Isha Bhatia, Enrolment no-A039139920007,BBA(Fs&M), Batch-2020-23

Assignm
Task-1 ent -1
SUMMARY

AI in storytelling: Machines as Cocreators

AI would enhance their work by providing insights that increase a story’s emotional pull—for instance, identifying a
musical score or visual image that helps engender feelings of hope. This breakthrough technology would supercharge
storytellers, helping them thrive in a world of seemingly infinite audience demand. Before getting into the research, let’s
talk about emotional arcs. We theorize that a story’s emotional arc largely explains why some movies earn accolades
and others fall flat.There’s evidence that a story’s emotional arc can influence audience engagement—how much
people comment on a video on social media, for example, or praise it to their friends. Master storytellers—from Sendak
to Spielberg to Proust to Pixar—are skilled at eliciting our emotions. With an instinctive read of our pulse, they tune
their story to provoke joy, sadness, and anger at crucial moments. But even the best storytellers can deliver uneven
results, with some Shakespeare plays leaving audience members feeling indifferent or disconnected. But machines can
view an untagged video and create an emotional arc for the story based on all of its audio and visual elements. MIT’s
machine-learning models have already reviewed thousands of videos and constructed emotional arcs for each one. To
measure their accuracy, we asked volunteers to annotate movie clips with various emotional labels. AI can also be used
to predict audience engagement , visual arcs indeed predicted audience engagement, with movies in several families
generating more viewer comments. Working as part of a broader collaboration between MIT’s Lab for Social Machines
and McKinsey’s Consumer Tech and Media team, developed machine-learning models that rely on deep neural
networks to “watch” small slices of video—movies, TV, and short online features—and estimate their positive or
negative emotional content by the second. MIT’s machine-learning models have already reviewed thousands of videos
and constructed emotional arcs for each one. These insights will not necessarily send screenwriters back to the drawing
board—that would be like asking George Orwell to tack a happy ending onto 1984 to cheer things up. But they could
inspire video storytellers to look at their content objectively and make edits to increase engagement. That could mean a
new musical score or a different image at crucial moments, as well as tweaks to plot, dialogue, and characters. As
storytellers increasingly realize the value of AI, and as these tools become more readily available, we could see a major
change in the way video stories are created. In the same way directors can now integrate motion capture in their work,
writers and storyboarders might work alongside machines, using AI capabilities to sharpen stories and amplify the
emotional pull. In future AI and humans could collaborate to tell a story. As always, human storytellers would create a
screenplay with clever plot twists and realistic dialogue. AI would enhance their work by providing insights that increase
a story’s emotional pull This breakthrough technology would supercharge storytellers, helping them thrive in a world of
seemingly infinite audience demand.
 Task-2
Q1) Five cloud strategy pitfalls and how to avoid them for effective use of cloud services.

A1) 1). Downtime

Downtime is often cited as one of the biggest disadvantages of cloud computing. Since cloud computing systems are
internet-based, service outages are always an unfortunate possibility and can occur for any reason.

Can your business afford the impacts of an outage or slowdown? An outage on Amazon Web Services in 2017 cost
publicly traded companies up to $150 million dollars. Unfortunately, no organization is immune, especially when critical
business processes cannot afford to be interrupted. In June and July of 2019, a whole slew of companies and services
were hit by outages, including Cloudflare (a major web services provider), Google, Amazon, Shopify, Reddit, Verizon,
and Spectrum.

Best practices for minimizing planned downtime in a cloud environment

 Design services with high availability and disaster recovery in mind. Leverage the multi-availability zones
provided by cloud vendors in your infrastructure.
 If your services have a low tolerance for failure, consider multi-region deployments with automated failover
to ensure the best business continuity possible.
 Define and implement a disaster recovery plan in line with your business objectives that provide the lowest
possible recovery time (RTO) and recovery point objectives (RPO).

2). Vulnerability to attack

In cloud computing, every component is online, which exposes potential vulnerabilities. Even the best teams suffer
severe attacks and security breaches from time to time. Since cloud computing is built as a public service, it’s easy to run
before you learn to walk. After all, no one at a cloud vendor checks your administration skills before granting you an
account: all it takes to get started is generally a valid credit card.

Best practices to help you reduce cloud attacks

 Make security a core aspect of all IT operations.

