TEACHER’S NOTES

WORKSHEETS, ACTIVITIE S & GA ME S Concluding Sentences

Activity Type Introduction

Reading and writing In this concluding sentences worksheet, students practice
exercises writing concluding sentences by restating topic sentences and
summarising supporting ideas.

Focus Procedure
Concluding sentences
Give each student a copy of the two-page worksheet.
with transitional phrases
Students begin by reading about concluding sentences and
unscrambling letters to make concluding transitional phrases.
Aim
To practice writing Exercise A - Answer key
concluding sentences by
restating topic sentences 1. All in all 4. In short 7. To summarise
and summarising 2. In brief 5. In summary 8. To sum up
supporting ideas. 3. In conclusion 6. To conclude

The students then read each topic sentence shown and use
Preparation a transitional phrase to create a concluding sentence that
paraphrases the main idea of the topic sentence. Remind the
Make one copy of the
students that they must not copy the main idea but write it in
two-page worksheet for
different words.
each student.
Exercise B - Possible answers
Level
1. I n short, there are many economic issues that the
Intermediate (B1) international community must deal with.
2. In
 conclusion, the difficulties countries are dealing with from
pollution are due to many factors.
Time 3. I n summary, good leadership is a result of particular
50 minutes behaviours.
4. To conclude, a beach holiday has some unique benefits.
5. T o summarise, when deciding on a university course,
attention needs to be given to certain considerations.

Next, students read topic sentences, think of their own supporting

ideas and use transitional phrases from Exercise A to make
concluding sentences that summarise those ideas.

Exercise C - Possible answers

1. I n summary, addiction, depression and anxiety, and exposure

to false information are some negative impacts of social
media use.
2. T o sum up, profitable restaurants usually have great food, an
attractive location, and attentive service.
3. I n conclusion, having a hobby allows you to relieve stress,
develop new skills, and meet like-minded people.

(continued on the next page)

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 TEACHER’S NOTES

WORKSHEETS, ACTIVITIE S & GA ME S Concluding Sentences

Activity Type Procedure continued

Reading and writing 4. T
 o conclude, honesty, loyalty, and being fun to be with are
exercises characteristics many look for in a good friend.

5. T
 o summarise, because environmental issues threaten human
Focus lives and the economy governments must take them more
Concluding sentences seriously.
with transitional phrases
After that, students read paragraphs and add a concluding
sentence that either restates the topic sentence or summarises
Aim the supporting ideas.

To practice writing Exercise D - Possible answers

concluding sentences by
restating topic sentences 1. R
 estate the topic sentence: To conclude, Spanish and
and summarising Italian share a number of common traits.
supporting ideas.
S
 ummarise the supporting ideas: In summary, Italian and
Spanish are similar in terms of origin, vocabulary, and mutual
Preparation intelligibility.
Make one copy of the
two-page worksheet for 2. R
 estate the topic sentence: In conclusion, compared to
each student. smaller cities, large cities offer more benefits.

S
 ummarise the supporting ideas: To sum up, employment
Level opportunities, cultural and sporting events, and vibrancy
make large cities more attractive.
Intermediate (B1)
In the last exercise, students read topic sentence and concluding
sentence pairs, and try to identify any errors in the concluding
Time sentences. If the students find any errors, they highlight them
50 minutes and rewrite the concluding sentence to make it more suitable.

Exercise E - Possible answers

1. I
 ncorrect: This is a cause-and-effect paragraph not a
problem solution paragraph. 'Finally' is not an appropriate
transition signal for a concluding sentence.

Correct: In conclusion, there are some major factors that

lead to tsunamis and some corresponding impacts.

2. Correct: This is a good concluding sentence.

3. I
 ncorrect: Government regulations are not related to natural
conditions.

Correct: In conclusion, farming in Australia can be difficult due to

drought, floods, and relatively infertile soils.

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 PARAGRAPH WRITING

WORKSHEETS, ACTIVITIE S & GA ME S Concluding Sentences

Concluding sentences mark the end of a paragraph and remind the reader of the main idea
in the topic sentence. A concluding sentence may also summarise the supporting ideas in the
paragraph. Concluding sentences should always begin with a transitional phrase.

A. Unscramble the letters to make concluding transitional phrases.

1. lal ni lla ........................... 5. smmauyr ni ...........................

2. freib ni ........................... 6. ot edulcnoc ...........................

3. ni lcnocnoisu ........................... 7. ot musesiram ...........................

4. ni trohs ........................... 8. pu ot mus ...........................

B. Read each topic sentence and use a transitional phrase above to create a concluding
sentence that paraphrases the main idea of the topic sentence.

1. The global economy is currently facing a number of serious challenges.

..................................................................................................................................
2. There are many reasons why pollution is a widespread global problem.

..................................................................................................................................
3. Being an effective leader requires certain characteristics.

..................................................................................................................................
4. Beach vacations have many advantages over other types of holidays.

..................................................................................................................................
5. There are a number of important factors to consider when choosing a university course.

..................................................................................................................................

C. Read each topic sentence, think of your own supporting ideas, and make a concluding
sentence that summarises those ideas. Remember to start with a transitional phrase.

1. There are a number of negative effects related to social media use.

..................................................................................................................................
2. A successful restaurant has three key characteristics.

..................................................................................................................................
3. Engaging in hobbies in your free time has a number of benefits.

..................................................................................................................................
4. A good friend should exhibit a number of important qualities.

..................................................................................................................................
5. T
 here are some very important reasons why governments need to do more to protect the
environment.

..................................................................................................................................

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 PARAGRAPH WRITING

WORKSHEETS, ACTIVITIE S & GA ME S Concluding Sentences

D. Read the paragraphs and add a concluding sentence that either restates the topic
sentence or summarises the supporting ideas.

Italian and Spanish share a number of interesting similarities. Firstly, both languages are
originated from Latin. Thus, they belong to the same language family, which is known as
romance languages, which is why they have much in common. The other similarity is Italian
and Spanish have vocabularies that are around 82% similar, with identical syntax and similar
grammar. For example, the phrase for please in Italian is per favore and por favor in Spanish,
and the word for friend is amico in Italian and amigo in Spanish. Finally, because of their similar
origins and vocabulary, they are to a certain extent mutually intelligible. This means a Spanish
speaker can understand much of spoken Italian, and the reverse is also true.

1. ...............................................................................................................................

Large cities have a number of advantages over smaller cities. One advantage of living in a
big metropolis is employment opportunities. Large corporations and government departments
tend to maintain offices in large cities. They provide a multitude of opportunities for people
to work in professional and high paying careers that are usually not found in provincial cities.
Furthermore, major cities tend to host a large number of important cultural and sporting events
such as, arts festivals and international sports tournaments. This enriches the lives of the
residents, and makes them feel connected to the wider global community. Finally, large cities
are simply more interesting places to live. One reason for this is they tend to attract foreign
migrants, who bring their food and culture with them, thereby adding to the colour of local
communities.

2. ...............................................................................................................................

E. Read the topic sentence and concluding sentence pairs below and identify any
errors in the concluding sentence. If you find any errors, highlight them and rewrite
the concluding sentence to make it more suitable.

1. Tsunamis have a number of important causes and effects.

F
 inally, although tsunamis create many problems, there are some effective solutions to
deal with them.

..................................................................................................................................

2. There are a number of ethical issues related to heritable human genome editing.

T
 o conclude, heritable human genome editing is a powerful technology that should be used
with caution.

..................................................................................................................................

3. Australian farmers face a number of significant challenges due to local natural conditions.

I n conclusion, farming in Australia can be difficult due to drought and government

regulations.

..................................................................................................................................

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