SL Education Los |. om Syllabus Mathematic =; Secondary 2B‘SHINGLEE PUBLISHERS PTE LTD 120 Hillview Avenue #05-06/07 Kewalram Hillview Singapore 669594 ‘Tel: 6760 1388 Fax: 6762 5684 e-mail: info@st-education.com http:/www.sl-education.com.sg ©SHINGLEE PUBLISHERS PTELTD Al rights reserved. No part ofthis book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission ofthe Publishers. First Published 2021 Reprinted 2021 ISBN 978 981 32.4931 8 Printed in Singapore eeethink! Mathematics workbooks are specially designed to complement the textbooks as you acquire ‘mathematical concepts and skills, Key Features ‘Questions that connect ideas within mathematics and between mathematics and the sciences through applications of mathematics are included to allow you to better appreciate mathematics. 44 Thesafeymanul fo the wseo ater inde te lew incest “pedro at an angle of tt bot ‘As engine set that his cvs by pling ths“ re (@) sages how ts" i rot bane hata se working ange Fr Ue se far awe 74a 76 oh rn (©) ‘nde wh gh 2 mis pled aia heels at the bt oh or 1m Ire heal Sota ths lade tne poston ob ed ten re uni the ma of teens, dhe min ind vo pose ets hs fe nus pen-en ons reinforce comprehension and encourage reflection through the construction and analysis of possible answers, ‘A Mid-year Checkpoint or an End-of year Checkpoint consolidates the concepts covered in the textbook, and is useful for assessing your learning and identifying areas that require further practice. (0 ‘heinior design plans tpn te cling. the past she us chou eavalbe ne ese 1 tae ofp nes 1 a ‘ales the ent amount money the err degra pao the pint, ern) Pear eer ‘We hope that these workbooks provide sufficient practice as you build your confidence and gain success in mathematics. Pea foesey Chapter 8 — Congruence and Similarity Worksheet 84: Congruent figures Worksheet 8B: Similar figures Worksheet 8C: Similarity and enlargement Review Exercise 8 Chapter9 Pythagoras’ Theorem Worksheet 9A: Pythagoras’ Theorem Worksheet 9B: Applications of Pythagoras’ Theorem in real-world contexts, Worksheet 9C: Converse of Pythagoras’ Theorem Review Exercise 9 Chapter 10. Trigonometric Ratios Worksheet 10A: Trigonometric ratios Worksheet 10B: Applications of trigonometric ratios to find unknown sides of right-angled triangles Worksheet 10C: Applications of trigonometric ratios to find unknown angles in right-angled triangles Worksheet 10D: Applications of trigonometric ratios in real-world contexts Review Exercise 10 Chapter 11 Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres Worksheet 11A: Volume and surface area of pyramids Worksheet 11B: Volume and surface area of cones Worksheet 11C: Volume and surface area of spheres Worksheet 11D: Volume and surface arca of composite solids Review Exercise 11 Chapter 12 Probability of Single Events Worksheet 12A: Probability experiment and sample space Worksheet 12B: Probability of single events Worksheet 12C: Further examples of probability of single events Review Exercise 12 Chapter 13 Statistical Diagrams Worksheet 134: Dot diagrams Worksheet 13B: Histograms for ungrouped data Worksheet 13C: Stem-and-leaf diagrams Worksheet 13D: Histograms for grouped data Review Exercise 13 Chapter 14 Averages of Statistical Data Worksheet 14: Mean Worksheet 14B: Median Worksheet 14C: Mode Worksheet 14D: Measures of central tendency Review Exercise 14 Secondary 2 Express End-of-year Checkpoint A Secondary 2 Express End-of-year Checkpoint B “Answer Keys eons Cea)Class: Date: Name rksheet 8A Congruent figures 1. Determine whether each of the following shows a pair of congruent figures. eee areas2, Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle PQR. A B alan Complete the following. (@) (bo) © @ © © ‘Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle DEF. A Find (a) the length of BC, (b) angle DFE, (©) angle EDF. ‘Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle POR. poner (a) Find the value of y. (b)_ Find the value of x eee eas5, The two quadrilaterals shown are congruent. 4_25on 3g P 44cm ° 28 em 28 om 27 om Cc Sem OR (@) DA= (©) Quadrilateral ABCD is congruent to quadrilateral___. 27cm D em Complete the following. (a) AB=__=__ (b) BC= Quadrilateral ABCD is congruent to quadrilateral FEHG. B E 5.9 cm, len F mem 85% - (| C1, D Cc A 53cm Find (a) the length of BC, (b) angle EFG. 7. Quadrilateral PQRS is congruent to quadrilateral P’Q'R'S’ P 47em mf R 30 cm Q ‘s Bind (a) the sum of the lengths of PS and PQ, (b) angle PQR. Cet oy ence8 Are the following pairs of triangles congruent? If they are congruent, write down the reasons and the statement of congruence. If they are not congruent, explain why. All units are given in cm. fa) 9. In the diagram, triangles ABE, CBE and EDC are congruent. Find (a)_ the length of AC, (b) angle AEC, 10. ‘The diagram shows two triangles PQS and RSQ. Pp 18.6cm Ss xem ‘Write down the values of x and y for which PQRS is a parallelogram. Sees ea11, Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle BED, ‘The point E divides BC into two equal parts AB=pom. Find an expression, in terms of p, for the area of quadrilateral ADEB. 12, Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle DCB. (a) Find (the length of DC, (i) the length of AX, (b) Explain why angle DXC 13, Do you agree with each of the following statements? Explain why. (a) All parallelograms can be divided into four congruent triangles. (b)_A regular heptagon can be divided into seven congruent triangles. Cee eee eee ad14. (a) Draw one line to divide the given shape into two congruent shapes. (b) Draw two lines to divide the given shape into three congruent shapes. 15, A student wrote the following. ‘Triangles with one pair of equal sides can be divided into two congruent triangles, ‘whereas all equilateral triangles can be divided into three congruent triangles. Do you agree with the student? Explain your answer, Congruence and Similarity eeName: Class: Date: Worksheet 8B Similar figures 1. Determine whether each of the following shows a pair of similar triangles. (a) | T Tee (b) f | T r 2. Determine whether each of the following shows a pair of similar triangles. @ 4 ee &) [7 c P. Bem Q 30 my VJ Bem et 6m) 57am ‘Sem P___30em a R a me B 43am € R LS Bem Q Shing Lee Publishers Pte Led eee een ee3. Triangle ABC is similar to triangle PQR. BUxem OC Q 3am OR (a) State the angle in triangle PQR that is equal to angle BAC. {b) Find the value of x. (©) Find the value of y. 4, Triangle ABC is similar to triangle DEF, A Find (a) angle DEF, (b) the length of DF, (©) the length of BC. eee eae5. Quadrilateral ABCD is similar to quadrilateral GFEH. A 75cm B Find (a) the value of x, (b) the value of y 6. Two similar cuboids are shown, 68cm Find the values of the unknowns. ee ore uae7. Two similar cylinders are shown, 2lem ae a — )( 7 Find the value of h. 8. Two cubes of volumes 8p" cm? and p* em’ are placed against a wall. 4 (@)_ By considering the length of each cube, briefly explain why the cubes are similar. (b)_ Elvis says, “All cubes are similar.” Do you agree with