 Keep ALL your teams up-to-date with cloud security best practices.
 Ensure security policies and procedures are regularly checked and reviewed.
 Proactively classify information and apply access control.
 Use cloud services such as AWS Inspector, AWS CloudWatch, AWS CloudTrail, and AWS Config to automate
compliance controls.
 Prevent data exfiltration.
These practices will help your organization monitor for the exposure and movement of critical data, defend crucial
systems from attack and compromise, and authenticate access to infrastructure and data to protect against further
risks.

3). Limited control and flexibility

Since the cloud infrastructure is entirely owned, managed, and monitored by the service provider, it transfers minimal
control over to the customer.

To varying degrees (depending on the particular service), cloud users may find they have less control over the function
and execution of services within a cloud-hosted infrastructure. A cloud provider’s end-user license agreement (EULA)
and management policies might impose limits on what customers can do with their deployments. Customers retain
control of their applications, data, and services, but may not have the same level of control over their backend
infrastructure.

Best practices for maintaining control and flexibility

 Consider using a cloud provider partner to help with implementing, running, and supporting cloud services.
 Understand your responsibilities and the responsibilities of the cloud vendor in the shared responsibility
model to reduce the chance of omission or error.
 Make time to understand your cloud service provider’s basic level of support. Will this service level meet
your support requirements? Most cloud providers offer additional support tiers over and above the basic
support for an additional cost.
 Make sure you understand the SLA concerning the infrastructure and services you’re going to use and how
that will impact your agreements with your customers.

4). Vendor lock-in

Vendor lock-in is another perceived disadvantage of cloud computing. Easy switching between cloud services is a service
that hasn’t yet completely evolved, and organizations may find it difficult to migrate their services from one vendor to
another. Differences between vendor platforms may create difficulties in migrating from one cloud platform to another,
which could equate to additional costs and configuration complexities. Gaps or compromises made during migration
could also expose your data to additional security and privacy vulnerabilities.

Best practices to decrease dependency

 Design with cloud architecture best practices in mind. All cloud services provide the opportunity to improve
availability and performance, decouple layers, and reduce performance bottlenecks. If you have built your
services using cloud architecture best practices, you are less likely to have issues porting from one cloud
platform to another.
 Properly understand what your vendors are selling to help avoid lock-in challenges.
  Employ a multi-cloud strategy to avoid vendor lock-in. While this may add both development and
operational complexity to your deployments, it doesn’t have to be a deal breaker. Training can help prepare
teams to architect and select best-fit services and technologies.
 Build in flexibility as a matter of strategy when designing applications to ensure portability now and in the
future.
 Build your applications with services that offer cloud-first advantages, such as modularity and portability of
microservices and code. Think containers and Kubernetes.

5). Cost concerns

Adopting cloud solutions on a small scale and for short-term projects can be perceived as being expensive. However, the
most significant cloud computing benefit is in terms of IT cost savings. Pay-as-you-go cloud services can provide more
flexibility and lower hardware costs, but the overall price tag could end up being higher than you expected. Until you are
sure of what will work best for you, it’s a good idea to experiment with a variety of offerings. You might also make use of
the cost calculators made available by providers like Amazon Web Services and Google Cloud Platform.

Best practices to reduce costs

 Try not to over provision your services, but rather look into using auto-scaling services.
 Ensure you have the option to scale DOWN as well as UP.
 Pre-pay and take advantage of reserved instances if you have a known minimum usage.
 Automate the process to start/stop your instances to save money when they are not being used.
 Create alerts to track cloud spending.

Q3)Discuss the various techniques to secure your data to effectively reduce your business risk.

A3)

1. Beef Up Password Requirements 

Good data security starts with a memorable but complex password. You can improve practices at your business by using
password standards from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

Employee passwords should have an eight-character minimum but not include overly complicated rules. For instance,
don’t force employees to create 25-character passwords with five symbols and seven upper-case letters.

If you need more examples of passwords to avoid, NIST offers those, too:

 12345678
 Sunshine
 Abc123
 !@#$%^&*
2. Limit Admin Access

Don’t fall into the trap of giving every employee admin access. Employees with admin access could lock you out of your
website, your bank account, your social media pages, and so much more.

Plus, they could delete users in applications that are essential to your business. You can give editor and contributor
status to several people, but save admin status for yourself and a trusted team member. 

