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    Excitation System

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    mozaix man

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    PT. PLN (Persero) PIKIT JABAR JAYA PIKIT JABAR JAYA ae Ji. Raya Pluit, Muara Karang orn Jakarta 14061 INDONESIA Attn.: Mr. Ir, Muhardjono / PIMPRO POWER PLANTS wim Seta oun — cage AK-EH/TalHé Taubenschmid ee o August 13, 1997 CIRATA Il HYDROELECTRIC POWER PROJECT LOT IV GENERATORS AND INDOOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT CONTRACT NO.: 068.PJP/922/1993/M DD. 30/11/93 SECTION IVA02, EXCITATION SYSTEM CIVEVIE-PLN/122 Dear Sirs, With reference to the above mentioned section please find enclosed Final Instruction Manuals as per attached list. Thanking for your kind attention, we remain, Yours faithfully, J Talang No.3, Jakata 10820, Indonesia Tel (021) 3804967 (Hunting), 3907536, 307839, 2905002, 3905004, Telefax: 021) 390570, 3805006, Telex : 69037 IMPA A CIRATA Il HYDROELECTRIC POWER PROJECT LOT IV, GENERATOR AND INDOOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT CONTRACT NO. 068.PJP/922/1993/M DD. 30/11/1993 ‘Submittal Subject : ‘Submittal Date ‘Submittal No. Subject Distribution List : 2) i) » 2.6.2 Instruction Manuals Final August 13, 1997 CIVEVIE-PLN/122 IVA02, EXCITATION SYSTEM Original - PIMPRO - Mr. Muhardjono Copy: - KAPROTIM - Mr. M. Hafid Saleh - KAPRO - Mr. Monang Sirumapea - SINOTECH Site Office - Mr. Cheng - Ping Pang (2 copies) - SINOTECH HEAD OFFICE - Mr. Chi-sou Hsieh Copy of letter only : - KDLH Il - Mr. Sudarmadji = KDIVDRO - Mr. Sai'in Cc. : ELIN Jakarta/Mr. Machate, Mr. Fischmann *) via ELIN Jakarta age 2/2, PN 12D Cirata 2 HEPP 068.PJP/922/1993/m dd. 30/11/1 °°° (LY Hydroelectric Power Project Lot IV Generators and Indoor Electrical Equipment 13.08.1997 From EVIE to PLN page: 12 Letter-Number: Date of letter: Section: 1D-Number of drawing Revision Tie of drawing Date: Pages: status: Type of dawing: Date of revision: ccwEVIE-PLW/122 13.08.1997 1VA02 EXCITATION SYSTEM ci9a.1vA02.005 A EXCITATION SYSTEM 15021908 4 MP-REGULATORSOFTWARE cisa.va02.019 A EXCITATION SYSTEM t4oatoos «20 OF EXCITATION TRANSFORMER ‘OUTLINE DRAWING ciss.1va02.020 0 EXCITATION SYSTEM 19071995 2 F EXCITATION TRANSFORMER WIRING DIAGRAM ciss.1va02.021 0 EXCITATION SYSTEM morise7 48 OF DESCRIPTION OF DEVICES ‘cise vaoz0z2 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13001907 35 GMR3 DESCRIPTION cigs va02.023 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081907 40 F GMR 3 DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM ‘ci98 1vA02.026 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081907 40 F VOLT. REGULATOR ce,1vA02.025 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 1308197 92 F REACTIVE LOAD REGULATOR .0193:1VA02.028, © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081907 910 F UNDER EXCITATION LIMITER cci9a.1va02.027 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081997 92 OF CURRENT LIMITERS. ciss.1va02.028, © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081907 93 F FLUX LIMITER, ciga1va02.029 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081907 930 OF MANUALSAUTOM, SET VALUE SIGNALS. c1931VA02.030 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081907 6 F ‘SUB PROCESSORS A.B; C ciga.va02.031 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081007 20 POWER SYSTEM STABILIZER ciss.vac2.032 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081907 4 F ERROR MASKS. c93,1vA02.039, 0 EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081957 920 F ROTOR TEMP. MEASUREMENT Cirata 2 HEPP 068.PJP/922/1993/m dd. 30/11/1' °° ALY Hydroelectric Power Project Lot IV Generators and Indoor Electrical Equipment 13.08.1997 From EVIE to PLN page: 2/2, Letter-Aumber: Date of letter: Section: 1D-Number of drawing: Revision Tile of arawing Date: Pages: status: “Type of crawing: Date of revision: ‘Taaivaonoss 0 EXCITATION SYSTEM Ta0stes7 DIODEN GLEICHRICHTER OBERWACHUNG cigs.iva02.035 0 EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081997 19 F GMR 3 MODULE CATALOG ci93,VA02037 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081997 17 F ELTERM GMR ARRANGEMENT DRAWING 2,vA02.038 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081997 10 F ELTAS GMR 3 SOFTWARE 93.:1VA02.030 © EXCITATION SYSTEM ta0et9o7 11 ‘SHUNTFIELD STATIC ciss.1va02.040 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13081907 9 'STABILISIERUNGSZUSATZ ciss.vaca.043 © EXCITATION SYSTEM 13.08.1907 108 F DESCRIPTION OF DEVICES. 4 (PPIPPIPP PPP I [_staus_| TESCRPTON Tose | pree | oxo | aPpe Ba) PT. PLN (PERSERQ) _PUSAT PELAYANA ENJINIRING CIRATA Il HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER PROJECT (4x125MW) CONTRACT No. 068PJP/922/19' A Austropwira @ | cio3ivaoz021 INITIALS, | j Ore EXCITATION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION OF DEVICES AK-KH List of contents : 1) Ci93.IVA02.021 / 046; 2.) CiI93.1IVA02022 / 035; Cex [DRAWN [25/07/57] WELL [Kunde /PURCH. | PTPLN (PERSERO) T L [ aH TiN Ver. JORAWLST_[k/MDetum /D4 Tl Bear. /OES. wna! COVERSHE! EXIT DESCRIPTION 0 ci93.ua02.021 CAD Aasto2 E5270 eat 2 Tag 3523794 | Bite A BI AY Bln Energieversorgung GmbH! CIRATA Il HYDROELECTRIC POWER PROJECT LOT IV, GENERATORS AND INDOOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT CONTRACT No : 088,PJP/922/1993/M OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL CLAUSE NO. IVA2 ITEM EXCITATION SYSTEM MANUFACTURER, ELIN Energieversorgung GmbH / AUSTRIA omencooe CIRATA II Ay ‘Hin fnergieverso Gob jue HYDROELECTRIC POWER PROJECT PT. PLN (PERSERO) CONTRACT AGREEMENT NO: 068.PJP/922/1993/M LOT IV EXCITATION AND VOLTAGE REGULATION DESCRIPTION Project - No. 212.30026 Design: Date: 28.08.56 Elin Drawing No. Check: Pages: Tof2 3523794 ou CIRATA Il DESCRIPTION OF EXCITATION CONTENTS (1) Operation Manual Summary (2) Technical Data (3) Power Stage (4) Regulation (8) Control Equipment, Operation (6) Supervision and Signalling (7) Settings and Scalings Maintenance and Trouble Shooting (9) | GMR3 Description Voltage Regulator 4-626 809 GMR3 Description of Program 4-626 811 4-626 813, 815, 817, 819, 821, 823, 825, 827 MP - Regulator Software 4-637 462 Module Catalog 4-626 831 elterm GMR 4-626 807 Eltas GMR3 Software 3-510 579 . Transfer Function AVR 4-340 770 PSS 3-510 597 Excitation Transformer Field Discharge Breaker Thyristors, Fuses, Diodes Auxilliary Relays Generator Curves, Test Certificates Fenstcov.n0c Page 2/2 BRITT KIM CIRATA II HYDROELECTRIC POWER PROJECT PT. PLN (PERSERO) CONTRACT AGREEMENT NO: 088.PJP/922/1993/M LOT IV EXCITATION AND VOLTAGE REGULATION DESCRIPTION OF DEVICES OPERATION-, MAINTENANCE- & TROUBLE SHOOTING MANUAL, Project No 321230026 [Design: Date: 27.08.96 Elin Drawing Now Check: Pages Tot 41 zeozaoe Ime Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System TM] CAUTION Instaling, commissioning and operating of this product may be performed by thorougly trained| and specialized personnel * only. We explicitly will not take any responsibility for any damage on our products caused by| improper installation, configuration and handling. Intemal modifications must solely be carried out by specialized personnel authorized by ELIN Energieversorgung GmbH / Department AK - SE. * Definition: Specialized personnel, when authorized and property instructed, may perform following tasks. /+ Installing, mounting, commissioning and operating of the apparatus and the system when familiar with. Maintenance and application of safety gear according to Standard Rules and Regulations. WARNING Insulation- or high voltage tester may only be used for checking the insulation of the power part. High voltages applied to the electronic circuits could damage the sensitive microprocessor elements and ICs. TABLE OF CONTENTS 4. SUMMARY. Excitation Transformer. Gompact Thyristor Rectifier... Field Flashing... AC Overvoltage Protection DC Overvoltage Protection. De-Excitation Equipment Test Operation Control and Regi Transfer of COntrOl nun Monitoring and Interface Housing wn. 2. TECHNICAL DATA...... 2.1 Generator... 2.2 Excitation Transformer. 2.3 Thyristor Converter... 2.4 Ventilation Unit... 2.5 Field Discharge Device 2.6 Overvoltage Protection 2.7 Field Flashing b SSov0ee® WIs9VGHGHUE AK-SE/Go/ THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 2/41 3523794 /o7 Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System 3. POWER STAGE 3.4 Excitation Transformer... 3.2 Excitation Power Supply 3.3 Thyristor Conver 3.4 Ventilation Device. 3.5 Overvoltage Protection ... 3.8 Test Supply. 3.9 Polarity Reversing Link 4, REGULATION 4.1 Arrangement of Devices.. 4.2 Regulator Voltage Supply. 4.3 Actual Value Board (IWK) . 4.4 Regulator and Gate Control. 4.4.4 Signal Processing Card SAB (AS)... 4.4.2 Subprocessor Board PIM (Ad) 4.4.3 Main Processor Board MRB (A2) ‘544 Distal np Board DBRD ALT ATA) AE Diotal Cutest Board DAZ (A) 4.5 Program (Software), 4.8 Supervision . 4.7 Pulse Distribution ( ) : 4.8 Activating Limiters and Regulator Functions, 5. CONTROL EQUIPMENT, OPERATION. 5.1 Drawing System 5.2 Power Supply. 5.3 Automatic-Operation 5.4 Manual-Operation 5.5 Change-Over Features. 5.6 Excitation Shut-Down. 5.7 Line Charging... 5.8 TeStINg 6. SUPERVISION AND SIGNALLING... 6.1 Alarms and Trips.. 6.2 Error Masks. 6.3 Thyristor Fuse Supervision.. 6.4 Not Supervised Fuses.. 7. SETTINGS AND SCALINGS. 7.1 Hardware Settings... 7.2 Software Settings. 8, MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLE SHOOTING. 8.1 Maintenance 8.2 Trouble Shooting 8.2.1 Equipment 8.22 Regulator & Gate Control 8.2.3 Thyristor Converter... 