& testbook.com Binomial Distribution: Formula for Mean, Variance, Standard Deviation with Solved Examples 2021/10/14 The binomial distribution is a probability distribution that compiles the possibility that a value will take one of two independent values under a provided set of parameters/assumptions. With this article on binomial probability distribution, you will learn about the meaning and binomial distribution formula for mean, variance and more with solved examples The binomial distribution is generally employed to discrete distribution in statistics. The normal distribution is opposite to a binomial distribution is a continuous distribution. The binomial distribution outlines the probability for ‘q’ successes of an operation in ‘n’ trials, given a success probability ‘p’ for every trial at the experiment. Binomial Probability Distribution The algebraic expression which includes only two terms is known as binomial. It is also known as a two-term polynomial. It is the most simplistic form of a polynomial. For example, y +7 is a binomial, where y and 7 are two separate terms. Moreover, the coefficient of y is equal to 1 and the exponent of y is 1 and 7 is the constant in the equation. The probability distribution in statisties gives us the possibility of each outcome of a random event or experiment. It presents the probabilities of different possible events. Based on the distribution, the probability ean be divided into discrete distribution and continuous distribution. Examples of discrete distribution are Binomial, Poisson's distribution, etc. The examples of continuous. distribution are uniform, non-uniform, exponential distribution etc. Learn the various concepts of the Binomial Theorem here. Properties of Binomial Distribution The binomial distribution occurs when the experiment performed satisfies the 3 assumptions of the Bernoulli trial. A Bernoulli trial is an experiment that has specifically two possible results: success and failure. ‘The probability of success(p) and failure(1-p)remain the same for each trial The outcome of each trial must be independent of the other, i,e the outcome of one trial does not affect the outcomes of other trials.Some of the examples that follow binomial distribution are; dice related problems, coin tossing examples, samples with the replacement for a finite population, ete. Binomial Distribution Formula The binomial distribution is the discrete probability distribution that provides only two possible results in analysis, ie either success or failure(true or false/zero or one). For example, if you toss a coin, there would be only two possible outcomes: heads or tails, and if any type of test is practised, then there could be only two results: pass or fail. This type of distribution is called a binomial probability distribution. The binomial distribution formula is as shown: Ple inp) = *C, pr(q)!-*) or Pe :n,p) =" C, pr(1 py") Here, n denotes the number of experiments/trials/occurrences. | Xranges from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, denotes the probability of suecess in any experiment. q denotes the probability of failure (q= 1 - p). The binomial distribution formula is also formulated in the frame of n-Bernoulli trials as shown below: "C= Ple:np)= "C, p(y Plo.) = gaa P(g) #) oF inp) =! _ pyr Pla M,P) = seepage PCL ~ P) For a binomial distribution, the mean, variance, standard deviation and the coefficient of variation for the given set of a number is represented using the below formulas: Check out this article on Permutations and Combinations. Mean and Variance of Binomial Distribution Ina binomial distribution, there is a summarization of the number of trials/observations when each occurrence has the same probability of achieving one particular value. That is it determines the probability of observing a particular number of successful outcomes in a specified number of trials The mean of a binomial distribution is: Mean denoted by 1 = np; where n is the number of observations and p is the probability of successFor the instant when p = 0.5, the distribution is symmetric about the mean. If p > 0.5, the distribution is skewed towards the left and when p < 0.5, the distribution is skewed towards the right. The variance of a binomial distribution is: Variance o? = npq or «2 = np(1—p) ‘The standard deviation of a binomial distribution is: Standard Deviation o = /npq or o = /™p{t—=p) ‘The Coefficient of Variation is given by the formula: Coefficient of Variation = Zor The binomial distribution parameters are: n denotes the number of experiments/trials/occurrences. p denotes the probability of success in any experiment. -p. q denotes the probability of failure (q= Also, learn about