 3. Backup and Update

Always keep a backup of your data in case your computer or phone is stolen. It's bad enough dealing with a theft, so you
don't want the stress of losing data, too.

It's not always theft that takes your data, though. Malware, viruses, and system failures can all wipe out your data,
which is why software updates are essential. Updated systems have a fighting chance at keeping out security threats.

4. Think About Where You Share

You can create headaches by sharing data in the wrong place with the wrong permissions. For instance, Google Docs lets
you share wholesale price lists with customers.

An employee or customer could delete the Google Docs information by accident if you share in "edit" mode instead of
"view" mode.

 5. Create Processes for Removing Access

If an employee leaves your small business, make it a priority to delete them as a user on your accounts. Make it easier
on yourself by using a checklist of accesses your current employees have.

If an employee leaves under bad circumstances, you don’t want money to disappear or hostile posts to come from your
compromised Facebook page

Q5)Elaborate on various new platforms used in mitigating cyber threats in financial institutions.

A5) The cybersecurity measures and methods that financial companies should consider include:
 
 Phishing prevention: Hold frequent employee trainings so they can recognize and avoid phishing scams and give
employees an easy way to report phishing attempts. The majority of phishing emails are most successful in the
first hour, so a good reporting system can prevent future clicks by alerting the entire organization of a phishing
attempt early on. Looking beyond employees, banks can also spread security awareness to customers on the
prevalence and danger of phishing.
  Two factor authentication (2FA): Financial companies should use two-factor authentication on customer-facing
applications and any cloud-based email accounts. With 2FA, even if bad actors steal a set of credentials, they
can’t easily access the system because it requires additional information to authorize access.

 Monitor system access: To avoid and detect privilege misuse, banks should monitor and log employee access to
sensitive financial data. They should make it clear to employees that system activities are supervised for
fraudulent transactions.

 Malware monitoring and protection: Financial services organizations should monitor their systems for
suspicious behaviors that indicate a botnet or DoS attack or presence of malware. Additionally, they should
ensure that they have adequate protection against these attacks by implementing anti-malware defenses. 

Task-3

1)SAP
Based in Waldorf, Germany, SAP has been a frontrunner for large enterprises. Although the implementation process can
be lengthy, it is often well-tailored to any given organization, according to the report.

SAP S/4 HANA (High-performance Analytics Appliance) "uses in-memory, column-oriented, and relational technology to
speed data retrieval. It acts as an intermediary between software requesting data and the databases themselves,"
according to TechRepublic's Smart Person Guide. By doing this, it can free up IT resources.
SAP also has cloud solutions like Aribra and Hybris that can help consolidate the system landscape. And its Business One
& SAP Business ByDesign, ideal for small and midsize companies, "provide comprehensive functionality for financials,
sales, operations and customer relations," according to the report.

MODULE: -
ERP SAP software provides various SAP modules, such as FICO, MM, HR, ABAP, SD, PP, PS, CRM, etc for handling day to
day business activities of an organization.
SAP Modules are further divided in to two types of modules i.e., SAP Functional modules & SAP Technical modules. Each
module of SAP R/3 system can be integrated with other SAP modules, so the processed data of one module can be used
by other modules. The important modules of SAP are:

2. Oracle ERP Cloud:

Oracle is a top name for large enterprises in the ERP business, and especially with its acquisition of NetSuite, has been
successful in offering a platform that can deliver add-on functionality, as harnessing NetSuite's SaaS tools.
According to the report, Oracle "provides an integrated and comprehensive suite of financials, procurement, project
management, risk management and enterprise performance management powered by machine learning and artificial
intelligence."
It "led the Magic Quadrant for cloud core financial management suites for large, midsize and global enterprises for the
third year straight," according to Panorama.
In particular, NetSuite "excels in IPO, fast-growing and midsize businesses," and "provides pre-configured workflows,
dashboards, functional roles and KPIs, enabling rapid implementation."