8.3 List of Spare Parts. AK-SE/Go / THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 3/41 3523794 /oog pero Maa CIRATA II - Excitation System TM a: SUMMARY This shuntfield excitation system is of a wellproven and nearly maintenance free design characterized by the use of thyristor type converters as power elements. The exciter energy is taken from the generator busbar, and supplied to the field via a transformer and a converter. Control of the field voltage is effected by gate control of the thyristors. The basic function is shown on the Excitation Single Line Diagram. The HV-winding of the excitation transformer is connected to the generator terminals. The secondary winding of the transformer feeds the excitation AC-bus. To this bus 4 fully controlled thyristor bridges are connected, each mounted into one cabinet. The outputs of the bridges are connected to the DC-busbar. The thyristors are forced air-cooled by 2 fans (one of them standby) mounted in the ventilation box on the top of the cubicles. From the DC-bus the excitation feeds the rotor via field circuit breaker and polarity changing link (assuring equal abrasing of brushes). To the AC-bus are connected: - excitation transformer = AC over-voltage protection - AC surge-voltage damping circuitry = transformers for protection and excitation current sensing = feeder for regulation and gate control + feeder for fans = thyristor converters To the DC-bus are connected: - thyristor converters - field flashing equipment = DC overvoltage protection = DC surge-voltage damping circuitry = field voltage and current sensing = field circuit breaker + field discharge resistor = field polarity changing link Excitation Transformer The excitation transformer consists of one resin type three phase transformers, mounted into one steel walled enclosure with bushings and fianges for the connection to the high voltage insulated phase bus system (IPB). The transformer is designed for natural cooling. Three PTC resistance elements (1 element in each core) are installed for temperature detection purposes. Six PTC sensors (2 sensor in each coil) are provided for winding temperature waming and trip. The monitoring devices connected to the sensors are mounted in the excitation system control cubicle. AK-SE/Go / THEDESCR DOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 4/41 352379 4/009 Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System [EM] Compact Thyristor Rectifier Each thyristor bridge is mounted with its accessories into one cubicie. One rectifier is assembied into two stacks of three thyristors each. Each thyristor is fused by supervised ultrafast semiconductor fuses and controlled by individual gate pulse amplifiers. The wave form of the gate pulses and bushing type ferrit cores in each arm of the rectifiers assure equal dynamic current division among the bridges. For the damping of voltage peaks an RC-assembly is connected to the AC-side of each rectifier, and each thyristor is paralleled with a surge absorbing snubber circuit. The semi-bridge currents are indicated by ammeters mounted in the front door of the thyristor cabinets. The rectifiers are equipped with a thyristor current surveillance-system. ‘A cooling device consisting of two fans (one of them standby) is mounted into a cooling box located on top of the thyristor rectifier unit. Completely assembled the head panels of the thyristor cabinets and the cooling compartment form one common air duct. The cooling is succed through air inlets (covered with dust fiiters) in the doors of the thyristor cabinets and passes the heat dissipators of the thyristor stacks from bottom to top into the air duct. The fan in operation exhausts the air through the silencer into the room. if this fan fails the stand-by fan will start automatically. The differential pressure of the common air duct is supervised. The fans will be fed from the excitation AC-bus during normal operation and from the station service AC voltage during the line charging mode. The supervision of the SCRs (.e. supervision of fuse failure, cooling air pressure drop, fans, etc.) is implemented in the electronic control equipment of the excitation system. Field Flashing The energy is taken from the station battery. With start of excitation the field flashing contactor closes. At appr. 5% of the rated generator voltage the thyristor converter starts operating and rises the voltage up to the rated value. When an exciter current is detected on the AC-bus - the contactor opens. AC Overvoltage Protection Voltage peaks at the AC-bus are limited by an assembly of selenium type overvoltage limiters, DC Overvoltage Protection This circuitry consists of two antiparallel thyristors and a supervision relay. The thyristors are controlled by trigger-modules. If the DC-voltage exceeds the trigger level of one of the trigger- modules the corresponding thyristor will be ignited and short-circuits the DC-bus via the field discharge resistor. A supervision relay initializes a trip signal for excitation control and field breaker. AK-SE/G0/ THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 5/41 352379 4/010 Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System EM De-Excitation Equipment The field breaker is a DC-contactor with two main contacts and one overlapping discharge contact. The contactor will be opened by any trip signal immediately thus breaking the DC-supply, and the discharge contact connects a non linear resistor to the field without interruption of the field circuit. The contactor is equipped with two trip coils for release (one thereof for the back-up protection). ‘At operational shut downs the field current will be decreased by SCR's inverter operation, and the contactor will be opened currentiessly. Test Operation For special tests (short-circuit tests, commissioning, heat run, ..) one of the 400V house service transformers can be connected tor the excitation equipment. With this supply the excitation can be enegized separately from the station supply and operated in manual mode up to no-load values independent from the generator terminal voltage. Control and Regulation The control and regulation device is designed in yP-technology. The logic control covers the correct operation of all parts of the excitation system during start, stop, trip sequences and static operation modes (automatic, manual, brake operation). This design reduces the external amount of control to simple excitation ON-OFF or set point RAISE-LOWER commands. Supervision, shut- down and alarm-monitening is separate and independent on the function of the processor units The device provides automatic and manual regulation features. It consists of two controlloops in master-slave connection. The master is a voltage regulator and controls the generator voltage dependent on the voltage set value. It has Pl(D)-characteristic with an intemal integrator-stage feed back. The slave is a field current regulator with P-characteristic. Due to this double loop structure with internal feed back high control speed and stability at all loads can be archieved. For the generator values an actual-value sensing device is provided. The field current is sensed at the excitation AC-busbar. The following functions are installed in the regulator: = Max. field current limitation undelayed, controlling the max. permissible ceiling current. Max. field current limitation with overcurrent dependent time delay, controlling the max. permissible continuous field current. = Min. field current limitation undelayed, controlling the min. permissible field current (acc. to load diagram of generator). = Reactive and active generator current droop. = Stator current limitation with overcurrent dependent time delay for lagging and leading loads. - Load angle limitation, undelayed. - Volts/Hertz limiter. = Power system stabilizer using an active power signal with limitable output signals. For manual operation the second loop (slave) of the regulator is used to control the field current dependent on the manual operation set value. The actual current is sensed at the AC-bus of the excitation system AKSE/Go/ THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 6/41 35237¢4/ou Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System AM The power supply of the control device is fed from the excitation AC-bus, and an additional backup from the station battery ensures proper function at start up of excitation. Transfer of Control ‘The transfer of the operation from automatic to manual mode and back is alwais possible without balancing. The two digital set values are always balanced automatically. ‘The regulator is equipped with an automatic transfer from voltage regulation (automatic) mode to field current regulation (manual) mode in case the generator voltage sensing fails. Monitoring and Interface Following features are provided: Input, output signal conditioning (interface to other systems of the power station). ‘Supervision of excitation inci. alarm and/or trip outputs. Local alarm indication, 2-function type (alarm pending, alarm reset), with common reset. Local operation facilities. Local indication of various generator quantities. ‘Transducer for the rotor current. Housing The electronic circuits (regulation, control, power supplies) are assembled in 19"-racks and mounted on a hinged frame. ‘The complete excitation system is mounted into steel sheet cubicles with doors on front and back- side. For maintenance the back-side of the cubicles must be accessible. Special care has been taken to easy accessibility for maintenance. AK-SE/G0/ THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 7/41 3525794 Joa ee Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System [TUM 2. TECHNICAL DATA Shuntfield excitation system. Rated values: Field voltage 220V DC Field current 1830 A DC Ceiling values, 10 seconds: Field voltage 425 V DC Field current 3500 A DC Test voltage 3 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min 24 Generator Rated capacity 140 MVA Power factor 0.9 Rated voltage 16.5 kV Rated frequency 50 Hz Speed 187.5 pm Field values at rated voltage: No load 998 A, 94.V Rated load, pf = 0.9 1589 A, 215 V 2.2 Excitation Transformer Three-phase converter transformer, cast resin type, mounted into a cubicle, for indoor mounting and natural cooling, Type resin insulated, class H Rated load 1174 kVA cont.duty Prim.voltage 16.5 kV, 50 Hz Sec. voltage 383 V Cooling AN (natural cooled) impedance voltage 6% Vector group Ya11 Grounded shield between HV- and LV-winding, Temperature measurement. 