ss eee a eh See tae it ope len Sg tc es Oe get od te Fra Se Panera ie etme i onto Fron hues Oey eon, 23 henge a eae ey ei 2 ene agin Sa Advantage of Machine ogee Steen ry tee sa son Sema os fle Pre) Re i ‘Geet ecp Dein 538 Conarons Fring Mahing nd Cat... Review Qa =A, Thee log cia aig ct he us smd ‘xt eee a edi ss oe pg ‘Site atc p crates ot eat ta gee eg ee cons first hes by as of share, aes, Fn ptng mai a ‘Thretinitia Ripon Seteracesrenserer anes ‘somtimes nyse spain rept “race at neal en espe opens eh saneelcrnldieinstestumees Py tmnt moderne ‘sy atin ose aby py Aten ene Secon Pee isin arsenic Se cen ie ay eS Neti rtenc oe cubt 2 $2 Pp at nenl Be em ih he te ye sgthMpecass inet tan Sa i tel ge a te ny Se ne chee (Sinn oe pra tg son gk ese et ek (Sook pecssing by powerpen atteghhepantomésde sa FoRGEABILITY re ety iid py a al deg iit Squier teams uy scion fer act in Corgotoe aa anytma {ty Samat Strain dition (x) Number of phase preset Setepestin nears essing Be ig ia och Ange ‘ep mata od sy Te ped mera ar war pny an are aed ‘i Rp cs cone eg ad et oa etm of eo ‘ea cing ol The manana rng aetna ee Pfagety mle Tec mvs peag sens otra es tg ae oer patina i oehn a a heptane etiam oregon se een eel «sy fanaa aig mee (ee Thepes t mbe oeetere ab ‘ay me rlloy hat can be aut plate state Urogh eating io fe, en fed se ye ed by we ois ein el le Lame Ry er nese al ee ge Sree ‘Bieiucteing oir ef syste ee alo wer aby won) etcetera le {Phorcntoe seal 3 Lawaly se Se ae ts 4 mune acess 4 Nee Alle em oe 1 Mate Aloe 1 Ten Atos. 7 ‘Te sey nai dye ome debe can ei ft a he, ai. aan see pay of erparse Serge eens eT ‘atime Herter rer im Leh ‘6 Noceneepblemiching eq ieepacreeeetce 1 ade, ee samumanorecre oem Seecenet Pec ee eee Gelert a suameatosorrnee ey eae cla ae alae eres ere Sn Chicony Opts on ih gg Fe egg) ™ inerrant ‘math Macks ewe ate sth gee Tee yhoo Perce serene neerint Lie mare err Mm ote ele heh Ree rea as tee Fea Sharon eet hr arp Sat eee ‘neler it shine gn. ote en ae pee a pa gy wna rong ry hg ceg Se rit hepa yc eeepc 1 eto ona ee pty (0) Thestpejotcedptonaprnsatinl epi patanlsgeat ting {inspecting et tei ens cng Te Mo ae ‘oy te spe of a: feat hp ach ‘Soci rl opsn ch ecting sng fa igo ‘eri ten ee dese ypc ye. Ts Saad) (posing oe (Soto 82s cn ep- a . Lee ana any, cates ate Rpg ence S\ gtesnneatans Aetcesmcatatanete piepenear carn samapmemuitenennting, | kira ston atopic seer (3c meyer | ee ee A ces or cose DI FORCE eT eit ny (rex mest tt (Remeron crepe Sp otra, (cea Pace aay, | Seam | ee Re oe eenereniimerent Sareea S _armrttcomaes ae eee ee Ce a en ct tuyere 2) Dawes oat ©) Petcngarmacioy | (Cogs (3) Be (6) Foe weing iin aiecatieeeaeeen | ‘Sn wae crn ena of our nwt cmpruae eee aos i it me Fi $3. Upcting S. case ee Sickcecugiaaemmmemeeny Con) mnctamens euercnmaet ‘te fopog ee. as ele TSpct a em Pete bad erent ote (engage He 8S Posies +cat: Theft nce pn ein hint ‘ees a edhe ssp cpp oh mes Age a de woe sve ntl ie LL Te tc ‘eating Te poses of nh wt pene ae ces ig int va crown og Fert gen ak fa se Sens, at a ‘Si ike Intend encom dee seni eel TESLASSIG Thewie stocmeats oper mains