Elvis? Congruence and Similarity9, ‘Triangle ACE is similar to triangle BCD. Find the values of p and q, 10, Triangle ABC is similar to triangle APQ. Find the values of x and y. ee ere neue11. Triangle ABC is similar to triangle APQ. Find (a) the length of QC, (b) the length of AP. 12, Triangle ABCs similar to triangle DEC. Find (a) the value of h, (b) the value of k eames esa Shing Lee Pubichers Pte Léa13, Triangle ABC is similar to triangle APQ Q Find the values of x and y. 14, Triangle CAB is similar to triangle CED. “The length of CR is two-thirds the length of AC. AC=4p em, DE =q cm and A. Find, in terms of p and/or g, (a) the length of CE, (b) the length of CD. ee as15. Triangle ABC is similar to triangle AQP. A 32m 2 Pf 36cm, 24cm B c (a) Find the length of AQ. (b) State the ratio BC: PQ, 16. Triangle ACD is similar to triangle FBA. : 40cm ‘ 2am dD (a) Write down the angle in triangle ACD that is of the same size as angle ABF, (b) Find the length of BC. fee ge Sas Cee)17. ‘The two regular hexagons ABCDEEF and APQRST are similar, {a)_Isangle CDE equal to angle QRS? Explain your answer. (b) @ ATis three times as long as PB. Showing your working clearly, suggest a possible perimeter for ABCDEEF and for APQRST. 18, ‘The cross section of a slide, AB, in a playground can be modelled by a pair of similar triangles. ‘The slide is supported by two vertical columns, MX and BY. Xisa point on the ground, equidistant from A and Y. (a) Find the height of the slide. (b) © Suggest another possible real-life application of similar triangles. ae er od Cortera ae19. @ In triangle ABC, AB = 5 cm, BC=6 cm and AC=7 cm. Draw a possible triangle PQR that is similar to triangle ABC. ‘Write down the lengths of PQ, QRand PR. 20, Sam and Terry each drew a triangle with angles 45°, 60 and 75°, with one of the sides measuring 8 em. Determine whether each of the following statements is always true, sometimes true or never true. Explain your answer, (a) ‘The two triangles are congruent, (b) ‘The two triangles are similar eer es ing Lee Publichers Pte LidName Class: Date: SUELO Similarity and enlargement B pa Quadrilateral PQRSis an enlargement of quadrilateral ABCD. AD =7.6 cm, angle BCD = 228°, PQ = 9.6 cm and PS = 9.5 cm. Find (@) the scale factor, (0) the length of AB, (6) obtuse angle QRS. 2. Two cities, Kyoto and Osaka, are 56 km apart. "The distance between the two cities is 22.4.cm on a map drawn to the scale 1:1. Calculate n. eee) eee ues3. The scale of a map is 1 : 4000. (a) The distance between two tourist attractions is 7.5 cm on the map. Find, in kilometres, the actual distance between the tourist attractions. (b)_ Two railway stations are 5.6 km apart. How far, in centimetres, is this distance on the map? 4. The scale of a map is such that 4 em represents 10 km. (a) Write this scale in the form 1 :n. (b) An educational institution is represented by an area of 56 cm? on the map. Calculate the actual area occupied by the educational institution in square kilometres. 5. The floor plan of an office is drawn to a scale of 1 20. (a). The length of the office on the plan is 96 em. Find the actual length, in metres, of the office. (b) The area of the pantry is 4.8 m* Calculate the area, in cm’, of the pantry on the plan. cece uaa ieee)6. A plan ofa library is drawn on the scale 1 : 25. (a) The width of the library is 12 m. How wide is the plan of the library? Give your answer in centimetres. (b) The floor area of the plan is 4800 cm’. Whaat is the floor area, in square metres, ofthe library? ‘The scale of a map is given as 1: 250 000, (a). Rewrite the scale in the form 1 em tox km. (b) A river on the map is 24 cm long. Find the actual length of the river in kilometres. (0) The river has an area of 60 km?. Find the area of the river on the map in square centimetres. 8. A map of Australia has a scale of 1: 12 500 000. (a) The length of the Great Dividing Range on the map is 28 em, Calculate the actual length, in kilometres, of the Great Dividing Range. ) ‘The area of Tasmania is 68 400 km? Calculate the area, in square centimetres, of Tasmania on the map. ea Cee9. A map is drawn to a scale of 1: 40 000. (a) This scale can be expressed as 1 em represents 1 km, Find the value of n (b) The distance between two petrol stations on the map is 22.5 cm, Find the actual distance, in kilometres, between the two petrol stations. (9) A golf course has an actual area of 0.8 km: Find the area, in square centimetres, of the golf course on the map. 10. An area of 5 cm” on a map represents an actual area of 32 000 mY. (a) Find the area represented by I cm’. (b)_ Lem on the map represents p km. Find the value ofp. (©) Find the linear scale of the map, giving your answer in the form 1: n. 11. The linear scale, I : 2, of a map can be represented as a representative fraction i “The actual area ofa fruit plantation is 70 km’. Itis represented by an area of 2.8 cmv. Find the representative fraction of the map. ee cee » Shing Lee Publishers Pte Ltdx Q ‘The map shows the positions of two convenience stores, P and Q. ‘The scale of the map is 1 : 25 000. (a)_ Find the actual distance between Pand Q. Give your answer in kilometres, (b) ‘The convenience stores are part of a small town, “The area covered by this town is 16 km’ Calculate the area of the town on the map. Give your answer in cm’, ‘The floor plan of a bedroom is shown above. 2.em on the plan represents p m. All the lines meet at right angles. (a) Find the value of p (b) Find the actual area of the floor in square metres. eee) Congruence and Similarity14, A rectangular plot of land has an area of 14 kin’, It is represented by an area of 3.5 cm? on a map. (a) Find the linear scale of the map, giving your answer in the form 1:1. (b) © The actual perimeter of the plot of land is p km. () Suggest a value of p, showing how this value is obtained. i) Find the corresponding perimeter, in cm, of the plot of land on the map. 15. ‘The scale of a map is such that 5 cm represents 2 km, (a) Write this scale in the form 1: 1, (b) A green zone is represented by an area of 50 cm? on the map. Calculate the actual area of the green zone in squate kilometres. (©) Find the area of the green zone on a second map which is drawn to a scale of 1 :25 000. 16. Kim hasa map drawn to the scale 1 : 200 000. (a) ‘The road distance on the map between Gardens by the Bay and Night Safari is 14.1 m. Calculate the actual road distance, in kilometres, between Gardens by the Bay and Night Safari. (b) Gardens by the Bay covers an area of 1.01 km’. Find the area, in square centimetres, covered by Gardens by the Bay on the map. (©). The area covered by Gardens by the Bay on Lee's map is 4 times that on Kim’s map. Find the linear scale of Lee's map, giving your answer in the form I :, ore ea BeneName: Class: Date: A ice) 1 55m B P. 40cm Q c ABC and PQR are similar triangles with dimensions as shown, (a) Triangle PQR is a reduction of triangle ABC, Find the scale factor. (b)_ Find the value of k 2. The diagram shows a ray diagram drawn in Physics. ‘The object AB is placed a short distance away from a lens, centre O. ‘The image produced appears at PQ. ‘Triangles OAB and OPQare similar. (a) Find a relationship between AB, PQ, OB and 0Q. (b)_ When the object AB is shifted k mm towards the point O, do you expect the image PQ produced to be shifted k mm towards the point O as well? Explain your answer: eee ey cue eae3. The actual area ofa playground is 100 m’. Itis represented by an area of 4 cm? on a map. A student wrote the following. 