1 PT100 ‘Temperature supervision: 9 thermistors (one in each phase for coil-alarm, coil-trip and core trip) AK-SE/GO/ THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1995 B212.30026 Page 8/41 3523794 ow Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System AMY 23 Thyristor Converter Fully controlled, six-pulse converter in three-phase bridge connection No. of parallel bridges Layout No. of thyristors per bridge Thyristor type Heat sink Peak reverse voltage Unm ‘Admissible continuous current at 45°C ambient Cooling air 4 nt 6 SSTP 18 F1600 YAP 3-05 1600 V 1 bridge: 900 A each bridge 300 liters/second With n#1 layout a fault on one bridge does not restrict full operation capability. 24 Ventilation Unit ‘Two centrifugal-type fans and motors assembled in a steel walled vacuum vessel including 2 silencer, located on top of the rectifier cubicles. Fan Air performance Stat. pressure Motor Rating Speed Flange type Protection Air pressure supervision by differential pressure switch. Type Range 2.5 Field Circuit Breaker Rated current Rated voltage Max. braking current Max. braking voltage Drive Release (operating current type): Field Discharge Device Field Discharge Resistor Maximum current Maximum voltage Energy absorption Characteristic 4200 mh 950 Pa LKM610K04 2,2 KW, 3x400 V, 50 Hz 1400 rpm va IP 54 c6045D 1...10 mbar CEX75-2000 2000 A 600 V DC 20000 A 1000 V solenoid, 110 V DC 2 solenoids, 110 V DC 75.20.22 4300 A 900 V 2200 kJ voltage depending |AK-SE/Go / THEOESCR.0OC issued: 27.08.1995 B212.30026 Page 9/41 352379 4 /ory Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System YM 2.6 Overvoltage Protection AC-busbar: Overvoltage absorber 6xST450P 1020-850EA Rated voltage 450V AC Threshold voltage 1020 V Surge current 650A DC-busbar: . Overvoltage trigger 2x UST3, 1000 V Thyristor 2x SSTP 18 F1600, YAP3-05 Curr.limiting resistor field discharge resistor Trip relay RS 31, 24 VOC 27 Field Flashing Field flashing current typ. 100A DC Field flashing time typ. 4 sec 0C-contactor CAV 1-150 Rated current 150A Solenoid 110 Voc Blocking SKKD162/16, P3/120 Current Limiting Resistor WII 50/8pp, 0,34 Ohm, 724 [AK-SE/Go / THSDESCR DOC issued 27.08.1868 B212,30026 Page 10/41 352379 4/045 Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System FELING 3. POWER STAGE For Circuit Diagram see drawings 4 637 465. All parts of excitation (excl. excitation transformer) are mounted in 10 cubicles. The arrangement and assembly is shown in the drawings 4 637 478 and 4 637 480. 34 Excitation Transformer The excitation transformer AP-T41 is a dry type cast resin three-phase transformer designed for natural cooling, It is installed in a metal casing with flanges for the connection to the insulated phase bus system. It is located in the power-house floor (B-1F) EL.92.50 between excitation cubicles and generator bus duct. The HV-side is permanently connected to the generator bus. In each flange a bushing type current transformer +AP-T1...73 is installed for external application. For the transformer temperature supervision 2 PTC-elements are provided in each phase; one for waming, one for trip. The PTC-elements are connected to the temperature detection devices 4+J002-A111 and -A112. Additionally 1 PT100-resistor is installed and connected to the terminal. 3.2 Excitation Power Supply The power supply for excitation can be fed from the excitation transformer ET (during normal operation) or from the station service transformer (during generator tests). The excitation transformer secondary winding feeds the excitation system AC-bus via the cabinet +JD08. Terminal bars are mounted at the bottom of this cabinet. They serve as connection points for the transformer cables. At normal operation the copper links are inserted and the provisional cables to the station service transformer are removed. In case of a heat run or generator tests the three links JD08-Q1 must be removed and a suitable cables must be drawn from one house service transformer to the excitation cubicle and connected to the copper-bus above the links. Feeders from the AC-bus are provided for: ‘AC-overvoltage limiters +JD08-V1.L1, L2, L3 via fuses +JD08-F'1 Regulator via MCB +JD03-F9. The fans +JD31-M1, +J032-M1 via the MCB +JD03-F12, -F22. Additionaly for line charging they are supplied from the 400Vac station supply Three bushing type current transformers are mounted at the three phase-busbar: Transformers +JD08-T11, -713 for regulation, +JD08-T12, for overcurrent protection. AK-SE/Go/THEDESCR.0OC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 11/41 3523794 /o4G Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System FELING 3.3 Thyristor Converter The thyristor converter consists of four identical fully controlled three-phase bridges +JD0¢, +JD05, +JD06, +JD07-G1 in parallel. Each thyristor bridge is assembled with its accessories in ‘one cubicle and can be isolated from both, AC- and OC-busbar, by the isolating switches (AC- side Q1, DC-side Q2), thus providing a facility for maintenance during service of excitation system. One rectifier is assembled into two stacks of three thyristors each (positive semibridge Vi1, V31, V51 and negative semibridge V21, V41, V61). The thyristors are fused by supervised semiconductor fuses (F21...F61). The gates are controlled by individual gate pulse amplifiers (A21...A61). The two twisted control lines of each thyristor (gate-white, cathode-red) are connected to these gate pulse amplifiers. The firing sequence of the thyristors is V11, V61, V31, V21, V51, V41 (L1+, L3-, L2+, L1-, L3+, L2-). Wave form of gate pulses (high initial voltage peak at the rising edge of the pulse) and bushing type ferrit cores in each arm of the rectifiers assure ‘equal dynamic current division among the bridges. For damping of voltage peaks an RC-assembly (C71, R71, R72) is connected to the AC-side of each rectifier, and each thyristor is paralleled with a surge absorbing snubber circuit (R11...R61, C11...C61). The semi-bridge currents will be indicated by ammeters mounted in the front door of the thyristor cabinets. This indication enables to check the current division among the parallel bridges during operation. Completely assembled the head panels of the thyristor cabinets form one common air duct. Two fans are mounted in a ventilation box on top of the cubicles +JD05, 06. Only one fan will be selected for service the other one is stand-by. The cooling air will be succed through air inlets (covered with dust filters) in the doors of the cabinet and passes the heat dissipators of the thyristor stacks from bottom to top into the air duct. The fan in operation exhausts the air via a noise absorber. If this fan fails the stand-by fan will start automatically. The pressure in the common air duct is supervised. The fans are fed from the thyristor bus of in case of line charging mode from the 400Vac station supply. The selection of the fan to be in operation can be done by the fan selector switch -A2432/3 (4637466 sh.11). Change this switch from time to time to make sure that the stand-by fan is really ready for operation and to get an equal wear on both fans. ‘The supervision of the SCR (i.e. supervision of fuse failure, position of isolating switches, thyristor currents, cooling air pressure, fans) is implemented in the control equipment of the excitation system, Each thyristor cabinet is equipped with two control plug sockets: X1 connects the gate pulse amplifiers to the regulator and gate control +JD02.A1 via the pulse distribution panel +JD02-A10. X2 connects fuse trip and isolating switch position indicator contacts to the supervision and control equipment. The thyristor bridges are redundant, i.e. if one bridge fails the remaining can operate the full load and ceiling current without restrictions. If two bridges are faulty the excitation will trip The filter mats in the doors should be checked and exchanged periodically. The time periode of changing depends on the pollution level of the ambient air Caution: Extremly polluted filter mats can cause an excitation trip. AK-SE/G0/ THEDESCR DOC lasued: 27.08 1996 B212.30026 Page 12/41 352379 4/o4t Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System AY 3.4 Ventilation Device The ventilation box is mounted on top of the cabinets +JD05 and +J008. The box with removable cover for maintenance work contains the two fans +JD31,32-M1 self acting louvre flap-valves and noise absorbers. All SCR's are connected to this ventilation device by the common air duct formed by the head panels of the cubicles. The pressure difference between the common air duct and the thyristor cubicle is supervised by the pressure switch +JD03-F31 and a fault signal will be initialized if the pressure difference falls below the adjusted value (see chap.7, settings). To protect the motor against overload the MCB's +JD03-F 12, -F22 are provided Caution: After maintenance works on the fans or it's circuits check the fans for correct rotation! 