MODULE: -
This oracle ERP module consists of an inventory module, purchase order import module, process manufacturing,
discrete manufacturing, and manufacturing intelligence
1. Oracle ERP Financials: -
One of the most important ERP modules to have is an ERP financial module. While every business may operate
differently, financial data affects all departments of an organization. The financial module in the Oracle ERP system gives
financial capability to empower modern finance, expense management, accounting engines, revenue management, and
more. The three offerings in this Oracle module consist of the accounting hub cloud, financials cloud - consisting of
expenses and budgetary control - and the Oracle Revenue Management Cloud.
2. Oracle ERP Manufacturing: -
The goal of this ERP module is to provide complete inventory management and streamline production cycles as a
component of the supply chain management system. This oracle ERP module consists of an inventory module, purchase
order import module, process manufacturing, discrete manufacturing, and manufacturing intelligence.

3. Microsoft:

For businesses that are already using Microsoft's technology, choosing Microsoft for ERP could be a smart idea.
Microsoft offers robust products for small and mid-sized organizations, and is becoming a growing force, looking
towards larger organizations as well. 
According to the report, Microsoft "has a strong ecosystem of ISV channel partners providing 'last mile' functionality."

Its Dynamics 365 Business Central, for instance, offers the following features, according to the report:
Targeted for the small and midmarket space.
Recently rebuilt in Azure technology, making it a pure SaaS model with other deployment options.
Based on best practices of NAV, GP and SL

MODULE: -

With the public sector solutions, you acquire a unified, full range of business services and transactions to effectively
manage all operations with one database to improve the interdepartmental communications. You easily access all these
services through kiosks, telephone, web portals, front counter terminals and email. You acquire very advanced options
for excellent performance including:
 
1. Citizen access

You need to effectively streamline communications with the citizens, and with this solution, you can efficiently manage
functions including billing, licensing, citizen self-service and permitting. Your citizens get twenty-four–seven access
anywhere through the internet.

2. Mobility
 
You get accurate and rapid field data collection in order to efficiently manage the government details.

3. Infor:

Medium and large companies, both national and global, should consider Infor, which is an emerging solution for the
enterprise, offering a set of applications specific to particular organizations. 

The Infor M3 can offer help for "after-sales service providers, distributors and a variety of manufacturing verticals," the
report states.

Infor Cloud suite Distribution can allow wholesale distributors to "detect trends and monitor inventory demand," as well
as offer organizations a way to "maintain a lean supply chain and implement new digital strategies." 
And Infor Cloud suite Industrial which is ideal for the manufacturing industry, offers an "open source technology stack,
which allows for more flexibility to refine manufacturing processes" and is "designed with features for repetitive
manufacturing and capabilities to simplify implementation."
4. IFS:
Crafted for industries such as aerospace and defence, utilities and resources, construction and infrastructure,
manufacturing and service industries, IFS have "robust end-to-end functionality," the report states, and is well-suited for
"large consumer packaged goods organizations with a global footprint."

The report highlights IFS' ability to handle the following domains:

Enterprise Resource Planning
Enterprise Asset Management
Service Management
IFS Applications
IFS Maintenix
Enterprise Operational Intelligence
IFS Cloud
5. Workday:
Workday, which provides HCM for medium and large enterprises, has recently grown into a full ERP solution, offering a
flexible product and expanding its ecosystem. With its focus on financial management, the report notes, "the Workday
solution is a robust SaaS product that is growing into an end-to-end ERP."

The report highlights Workday's success in the following fields: 

Communications
Energy and Resources
Financial Services
Government
Healthcare
Higher Education
Hospitality
Insurance
K-12
Life Sciences
Manufacturing
Media & Entertainment
Non profit
Professional and Business Services
Retail and Technology
6.  Epicor:
Small and medium enterprises should look to Epicor, which has put resources toward R&D, and recently partnered with
Microsoft. Epicor 10, its original offering, is suited for manufacturing, and also "provides multiple deployment models,
including a SaaS offering, as needed," the report states.

Prophet 21, a "built-for-purpose distribution application...is a leader in supply chain optimization." And Epicor's Eagle N
Series, a retail application, offers Post and omnichannel capabilities, the report states.
7. Abas:
The abas ERP system can assist small and midsize manufacturers in "the assemble-to-order, make-to-order and
engineer- to-order environments," the report states, offering to tailor the service to customers' needs. 
Abas "provides multiple deployment options, including on-premise, cloud and hybrid," as well.

