL Ar E +[e (re cn Fee ]- | = K cose 4 — KO56T 4k Tl RT a Se = 2k Ci-cosom aes - ipa odd mr ' 4 n ever = ek f' +1 i nodd t -t id n,even we dS ig 0 odd ° 4 n even . bn {# y nodd 0 - n i$ even + ft ieee = Koen) ¢ [ecco - acoso) T P aa ne 2 ] % a, t 2 an Cosnx 4 bn G0N%~ UM = ee . vy Mats wa inet shee ae wiht : 2 oO ¢ Cota + bry Sinn, ‘6 net eos . rn | "Bg 7 ON wa | = bn Sex . ‘ | nel co . : a = 4 Sink +h nen +b Sinext By S04 4 pgbinstte- =~ | AK Gx 4 04 S8K 4A Sign 4 08H +e Geosx4 - -- a 37 su are 2 eee | TW aT oT ZAK ein + FIRB + EnseX% p--- ae qnax 4 EDEX + J | Deuce mat hen ae 7 bec Soluho nD eee Derive the Founty Senes Fi = It i me oe we 020 Bo ee wen gotution 29 feo = + S(antosnx 4 by ginnx ) na a = de [ioe = af [mers fee] va [fr J fuse] | _ [J ° T xj, + Cx] af (e--1) +G0-9)} = a ew {a =T) 20 ar a 1. ° -T met f foe) coon Saal 1 cogn% + [-ospeeds } Tr 7 1 = 3 aL Finnx 7° +[ . anox )™ T D > 3 ei Sing = form] |, [~ font ~ - Sie j {[tooctoor] aC eer" J el ~-PYFo " a T b, = + ; Je ginnx dx T fe Ginnx dx + f = inex ax] co5nx cosny j 1 et os + C05 AID + e08 _ go) ° nD nm a e coer oom r (= + Coen + (osp +) ait [-< seen) 1 pee 2 | 2 [e6rn - 1 = 2 61 if nis even 4 J a [fe inf oad = 2 Oo iL 7 is even om + - -2 rn 6 odd -foo n is even | ea yon is odd nm 09 | Sey 2 A + 2 In SPX + bp Sindx ner co or gE @ cosnx + bp $innx | ner " 20 bn binnx oz! W co a Ht Snnx om ner - -A4 rox + Snax + Sinsx 4. -- a 3 sae Derivation of the Euler fesrmulas Theorem: Osthogonality of the Tigononelic System The brigoname hrc syslern (@ 1s osthogonal on we ulerved xe Chere also on OLX S0T 07 ONY other interval & that is Ine ‘oiegal B he ae feng’ at because pestoclicity ) ; any wo funchons 9 @) over thot interval 15 0, So product 2 pat for. any integers n and m n (@ i (ogni tosrnxdx =O @4m) | 1 “a iD ff snor- gnmxdx <0 o4D 0 | 1 (2 f Snnr Cosraxd% =0 (r #2 or n=m) -7 } oof P + ot tos (o-roxd® [con osx dns t f coobtm dt + J oe Lr = -1 a Enrwyn a5 -D 7 ez on 7-0 n+ n aT Eo if m4r ny v Si Sint gyn roxd <= 3 i cos(n-na7 d “4 a Pe ak f BAP Yt * 1 -T Bin Gtx 7 atm a = 4x0 Lo of BD RA wns | v n q | ff diane cosrmrd st f soe xdr +t f koh -T | th e a & rn | ee ashi J . Sot 2 n+mM 2 (0-m) | oi @OLbIeyT costooon | htm Fm 7 +bo(n-m)T Cosy iT ] | nm C-m) = f rtm | Appicahon q Theorem 5 4a the Founer feres Ste snxds = finor "= Binna — Sin GEn)) =" At eer cosas 7 = Snort + 8000 = =0 y hto H agenso : 1 if c6oxrdx = f dy = --0 =aT - =f cn = a Gnnx dx = -¢ogn tt f wees "]"" = —coenn + cosa a = 0,040 5 | a 0-0 tH [gnoxdx =o of a¢ nerd 4 1 1 ‘| | {wsnx (ognxdx = f costx d X =f 14 O990X yy | -" - eH a t =¢ f Cetasenx) dx 1 T a fer Meo 7 - an