3.5 Overvoltage Protection AC-Busbar Overvoltage Limiter +JD08-V1,L1, L2, L3 Voltage peaks at the AC-bus are limited by assemblies of selenium type overvoltage limiters in Y- connection. These assemblies are connected to the AC-bus by the supervised fuses +JO08-F1. A blown fuse sets an alarm. ‘Surge-Voltage Damping Assembly For the attenuation of surge voltages in each thyristor cabinet an RC-circuitry with rectifier and monitored fuses is provided. DC-Busbar Rotor Overvoltage Protection +JD10-F4 This assembly consists of a mounting plate with two antiparallel thyristors and their trigger moduls, and a detection relay circuit. It serves for the protection of the converter and’the field against overvoltages (e.g. due to negative field currents at power system faults) If the voltage exceeds the trigger level (see techn. data, chap.2) of one of the trigger-modules the corresponding thyristor is fired (depending on the polarity of the overvoltage) and short-circuits the DC-bus via the field discharge resistor +JD09-R1. The voltage drop across this resistor is detected by the relay circuit. It initiates an immediate shut-down of the excitation system. ‘Surge-Voltage Damping Assembly For the attenuation of surge voltages an RC-circuitry with monitored fuses is provided. AKSE/G0/ THEDESCO —=™ SURE: 27.08.1398 B212.30026 Page 13/41 352379b/ow Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System MY 3.6 Field Discharge Device As field circuit breaker serves the DC-contactor +JD09-Q1 with two main contacts and one overlapping discharge contact. If the contactor is released, the discharge contact connects the nor-linear resistor +JDOS-R1 to the field without interruption of the field circuit. The field breaker is operated automatically by the logic control equipment according the required operation mode. ‘Two methods for field discharge are applied: a) At operational shut-downs the field current will be decreased by SCR's inverter operation. After a time delay the contactor will be opened without load thus increasing the life-time of the main contacts. b) At emergency or protection trips the contactor will be released immediatly, and the field will be discharged rapidly by the non linear resistor. For the measurement of the field current the shunt +JD09-R3 is provided. The field voltage is sensed via the fuses +JD10-F3. 3.7 Field Flashing ‘The energy to initiate the excitation will be taken from the station battery and feeds the DC-bus via blocking diodes +JD10-V1, limiting resistor +JD10-R1 and the DC-contactor +JD10-K1 With start of excitation the contactor closes. When the current at the AC-bus exceeds a value of appr. 20% of the no load value the contactor opens. 3.8 Test Supply In case of a heat run or generator tests the excitation must be supplied from one house service transformer HTR to have a source independent from the generator terminal voltage. For this the three links JD08-Q1 must be removed and a suitable cables must be drawn from a free house service transformer to the excitation cubicle and connected to the copper-bus above the links. Caution: Before connecting the excitation for test mode disconect the LV-winding of the HTR from protective earth (insulated neutral). The cables must have a proper diameter. 3.9 Polarity Reversing Link The device enables to change the polarity of the field current. This is necessary for an equal abrasing of brushes and sliprings, and should be done regularly. Tum link +JD09-Q2 by 90° at standstil of excitation to swap the connection and thus the polarity on the sliprings. For turning the bolts two spanners No. 36 are necessary. See generator manual for further information. The time for changing depends on your experience of abrasing. During the first operation year we recommend a change at least every two months. AK-SEIGo/ THBDESCR.OOC issued: 27.08.1986 B212.30026 Page 14/41 352379 4/o4q Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System XM 4. REGULATION The regulator and gate control set GMR3 is a voltage regulator for medium sized and large synchronous machines. It contains the power supplies and a microprocessor controlled regulation part with a 6-pulse gate control for maximal eight thyristor bridges. The regulator enables automatic operation (voltage regulation) and manual operation (field current regulation) including the dynamic brake mode. Under normal conditions the automatic operation serves for the excitation and voltage regulation of the generator. ‘The following functional units are provided within the regulator rack: - Power supply - Regulator with set value and actual value processing - Gate control Details see description "Voltage Regulator and Gate Control GMRS" 41 Arrangement of Devices (see assembly drawing 4-637473, 475, 477, 480) The components for regulation are located in the control cabinet +/D02. It includes the regulator rack AO1 and several other hardware components The devices of the regulator rack are mounted in a 19"-(SHE)-rack and include up to 10 modules depending on the number of in- and outputs. All in- and outputs are connected by plugs and cables to the cubicle terminals. The regulator +J002-A01 is equipped with following printed modules: power supply NGT1 (A1) main processor unit MRB2 (A2) subprocessor unit PIM (A4) signal processing card SAB (A5) digital input card DE32 (A11, A14) digital output card DA32 (A13) actual value board IWK (A21) at the backside of the rack At the back of cabinet +JD02 the below listed parts are mounted: - T09: Regulator Supply Transformer R-TR = A10: Pulse Distribution GEV25 (connection panel for the gate pulse cables to the thyristor bridges) ‘The circuit diagram 4-637464, 485 sh.9, 466 sh.2-4 shows the connection of the components. AK-SEIGo/ THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1986 B212.30026 Page 15/41 352379 4/020 ‘Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System VELING 4.2 Regulator Voltage Supply The regulator power supply NGT1 is energized from the IWK Panel at the backside of the regulator rack with the necessary DC-voltage. During operation the power comes via a three- phase matching-transformer and rectifier. The transformer also provides the synchronizing voltages for the gate control. It is fed from the excitation system AC-bus. A separate 24Vdc back-up voltage is provided, which feeds the regulator when the AC-suppiy is not available. ‘The IWK panel is connected to the: = AC-bus via MCB +JD03-F9 and the Regulator Supply Transformer +JD02-T0S = 24Vde control voltage 21 via meb +JD02-F2721 ‘The 24Vde output of the panel feeds the regulator via MCB +J002.A01-F1 at the backsider of the rack. The DC/DC-converter NGT1 mounted in the regulator device provides the intemal voltages 5V and #15V for the regulator circuits. During operation the regulator is supplied from the thyristor bus. At standstill it is supplied from voltage +/-21E (24Vdc). 43 Actual Value Board (IWK) This assembly +JD02.A1-A21 transforms the actual values (sensed by transformers) to the regulator input levels. It consists of a number of voltage and current matching-transformers, rectifier bridge and load resistors. The components are used to determine the actual generator voltage and current, and the actual rotor current. The altemator values are sensed by the transformers listed below. Stator voltage: H.V. potential transformer +AP-T11 ... T13 at generator busbar. Stator current: H.V. current transformer +SP-T4 ... T6 at generator busbar neutral side. Rotor current: Current transformers +J003-T11, -T13 at the excitation system AC-busbar. For further information see drwg.no. 4-637466 sh.2 44 Regulator and Gate Control 4.4.1. Signal Processing Card SAB (A5) ‘The actual generator values (generator voltage, generator current, field current, thyristor voltage) will be transformed by the matching transformer panel to electronic voltage levels (2.9. UG, appr. 5V). The extemal signals are connected via cables and plugs to the front of the SAB. The card is equipped with fiters and matchment circuits. It converts the signals and passes them to the subprocessors of the unit PIM. The six gate pulses are pre-amplified by transistor stages on the modul SAB and are connected to the gate pulse ampiifier-transducers (one for each thyristor) by cables. Test switches on the front panel of the SAB allow the manual control of the firing pulses for testing For additional information see description "Voltage Regulator and Gate Control GMRS". AK-SE/Go / THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1998 B212.30026 Page 16/41 3523794 /on4 Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System AM] The pins of plug XS are reserved for the following input signals analog signals (see circuit diag. 4.637466 sh.2) d20-b20: rotor current for regulation (5 Vdc, plus is grounded!) d24-b24: generator current phase L1 (5 Vac) d22-b22: generator current phase L2 (5 Vac) d28-b28: generator voltage phase L1-L3 (5 Vac, L3 ground) d26-b26: _ generator voltage phase L2-L3 (5 Vac, L3 ground) 432,430,b30: synchronizing voltages L1,L2,L3 (15 Vac, L3 ground) d12-b12:_ AN1, not used d10-b10: _AN2, not used d08-b08: | AN3, not used d06-b06: —AN4, not used d04-b04: ANS, not used d02-b02: ANG, not used | signals (see circuit diag. 4-637466 sh.15) 212: command "gate pulse blocking on" (24 Vdc) 208) command “gate pulse blocking off" (24 Vdc) 202! indication "gate pulse blocking on” (24 Vdc) 204 +21E (+24 V) for indication 210,206: common ground for indication and command 226,228: —_voltage supply (0 V) 730,232: voltage supply (+24 Vdc) for gate pulse