Here are some areas where abas can help your business:
Advanced Planning & Scheduling
Business Intelligence
Production Management
CAD Integration
Quotation Management
Full Financial Accounting
Flexible Product Costing
Returns, Service and Repair
CRM & Sales Management

8. Deltek: 
Deltek, which is experiencing a period of expansion, offers options for small to large enterprises "with flexibility in their
basic versus advanced functionality," the report states. This vendor can also "resolve the operational and regulatory
needs of discrete manufacturing firms," and help industry-specific accounting, invoicing and materials management with
performance management, client management, and financial management tools (Maconomy) as well as services for
architecture and engineering firms (Vantagepoint).

Deltek offers:
Reporting & Business Intelligence
CRM and Pipeline Management
Resource Management
Project Management
Accounting & Financial Management
 
9. Sage Enterprise Management: 
The report notes that Sage's ERP, which can work with customers across the globe, from public companies to start-ups,
has strong end-to-end functionality, as well as an "intuitive user interface"––leading to high adoption rates. 
Together, Sage Cloud X3, Sage 100Cloud, and Sage300Cloud offer financial management, customer service, sales,
distribution, and manufacturing, as well as inventory and business intelligence functionality, the report notes.

Task4-

Ten reasons why we need google analytics for business growth of the chosen industry. The points are given below:

1. To know where visitors came from:

Understanding your referral traffic is key to creating a great marketing strategy. Say you've set up an online store and
you want to know what kind of marketing strategies or technology you need to invest in.
For this, you'll need to know what your customers are looking for. So, setting up Google Analytics will take you down to
the grassroots of where your visitor source is from. Is your online store witnessing a lot of mobile traffic? Then investing
in an optimised mobile app can help draw in more customers.

2.To Understand which Geographical area brings in the most customers:

GA's acquisition section maintains detailed reports of where your users are from. Why do you need this information?
Understanding where your customers are from helps you formulate marketing strategies and solutions that address
their frustration points. You'll also be able to gauge whether there is a growing potential for your products/service.
Let's say your business sells winter jackets. You'll know that your customer base will be people from regions that
experience a harsh winter. You can accordingly create campaigns/promotions, design products or put out content that
will benefit these customers. This way, your business will be able to retain old customers and expand the customer
base.

3. To segment your customer base:

Each one of your customers is different. They react to your website differently and they perform different actions on it.
You can use GA's Advanced Segments feature to classify your customers based on certain factors.
Say, a clothing store might have a special section for pricey designer wear. They might have only a niche customer
segment that actually purchase these products. They can create a segment on GA to target specific campaigns meant
only for them. This way you'll add more value to your marketing strategies.

4. To create and track effective campaigns:

As a business, you'll be constantly looking to acquire more customers. To draw attention to your business, you need to
create campaigns that reach out to your customers. You also need to measure the impact these campaigns have on your
them.
For example: if you've created an email campaign to target a customer segment, you need to keep a track of which
emails are really bringing in customers to your website and which aren't. Accordingly, you need to shape your email's
content so it can garner more leads/customers.

5. To check if you're achieving 'Goals':

Goals on Google Analytics helps you track how much your business is progressing. You can assign a number of goals to
help you track the customer's journey based on their actions. Let's say a first-time visitor who just landed on your
website, has filled in a form providing their email address. This is a goal, as it helps you nurture him into a customer
thereby adding to the success of your business.
You can set numerous goals to study each conversion that takes place. This helps you formulate a campaign or strategy
that addresses that stage of the customer journey.

6. To learn what search terms bring in traffic:

To attract traffic, you need to have visibility on Google. And to do this you need to have the right keywords and search
terms embedded in your website's content. GA allows you to see which keywords are attracting a lot of visitors. The
acquisition section gives you a breakdown of each search query that is directing users to your site.
Let's say you're selling high-heeled footwear on your website. The search term 'shoes' or 'footwear' may not give you a
visible ranking on google, as the keyword is common. You can instead choose keywords like high heels, 'party footwear'
to get more visibility and acquire traffic that is specifically looking for your product.

7. To study your competition:

GA allows you insights into competitor analysis. You can compare traffic stats with those of your competitor. You can
see how many visitors your competitor is acquiring. You can compare them to check if your website is engaging enough
to beat the competition.

8. To understand the kind of content you should create:

Good content is a passage that helps you reach out to customers. This is why businesses create informative blogs,
infographics that can add value to the customer's business. You need to keep a track of what content receives a lot of
viewership and social shares. Then you can streamline your content to suit your customer's needs.
GA generates a breakdown of the pageviews each of your blog posts have received. So, if you notice a blog post has
done well in the past, but the content is redundant now, you can rework on it so you can generate more traffic.