probability here. Binomial Distribution Examples And Solutions As studied above the binomial distribution gives the possibility of a different set of outcomes. Therefore it is used in determining the quantity of raw and utilised materials while making a product. Some other examples are: In conducting a survey of positive and negative reports from the society for any specific product. By using the yes or no in a survey, we can examine the number of persons who viewed the particular article or test series To obtain the number of male and female workers in an organization, Starting with an example, if you toss a coin then there is an identical chance of outcome to be heads or tails. This, states that there is a 50% probability of the outcomes, Similarly, ifa student appears in an examination then there is also an equal possibility of getting passed or fail The binomial distribution is very useful when each outcome has an equal opportunity of attaining a particular value. The binomial probability distribution has some assumptions which state that there is only one outcome and this outcome has an equal chance of happening. Questions: A coin is tossed 8 times. What is the probability of obtaining exactly 5 heads? Solution: Consider the formula:Pla in,p) = *Cp*(q)!"*) or P(e :n,p) =" C. pd — py Here: ‘The number of trials Le n is 8. The Probability of head: p= 1/2 = 0.5 ‘Therefore the probability of tail ie q= 1-p =1/2= 0.5 Also x = 5. P(x:n,p) = °C, pg)" P(e = 5) = SCs pi(qg) P(x = 5) = 56 (0.5)°(0.5)* P(x = 5) = 56 (0.5)°(0.5)* P(x =5)=0. Learn more about Sequences and Series here. Question2: If out of 4 bikes there are 3.6 which pass the inspection. Then determine the mean and variance. Solution: 0.9 chance for each bike times 4 bikes is equal to 3.6.Therefore: m4 p=0.9 qro. Mean p = np w=4x 0.9 n= 3.6 Variance o? = npg o2=4x 09x01 0.036 Questiong: If a fair coin is tossed five times, determine the below probability using the binomial distribution.What is the probability of at least 4 heads? Solution: For at least four heads: 2>4, P(e >4) = P(e =4) + P(e =5) Pl =4) = Cypigh4 =e d=h+ 1 3 Also, read about Rolle’s Key Takeaways The binomial distribution is a probability distribution that compiles the possibility that a value will take one of two independent values following a given set of parameters. It is calculated by the formula: P(x: n,p) = "C, p*(q)*? or Pw : n,p) =" C, ped — pi) The key presumptions of the binomial distribution are that there is only one result for each trial such that each trial holds the same probability of success. Also, each trial is mutually exclusive or independent of the other trials. This means the occurrence of one trial does not affect the other one. The binomial distribution is a common type of discrete distribution used in statistics. We hope that the above article on Binomial Distribution is helpful for your understanding and exam preparations. Stay tuned to the Testbook app for more updates on related topics from Mathematics, and various such subjects. Also, reach out to the test series available to examine your knowledge regarding several exams. Bayes theorem Matrix multiplication Transpose of a matrix Symmetric matrixRelations and functions Rellexive relations Binomial Distribution FAQs Q.1 What is binomial distribution? Ans.1 The binomial distribution is a probability distribution that compiles the possibility that a value will take one of two independent values under a provided set of parameters/assumptions. The binomial distribution is generally employed to discrete distribution in statistics. Q.2 What is the mean of the binomial distribution? Ans.2 The mean of a binomial distribution is given by the formula; Mean = np. Q.3 What is the difference between binomial and normal distribution? Ans.3 The normal distribution represents continuous data that has an asymmetric distribution whereas Binomial distribution represents the distribution of binary data from a finite sample. Hence it provides the probability of getting r events out of n trials Q4 What is the variance of the binomial distribution? Ans.4 The variance of a binomial distribution is given by the formula; Variance = npq Q.5 What is required for a binomial distribution? Ans.5 The requirements for binomial distribution are: A Bernoulli trial is an experiment that has specifically two possible results: success and failure, The probability of success(p) and failure(1-p)remain the same for each trial The outcome of each trial must be independent of the other, i,e the outcome of one trial does not affect the outcomes of other trials. eet - acco ocr eo aod eee) pam tes coi) oot | 0) 11) 4) wn testbook iy ego RCr’Diestbook The Complete Exam Preparation Platform Bre