transducers The pins of plug X3 are reserved for the following output signals (see circuit diag. 4-637465 sh.7): 13-25: impulse Li+ 10-22 impulse L2+ 7-19: impulse L3+ 6-18: impulse L3- 9-21 impulse L2- 12-24: impulse L1- 2,14: auxiliary voltage (+24 Vde) 4: auxiliary voltage (-15 Vdc), not used 4.4.2. Subprocessor Board PIM (Ad) This unit is equipped with three signal processors (A,B,C). For additional information see description "Voltage Regulator and Gate Control GMR3". Subprocessor A - Gate Control The gate control supplies the gate pulses for the six thyristors of the threephase rectifier bridge (Lt+, 2+, L3+, L1-, L2-, L3.). The timing of the pulses with respect to the AC-voltage at the thyristor bridge is controlled by the firing angle a. The value for a is provided by an output of processor B. The maximal control ranges from 180° down to 0°. The maximal and minimal value for the firing angle a (180° resp. 0°) is limited, The resulting control range covers an area from 150° down to 10° AK-SE1G0/ THEDESCR.OOC lasued 27.08.1998 B212,30028 Page 17/41 3523794 /o22 Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System FELING ‘Subprocessor B - Field Current Regulator Subprocessor B includes the field current regulation loop and is used for manual operation and dynamic braking. This loop calculates the firing angle a, which is transmitted to subprocessor A. ‘Subprocessor C - Actual Value Processing From the input signals for generator voltage and current (UGL1, UGL2, UGL3, IGL1, IGL2) the following signals are processed: VS01 UGK generator voltage, actual value 1.0 at rated voltage v503 IGIW generator current, actual value 1.0 at rated current va5 FGIW frequency of generator voltage 1.0 at rated frequency vs504 IBIW reactive component of IGIW 1.0 at rated current, cosphi=0, overexcited operation vs05 IWIW active component of IGIW 1.0 at rated current, cosphi=1, power generation v38DEIW actual load angle 1.0 at 100% By aid of the variables V830 (WSTAT) and V831 (BSTAT) the active and reactive droop can be adjusted. normalization: £1.0 + 100% Positive sign means increasing, negative sign means decreasing characteristics. 4.4.3 Main Processor Board MRB (A2) This module contains processor, memory, interrupt logic and a serial adapter for the connection of a service device. The regulator software is stored in EPROM's and the adjustable parameters are stored in an EEPROM. For additional information see description "Voltage Regulator and Gate Control GMRS". 4.4.4 Digital Input Board DE32 (A11,A14) This module contains 32 digital inputs and is used to control the regulator. By a cable the inputs ‘are connected to the external terminal block +JD02-XS. As input voltage the 24V control voltage 21E is used. The software has access to the inputs by the variables EO to E63. The signals connected to this modules are shown on the circuit diagrams 4-637466 sh.4 For additional information see description "Voltage Regulator and Gate Control GMRS". 4.4.5. Digital Output Board DA32 (A13) This module contains 32 relay outputs for signalling and to control extemal devices, By a cable the outputs are connected to the extemal terminal block +JD02-X5. As operation voltage the 24V control voltage 21E is used, AK-$6/G0/THEOESCR.OOC insuee 77061986 B212,30026 Page 18/41 3523794/o92 Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System AM The software controls the outputs by the variables AO to A31. The signals coming from this modules are shown on the circuit diagrams 4-637486 sh.4. For additional information see description "Voltage Regulator and Gate Control GMRS" 45 Program (Software) The software is divided into programmable (regulator) software and firmware. The programmable software runs on the main processor unit MRB. The firmware inciudes the programs for the subprocessors (PIM) and the operation system on the main processor (MRB). All programs are stored on EPROM's. Alll site changeable parameters are stored on EEPROM's. The operation system is responsible for the input and output conversion, and the coordination of the regulator programs. It covers also the communication of the regulator using the serial service connector at the front of the board, and provides several self-testing diagnostics. ‘The sub-programs of the sub-processor board contain actual value processing and calculation (processor C), field current regulation (processor 8), and computation of pulses for a 6-pulse thyristor bridge (processor A). The following functions are implemented in the regulator program: = Voltage regulation as master using the field current regulation loop of subprocessor B as slave, variable set value (automatic operation mode), = Field current regulation with variable set value (manual operation mode). ‘A change-over between automatic- and manual-operation is possible during operation. The two set values are always balanced automatically. = Field current regulation with constant set value (dynamic braking) + Max. field current limitation undelayed, limits the max. admissible short time ceiling current. - Max. field current limitation with an overcurrent dependent time delay, limits the admissible continuous current. - Min. field current limitation undelayed, prevents the operation below a min. permissible field current. - Threephase active and reactive load droop. = Generator current limitation with an overcurrent dependent time delay for lagging and leading operation. = Load angle limitation (Under-excitation limitation) undelayed - Volt/Hertz-limiter, delayed. = Power system stabilizer using the active power as input signal Several logic sequencer functions necessary for the correct operation of a complete excitation ‘system are also included in a separate task of the software (start-, stop sequence, field flashing). For additional information see also “Voltage Regulator and Gate Control GMR3 - Description of Program and the software drawings: Logic Diagram 4.637459 Regulator Software 4.637462 AK-SE/G0/ THEDESCR DOC issued: 27 08.1096 B212.30026 Page 19/41 35237946 /oru Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System AM] 46 Supervision ‘The regulator self-supervision provides the following functions: = Check of in- and output cards (hardware watch-dog) - Supervision of supply voltages - Check of main- and subprocessor hardware components - Check of program integrity - Signal on stop of program due to operator or fault (software watch-dog) For further information on self diagnosis features see the description "Voltage Regulator and Gate Control GMR3". ‘The extemal supervision monitors general faults, fuses and breakers, etc. and provides alarms or trips depending on the type of fault (see also chapter 6 of this description). 47 Pulse Distribution (GEV25) The gate pulses coming from the regulator board SAB are connected to the pulse distribution panel GEV25 (+JD02-A10). Each thyristor is controlled by its own impulse transducer. Each impulse transducer mounts an amplifier circuit with a pulse transformer in a moulded case. They are mounted besides the thyristors in the rectifier cubicles and are connected by cables to this pulse distribution panel. 48 Activating Limiters and Regulator Functions Limiter functions and the power system stabilizer can be disconnected using the hand-held terminal or PC. Several variables are reserved to control the operating mode (ON, OFF) of the corresponding function. if the value of such a variable is log. H, the corresponding function has been tumed off, i.e. it is not effective. When set to log. L, the corresponding function is turned on. The following functions can be switched on or off in this manner. 1900 NMIPLE Disconnection min.field current limiter 1901 NMIPXE Disconnection max.field current limiter 1902 NMIGBE Disconnection stator current limiter 1903 NMUEBE Disconnection load angle (under excit.) limiter 1904 NMFZSE Disconnection max. volt/hertz limiter 1907 NMSTZE Disconnection power system stabilizer To tum off one or more of above listed functions set the corresponding control variables in the regulator to logic H Using the hand-held terminal select menu "4 Terminalmode”. Enter the desired variable (eg.1807) and set the value to 1 (see description “elterm GMR" for more detailed information). To reconnect a function set the corresponding variable to 0 (logic L). The control variables can be stored on the EEPROM if required. The switching status of the attached function is thus saved, also after a system re-start (e.g. after voltage failure). How to update the EEPROM, see description "Voltage Regulator and Gate Control GMR3", chap.5.3. AK-SE/Go/ THSOESCR DOC issued: 27.08 1996 B212.30026 Page 20/41 3523794 [ors Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System Mi 5. CONTROL EQUIPMENT, OPERATION The complete control is mounted into the control cubicle +JD02. Indicating instruments and racks (A100, A21, AQ1) are mounted in the hinged frame. Relais and protective switches are mounted on the back or in +JD01. All extemal digital input and output signals are transformed by coupling relais to the intemal 24V level. The logic sequencer functions are part of the software and are implemented in the regulator rack AO‘. Essential supervisions and trips bypass the regulator via a tripping (diode) matrix and operate on the trip circuit of the field breaker. Local operation modules, fault monitoring and tripping matrix are mounted into rack A21 The metering panel A100 is equipped with the following instruments: (drwg. 4-637475) - Local indication: P1411 generator voltage UG P1412 generator current IG P1413 rotor voltage UP P1414 rotor current IP The control rack A21 is equipped with the following units: (drwg. 4-637477, sh.2) = Local operation: Switch $2421, prints A2431-A2432 - Fault indication: Prints A2511-A2512 - DC/DC converter: Print A721 - MCB for 24V (216): F2721 - Trip matrix: Print A226 1-A2262 (behind front cover) 5.1 Drawing System ‘The complete wiring is shown in the drawings for power elements and circuit digrams (4-637485, and 486). Each of these drawings has a drawing designator (901 and $02). For references within the drawings these designators are used instead of the drawing numbers. All devices, connection points and references on these drawings are identified using a plant designation system. A device identification consists of three parts. 