9. To understand why visitors might be bouncing off your site:

Most businesses encounter a large visitor traffic but not enough conversions. This means users are coming across your
website, visiting it, but not finding what they're looking for. If you've seen a high bounce rate, you'll need to dig in to
find out why. Google Analytics provides a detailed report of pages that are experiencing a high bounce rate.
It could be that your site is not optimised properly and is attracting irrelevant traffic, or your landing page is not
attractive enough to get them to sign up. You can then work on improving your site's layout navigation and search terms
to attract the right traffic.

10.To understand which social platforms to target:

Social platforms are a great way to engage with your customers. You have access to view what they enjoy and
Task-5
accordingly place ads that will catch their attention. Social media ads require you to set a generous budget aside so you
can choose the best platform to advertise to your customers. If you see a lot of customer engagement on Twitter, then
you need to advertise promotions on the platform. So, you'll have to set aside a budget for that.
Google Analytics help you gauge which platform is bringing in customers and is witnessing customer engagement. You
can check how much conversion value social media is generating, traffic entering from social referrals and how many
users are talking about you.
Step 1. Gathering Information: Purpose, Main Goals, and Target Audience

This stage, the stage of discovering and researching, determines how the subsequent steps will look like. The most
important task at this point is to get a clear understanding of your future website purposes, the main goals you wish to
get, and the target audience you want to attract to your site. Such kind of a website development questionnaire helps to
develop the best strategy for further project management.

News portal differs from the entertainment websites, and online resources for teenagers look different than sites for
adults. Different types of websites provide visitors with different functionality, which means that different technologies
should be used according to purposes. A well-described and detailed plan based on this pre-development data can
protect you from spending extra resources on solving the unexpected issues such as design changing or adding the
functionality that wasn’t initially planned.

Estimated time: from 1 to 2 weeks

Step 2. Planning: Sitemap and Wireframe Creation

At this stage of the website development cycle, the developer creates the data that allows a customer to judge how the
entire site will look like.

Based on the information that was gathered together in the previous phase, the sitemap is created.

The sitemap should describe the relations between the main areas of your website. Such representation could help
understand how usable the final product will be. It can show you the “relationship” between the different pages of a
website, so you can judge how easy it will be for the end-user to find the required information or service if he starts
from the main page. The main reason behind the sitemap creation is to build a user-friendly and easy to navigate
website.

The sitemap allows you to understand how the inner structure of a website looks like but doesn’t describe the user
interface. Sometimes, before you start to code or even work on a design, there’s a necessity to get approval from a
customer that everything looks fine so you can begin the next phase of developing. In this case, a wireframe or mock-
up is created. A wireframe is a visual representation of the user interface that you’re going to create. But it doesn’t
contain any design elements such as colors, logos, etc. It only describes the elements that will be added to the page and
their location. It’s artless and cheap in production sketch.

You can use any mockup for this purpose. We used Moqups. Here’s how the wireframe can look like:

The other important thing is select technology stack – programming language, frameworks, CMS that you’re going to
use.

Estimated time: from 2 to 6 weeks

Step 3. Design: Page Layouts, Review, and Approval Cycle

During the design phase, your website takes shape. All the visual content, such as images, photos, and videos is created
at this step. Once again, all the info that was gathered through the first phase is crucial. The customer and target
audience must be kept in mind while you work on a design.

The website layout is the result of a designer’s work. It can be a graphic sketch or an actual graphic design. The primary
function of the layout is to represent the information structure, visualize the content, and demonstrate the basic
functionality. Layouts contain colors, logos, images and can give a general understanding of the future product.

After that, the customer can review the layout and send you his feedback. If the client is not sure about some aspects of
your design, you should change the layout and send it back to him. This cycle should be repeated until the customer is
completely satisfied.

Estimated time: from 4 to 12 weeks

Step 4.  Content Writing and Assembly

Content writing and compiling usually overlaps with other stages of website creation, and its role can’t be
underestimated.  At this step, it is necessary to put in writing the very essence you’d like to communicate to the
audience of your website and add calls-to-action. Content writing also involves the creation of catching headlines, text
editing, writing new text, compiling the existing text, etc., which takes time and effort. As a rule, the client undertakes to
provide website content ready to migrate to the site. It is better when all website content is provided before or during
website coding.