AT eu {" + Gnam xz (=r. + Pinentn) a —_— en ae Qn =4 re Pn on -U — fnect |] a an on | | | | e q nam 1 { Finnx Gnrox de “4 2 a 4 ner “11 Note (o5a1 = Costx - $in?x = ecosx -lal- 25x = 14 tan? x, Ginax = 89K (09K 205% Cosy = C05(x ty) 40x -Y) cs & ty) — (os (« -Y) -aGnr sing = asinr Cosy = Sty) + Sn(e-y) sink +4) @ = Sint-yp Q0sx Bny = cos +B) = COSA (OSB — 810A $0 13 cos@-B) = CsA tsB t SIDA $03 9n G4) = Sh OSB t OSA SB ona 4B) = $inAcosB — 5A fnB Application 4 Theorem 1 to the Feuater Sesies Wwe prove @ « Wtegrahng » boty silos & fees fron 1 wT we get it 7 % f fea 2 f [4% + ST an c0snr thy smox] dr i i hei we nove assume Wat desrmuwise integration. #8 alowed Then vse obtain fe pdt = 4 [a “| 7” cj ap as = x ¢ [* wosnx dx t -7 <4 pet £ a4 nf Porc] = aldo 4 1 fo = Sy J fu d Then n D 00 [fo cosnrdnx = [Lot X An (one bhp Sin ] Cosma AY 4 per -14 vee 1 ye c SH / = a tenor] & offrged) yaa o fo antag O + Og ™ 0 Qa a at fr cosnt d Snilaaly 1 tt y [Fas Sinroxdx = [l= $ HCosnx dbp Gon] rommed x i 4 Aa eS bn ee 4 + f Sra max de 4 Conveigence and Sum | 2 fourier Sones | Theorem ! Rrepreseotahon by a Founier Series ram peiod OT and piecewise det fo be peniodec | tonhnuons in the terval UW exeT . Fuahoerrre, 4b to OF | have a leit hand denvalwe anda aight hand deswalve ak | eich panne ret intend herr me Founer wens © fe | | with cooffiaentr @ converge « Its gums fo , except ak | points % ushere fey 1s clisconbnuows . There mre Sun g Ire | genes 15 Me average J 170 tot and Sight Arand furals & Fay ak I> -92 2x47 Find the Fousier Series expression up fay =x? 19 Sol? 7 4 My VN. -J ldx = J! 3 Soa f fade et f ide = oy 2), -t SPAT a -2. W477? 3 & ae atv t ot 3 an | 1 — O * a [tw coon x dx “7 " . a [ osnx dx “0 Uy 1 2 | (27 Six _ rT (7 n J fer waa dx ] “4 f 24 [em — cy'setow ) _ 2 [ x Sinn ea a i * a 2[ [onroxae — (Gx fonnedajdy J - ea feo x -Cosnxd 42 [-aaeac J T P = p a 24 [e - [ i QxXC0SON HZ FnPx T nh? Gs n T es @rccosny — & Sine nor elt arene a fof! [aren + azzt t n> 1 Pacosoit , an cosnn } . 1 ne nt ae easel) = 4 ose - Aa 4 1 pn in eren 1D a got odd yn een yon is od 4 pe eee f fou $onx d | 1r | - | [tees 2 dx 2 fx Sinnt “ia <#[* camer) [2x Gos da J ca [-2tosnx + afr cosre AK J 7 D a = Ls [ -xteonx +2 (« Sinox. ~ {impr ae) ] 1 n a wi [-* xt cos (< Seen - —@sot “) a > B Be eae fe xL SOK 2 (aida rae)" T = AL \f-nosnt | 2 (ea cose 1 = A a ~ ) — f-niosnm p> =O cosh ne [easeee + tose). ] BERCLUS +20 | n a ne pet OS% 4 4 COSY _ 4(OI2H y 41004 7 a 3B Ba _ 4feosx es . oe Ff OSHT. oy, Ge eae 3* woos ! oo oe 4 tg tH Miter tc Sol” wHPCAL — youn 2 = = it Loy « 6 Ser ae WO +0) > wy poll rio Le © ic CN 4H? -— S=2tz yer 4 -- - Ja sth tem? st = 2+ B+ Bae - 72 ec 5 2 aoe 242 2 - A ee i . 