1.Part: Device Designator Example: = 5,6,7,8 +JD1 -K0851 Al _— + terminal device (relay) ¥ Pee (eccuat ‘cubicle 1) section (unif'5,6,7,8) Parts of the designator can be omitted, starting with section. (E.g.: All designators on the drawings refer to =5,6,7,8. Therefore the section designator is omitted for the devices.) AK-SE/Go/ THEDESCR.D0C issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 21/41 3523794/026 Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System XM 2.Part: Drawing Reference Below the device designator a reference to the drawing is printed where the complete device is shown, Example: 2 | 1 v | ath number + shéet number drawing name The drawing reference can be omitted if it would refer to its own drawing name. (E.g.: 902/12.2 refers to drawing 902. If this reference is located on the drawing $02 only the sheet and path number 12.2 will be printed.) 3.Part: Device Reference Name Below the drawing reference a device reference name is printed. Example: 902/FB-ON-R L device reference name drawing name The drawing name can be omitted if it would refer to its own drawing name. (E.g.: 902/FB-ON-R refers to drawing 902. If this reference is located on the drawing 902 only the reference name FB- ON-R will be printed.) ‘A connection point uses only two parts. 1.Part: Signal Name (e.g. AM1B2) 2.Part: Drawing Reference (same as above) ‘A connection to an in- or output of the regulator shows additional to the physical connection pin the software variable used for the respective I/O within a frame. Examples; [E02 (ao Subsequently the different modes and their operation is described. The exact run of control sequences can be seen on the logic diagrams 4-637459. Only the sheet numbers of these drawings will be used in the following when refered to. The symbols used in the logics are explained in the appendix to the logic diagrams (drwg. 4-530010) All signals (column “Identification Text’ and column "Identification") are listed in the "Reference List of Signals" 4.637460. The columns Sheet and Li.No. of this cross reference list shows the origin and users of the corresponding signal in the logic diagrams. The "Identification" gives information on the signal, e.g AK-SE/Go/ THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1966 B212.30026 Page 22/41 352379 4/o009 Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System 7M a) Software Signals (variables): 1325 B EXCITATION START than t type of signal, 1 char.: A digital output E digital input 1 digit. internal variable V analog intemal variable nnn .... continous number, max. 3-digits b) Hardware Signals: 01K0111/14 B EXCITATION ON, REMOTE nnddddd cc nn ...... Cubicle number, 2-digits ddd .. device label (acc. designation), variable length Cc ...... connection terminal or pin, variable length Examples’ 01K0111/14: cubicle +JDO1, relais KO111, terminal 14 on the relais 01A02A11-X3/b8: cubicle +JD02, rack AO1-print A11, plug X3, pin b& 5.2 Power Supply The voltage supply can be seen on circuit diagram 4-637466 sh.3. The DC-circuits are fed from the station battery. 110V DC supply + Drive voltage +11E (mcb FO711) For the operation of contactors and breakers, and serves as input/output voltage for external signals, 24V DC supply: The 24V DC is converted by the DC/DC-converter A0721 which is fed from the 110 V battery via the MCB F0721. Control voltage +21E (via MCB F2721): Feeds the supervision electronics, and serves as input/output voltage for internal signals. Back-up supply for the regulator. 5.3 Automatic-Operation Generator-voltage regulation via underlayed rotor-current control. Voltage setting range: 80-110% of no-load rated voltage. Set-value: Analogue variable V1 (UGSW), drwg.4-637462 diagr.11 if the regulator is not in the automatic mode then preselect this mode from the control room or locally at the regulator cubicle by pushing up the key "REGULATOR AUTOM." at print A2432. If there is no fault related to the automatic operation mode the control changes to automatic and the corresponding LED besides the key will ight. AK-SE/Go/ THEDESCR.OOC issued: 27.08.1906 B212.30026 Page 23/41 3523794/o2g CIRATA Il - Excitation System FELING ‘The control accepts the "EXCITATION ON" command, if the excitation is ready for start. The following start conditions are necessary for automatic operation (logic diag. 4.637459 sh. 16). Operation Manual signal log.diagr. 1) No BLOCKING START signal 133813 (no exc.trip or exc.off command) 2) Excitation OFF A0B 15 3) Field breaker off delayed 134715 4) Speed > 95% 12132 If these conditions are fulfilled the corresponding green LED (B) on print A2431 lights. Now the excitation can be started: 1. By the power-station control via relais KO111 2. Locally at cabinet 02 by pressing the key "EXCITATION ON" at print A2431 If the start-command has been accepted the corresponding yellow LED (S) at this print (A2431) will ight. The field flashing contactor will be closed automatically by the start-sequence step 2, and opened when the field current measured at the excitation system AC-bus has reached appr. 20% of its no load value. The generator voltage will increase to 100% automatically. ‘The detailed steps of the control-sequence can be seen on the logic diagrams sh.17-18. Each control step initializes further functions (marked by arrows), listed in the column “Identification text". The individual signal numbers in the column “Identification” are listed in the reference list. (This reference list is useful to find the origin or user of each signal.) If all control steps have succeeded, and all feed-backs are ready, the excitation-operation flip-flop is set. The lower LED (1) of the corresponding yellow LED's (print A2431) lights. The red one (A) indicates an excitation- operation trip, The whole start-sequence is supervised for excessive time. If the time of this sequence exceeds the max. allowed value the excitation will be tripped. 5.4 Manual-Operation Rotor current regulation by the rotor-current control. Rotor current setting range: 0-100% rated field current. Set-value: Analogue variable V10 (IPSW), drwg.4-637462 diagr.11 If the regulator is not in the manual mode then preselect this mode from thé control room or locally at the regulator cubicle by pushing down the key "REGULATOR MAN.” at print A2432. If there is no fault related to the manual operation mode the control changes to manual and the corresponding LED besides the key will light. ‘The control accepts the "EXCITATION ON" command, if the excitation is ready for start. The start conditions are the same as above for the automatic operation mode, If these conditions are fulfilled the corresponding green LED (B) on print A2431 lights and the excitation can be started. The start procedure is the same as for automatic operation. With "High" and "Low" commands the excitation current will increase or decrease. AK-SE/Go / THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 24/41 3523794 /o29 Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System AY 5.5 Change-Over Features A surgeless transfer from automatic to manual-mode or vice versa can be done locally. Change over Automatic - Manual The manual set value will always be balanced to the automatic set value. A manual balancing is not necessary. To change to manual mode select REGULATOR MANUAL (locally at print A2432). Thereby the control is transferred to the rotor current regulator. in case the generator voltage sensing fails the operation mode will be transferred automatically to manual, and can not be reset to automatic until the fault is cleared. ‘Change over Manual - Automatic: The automatic set value will always be balanced to the manual set value if the generator voltage is within the operation range of the automatic mode. A manual balancing is not necessary. To change to automatic mode select REGULATOR AUTOMATIC (locally at print A2432). Thereby the control is transferred to the generator voltage regulator. Caution: If the generator voltage during manual operation is not within the operation range of the automatic mode the automatic set vaiue will not be balanced For further information on the change over sequence see the logic diagrams sh. 19. 5.6 Excitation Shut-Down ‘The shut-down sequence is shown on the logic diagr. sh. 13,14. Two shut-down modes are used. Qperational shut-down: ‘The gate control shifts the gate pulses to inverter position (i.e. the SCR-converter is controlled to inverter operation), and the rotor current fades. Time delayed the field circuit breaker is opened. Thus the life-time of the main contacts is improved. ‘Shut-down facilities: = EXCITATION OFF remote via relais KO112. + EXCITATION OFF local at Print A2431 Emergency shu The field breaker is released immediaty. Shut-down facilities: = Internal emergency-trip (excitation system fault) - External emergency-trip of excitation (protection trip) The whole shut-down sequence is supervised for excessive time. If the time of this sequence exceeds the max. allowed value an alarm will be initiated, If the shut-down sequence is active the corresponding yellow LED (A) at print A2431 lights. The red LED (G) indicates an excitation trip, and the green LED (1) indicates the excitation off-state. AK-SE/GO / THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1906 B212.30026 Page 25/41 3523794 /pao Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System aM After excitation shut down the set values for the automatic and manual mode retums to their start position automatically. 