stoned roms ‘uly bends sua robo nF 37 gemeen ret aa \ van Dc ‘aon ate in \ esate entng ny nt «re win Te po ee OH dt pee wena) Teint essay he nen rer of wen mee Saale tee tome ss POM “een aera cto my SS. coy See al ce cara | 2 Reig Tepe eine et el ey means se, bape ste ‘em too pea eng er wong ‘51 APLICRTIONSOF OFENOIE FORGING | chy imap ta en eid aby ag rine Rie trame camer foe sal campo, ‘een ene ot Ft in gen hia sur comer a 84 Me teeth eg coupling: The ep cede 2 ae otal, et ype me et eel a mi pe ct ete eae = oe ‘Ts pocon aoe in fovea wipe apa bp S10 epee ia csg ame Shepty The ies upton hence wpe pe. Sep2. slowed y ane penis ane tee ck of ese "hime ee eed aren expe + 4 881 Neon sl ity ih en 4. Saar tended bl: Testes red a Sopa. Pace eae don hee Toes ses: Sangeet. Spo: Ft fb 8 int vine hah are ek vaL Se Sens @ 2 eS. Fp efesq sa: hee el fone cg br el ae hcp teen fe oie ‘Acie tne te ile ‘Deen tlio neve ‘ecm, en ireed eperd Ft oayeig = gant ape te regu ah, ———— —, Fe s18neywassano aly sping ‘Cometh: Te eke see ph aol ask oe ipower ona fegeitmo moctgon!hipe Fevrmcyneic ie een mee i ec ede ch rote 5 ee 4 fone [HAMMERS FOR SMITH FORGING cee ee ee scene tmp pcam Sue te care moti ea ese apes een sirname ‘Seas btaacoptnof tex poner immerse oer irae carga eho ii hrm po iene Wp nk ‘pcan: Te woking pai of amon Me toe F515. Finke tant stan mo te ve fees Pan ser sng pate te epee ‘evi own he aca og rope tm er ot ‘Chesil hesermat toe eT pode poaonstoee “heyy of at on be high Sv, set mat mig uc Bop sau el ester ‘heated mbton een eve tensed ef) fhm Tse briefest Whe, Stee ms of ai ata ht dopa pone cay feengadget ee Tove ioe cee : i he eg ti pes. era et 9 Wlw up eal m FskNorge rs rua THe sted bore eet academe erode ea Fh me tpt ile te di ty, ata Ee Seer en Den et ne i oc mi OS einhcanjre Una og en ‘Sao eves. all yet 2 meats Tati ee Ses ena ae st ens, ine okie Fang ign ee ntier ite aye ee ent Foie nee cpr ee re. or tal (Tay ine ne some AeA Be? Ye pews et wie ea 3 m6 consists of two halves. The lower hal thei oat aE! arta ee tan ero eg ie Unwoene | 9p ing cs umber fps: Te ese nl spe ete tty 0 Sige as oy, cote te ay aot eo el tne he can ae Seetiteeeose apstesepne sil ow diehon te pea seta farpncry beeen ingen Me aa eg ibdbcmee nese towra reve ove eine hed. The nee aa atopy meen vee ee rambo las wen tie pan, ‘Sistas epi ine decviyoemureaty How of etalon oe ay epee doe at pe ate de ‘Spa ergscomatingre Te seins operational seein op forging scence faeces ‘et hi pr ee mee Slama le Gah acpi Seem pce wy Tete opener tenemos trae Tekan Fe spc ‘ngs othe merloeorcr esate te ey 0) cin prion: he oki i ‘ = i i a i i i i Baal Sema tease sear nee Bienen _conneaomored rere Qotreeace aa Ee ethernet eee Lr Sapte an gen gaa perce eee erseas Seuss ten ei bytePro tn en eden Pot ey, sae antag At rtm Ty et pase vot When Ie 0 ANS of vane ove | the di avy, More is te? Se el Sane sie ge a ney ROORST ENE tg AY sw Te ’ ‘a Sen ae pl eery oat wo alee “nee wo FOREN anon pes rg IIS elle, itp S tee ‘pea Ae cna! ke) ses The et ro te toa teats nce cn sage ‘Chua one re eile pe eoratan pa Speen wi i ene ae yn eae PA ety eee met eo op ican en. ro ep 3 tht cn en sate opel yet ‘gn er rt ete I pg Se i oben Pee ae Ne ey neds he ed a shed ow eden yee ‘monic atom Fe 5 ear aeons inlay A re tks ess 8 rode ies guzing face Fi 23 latan nag ems set e823 Manin abe ney oi {23 ADVANTAGES OF FRESS FORGING 1 Higher roy than op eg 2 Greer acwey nem of wlenezes win 0 0.02 ach 2 Destin geen let ep Ses ne ee ewe dimen. 