4m’ represent 100m, 1 can? represents 25 m’. 1 cm represents 25 m. ‘The linear scale of the map is 1 : 25. Do you agree with the student? If you do not, identify the error(s) and write the correct working to find the linear scale of the map. 4. A map of Canada has a scale of 1 : 10 000 000. (a) The length of the river Mackenzie on the map is 17.4 cm, Calculate the actual length, in kilometres, of the river Mackenzie. {b) ‘The area of Nova Scotia is 55 284 kin’ Calculate the area, in square centimetres, of Nova Scotia on the map. eo eee eeu eeeName: Class: Date: NA ole Sias\claezal Pythagoras’ Theorem 1, Find the value of the unknown in each right-angled triangle. (@) (b) 24cm bom scm ( (a 15cm 8cm 29cm, hom 2lem (o 53cm ( 28 \ e an © Shing Lee Publishers Pte Ltd facie oe2. In triangle ABC, angle ABC = 90°, AB = 33 cm and BC = 56 em. Find the length of AC, 3. Triangle PQRis right-angled at P. PQ= 63 cmand QR = 65cm. Find the length of PR. 4, Inrrectangle WXYZ, WX = 16 cm and XY = 12am. Find the length of the diagonal WY. 5. The length ofa diagonal of a square is 20 cm. (i) Find the length ofa side of the square. (ii) Show that the area of the square is 200 cmv. ue eco CeeB rr ABCis a triangle and AT'is perpendicular to BC. AB=4.cm, AC=6 cm and TC = Sem. Find (® the length of AT, (ii) the length of BT. Oo Q vem PQRis a triangle right-angled at Q. QR = 30 em and PR= 47 cm, QRS isa straight line and RS = 42 cm. (i Find the length of PQ. ) Show that the length of PS is approximately 80.6 cm. eel corc 56cm In the diagram, AB = 41 cm, BC = 32.em and CD = 56 cm. Angle ABD = angle BCD = 90°, Find the length of AD. 9. ‘The diagram shows a rhombus ABCD, ‘The diagonals AC and BD meet at M. AB= 35cm and BM= 30 em, (i) Find the length of AM. (ii) Hence, find the area of the rhombus, ea) Coe ee10. ‘Ihe lengths of the diagonals of a rhombus are 40 cm and 42 cm, Find the area and the perimeter of the rhombus. 11. The diagram shows a parallelogram ABCD with area 1938 em’, AB =57 em, ‘The point P lies on DC such that DP : DC = 8:19, Find the length of BC. 12, Find the value of xin the diagram, eres ee ee13. ‘The diagram shows a triangle ABC with area 96 cm* ‘The point P lies on BC such that AP is perpendicular to BC. BC = 24 mand AP= BP, Find (a) the length of AB, (b) the area of triangle APC, 14, Triangle ABC is congruent to triangle EAD. A Find the length of DC. Pan oe CaCery eee15. An equilateral triangle has sides of length 2p em. Ryan says that the area of the triangle can be written in the form Vk p* cm’, where k is an integer. Do you agree with Ryan? Show working to explain your answer. 16. In rectangle ABCD, AB = (7x ~20) em, AC = 5(x+ 9) cm and AD = (2x + 1) em A (2x = 20) em S(x+9)cm, (2x+ tom = D c (Form an equation in and show that it reduces to L4xe'~ 363x~ 812 = 0. (ii) Hence, solve the equation 14x? ~ 363x ~ 812 = 0 and find the perimeter of ABCD. eee oy oe17, In the diagram, ABCis a triangle. The points P and Qlie on ABand AC respectively. AP = (3x2) cm, PB=.x cm, AQ= (2x ~ 1) em, QC=5 em, BC= (7x ~ 4) cm and angle BAC B (7x-4)em (a) Form an equation in x and show that it simplifies to 29x ~ 56x - 4 = 0. (b) Solve the equation 29x! - 56x-4=0. (©) Hence, find the area and perimeter of the shaded region. 18. A triangle PQR is right-angled at Q. A semicircle is drawn on each side of the triangle such that PQ, QR and PR are the respective diameters. Describe the relationship between the areas of these three semicircles, ec eeName: Class: Date: Welles) Applications of Pythagoras’ Theorem in real-world contexts 1. ‘The diagram shows a rectangular table ABCD with dimensions 1.2 m by 1m, A 12m B D A child rolls a small ball from one corner A to the corner Cacross it, Calculate the distance covered by the ball. 2. Acrowd control staff wants to seal off an area by attaching a piece of barrier tape to the points P and Q, with an additional 15 cm of tape at each end. P > 18m Calculate the minimum length of tape needed. © Shing Lee Publishers Pte Ltd one“Two cargo ships leave a port at the same time. Ship A sails north at an average speed of 25 km/h. Ship B sails west at an average speed of 24 km/h. Find the distance between the ships 15 minutes after they leave the port. 4, A ladder PQ leans against a vertical wall. (i) Find the length of the ladder. ‘The upper end P of the ladder slides down 0.3 m to a point P* on the wall such that itis no longer safe to use. Find QQ, the horizontal distance the lower end Q of the ladder slides along the ground, oe cu) eat)5. A rectangular sheet of Ad-size paper ABCD has dimensions 297 mm by 210 mm. It is folded along BP such that the point A meets DCat Q. 297 mm Find the length of QC. 6. Jen places a square table mat on a circular table. Find the length of the table mat. Eee) eee7, The cross section of an entrance to a theme park can be modelled by a segment of a circle with centre at O and radius 3,9 m. ‘The width of the walkway AB is 6.9 m. A Find the height, fm, of the entrance, ‘The diagram is not drawn to scale, 8. Donna hangs some celebration bunting across the hall, ‘The ends of the bunting, A and C, are 3 m apart and are attached to the top of the 2.2-m high wall, ‘The string of the bunting can be modelled by the equation y= 0.Lx(x ~ 3), where.xm and ym represent the horizontal and vertical distance of the string from A. The lowest point of the string is at the point B. Each triangular flag of the bunting has sides 12 em, 18 cm and 18 cm. For the safety of children, Donna wants to ensure that the lowest point of the celebration bunting is atleast _( 1.6 m above the ground, Perform calculations to check whether Donna has to adjust the position of the bunting. The diagram is not drawn to scale. 