5.7 Line Charging This type of mode is provided to charge a power line or transformer starting form the lowest voltage level (appr. 15 % generator voltage) slowly up to ist rated voltage. Selecting this mode is only possible from the remote control desk in the switchyard where the LINE CHARGING push- button is located. The line charging condition and sequence is shown on the logic diagr. sh.21 The following procedure is recommended: 1. Press the LINE CHARGING push-button when you intended to charge a line or transformer. The push-button illuminates when the excitation is ready for starting in the line charging mode. 2. Start the belonging generator. The excitation raises the generator voltage automatically up to its minimum level of appr. 2 KV. The unit start sequence proceeds until ,unit synchron start” the synchronizer checks the zero level of the line and closes the main CB. 3. Now you can adjust any required permissible generator voltage value. Finally increase the voltage to its rated value. 4, The excitation transferes automatically to the normal operation mode as soon as the generator voltage is within its normal regulation range between 80% .... 110%. Then the annunciation lamp in the control desk gets OFF. This indicates the ‘end of line charging. Abortion or Malfunction: Pressing again the LINE CHARGING button before the excitation was switched on will finish immediately this mode and a normal voltage build-up will follow after the next ON command. Pressing again the LINE CHARGING button after the excitation was switched on will have no consequences. Also pressing this button in normal operation mode will be ignored. After excitation was switched ON the LINE CHARGING mode can only be finished by: 1. Raising generator voltage up to 90%. 2. Shut down the unit or switching of the excitation. 5.8 Testing For tests on the excitation system power part, short circuit and no-load tests on the generator or for a generator heat run the excitation must be supplied from a separate source e.g. from one of the house service transformers HTR. For this the three links JD08-Q1 must be removed and a suitable cables must be drawn from a free house service transformer to the excitation cubicle and connected to the copper-bus above the links. Before connecting the excitation disconect the LV-winding of the HTR from protective earth (insulated neutral). The cables must have a proper diameter. After energizing the transformer the regulator will change to manual mode and the manual set value will retum to 0. The tests are usually done in the manual mode. The excitation supply independent from the generator enables to control the rotor current down to 0. Caution: Do not apply current to the generator-field or brushes at standstill of unit. AK-SE/Go / THEDESCR.OOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 26/41 3523794 /oad ‘Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System ATM ‘Test Operation Mode of Gate Pulse Device ‘Additional to the manual regulator mode the field voltage can be set by manual control of the firing angle of the thyristors directly at the gate pulse unit SAB, To activate this control proceed as follows: -° Bush switch "HST" on the front of the regulator board SAB to the upper position "1". The gate pulses will be deblocked. ‘This switch can also be operated when the excitation is in operation. When moving switch “HST to position "1", the active firing angle is not changed, i.e. the change-over is bumpless. The firing angle (and thus the rotor voltage) can now be controlled by the push botton "" at the front plate of p.c.b. SAB. Measuring jack "U" on the front of p.c.b. SAB allows the measurement of the adjusted firing angle, (0...5V correspond to 0...180°). With inductive load (rotor) the setting range OV to 2.5V corresponds to rectifier operation (firing langle 0° to 90°) and the range 2.SV to SV corresponds to inverter operation (firing angle 90° to 480°). Therefore the rotor voltage starts increasing with a setting below 2.5V (firing angle 80") With an ohmic test load or open field circuit the voltage starts increasing with a setting below 4.17 appr. (firing angle 150°). In general, a bumpless retum of switch "HST" to the operating position is not possible. Therefore the excitation should be switched off before retuming this switch to its operating position. Caution: Use this test mode with test supply only. Do not forget to push down switch "HST" at print SAB of the regulator to its operating position after the tests are done. AK-SE/Go/THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 27/41 352379 4/032 Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System AY 6. SUPERVISION AND SIGNALLING Parts important for safety or operation are supervised. Depending on the kind of trouble the excitation is tripped or control is transfered, and/or an alarm is initialized. For remote annunciation the following summary alarms are provided (see circuit diagrams 4-637486 sh.26). = Excitation alarm Common annunciation of all faults (output relay +J001-K307). = Excitation trip Common annunciation of all intemal emergency trips (output relay +J001-K308). Fault detection and processing can be seen at the logic diagrams 4-637459 sh.5-11. The alarm and trip matrix is shown on sh.22 of the logic diagrams. This matrix is implemented as hardware diode matrix (see also circuit diagrams 4-637466 sh.9, 10). 6.1 Alarms and Trips Alarms are indicated locally on the printed cards +JD02-A2511 and A2512. In case of an alarm the belonging red LED on one of those prints lights. Simultaneously this alarm is stored and the yellow LED of the same row lights too. If the fault causing the alarm is cleared the red LED ‘extinguishes. The yellow one remains lighted until it is reseted by the reset-key (common for all alarms) on the operation modul +J002-A2432. The following is a list of all locally indicated alarms and trips, and a guide how to clear. Due to the complexity of the excitation system it is not practicable to note all possible causes for any trouble. Note: Clear fault before resetting alarm! A26141/1: CONTROL SEQUENCE OVERTIME Effect’ Excitation trip. Detector: Control equipment (+JD02.A1-A13, var.A20). Cause: Excitation start or stop sequence overtime due to: Field flashing power missing: Malfunction of relais or contactors; Malfunction of control Resetting: Check error masks and clear fault (see chap.6.2, error masks). 2511/2: GENERATOR VOLTAGE SENSING FAILURE Effect. At automatic-operation transfer of control to manual. Detector: Control equipment (+JD02.A1-A13, var.A29). Cause: Generator potential transformer fault; Voltage sensing circuit fault (MCB +AP-F12 tripped); PIM-board processor C fault. Resetting: Check potential transf. +5AP-T11...113 and voltage sensing circuit, Switch on meb;Check error masks and/or replace PIM-board (see chap.6.2 error masks) AK-SE/Go/ THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1998 B212.30026 Page 28/41 3523794/oza Operation A2811/8: 2511/4 A2511/5: A2811/6: A2511/7: A2511/8: Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System AM AC-SUPPLY FAILURE Effect: Excitation trip. Detector: MCB +JD03-F9. Cause: — Short-circuit or overload; Trip of AC-supply breaker. Resetting: Switch on meb. AC-OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION Effect: Annunciation. Detector: Micro switches on the fuse bases +JD08-FO1 and panels +JD04,.+JD07-GO1UF71 Cause: Excessive overvoltage; Defective selenium overvoltage limiter, Defective diode or capacitor on the panels of F71 Resetting: Reset micro-switch; Check belonging circuit; Replace fuse. DC-SURGE PROTECTION Effect! Annunciation. Detector: Fuse +JD10-F2. Cause: — Short-circuit on RC-circuit; Defective capacitor. Resetting: Reset micro-switch; Check circuit; Replace fuse. FIELD BREAKER FAULT Effect Excitation trp. Detector: Control equipment (+JD02.A1-A14, var.A27). Cause: Manual trip of field breaker; Defective field breaker, Fault in the ON-, OFF-control circuit, Fault in the position indication circuit, Resetting: Check field breaker; Check control and signal circuits (4-637466 sh.7, 16,17). ROTOR OVERVOLTAGE Effect: Excitation trip. Detector: Relais mounted on assembly +JD10-F1 and control equipment (+JD02.A1-A13, var.A25). Cause: — Overvoltage > 1000V at the DC-busbar; Defective element (thyristor, trigger) Resetting: None. M.C.B. TRIPPED Effect: Annunciation. Detector. Micro switch on the fuse base +JD10-F03 (rotor voltage sensing); MCB +JD01-FO731 (lights); MGB +J001-F0732 (heaters); MCB +J001-F0733 (400 VAC aux. voltage for fans); MCB +J001-F0711 (110 VDC control voltage); MCB +J002,A01-F1 (24 VDC regulator supply); MCB +J003-F 12, F22 (motor protection for fans). Cause: ‘Short circuit; Defective element Resetting: Switch on mob; Replace fuse and reset micro switch. AK-SEIG0/ THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1998 B212.30026 Page 29/41 352379 4/oaq Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System aM 2512/1: THYRISTOR CONVERTER FUSE A2512/2: Effect Detector: Cause: Resetting: ‘Annunciation (if one or more fuses blown of different arms); Excitation trip (if more fuses blown of the same arm). Micro switches mounted on the fuses of corresponding thyristor +JD04..