4 The ped, press ad atl de tly conoid aes pg. 5: Poult of rcessssomatn oh mec la eg epg era 6: The operations completed na rle suze acon sve he tne formats dogo te me Te cpsy of pss ging fom 009900 ta ad te munker of oing sks per anuecan eight ore 0 eos 40 Opa pede eee 9 Tp ogg. eel, tae ous pti of fl res sews, lee being es, vale {24 LIMITATIONS OF PRESS FORGING Neverthe rs eager Uaioe. Tne tap ets hghrcarpae hop i.e he cot of ak ps lve ihe hn a of neque bare 2 Te difety of drag te nk note ect og i rcs 2. The process econmaly eine when Se equpoe i enw Ineoucton: Toschi lagna upset open abo nom aterm ‘eaphtopand rs pn es oe msc, thoy on et i ed ‘Orgy she gn ms velo rel ease reo ets ey ed pete» ‘oy shag td fr ating et Bank se or th ed Sa pars Sone rm aoe y mache ep rig we stows ng 324= r Pretec ‘— SF atte Sh citer, ape el cd renner “5! sik oc Sau ee oe Papgeecumiagh hale Tonge aig AH a ee akcmewomeenn at tip ol oh eae ene aorta fa unset | mas oi rysaipempemenecnatgngsaine Re SMe or ape peta, oe per nd ges Ini imine tpey tt oe oot ese shed | [Rpeivonge pre These bet of ee ‘Solna ecg. pnp oles of ‘Spe ml npeodtanb eines Ab bus ‘hapa ed anes me Se mess ong ‘oo spear Te dees eed re tealaceedem yan itn operon Re Tseng ee pe Sg sspecriaionn i 2 08 ADVANTAGES OF MACHINE FORGING 1s hpi $0 er pa 2 Repose yim 2 eee So da 0 mars zante mois ite 9 se | Fe S21 Upc 128 oursnno% OF PRESS FORGING ADORORoRGING 1-7 a __DrepFersg a — se |e eta ee nmaia| eran 1 Tareas tim"), Te en cla | maar peng iste tate Toston ed ae 5. Theat ope tl we mar at 6 Teng os som ei fr ‘ne | ena | | Eiger 5. Tap agi sumer aloo ype eo Tey eg ae Sow pcs {tharos podrton Mcp eeprom pt ani at etn Te aa of (ihren he src ers het ea emg iy te ay eo ee, elm ie 25 eso is fa avian Appear a eo pee Peano el a opera Nein os Boba ie oy Sel kel ly, anon £9. FORGING DIE MATERIATS aes rpg ned seve codon harihiempeee xe eps sso Ft sae meen es aire wel gine MSicangesetoe omits Spr ale eed ean Tey aloe i loi Ties wanes Chemo ill mlemam advan Fei oss eam ‘ude mets sans Sent ton ened ie nk ly mene cer Fecrsix roncrp rRoovers 7 Dees ny oe cen fgg, Ty mye of aie fe by ees Te of ee a te a ag poe, he ged mea he ps eran Be ‘tog oe dds te Flown ae sro ose. i Py syentueme iting re : ee er 0 en ee deen ecomomy erent MISS tng neg ere HPN SS i a gti et NTs in eee, nis 6 mE el Ye aie Seon he wll gnu etal epee me Hey, commenter teas nn iat Stra ee tage molonnnontanttn noes aps ar al att yay pre Ft ded ntl Seas i ee heme yg, orn tare pt hating Shao — Cte aude fess. Th cd ya a mre es pet tetera dn ref lo inti op photoes TIS pute 5 Sree ote $m et ae 1g tl sxe revere oRGING DESIGN ‘elses kT ine nbinton of as ces pst seems ri orig pce ee ee matey ie Sole tena gsgm flora