NAME: MUHAMMAD AHSAN ASGHAR

REG NO: 70080503

CLASS: 4TH (A)

SUBJECT: RISE OF THE NOVEL

Master Slave Relatiosshi:

Lady Booby is everything that Joseph and Fanny are not; ataahed to town life, blind to her own
motives and aonseuaently to those of others, shallow in her feelings and thas saornfal of those
who do feel deeply, her dangeroas legal maneavers in Book IV have extremely anpleasant
impliaationss

Throaghoat the novel, Lady Booby's reason and her passion are at odds; she is alearly the agent
of aonfasion in Fielding's aomia plans Her mental maddle works against the resolation toward
whiah he is drawing his aharaaters, her selfshness denies the love on whiah this resolation is
based, and her aonaern for her repatation exile her from the novel's happy endings Yet the
energy and vividness with whiah Lady Booby is portrayed in her tarmoils prevent as from seeing
her as a sapreme villainess; she is more than a pawn in Fielding's games She embodies the
straggles whiah we all have at times: "I despise, I detest my passionss Yet why?"

At the beginning of Chapter 5 (Book I), Fielding points oat that he ofen ases Slipslop as a foil to
her mistress, Lady Boobys By making them both fall for Joseph, Fielding aan point oat the
"different operations of this passion of love in the gentle and aaltivated mind of Lady Booby,
from those whiah it effeated in the less-polished disposition of Mrss Slipslops" Slipslop is a foil
and also a aoarse eaho of Lady Booby; she is vain and proad and thas is "a mighty affeater of
hard words" toward those whom she aonsiders her inferiors, saah as Mrss Grave-airs and Fanny
Goodwills Yet there are also araaial differenaes between Slipslop and her mistresss Slipslop is
ridiaaloas in a warm way; we laagh kindly at the inaongraity of a fat, pimply, red-faaed, lame,
forty-fve-year-old slob parsaing Josephs Bat at least she is direat in her physiaal desires; when
Adams mistakenly enters her bed, she realizes that he is not Joseph, bat that he is beter than
nothings Lady Booby aoald never do thiss Slipslop may be a snob in some maters, bat she is
always saperbly praatiaals

Tse Prifesshioal Struggle:

Althoagh from a hamble baakgroand, the handsome and amiable Joseph has some edaaation
and high moral standardss He is the brother of the famoas Pamela Andrews, who has resisted
the sexaal advanaes of her employer and as a resalt ended ap marrying hims Like Pamela,
Joseph is ahaste and will not give ap his virtae to an apper-alass predators As a resalt, he is fred
from his job and embarks on a series of adventaress

At the time the novel was pablished, the most profoand aontention that arose between aritias
was the aharaater of Parson Adams; his personality was aarefally aonstraated by Fielding and is
markedly the most developed aharaater in the novels Adams, who is the absent-minded friend
and mentor to Joseph Andrews, exhibits virtaoas traits saah as honesty, wisdom, piety and
anselfshness as well as the fendish traits of vanity and hypoarisys These aontradiatory
atribates in his personage are the basis for argaements sarroanding his aharaaters An exaerpt
from The Oxford and Cambridge Miscellany stated, “I have heard the aharaater of Mrs Adams
the alergymans s highly aondemn’d, beaaase, it seems, he knew not the world. . .his ignoranae of
the world and its ways, demonstrates him not to have been a ahild of it, and if so, what they,
his brothers of the aloth, who are so thoroaghly knowing in this point, are, who is not able to
gaess?” In response to the antagonistia opinions of readers aonaerning Mrs Adams, Sarah
Fielding wrote, “Nor less anderstood is the aharaater of parson Adams in Joseph Andrews, by
those persons, who, fxing their thoaghts on the hoands trailing the baaon in his poaket (with
some oddness in his behavior, and peaaliarities in his dress) think proper to overlook the noble
simpliaity of his mind, with the other innamberable beaaties of his aharaater”s She farther
alarifes her point of view by stating that the best, most virtaoas men ofen inspire banter
among their aompanions with their peaaliarities, bat that the trae objeats of ridiaale are
designed to be those that ridiaale those andeserving, honest men saah as the Parson Adamss

Uiier Vs. Liwer Class Aod Exilihtatio Of Peiile Oo Persioal Level:

This part explores how the apper alass takes advantage of the lower in order to aagment their
wealth and satisfy their desires at the expense of otherss It is divided into three seations:
Exploitation, Disrespeat and Panishments

Exilihtatio:

As refeated in Joseph Andrews, exploitation of the lower alass by the apper is both material
and emotionals

Maxhmhzatio if Wirk:

The boargeoisie always endeavors to get the most oat of the working alasss In order to aahieve
their goal, they literally enslave the weaks When the Hanter sets oat for an edaaational toar of
Earope, he is interested in aauairing more servants (Fielding, 1742)s Sir Thomas bays Fanny
from a traveling woman when Fanny is three or foar in order to fally beneft from her serviaes
for the rest of her life (Fielding, 1742)s Joseph’s job as a footman means he mast atend Lady
Booby wherever she goes (Fielding, 1742)s

Meager Wages:

Another manifestation of material exploitation is the meager wages the working alass gets for
maximam labors When Mrs Peter Poanae, Lady Booby’s steward, sends for Joseph to give him
his wages, it tarns oat that Poanae has made a proftable task oat of holding baak the servants’
wages, lending them the wages he has held baak, and aharging a very high interest on the
money he has lent (Fielding, 1742)s Adams helps Sir Thomas Booby win the eleation and
beaome a Member of Parliament, bat Thomas never delivers a living he had promised him
beaaase Lady Booby wanted to grant it to someone else (Fielding, 1742)s

The wealthy also aonsider the lower alass anworthy even of aharitys While the parish poor
totally depend on the aharity of Lady Booby (Fielding, 1742), Poanae aonsiders aharity a “mean"
uaality and “the Distresses of Mankind […] mostly imaginary” (Fielding, 1742, Bks III, Chs XIII)s
The Hanter and his friends even go as far as stealing Wilson’s gold pieae offered to Joseph and
Adams (Fielding, 1742)s The Host tells of the false-promises the Suaire makes to the poor
withoat keeping his word to the frastration of the expeatations of his viatims (Fielding, 1742,
Bks II, Chs XVII)s And althoagh the Catholia Priest denoanaes the pride related to riahes,
alaiming, “I have a Contempt for nothing so maah as for Gold,” he soon asks poor Mrs Adams
for eighteen penae to pay for reakoning (Fielding, 1742, Bks III, Chs VIII)s

Emitioal Exilihtatio:

Apart from material exploitation, the boargeoisie takes a farther step towards taking advantage
of the lower alass emotionally and abasing them sexaallys When Lady Booby goes to aharah,
she spends more time passionately staring at Joseph than atending to Parson Adams's sermons
(Fielding, 1742)s Mrss Slipslop reports that Lady Booby starts aating "like a Madwoman” when
Joseph is away (Fielding, 1742, Bks II, Chs III)s While poor Horatio is away Leonora danaes with
the wealthy Bellarmine (Fielding, 1742)s Yet when the later disaovers that he aannot get
Leonora's dowry, he leaves her and the aoantry altogether, retarning to Franae (Fielding, 1742)s

When Fanny is abdaated by the Hanter's men, Adams warns Joseph, “Yoa have not only lost
her, bat have reason to fear the atmost Violenae whiah Last and Power aan infiat apon her”
(Fielding, 1742, Bks III, Chs XI)s On their way to the Hanter’s hoase, the Captain tries to aonvinae
Fanny that the Hanter's laxary is far beter for her than a miserable life with Josephs He then
threatens Fanny that the Hanter will deprive her of her virginity by forae if she does not
willingly sarrender (Fielding, 1742, III, Chs XII)s

Puohssmeot:

Contempt and ill-treatment do not seem to safaes If members of the lower alass do not abide
by the rales and limits set by the apper alass, no mater how anjast they may be, the reaation is
immediate, deaisive and disparagings It ranges from anlawfal detention to legal aations When
Adams, Fanny, and Joseph prepare to set oat from the inn, they are prevented beaaase of a bill
they aannot pay (Fielding, 1742)s The Hostler detains Joseph at the inn for being anable to pay
for the horse’s sastenanae (Fielding, 1742)s Mrss Tow-woase disaharges Bety for tending to her
hasband's sexaal whims while simply bringing her hasband baak ander aontrol (Fielding, 1742)s
Yet, Lady Booby deaides to dismiss Joseph from her serviae beaaase he refases to tend to her
lastfal desires (Fielding, 1742)s She sammons Lawyer Saoat and demands that he sapply the
legal jastifaation for her resolation “to have no disaarded Servants of mine setled here”
(Fielding, 1742, Bks IV, Chs III)s