+JD07-GO1/F11...F61, Control equipment (+JD02.A1-A14, var.A07 for alarm, AO8 for trip), ‘Short-circuit; Defective thyristor, Defective RC-element; Excessive overload due to fault. ‘Check mechanical indicator on thyristor fuses or LEDs on regulator +JD02.A1-A14 to make out which fuses are defective. Check thyristors; Check RC-elements; Replace fuse. AVR BLOCKED Effect Detector: Cause: Resetting: Annunciation. Control equipment (+J002.A1-A14, var.A26). Atleast one limiter is active; Impulse generation mode is selected; HST switch on SAB was switched on. Increase excitation if generator is underexcited; Decrease excitation if generator is overexcited; Disable impulse generation mode (see chap.8.2.2.); ‘Switch HST-switch back to OFF position. 2512/3: THYRISTOR FAN ALARM Effect Annunciation; ‘Start of back-up fan. Detector: Pressure switch +JD03-F31, Control equipment (+JD02.A1-A13, var.A31). Cause: Polluted filters; MCB +J003-F12 or F22 tripped; Defective motor or fan; Short circuit. Resetting: Clean filters; Reset mcb; Check fans and circuits. 2512/4: THYRISTOR FAN TRIP Effect. Excitation trip. Detector. Pressure switch +JD03-F31; Control equipment (+JD02.A1-A13, var.A30). Cause: Polluted filters; Both fans not operating; Defective pressure switch Resetting: Clean fiters; Reset meb; Check fans and supply voltages; Check pressure switch 2512/5: REGULATOR FAULT Effect: Excitation trip. Detector. Relay +JD02-K331; Control equipment (+J002.A1-A13, var.A15). Cause: Regulator power supply fault; Regulator hardware or software failure. Resetting: Check power supply; Check regulator and error masks (see chap 6.2, error masks) AK-SE/Go / THEDESCR.OOC sued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 30/41 3523794/oas Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System AMY A2512/6: SPEED <175 RPM TRIP Effect: Excitation Trip. Detector 90% speed signal from governor, Control equipment (+JD02,A1-A13, var.A19) Cause: Isolated operation below 90% speed. Resetting: None. 2512/7: EXC.TRANSF. WINDING TEMP.> Effect. Annunciation. Detector: Winding temperature detectors of transformer +AP-T41; Temperature supervision relay +JD02-A111. Cause: Overload; Insufficient cooling; Unbalanced load due to fault in thyristor bridge or gate pulse devices. Resetting: Decrease reactive load; Wait cooling, clean air inlets; Check thyristor currents and gate pulses. 2512/8: EXC.TRANSF. WINDING/CORE TEMP.>> Effect Trip. Detector: Winding temperature detectors of transformer +AP-T41; Temperature supervision relays +JD02-A112. Cause: Overload; Insufficient cooling; Unbalanced load due to fault in thyristor bridge or gate pulse devices Resetting: Decrease reactive load; Wait cooling, clean air inlets; ‘Check thyristor currents and gate pulses. AK-SEIG0/THEDESCR DOC issued: 2708 1998 B212.30026 Page 31/41 352379 4/036 Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System AM 6.2 Error Masks ‘See also description Voltage Regulator GMR3, chap.4 and chap.5.4. The results of the supervision routines of main processor and sub-processors are entered into ‘error masks. if a defect has been detected, the respective bit is set in the error mask, depending ‘on the type of error. With a PC, the error masks can be checked using their variable numbers. ‘The hand-held terminal processes the masks and displays the errors automatically, after calling up the respective menu item. The following masks are available: ve06 EMKOF error mask communication error v807 FMABE error mask processor A,B fault veoe FMCF error mask processor C fault ve09 FMRUN error mask program run time error Masks V806, V807, V808, and Bit 0 up to Bit 3 of mask V809 are listed in the description Voltage Regulator GMR3, chap.5.4.2. Bit 4 through to Bit 15 of mask V809 holds device failures dedected by the logic sequence. Mask Variable Meaning v809 FMRUN error mask program run time error Bit 0: Program stopped processor A. Bit |: Pulse synchronization processor A. “The pulses are not synchronized to the thyristor voltage, or the thyristor voltage has failed. Bit 2: Program stopped processor B. Bit 3 Program stopped processor C. Bit 4 failure 4: Gate pulse blocking relay failed. Check relay on SAB board, replace SAB; Check control and position signal circuit (4-637466 sh. 15). Bit 5: failure 5: Field flashing contactor failed Check flashing contactor +JD10-K1; Check control and position signal circuit (4-637466 sh.7,18). Bit 6: failure 6: Thyristor voltage failed. Check supply voltage at AC-bus after excit, start (4-637465 sh.8), Check synchron. voltage (signal SYN) on WK +JD02.A01-A21 (21:1,2,3) and wiring (4-637466 sh.2 and 4-637465 sh.9). Bit 7: failure 7: ‘Thyristor current failed Check field flashing voltage (4-637465 sh.2), Check main supply voltage at AC-bus and/or AC-current after excitation start in normal operation mode (4-637466 sh.2), Check wiring of thyrist.current measuring (signal IP at [WK and SAB, 4-637466 sh2) Bit 8: failure 8: not used Bit 9: failure 9: not used Bit10: failure10: not used BitLI: failurel1: not used Bit12: failure!2: Thyristor fan contactor | failed Check fan contactor 1, +D03-K12; Check control and position signal circuit (4-637466 sh.8, 19). AK‘SE/Go / THBDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 32/41 3523794 /o037 CIRATA Il - Excitation System AM] Bit13: failurel3: Thyristor fan contactor 2 failed Check fan contactor 2, +JD03-K22; Check control and position signal circuit (4-637466 sh.8, 19), Bitl4: failurel4: spare Bit1S: failurelS: spare Operation Manual 6.3 Thyristor Fuse Supervision All SCR-converter fuses are supervised by micro-switches. A blown fuse releases a bolt which operates the micro-switch mounted on the fuse. A defective fuse can be recognized by the released bolt of the fuse-catridge or the LEDs on the digital input board DE32 (+JD02.A1-A14) of the regulator. These LEDs indicate also an open DC- or AC-isolating switch in one of the thyristor cubicles. If a fuse fails an alarm will be initiated. If more than two fuses in the same path of the bridges blow the excitation equipment will be tripped. If an AC- or DC-isolating switch is opened and a fuse in a second brigde blows the excitation equipment will also be tripped. Before replacing a fuse switch off the excitation equipment and secure it against unauthorized ‘switching. Check the new fuse for continuity and the belonging thyristor for short circuit by an ‘onmmeter WARNING | Never change a fuse during operation of excitation! Personal injurty or electric shock may occur. After replacement of the fuse test the micro-switch and alarm circuit. After switching on the excitation, check the current distribution by the ammeters mounted on the doors of rectifier cubicles. 6.4 Not Supervised Fuses MCB +J001-F0721 Purpose: Fusing of 110V DC supply for DC/DC-converter for control and regulator equipment. Effect of a fault: Electronic control not working. The direct trip circuit of the field breaker remains active. MCB +JD02-F2721 Purpose: Fusing of 24V DC control voltage 21 for control and regulator equipment. Effect of a fault: Electronic control not working. The direct trip circuit of the field breaker remains active. AK-S2/Go / THEDESCR.DOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 33/41 3523794 /o38 Operation Manual CIRATA Il - Excitation System 7. SETTINGS AND SCALINGS 7 Hardware Settings Control Equipment AM signal module circuit diagr. setting Delay time voltage supervision 02-K345 4637466 sh.9 0,2 sec Light meb 01-F0731 “"sh23. 0 «6.3A Heater meb 01-F0732 “ sh25 9 2.5A Line charging fan-supply meb 01-F0733 4-637465sh.9 6.3 Regulator supply meb 03-F9 4637465 sh.9 1.04 Fan-motor protection meb 03-F12 s 5.0K Fan-motor protection mcb 03-F22 z BOA Diff pressure switch 03-F31 a 4.5 mbar Specific Changes on Soldering Resistors signal module cire.d. resistor value SAB analog input generator voltage «O1.A1-AS_—sh.2_—R36, 47 removed ‘SAB analog input generator current : : R58,69 removed ‘SAB analog input field current G R80 removed 7.2 Software Settings Normalizations var signal function normalization vs00. IPIW actual field current 1.00 = 1600 vs01 UGK actual generator voltage 1.00 = 16.5 kV vs03 IGIW actual generator current 1.00 = 4900 A v38 DEW actual load angle 1.00 = 100°e! v45 FGIW actual frequency 4.00 = 50 Hz vs74 PWIW actual active power 4.00 = 140 MW 58 PBIW actual reactive power 1.00 = 140 MVAr vs09 ALPHIW actual firing angle 16.00 = 180° v900-v949 time settings 1.00 = 1 sec v950-vs99 time settings 4.00 = 100 sec AK-SEiG0/ THEDESCROOC issued: 27.08.1996 B212.30026 Page 34/41 3523794 /o3a ‘Operation Manual CIRATA II - Excitation System ATM Scalings var signal function value 803 NormUs normalization factor for synchron. voltage 4.0000 805 Normif normalization factor for field current 1.0664 813 NormUg normalization factor for stator voltage 4.0098 817 Normig normalization factor for stator current 1.3662 Parameters Field Current Regulator ve24 SWAI start set value field current regulator 0.1299 825 SWPI max. set value field current regulator 1.0498 ve26 SWNI min. set value field current regulator 0.0000 870 VPI proportional amplification field current regulator 4.0000 veo TNI integration time field current regulator 0.0000 Voltage Regulator ve30_WSTAT active load compensation 0.0000 ve31 BSTAT reactive load compensation 0.0000 827 SWAU start set value voltage regulator 1.0249 828 =SWPU max. set value voltage regulator 1.1499 ve2o SWNU min, set value voltage regulator 0.7998 872 VPU amplification voltage regulator 7.0000 v902 TNU settling time voltage regulator 0.7002 va71 KOU

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