Estimated time: from 5 to 15 weeks

Step 5. Coding

At this step, you can finally start creating the website itself. Graphic elements that have been designed during the
previous stages should be used to create an actual website. Usually, the home page is created first, and then all sub-
pages are added, according to the website hierarchy that was previously created in the form of a sitemap. Frameworks
and CMS should be implemented to make sure that the server can handle the installation and set-up smoothly.

All static web page elements that were designed during the mock-up and layout creation should be created and tested.
Then, special features and interactivity should be added. A deep understanding of every website development
technology that you’re going to use is crucial at this phase.

When you use CMS for site creation, you can also install CMS plugins at this step if there’s a need. The other important
step is SEO (Search Engine Optimization). SEO is the optimization of website elements ( e.g., title, description, keyword)
that can help your site achieve higher rankings in the search engines. And, once again, valid code is pretty important for
SEO.

Estimated time: from 6 to 15 weeks

Step 6. Testing, Review, and Launch

Testing is probably the most routine part of a process. Every single link should be tested to make sure that there are no
broken ones among them. You should check every form, every script, run a spell-checking software to find possible
typos. Use code validators to check if your code follows the current web standards. Valid code is necessary, for example,
if cross-browser compatibility is crucial for you.

After you check and re-check your website, it’s time to upload it to a server. An FTP (File Transfer Protocol) software is
used for that purpose. After you deployed the files, you should run yet another, final test to be sure that all your files
have been installed correctly.

Estimated time: from 2 to 4 weeks

Step 7. Maintenance: Opinion Monitoring and Regular Updating

What’s important to remember is that a website is more of a service than a product. It’s not enough to “deliver” a
website to a user. You should also make sure that everything works fine, and everybody is satisfied and always be
prepared to make changes in another case.

The feedback system added to the site will allow you to detect possible problems the end-users face. The highest
priority task, in this case, is to fix the problem as fast as you can. If you won’t, you may find one day that your users
prefer to use another website rather than put up with the inconvenience.

The other important thing is keeping your website up to date. If you use a CMS, regular updates will prevent you from
bugs and decrease security risks.

Task-6
Step #1: Research Web Hosting Providers

Web hosting is just like any other consumer product or service.

If you wanted to buy a new car, you wouldn’t just walk up to a dealer and purchase the first one on the lot. You’d
research different types of cars, makes, models, and dealerships to help you make an informed decision.

The same applies to web hosting.

All web hosting providers are not the same. Some are undoubtedly better than others.

Here’s the thing. There are dozens, if not hundreds of different web hosting providers on the market today. Your
research process can help narrow your search. You’ll be able to eliminate certain hosts right away.

There are web hosting providers out there that specialize in speed, while others prioritize customer service. Some
providers are best for small business websites and others are best for agencies or enterprises.

So where should you start your research?

Don’t just blindly start clicking through different web hosts on Google. That’s way too time-consuming and it won’t be
very productive. Plus, you won’t know what to look for to see if the company is legit or not.

Nobody is going to search through all of those results. Instead, I’d recommend finding a third-party guide of reviews.

As an expert in web hosting, I’ve written one of these guides myself. After personally checking the features and
performance of nearly every web host in existence, I was able to narrow down the top options. So check out my list of
the best web hosting providers.

• Bluehost

• DreamHost

• SiteGround

• HostGator

• Hostinger

• InMotion

• WP Engine

• GoDaddy

• A2 Hosting

You don’t need to pick a provider just yet. But the research process will guide you in the right direction as you continue
through each step in this guide.

Step #2: Determine Your Budget

Your budget is more than picking a price point. In fact, it will also depend on the features you need and the type of
hosting that you want (which we’ll get to in the next step).

How much does web hosting cost?

You can find hosting providers that offer plans for less than $1 per month, and other providers offering plans for $2,000
per month.

Having a rough idea of what you’re willing and able to spend will at least help you narrow down your options.

Our biggest piece of advice: Cheaper does not mean better. In fact, cheap web hosting is frequently an indicator of bad
web hosting services.