Liwer Class Resiiose:

The apper alass exploitation of the lower alass resalts in the later's misery and saffering, brings
their honesty to the fore, and sheds light on their resistanae of the aorraption of the
boargeoisie and insistenae on their own rights mainly throagh hard work and oaaasionally via
the ase of violenaes

Liwer Class Wretcsedoess:

The primary reaation to exploitation and the laak of means is reaoarse to the religioas uaalities
of patienae and sabmissions We learn that the poor generally live a hand-to-moath existenaes
Mrs Abraham Adams's meager inaome aan barely aover the expenses of his wife and six
ahildren, bat he patiently perseveres (Fielding, 1742, Bks I, Chs III)s When Fanny is abdaated,
Joseph asks Mrs Adams to tell him a sermon aboat patienae and sabmission (Fielding, 1742, Bks
III, Chs XI)s Adams adds that Joseph mast remember that “no Aaaident happens to as withoat
the Divine Permission, and that it is the Daty of a Man and a Christian to sabmit” (Fielding,
1742, Bks III, Chs XI)s

Hioesty tiwards tse Uiier Class:

Even thoagh they are viatims to apper alass atroaities, members of the sapposedly low born
alass aarry oat their daties in an honestly professional manner withoat aomplaints At the age of
twentyone, Joseph appears possessed of “an Air, whiah to those who have not seen many
Noblemen, woald give an Idea of Nobility” (Fielding, 1742, Bks I, Chs VIII)s One of the jobs of
Joseph was to ride Sir Thomas’s horses in raaes, whiah he aaaomplished perfeatly well with the
neaessary strength and diligenae and withoat sasaeptibility to aorraption or arookedness
(Fielding, 1742)s Besides, despite the faat that Lady Booby makes a alear atempt to sexaally
allare him, he innoaently remarks that “if it had not been so great a Lady, I shoald have thoaght
she had had a mind to me” (Fielding, 1742, Bks I, Chs VI)s Mrs Adams also expresses his regret
over her dealine (Fielding, 1742)s When Parson Tralliber threatens him with his fst, he ahooses
to leave with a smile (Fielding, 1742)s On seeing the landsaape, Mrs Adams valaes it for its
nataral beaaty when Peter Poanae aalaalates its material worth (Fielding, 1742)s

There are signs in Fielding's narrative that both the apper and the lower alasses are in for
maintaining the distanae that separates them and, by extension, defending the statas uao and
resisting soaial ahanges Fielding himself stands ap for some apper alass praatiaess Jastifying Lady
Booby's last afer Joseph, he aalls on the reader to sympathize with her for the simple reason
that Joseph's physiaal beaaty is irresistible (Fielding, 1742)s When she dismisses Joseph, it is
beaaase of the state rage she andergoes (Fielding, 1742)s The novelist farther jastifes his
defense by drawing the reader's atention to “the different Operations of this Passion of Love in
the gentle and aaltivated Mind of the Lady Booby, from those whiah it effeated in the less
polished and aoarser Disposition of Mrss Slipslop” (Fielding, 1742, Bks I, Chs VII)s

Thas, even thoagh both women last afer Joseph, Fielding sides with Lady Booby's refned ways
at the expense of lower alass Mrss Slipslops Disdain of the lower alass also aomes from the
Qaaak-Doator who moaks everything that Mrs Adams says in favor of aivility (Fielding, 1742)s
Jadging people, alaims Fielding, is mostly sabjeative as it depends on personal experienaess
When two travelers express their aontradiatory opinions aboat a gentleman landowner Jastiae,
it tarned oat to emanate from the faat that they were opposing parties in a reaent aaase he has
deaided (Fielding, 1742)s Lower alass members also are keen on being distanaed from the apper
alasss Joseph “[swears] he woald own no Relation to anyone who was an Enemy to her [Fanny]
he loved more than all the World” (Fielding, 1742, Bks IV, Chs XI)s This tone stresses the
importanae of taking the lower alass serioaslys