3m + A o ec Oa Se) Pee eatName: Class: Date: ed al-s-1 ae Converse of Pythagoras’ Theorem 1, Determine whether each of the following is a right-angled triangle If tis, identify the right angle, @) A ®) 97 cm FE eee eee2, Determine whether each of the following is a right-angled triangle. Ifitis, identify the right angle. (a) triangle ABCin which AB=29cm, __(b)_ triangle PQR in which PQ= 4.4 cm, BC =21 cmand AC = 20cm QR= 117 cmand PR= 12.5em 3. Show that each of the following is a right-angled triangle. Identify the right angle. (a) triangle ABC in which AB = 37 cm, (b)_ triangle PQR in which PQ= 16.8 em, BC= 12. mand AC= 35cm QR= 19.3 cm and PR= 9.5 em 4, The diagram shows two triangles ABC and ACD with the given dimensions, A B dsm C (i) Find the length of AC. Gi) Determine whether BCD is a straight line. eee eae5. The diagram shows a rectangle ABCD. ‘The points P and Qllie on ABand BC respectively. AP = 18 cm, AD = 42 cm, BQ = 23 em and DC = 74 cm. A_18cm_P D 7aem (i) Find the length of PQ. (i) Show that triangle DPQ is not a right-angled triangle. Q 630m In triangle POR, PQ= 7.4 cm and QR = 6.3 cm. ‘The area of triangle PQR is 10.71 em’. (a) Calculate the perpendicular height, in centimetres, from P to QR. (b) Is POR a right-angled triangle? Show your working to justify your answer. ee Sea7. ‘The diagram shows a rectangle ABCD. Find the sum of the areas of triangle ADP and triangle BCP. 8 Determine whether each of the following statements is true, Explain your answer. (@) A Pythagorean Triple can be made up of three even numbers. (b) A Pythagorean Triple cannot be made up of three odd numbers. P iim A post with a height of 2 m is marked in intervals of 2 cm, Susan wants to determine ifthe post is vertical. She has a piece of twine with a known length between 1.2 mand 1.5m. Point Plies on the ground such that itis 1.1 m from the foot of the post. Describe the steps Susan could take to determine whether the post is vertical Crue eo BeeNam Review Exercise 9 1, Find the value of x in the quadrilateral. Class: Date: A 2. Ina right-angled isosceles triangle PQR, PQ = 10 cm. Find the possible lengths of QR. 3. © Triangle ABC is right-angled at C. (a)_ Find a possible set of dimensions for AB and BC for which AC (b) Find a possible set of dimensions for AC and BC for which A. ee Le aco4. A lifebuoy, P, is tied to a piece of rope, attached to the bottom, O, of a large swimming pool. 0 ‘A child holds onto the lifebuoy and swims 0.7 m horizontally to the point P’, 0.3 m below the surface of the water. Find the depth of the swimming pool. Ifa, band c form a Pythagorean Triple, then a 1, b= 2mn and c= m? +r, where mand n are positive integers, m > n. (a) © The first Pythagorean Triple is (3, 4,5). Write down four more Pythagorean Triples, (b) Based on the expressions for a, b and cin terms of m and n, verify that Pythagoras’ Theorem holds true. ee es ec)Name: Class: Date: Mele cme kOW trigonometric ratios 1. The diagram shows right-angled triangle. B Identify (a) the hypotenuse, (b)_the side opposite angle BAC, (©) the side adjacent to angle BAC, (@) the side opposite angle ABC, (©) the side adjacent to angle ABC, ‘The diagram shows right-angled triangle, All units are given in cm. State the value of each of the following. (a) sind (b) cosa (o) tnd (@) sinB “The diagram shows a right-angled triangle. Write down an expression, in terms of p and g, for each of the following. (a) sind (b) cosa A (a) sinB (e) cos B o eee Aue cea ey4, Use a calculator to evaluate each of the following, (a) sin 30° (b) (©) sin21° (d@) (©) cos 30” © (g) cos.69” (i Write down the complementary angle of x° (ii) Based on your answers to Question 4, what can you conclude about the relationship between the sine of an angle and the cosine of its complementary angle? Use a calculator to evaluate each of the following. (a) tan 15° (b) tan 30° (©) tan.60° (@) tan 75° Based on your answers to Question 6, what can you conclude about the relationship between the tangent of an angle and the reciprocal of the tangent of its complementary angle? Use a calculator to evaluate each of the following. (a) }sin90° (b) 5.cos 15°- 2 tan 8° cos 45°? sin23° (c) (cos 45°Y @ sae 9. @ Finda possible pair of values for A and B in each case. (a) sind =cosB (b) tana= tb Trigonometric Ratios eerName Class: Date: Applications of trigonometric ratios to find unknown sides of Moda eulxiae Ae) 5) Heh cncled tenes: 1, Find the value of the unknown in each of the following right-angled triangles. Oo) (b) g fem xem a xem A q o 6cm © 20cm, 4 ZA o yen CO) o) 85cm, ete Recueeeed2, Find the values of the unknowns in each of the following right-angled triangles. (a) (b) Sem auc tets rd Beet3. The diagram shows a rhombus A: ‘The diagonals AC and BD intersect at M. Angle BAD = 105". Find (a) the length of AM, (b) the length of BD. PQR isa triangle and PTs perpendicular to QR. PR=7.8 em, TR=6.2.cm and angle POT =71°. (a) Find (@ the length of PT, ii). the length of QT. (b) Calculate the area of triangle PQR 5. The diagram shows two right-angled triangles ACD and BCD. CD = 24 cm, angle ADC = 30° and angle BDC = 20°. Find the length of AB. Se A ‘Trigonometric Ratios6. ‘The area of a right-angled triangle is 80 cm*. One of its angles is 30°. Find the perimeter of the triangle. ‘The diagram shows two right-angled triangles ABC and ABD. (a) Given that p = 10, x= 40and y find the values of q and r. (b) Given that q=15,x=42 and find the values ofp and r. (0) Given that r= 8, x= 36 and y=27, find the values ofp and q. SarmaName: Class: Date: Applications of trigonometric ratios to find unknown angles in Worksheet 10C right-angled triangles 1. Use a calculator to find the acute angle in each of the following, (@) sina=03 (b) cos B=0.18 (d) 9sinD Find the value of the unknown in each of the following right-angled triangles, (@) (b) 33cm eee ha eu ee3. The diagram shows a triangle PQR, right-angled at Q. PQ=3.5.em, QR =.xcm, PR=63 cm and angle PRQ= y* Clara says, “I only use trigonometric ratios to find the value of y, but not for the value of x.” Show Clara’s working. R In triangle PQR, angle PQR = 56°. Tis a point on QRsuch that PT is perpendicular to QR PT=9.6 mand TR= 15.5 em. (a) Find angle PRO. (b) Find the length of PQ. ‘The diagram shows a rectangle ABCD. The diagonals AC and BD intersect at M. AB = 50 cm and BC= 28 em, Find (a) angle BAC, (b) angle DMC. A eae hing Lee Publishers Pte Ltd6. The diagram shows a quadrilateral ABCD. ABis parallel to DC, AB = 34.cm, AD = 40 cm and angle DAB = 90°. ‘The area of ABCD is 1800 em’. Find (a) the length of BC, (b) angle ABC. 7. Inthe diagram, AB = 12 em, B Angle ABC = angle ACD = 90°, (a) Find angle BAD. (b) Show that the shortest distance from B to AD is 8.21 cm, (0) Find the area of quadrilateral ABCD. Gee Re eae8. The diagram shows a triangle PQA, right-angled at Q. ‘The point B lies on QA such that QB = BA. Using suitable substitutions for the lengths of PQ, QB and BA, determine whether x* is twice of )* P 9. ‘The diagram shows a right-angled triangle ABC. (a) (i Find the length of AB, ii) Find the area of triangle ABC. (iii) Hence, find AN, the shortest distance from A to BC. (b) (Find angle ABC. ii) Hence, find AN, the shortest distance from A to BC. (©). Are your answers to parts (a)(ii) and (b)(i) the same? Which method do you prefer to use to calculate the shortest distance? Trigonometric Ratios eeeName: Class: Date: MSS AYBR Applications of trigonometric ratios in real-world contexts Q tm PQis vertical pole. Ris 4m from Q on level horizontal ground, PRisa straight cable of length 8 m, Find (a) angle PRQ, (b)_ the height of the pote 0.93 A ladder of length 3.6 m is placed against a vertical wall ‘The foot of the ladder is 0.93 m away from the base of the wall. Find the angle, »%, that the ladder makes with the horizontal ground. ere Raed3. @ Rachel is 1.69 m tall and is flying a kite, She holds the string of the kite just above her head. “The string is 80 m long and makes an angle, x*, between 54° and 55° with the horizontal. Assuming that the string is taut, estimate the vertical height of the kite from the ground. 