777 — = 4b, 444-2 - & a7 4s Wee Arbitrary Period . Even and Odd funchons Half Range Expansions This Sector coneons fhree bgrics : 4. Transihoy from penod 7 2 ang penod or, fy Ire “funchon F, Srny . "YY @ Aansformahon 4 Sale on bua e-a46 ‘ hi ficabwre a Sep hi ho Orly cosine teams {fis even ( ouster Cosine fens) Only Pine terms fis odd Chousier Sne seme 7 Fe] \ Expansion @ f givn for Ox 2k th tooo Feaner Senta, | one Aaving only caine kergs and Ine ofner having only she Lenns. ( fay ange eapansion) | | Faom Pesicd a to any pesiod p=at The Fouser Benes of the furchon Fes of period 24 Is 0, f@) =4t = Qn (05 BO x4 by Sin OT x) with the Foumer Coefficients of for given by the Euler Feoroulas L oo [ Feo an ak -t L M 2 fay (0S MX dx neha L T a L by oe f fa $in PIX ax Nel,e. - £ L a Pesiodic Rectangular wave Find the Fousier Series of the funcion | 7 - ° if eer ~ans4, Lt? foo = | Ps ¥ -pexed pr err ty o gq 1442 An = a[ Lee 4 [ax t fe ax |] " +[- yy 2A = Nae r ei [ke] = kO-D . xe 4 - Tz 7 iy 4 1 ae f f&) fo5{ 00% ) dx -L 2 a 2 f dou tos Gax dx “2 se o2 I fee D7) de +f lonitx Jd x + [> ops -1 ' J k c0f09%) by Rh U z * ant] Z " zt k[ Sinn ‘Bn, ns ny ) J le = PK Sin(ny ge ino) ; Bsa 2 ae ' ig 921, 5/4 An =} Wp 9PM “tft wy $n(on ) d L£ wh [7% fo Sin@ax) dn A 2 4 “eff 0 Sinloat jax ‘f k : erbinser +fo Sede | eat i & SQ any de | os & fee)’ ny s-) 4 yee Hp COMY ] | ns ay | =& 0 Binns _ SY Au cos(nux ) + & *) foo = a5 F = | zk an Cos Nt Kae eo 1 4 2K feowg* “2 cos 7 x44 cos 4)--~)) | Example Find the fouriey Series of the funchon fw = -K € “222040 b ed} L ~ 2 2be4, =2 | k ¢ on me? | Solution L 2 fo = an f fou dx =z | fw da “Lt <2 ° - +t}. s/f k dx r fear] 2 ° u tou cont x ) dx a ae feo coshax a Lf fe cosegy an -2 a @ =| { -« cos(ott ) 4 Je cosh) av | ~a = dt 0B) 7° + [eee J] PY 2 ny ee br - [« Gino +k 40 0np inte) - ps “aff ves) °% VW | Ye % cp [be Bassa 7 fm 9 in (PI2) dit -2 Me “aff che $0 (20%) 4 fr sin(or) dx 5 =-4 kK ne nti 2 a [ote]? + Pee 7 Af -— _ oe) + Peete aan asheose nig ns PA es £ ak _ Keosnt 4 -kCOMhT) +ak — i, 7 a ny, Ta, 2-1 AK _ AkCospT ] 2 te az 4 i as coon) a Te a = 2 AK {i - ¢osrt) 2 ‘eT “foo 0d es an (ofr x aot 0 OBX) 4 by Sin (Iz ) wo ge o+ So +b, tro>426 ) not = by Silo ns 20 Sia ea Shomer ) ner \ " ene amr ae AK Sints + Ak BIE) sak Sob. 3 ‘ x Half Wave Rechipev A 4inusoidal voltage ESnust , Where + is Arme , i6 | passed rvoughe a Aalt wave reckibier tat clips ane nagarive poshon of Me voave . And tre fourier Series 4 Me yesushng pertodic yundhon ° if -L4t

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