a am ome "pearing he Te Fey, S Sy etl oh oni an “% == eto el sashes ee ein ca haa an peetScaecretrmeritetegs tee ri echeste reels a {Spttcrartmpmcanyinga te ta on tame, es caf ee Pam semen ee te gt ute in i pet ttn et wa. leone Be ‘operabommarce (hg sts Pat ate rine: Brats (acing wae se nea tach no Oe lo he re te oyna Th acon of oe egg om be eo. oe ee sree mero rena ing Thee anette eal pet wien des gear poet "fds be nee ange. Se ea [7 [Seb teammate owe picbevefeet i ia a earemelefe ne ~ Seema tare ee ag Seer ete cre * Sere eres nse rtemenen Seems migS ten reer catcie noe ey Leg rm an snes a te ate Se Seen onde en (ote ere "ie Fags, 6 an prety, EO. (th Asmar ets a5 mt ems ‘he or amas fogs sm peg «oy Foxcome a oh ar ale See a on spines detotac cent nt vnicay eka steser pene natin ofr dees os MES oa cpg saleeceses: Pockets ne orth bros Bet sp eformation pec ind onc out holes are the fring renee rcs TS en commer ea nied ‘a eed a guru te Whenever ke Poss 8 ab¥ays aGv ane A sing large oy Tey tweeduce saber of (2) Tyo avoid inp cOntous “pMPARISON OF FORGING, MACHINING rene an example of pene rogue bY porchouts vith sharp cot AND C) ging, ma by Cos vralline sructre produced has no grain method ‘machining, the grins have been cut and reduced the grains are radi Fig. $34, Spanner produced Incase of casting the oy panne is weakest if pouced by casting Incase of strength ofthe spammer is ner with generoUS es ae restricted 10 and continuous which follow the shape of the stress les inthe direction of grains flow. Production py sacs ae provided 0 s8¥6 mater tue, and improve the mechanieg ‘ccommendations ‘meal Now. iets shold be prefered he maximum depth ofthe di, \feough holes produced i thin web, ae gecease he forgnglond quel fi * round the central area ofa thin web, righery ofa punchout wo han muriber of smaller Ones that have soe ‘STING chining and casting 8 shown in Fig 53, machining and forging sting. flows. Hence, t he enh ote | the continuity of the grains has been lost. Hen te spanner. Hens te spanner is able o withstand the maximum stress 5 i tof omparson that, the forged components are the strongest casted componet shed. Some other differences are given inthe following whe + axethe weakest to withstand the stresses pro ‘Table, 54. Comparison of Forging and Casting am a Casting | pee] Se eee Ce | FrRasging eines the gain suctare ofthe | 1. Casting has neither gran low nor Sect | casted ingots. steength, 1 aeL ets esponse beter to | 2. Casting espnse nonuniform eat 7 | beat treatment | aera ens has beter strength and |~ 3. Cested components ae weakest nest | strongest among all te three processes. stresses. { Faaedpaar abl nes cosy. | 4. Casted pars are costly compar teh zed components are usually free from | 5. Caste ways suffer from pores! porosity and de holes. Se | est sit \ 6. The process can be automated and best suitable for mass production of small and ‘medium size components 7. The production rate is higher as machine ulzaton is more. (6. The process is semi-automatic an for heavy parts. raive? 7. The production rate is less com ae | SS rrrr—r— eseesrs—i—isCr