4. ‘The safety manual for the use of a ladder includes the following information: ‘The ladder should be at an angle of 75° to the horizontal. An engineer suggests that this can be achieved by applying the “L in 4” rule (a). Suggest how this “I in 4” rule is obtained. ‘The actual safe working angle for the use of a ladder is between 74° and 76° to the horizontal (b) A ladder with a length of 3.2 m is placed against the wall such that the bottom of the ladder is 1.1. m from the wall. Show that this ladder is not in a safe position to be used. fees ee‘The diagram shows two sticks each of length 32.cm, hinged at the points P and Q respectively, placed 15.cm apart. ‘One stick is rotated by an angle of 20° about the fixed point P such that the end of the stick, A, is now at A’, P Q P20° ‘ise? (a) Show that the horizontal distance between A and A’ is approximately 10.9 cm. "The stick is then further rotated such that the point A’ now lies on QB. - Q (b) Find (angle APA’, (ii) the distance between A’ and B. ee ReneeA popular K-pop actor is seen at the balcony of a hotel, labelled P in the diagram, His fans spot him and take pictures of him. A fan who is at the point A holds her smartphone at an angle of 40° to the horizontal to take pictures of him, ‘A fan who is at the point B, 6 m away from A, has to hold her smartphone at an angle of 30° instead. Given that the floor-to-floor height between the hotel lobby and the next storey is 3.8 m and each subsequent floor-to-floor height is 3 m, help the fans determine which floor the actor is on. A 4 1m A vertical lamppost of height 6 m is at P. ‘When Sam stands at the point 4, the shadow formed is 2.1 m long. ‘When Sam stands at the point B, 13.3 m away from A, the shadow formed is 3.6 m long. (i) How tall is Sam? (ii) Find angle 4’OB" fence © Shing Lee Publishers Pte LidName: Class: Date: La ra 1, @ he sine of an angle is 0.2390. Give a possible value for the angle. 2. A light source at O, 48 m away from a screen AB, fires a laser beam towards the edge of the screen at A. ‘The source then rotates 58° clockwise and fires another laser beam towards the other edge of the screen at B. Given that angle OBA = 55°, find the distance between A and B. 3. The diagram shows a circle, centre O. A and Bare points on the circle such that angle OAT: and OBTisa straight line. OA = 10cm and BP'=7 em, Find (a). the length of AT, (b) angle BTA. ee a uma4. A group of university students designed a battery-operated ramp with a conveyor belt. ‘The diagram shows the cross section of the ramp, which can be modelled by a right-angled triangle. ‘The vertical height of the ramp is hm and the horizontal distance of the cross section is x m. ‘The angle that the ramp makes with the horizontal is &”. (a) Find 6 when x=3 and h=0.5. ‘The students conducted tests on the usage of the ramp, and wrote the following report. ‘The table below shows the percentage of the fully-charged battery used to transport load of 100 kg on the conveyor belt when the belt is a its default settings, Angle 6° 10 20 30 04 15% [25% [35% 08 [30% | 40% | 50% 12 | 45% | 60% [70% 16 | 60% | 70% [ a5% Use the information from the report to answer the following questions. (b) State the values of h and 9 for the fully-charged battery to be completely used up after exactly two identical uses. (©) Using your answers in part (b), find the corresponding value of x. Ee eaeNam Class: Date: Mercia YAY Volume and surface area of pyramids 1. Find the volume of each solid pyramid. All dimensions given are in em. (a) c B Area of ABCDEF = 400 em* ee Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres2. The base area of a pyramid is 58 cm. Its height is 12 cm. Find the volume of the pyramid. 3. A pyramid has a square base with sides of length 5 cm. ‘The volume of the pyramid is 388 cm’, Find the height of the pyramid. 4, The volume and height of a pyramid are 1280 em’ and 40 em respectively. Tthas a hexagonal base. Find the base area of the pyramid, 5. @ The volume, base area and height of a tetrahedron (triangular pyramid) are 300 cm’, p cm? and qm respectively. Suggest a pair of values for p and q. Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres ee)6. A pyramid with a square base has @ volume of 57 000 cm’. ‘The length of the diagonal of the base is 96 cm. Find (i) the length of each side of the base, (ii) the height of the pyramid. 7. The diagram shows a pyramid VABCD with a square base. AB=5cmand VP=6cm. Find (a). the volume of the pyramid, (b)_ the total surface area of the pyramid. © Shing Lee Publishers Pte Ltd Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres8. Inthe diagram, VABCD is a pyramid with a rectangular base, B= 16 cm, BC= 12. em and VC = 52cm. Find (a) the volume of the pyramid, (b)_ the total surface area of the pyramid. ‘Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres ing Lee Publishers Pte Lid9. The diagram shows the net of a pyramid. It consists of a square and four congruent isosceles triangles. Find the volume and total surface area ofthe pyramid, ee Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and SpheresA In the diagram, VA = VB = 10cm. VN = 8cm and AN = 6 cm, Explain, with working, why angle VNB = 90°, () “The triangle VAB in part (a) is one of the faces of pyramid VABCD with a square base. Mis the centre of the base of the pyramid. Find (i) the total surface area of the pyramid, (ii) the height, VM, of the pyramid, (iii) the volume of the pyramid. Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres SeerE_N_D A regular hexagon ABCDEF has sides of length 8 cm and centre at O. Nis the midpoint of DE. (a) Find the area of hexagon ABCDEF. Hexagon ABCDEF forms the base of a pyramid. ‘The vertex, V, is directly above O, ‘The slant height, VN, of the pyramid is 20 em. (b) Calculate the volume of the pyramid. © Shing Lee Publishers Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres‘The diagram shows a pyramid VABCD. The base of the pyramid is a square of side 20 em. Vis vertically above the centre of the square base. ‘The vertical height of the pyramid is 18 cm. (a). Show that AV = 22.9 cm, correct to three significant figures, (b) Calculate angle BAV. (©) Find the total surface area of the pyramid. (@)_ A smaller, similar pyramid is removed from the top of the original pyramid. The diagram below shows the solid remaining. 20cm ‘The shortest distance between YX and CB is 3 cm. Find the area of the top, WXYZ, of the remaining solid. Vee ae ees & Shing Lee Publishers Pte LtdName: Class: Date: MTS ES] Volume and surface area of cones 1, Find the volume and total surface area of each solid cone, All dimensions given are in cm, (a) (b) Cee) Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres2. Asolid cone hasa circular top of radius 5 cm and a slant height of 8 cm, Calculate its total surface area, leaving your answer in terms of n, 3. Assolid cone has a base diameter of 12 cm. Its height is 6 cm. Find the volume and total surface area of the cone. 4, The volume and height of asolid cone are 2507tcm* and 10x cm respectively. Find (i) the base radius of the cone, (ii) the curved surface area of the cone. 5. The volume and base area ofa solid cone are 3888 cm’ and 324n cm: respectively. Find the total surface area of the cone. Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres Seen6. €2 The volume ofa solid cone is 1447 cm’, Suggest a possible base radius and a possible height of the cone. 7. The base radius and total surface area of a solid cone are 9 cm and 720 cm respectively. Find the volume of the cone. ‘The radius and height of a smaller solid cone are & units and H units respectively. ‘The radius and height of a larger solid cone are KR units and kH units respectively, where k is @ constant. Ryan says, “Since the ratio of their radi is the same as the ratio of their heights which is 1 : k, then the ratio of their volumes and the ratio of their total surface areas are both 1 :k.” ‘Show that Ryan is wrong, and find the correct ratios. fo Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres9. A solid is in the shape of a cone, with vertical height 75 cm and slant height 9 cm, (Find the base radius of the solid ‘At 2.36 p.m,, the solid is heated and melts at a rate of 4.2 em*/min. (i) Find the time at which the solid has completely melted. The melted solid is placed into a conical mould with base diameter 8 cm. (iii) Find the curved surface area of the mould. 10. The shape of a piece of potato snack can be modelled by a solid cone. Bach piece has a base circumference of about 6 em and a slant height of about 3 cm. (i) Estimate the volume of each piece of potato snack. ‘One bag of potato snack has a mass of 60 g. 1 em’ of potato snack has a mass of about 0.14 g. (i) Assuming that the mass of the bag is negligible, estimate the number of pieces of potato snack in one bag. Wate a oie ee aed Shing Lee Publish11. ‘The diagram shows a semicircular piece of cardboard with centre at O. ‘The length of are AB is 287 cm. ‘The cardboard is folded such that OA and OB overlap to form a cone. Find (the length of 04, (ii) the base radius of the cone, 12. A cone is made from a piece of cardboard such that the ends meet along PQ. ‘The base radius and slant height of the cone are 6 em and 15 cm respectively. ‘The cardboard is now unfolded, resulting in a sector of a circle, (i) Draw the net of the cardboard and calculate the angle at the centre (ii) Find the perimeter of the cardboard. Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres13. A frustum is obtained when a smaller cone is removed from a larger cone. ‘The radii of the smaller cone and the larger cone are 5 cm and 7 cm respectively. ‘The height of the frustum is 6 em, (i Given that triangle VAB is similar to triangle VPQ, find the height of the smaller cone. Hence, find the volume of the frustum, leaving your answer in terms of n. Note eee ee es See ea14, (a) Find the radius of a cone with vertical height 24 cm and slant height 26 em. (b) The diagram shows a frustum obtained when a smaller cone of vertical height 24 cm and slant height 26 cm is removed from a larger cone with slant height 58.5 cm. (Given that triangle VXA is similar to triangle VYB, find the lengths of XY and YB. )) Hence, find the volume of the frustum. Se eee VMWare15, A closed inverted conical container with radius 12.cm and height 30 cm contains water to a depth of 20m. ‘The container is inverted. Using similar triangles, find the depth, h em, of the water now. Nate eter ee ee eeName: Class: Date: Mel Stste aeRO Volume and surface area of spheres 1, Find the volume and total surface area of each solid sphere. (b) 2. Find the volume and total surface area of each solid hemisphere, @) a = . iP @ - ee Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres3. Find the radius and total surface area of each solid sphere. (a) volume = 930 em* (b) volume = 125 em? 4, Find the radius and volume of each solid sphere. (a)_ total surface area = 67 cm? (b) total surface area = 484n em’ ‘The total surface area of a solid hemisphere is Br om, Find (the radius, (ii) the volume. 6. ‘The volume of a solid hemisphere is 812 cm’. Find the total surface area of the hemisphere. Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres Pee et7. Asphere has a radius of 4 cm and a volume of 100 cm’. Find x in terms of r ‘The ratio of the radii of two solid spheres is 1 : k, where kis a constant. Find the ratio of (a) the volumes of the spheres, (b)_ the total surface area of the spheres. A solid hemisphere has a radius of 3p cm and a total surface area of 912 cm*, (i) Find the value of p. 24 of these hemispheres are melted to form a single hemisphere. Gi) Carl thinks that the radius of the larger hemisphere is (24 x 3p) em. Show that Carl is wrong, and calculate the correct radius of the larger hemisphere. ee RO IUCr aie ities10. An ice-cream scoop is in the shape of a hollow hemisphere. Its internal radius is 2.8 cm. Faye takes three scoops of ice-cream, each modelling a sphere, to make a sundae. Estimate the volume of ice-cream Faye has. LL. A decorative glass ornament is in the shape ofa hollow sphere, It has an internal diameter of 6.8 cm and a uniform thickness of 1.2 em. Calculate the volume of glass in the ornament. 12. ‘The diagram shows a decorative ornament. Four small identical metal spheres are tightly strung together in a straight line and are connected to the points Pand Q, where PQ is a diameter of the larger hollow sphere. Express the volume of empty space in the larger sphere as a percentage of its total volume. Nee tae Ce on ear © Shing Lee Publishers Pte LtdName: Class: Date: MTL EER Volume and surface area of composite solids em ‘The diagram shows a solid made from a cylinder and a cone. ‘The cylinder and cone each have a diameter of 12 cm. ‘The cylinder has a height of 25 cm and the cone has a height of 15 cm. {a) Find the volume of the solid. (b) Find the slant height of the cone. (©) Calculate the total surface area of the solid. 2. Attest tube can be modelled by a cylinder open at both ends attached to a hollow hemisphere as shown in the diagram. A researcher adds a chemical solution to half its capacity. Assuming that the test tube has negligible thickness, calculate the volume of chemical solution added. 14cm eae Noor ees3. A solid sphere fits exactly inside an empty cylinder “the height of the cylinder is 14 em. Taking x to be 2 find the volume of empty space inside the cylinder. 