That said, there are plenty of good affordable options out there.
To find out what’s right for you, assess your website and goals. For example, if you’re starting a small personal blog and
not expecting tons of traffic, you can get away with paying less than $5 or $10 per month for a cheap web hosting
provider. Small business owners and ecommerce sites would likely want to look towards a higher pricing tier.

Web hosting is like any other type of product or service. In most instances, you get what you pay for. So don’t expect to
pay $2 per month for the best web hosting experience on the planet.

While price doesn’t automatically equate to quality, it’s usually a good indication of how many additional features and
benefits you’ll get with the plan.

If you want dedicated resources, lightning-fast loading speeds, cPanel, freebies, and 24/7 customer support, you can
expect to pay a bit more for those hosting services.

Step #3: Choose a Hosting Type

Now that you’ve had a chance to research some providers and get an idea of how much you want to spend, it’s time to
determine the type of hosting that’s best for your website.

You have four main options to choose from:

• Shared hosting

• VPS hosting

• Dedicated hosting

• Cloud hosting

Step #4: Select Your Hosting Plan

Using the information you’ve gathered in the first three steps, it’s time for you to choose a hosting plan.

Find a provider that offers the type of web hosting option you need at a price point that’s within your budget. You’ll
likely have at least a couple of choices that fit this description. So here are some other factors that you should keep in
mind when you’re evaluating a hosting plan.

Uptime

Uptime is the most important feature in web hosting. If your hosting provider isn’t offering a minimum of 99.9% uptime,
then look elsewhere. Most web hosts will offer an uptime guarantee in their plans, and compensate you if they fail to
meet that promise.

Resources

You need to make sure that your plan has enough resources to accommodate your website content and traffic.

The first thing to look at is RAM, which is your storage. 4 GB of RAM is enough for an average website. That’s the
minimum I would recommend for you.
Next, you’ll have to consider the bandwidth offered in the plan. 120 GB of bandwidth is enough for 2,000 daily page
loads of a 4 GB website. So if you are expecting more traffic or plan to have a larger website, you need to get more
bandwidth.

Customer Support

You may not think so right now, but aside from the performance of your hosting plan, customer service should be your
next priority. Roughly 20% of web hosting customers agree with this.

In a perfect world, nothing will ever go wrong with your website or servers. But realistically, something is bound to go
wrong at some point. That’s just the nature of the web hosting world. It happens to everyone, and your site probably
won’t be immune from it.

During a time of trouble, you want to be able to get in contact with your web host immediately. So look for a plan that
offers 24/7 support via phone and live chat.

Aside from that, you should also look for providers that have a knowledge base and resource center that will teach you
how to do certain tasks on their platform. This type of customer support can really help you get the most out of your
web hosting plan.

Renewal Rates

You need to look beyond the introductory rate of your web hosting plan to make sure that it will continue to fit within
your budget in the coming years.

It’s common practice in the web hosting industry for providers to heavily discount new contracts, and then increase the
fees when it’s time to renew. Normally, you can lock in the best possible rate by committing to the longest term length,
which is usually up to 36 months.

But make sure you know how much your plan will cost you at the end of that period.

Freebies, Add-ons, and Additional Features

You should also be looking for plans that give you the best value for your money. Most hosting providers will include
some extras in their plans as an incentive for you to sign up.

Here are some common features to look for:

• Free domain (usually for the first year)

• Free SSL certificate

• Free cPanel license

• Google Ads credit

• Free site builder

• Free site migration

• Unlimited email accounts

• Automatic backups

Most plans come with a money-back guarantee as well. 30 days seems to be the industry standard for this, but I’ve seen
plans offer up to 97 days for you to change your mind.

Step #5: Register Your Domain Name

The domain name is your digital address. Ours is www.quicksprout.com.

I included this step last because you can potentially register your domain name from your hosting provider when you
sign up for a hosting plan. Sometimes this will even come free depending on the plan and provider you go with.

But with that said, you can register your domain name elsewhere before you settle on a plan.

Personally, I like to keep my domain registration services and web hosting services separate. So I’d recommend using a
domain registrar for this step. If you’re lost and don’t know where to do this, take a look at my guide on the best domain
registrars.

Getting your domain from a web host isn’t necessarily wrong. So it’s fine if that’s what you prefer.

Regardless of where you get it from, this step needs to be completed in order for your website to be live on the web.