4, The diagram shows a solid made from a cone and a hemisphere SS (a) Find an equation connecting p, q and r. (b) Ibis now given that p= 10 and r= 26. Calculate the volume of the solid. Mee ee en ee Se ea5. A hemispherical bowl has an external diameter of 32 cm and a uniform thickness of 1 em. (i Show that the capacity of the bowl is 2250 cm’. A can of green tea can be modelled by a cylinder with an internal base radius of 3.3 cm and internal height of 1LS em. (di) Find the maximum number of cans of green tea that can be poured into the bowl without overflowing, ‘The green tea in the bowl is then poured into inverted conical paper cups. Each cup has a base diameter of 54 em and a height of 7 cm, (ii) Find the maximum number of cups that can be filled to the brim. 2a cm | 2acm A toy mushroom is made from a solid hemisphere attached to a solid cylinder with dimensions as shown, ‘The height of the cylinder is four times its radius, Find an expression, in terms of r and a, for the total surface area of the toy. eee Rea acu ote etsA solid is made from a cylinder and two identical cones. The cylinder has radius 3r cm and length 8r cm. ‘The cones have height 4r cm. ‘The total surface area of the solid is half the total surface area of a hemisphere with radius R cm, Find R in terms of r. 8. The diagram shows a solid formed by removing an identical cone from each end of a cylinder. ‘The cylinder and the cones have a common radius of 10 cm. ‘The height of each cone is 10 cm and the height of the eylinder is 24.cm. (a) Find the volume of the solid. (b) The solid is made from a material with density 1.15 g/cm’. Calculate the mass of the solid in kilograms, Ree tec Ie ne oe Seat)9. VABCD isa pyramid with a square base. ‘The base of the pyramid is joined to the flat surface of a hemisphere such that A, B, Cand D lie on the edge of the surface at A’, B', C’ and D’ respectively. ‘The combined object is then painted on all exposed surfaces, Find (@) the volume of the combined object, (b) the total surface area of the combined object that is painted. v Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres10. The base diameter and height ofa solid cone are 25 cm and 48 cm respectively. Anhorizontal cut is made such that a smaller cone is removed, The remaining part of the cone is then attached to a hemisphere, with diameter 25 cm, as shown in the diagram. Find the volume of the solid. Mee aa Shing Lee Publishers Pte LedName: Class: Date: - UIA acu ae og 1. Asolid cone has radius rem and height h cm, A solid hemisphere has radius rem. ‘The volumes of the cone and the hemisphere are equal Find an expression, in terms of h, for the total surface area of the hemisphere. 2. A balancing toy is made up of a cylinder attached to an inverted cone, which is then attached to a sphere, ‘The cross section of the toy is shown in the diagram. (a) Calculate the volume of the toy. ‘The toy is painted on all exposed surfaces. (b)_ Find the total surface area that is painted. eae Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and Spheres3. The diagram shows the net of pyramid. Tt consists of a rectangle and four isosceles triangles, {a) Show that the total surface area of the pyramid is 487 em’, ‘The pyramid forms a mould for an ornament. Every cubic centimetre of material used to make the ornament has a mass of 0.94 g. (b) Find the mass of each ornament. Volume and Surface Area of Pyramids, Cones and SpheresName: Class: We Ss PLAY Probability experiment and sample space 1. A coin is tossed. (i) Write down the sample space. (Gi) State the total number of possible outcomes. 2. Asix-sided die is rolled. (8) Write down the sample space. ii) State the total number of possible outcomes. 3. A Korean restaurant allows customers who have accumulated a certain number of points to spin the wheel to win a prize. “The spinner is divided into equal sectors. (i) Write down the sample space. (ii) State the total number of possible outcomes. See ea Doreen4, A student is selected at random and is asked which month she was born in. (i) Write down the sample space. (Gi). State the total number of possible outcomes. A box contains letter cards that show all the vowels of the alphabet. Each vowel appears on two cards. (i) Write down the sample space. (ii) State the total number of possible outcomes. ‘A number from 1086 to 1103 inclusive is chosen at random, (i) Write down the sample space. (Gi) State the total number of possible outcomes. Simon reads the time shown on a digital clock. Write down the sample space of the numbers corresponding to the minutes shown on the clock. (ii) State the total number of possible outcomes. 8. A two-digit number is formed at random using the digits ‘2’, 4’ and ‘9" with no repetition of digits. (i) Write down the sample space. State the total number of possible outcomes. Probability of Single Events See eee)Nam Class: Date: _ MTSE Probability of single events 1. An unbiased coin is tossed. Find the probability of getting (a) ahead, (b) ata 2. A fair six-sided die is rolled, Find the probability of getting (a) a, (b) a‘lora‘é’, (©) aprime number, (d)_ a multiple of 10. 3. Lin spins this fair spinner. (a) Write down the sample space. (b) Find the probability that it lands on a number not more than 5, i) prime number. H] [a] [e] [2] [1] [y ‘The letters of the word HAPPINESS are written on cards, (One card is chosen at random. Find the probability that the letter on the card is @ P. (b) T. 5. A box contains 6 blue cards, 8 green cards and 7 red cards. A card is taken at random from the box. (a) Find the probability that it is red. Give your answer as a fraction in its lowest terms, (b) Find the probability that it is not green. (©) Find the probability that itis yellow. er Gener6. The number of each class of seats on a particular aircraft is as shown, Boeing 777-300 Extended Range First class: 4 Business class: 48 Premium economy: 28 Economy: 184 A passenger is chosen at random from full flight to participate in a survey on in-flight shopping. Find the probability that the passenger chosen sits in the Premium economy section, (ii) does not sit in Business class. {A letter is chosen at random from the word ‘HILARIOUS’. Find the probability that the letter chosen is, @ ant, (ii) a consonant, (ii) avowel, (iv) a. A bag contains cards numbered 21, 22, 23, ‘One card is chosen at random. Find the probability that the number on the card is (a) a“ (b) aneven number, (©) amultiple of 64, (A) aperfect square or a perfect cube. A two-digit number is formed at random using the digits 3', 6’, ‘7 and ‘0’ with no repetition of digits Find the probability that the number formed is, (i) 60, (ii) not as. A two-digit number is formed at random using the digits’, 4,9" and ‘0 Repetition of digits is allowed. Find the probability that the number formed is () anodd number, (i) a factor of 266. Probability of Single Events eee11. A three-digit number is chosen at random, (a) Write down the sample space. (b) Find the probability that the number is () aneven number, (ii) aperfect cube. A carton contains 40 cans of tuna flakes. ‘The probability of taking a can of chilli tuna flakes is 3 7 Find the number of cans of tuna flakes which are not chilli tuna flakes. . A sack contains only black, white and purple balls. ‘The probability of taking a black ball from the sack is 0.36. ‘The probability of taking a white ball from the sack is 0.4 A ball is taken from the sack at random. (a) Find the probability that the ball is black or white. (b) Find the probability that the ball - © A meteorologist describes weather conditions using the terms “thunderstorm”, “rain”, “cloudy” and “sunny”, ‘There is a 15% chance that tomorrow's weather is reported as “rain”. ‘The probability that tomorrow's weather is reported as “cloudy” is the same as the probability that it is reported as “sunny”, Based on the weather report, people are advised against going to the beach tomorrow. Suggest probabilities for tomorrow's weather being reported as “thunderstorm” and as “sunny”, ‘This table shows information about a group of children Boy | Girl Perfect vision | 30 m4 Myopic 21 35 A member of the group is selected at random. Find, as a fraction in its lowest terms, the probability that the student is (a) a girl with perfect vision, (b) myopic. Eee) erm ee16. An analogue clock has an hour hand and a minute hand. Glenda looks at the clock at random times of the day. (@) Show that the probability of the clock showing atime between 4:45 and 6:15 is 4. (b)_ Find the probability that the hour hand points to an area between ‘2’ and ‘3’ 17. A biased six-sided die is rolled ‘The probabilities of obtaining each odd number are equal. ‘The probability of obtaining a ‘6's thrice the probability of obtaining a 2 ‘The ratio of the probability of obtaining a ‘I’ to the probability of obtaining a “f to the probability of obtaining a6" is5:9:12. Find the probability of obtaining a’ 18. In a football match, there are three possible outcomes for each team ~ win, lose or draw. Thomas says, “The probability of each team winning is 4 Do you agree with Thomas? Explain your answer. 19. @ A fair tetrahedral die has four faces. Each face shows a positive number that is less than 100. se the following clues to determine a set of possible numbers on each face. Clue 1: The probability of obtaining a composite number is 0.75. Clue 2: There are two perfect squares, one of which is also a perfect cube. Clue 3: One of the faces shows the smallest prime number. Clue 4: The numbers do not have any common factor, other than 1. Clue 5: The probabilities of obtaining a number that is divisible by 3, by 5 and by 7 are all equal to Probability of Single EventsName: Class: Date: ACTS AC Further examples of probability of single events 1, the diagram shows a line segment PR. ‘The point Q lies on PR such that PQ: QR P A point on PR is selected at random. Find the probability that the point lies on PQ. “The diagram shows a circle divided into five sectors V, W, X, Yand Z. A point is selected at random inside the circle. Find the probability that the point (a) lies in sector ¥, (b) lies in sector X or Z. A survey is conducted to find out which continent a group of university students will be travelling to for an exchange programme. Each student will travel to one continent. ‘The pie chart shows the results of the survey. (a) Form an equation in p and solve it to find the value of p. A student is selected at random. Le (b) Find the probability that the student will be travelling to K (Europe, ii) either Asia or North America, (iii) South America. A total of 144 students were surveyed. (©) Calculate the number of students whose exchange programme will take place in Asia onesie4, There are 14 white cabbages and x purple cabbages in a box. ‘A cabbage is selected at random. ‘The probability of taking a white cabbage from the box is 0.56 Find the value of x. ‘There are 280 green cushions and some red cushions in a warehouse. A cushion is selected at random. ‘The probability of taking a red cushion from the warehouse is 7 Find the number of red cushions in the warehouse. A crate contains (5p + 3) green apples and (45 ~ p) red apples. An apple is selected at random. 3 ‘The probability of taking a red apple from the erate is 3. Find the value of p. a A food platter contains 50 rice rolls. Of the p vegetarian rice rolls, 5 are made from brown rice. Of the remaining 35 seafood rice rolls, p are made from white rice. (a) Write down the value of p. A rice roll is selected at random. (b)_ Find, as a fraction in its lowest terms, the probability that the rice roll is (i) a vegetarian rice roll made from white rice, (ii) made from brown rice. on ieaeea ee Lea‘A bag contains three types of candy ~ 12 mints, 9 toffees and 11 fruit pastilles. (a) A piece of candy is chosen at random, What is the probability that itis nota toffee? (b) Some fruit pastilles are eaten. ‘The probability of choosing a mint is now 0.5. How many fruit pastilles were eaten? 9. A.box contains 8 number cards, 10 alphabet cards and 6 picture cards. (a) Acard is chosen at random. What is the probability that itis a picture card? (b) How many alphabet cards must be removed from the box so that the probability of choosing an alphabet card would be 4 z How many number cards must be added to or removed from the box so that the probability of choosing a number card would be 3 2 10. In the diagram, two identical right-angled isosceles triangles are drawn at two corners of a rectangle. AP = 12 cmand AS=4em. ‘A point is selected at random inside the rectangle. A 12m P Find the probability that the point lies inside one of the triangles. eat fees11. A figure consists of three semicircles A, B and C. Oi the centre of semicircle B. ‘The arc length of semicircle Cis 37cm. (Find the radius of semicircle C. A point is selected at random inside fa the figure. <> (ii) Find the probability that the point lies inside semicircle B. 12. ‘The diagram shows an isosceles triangle drawn inside a circle. The circumference of the circle is 20x cm. The ratio of the length of major arc AX. to the length of minor arc AYBis 8:1. A point is selected at random inside the circle Find the probability that the point lies outside the triangle. Leave your answer as a decimal, correct to 2 decimal places. eee ers eeClass: Date: A number is chosen at random from the first eight prime numbers, (a) Write down the sample space. (b) Find the probability that the number chosen is (i) anodd number, (ii) a factor of 24 A factory manufactures electronic storage devices. ‘The probability that an electronic storage device is faulty is 0.065. ‘A company buys 2000 of these devices. How many of them are not faulty? A die is rolled 150 times and the results are recorded in the table [2] (a) Explain why this is nota fair die. (b) Find the value of x, (ii) the probability that either a3’ or a‘5’is obtained. A three-digit number, 5X8, is such that X represents a digit from 0 to 9. Given that X is chosen at random, find the probability that the number formed i (i) 548, (i) greater than 590, (ii) an even number, (iv) a multiple of 25. A box contains 9 blue cards, 6 red cards and 10 yellow cards, (a) A card is chosen at random, What is the probability that itis not a red card? (b) xyellow cards are removed from the box. ‘The probability of choosing a blue card is now a Find the value of x, ae oe eee)6. The bar graph shows the favourite snack of a group of students. ‘ A student is chosen at random, Find the probability that (the student’ favourite snack is dried fruit, (ii) the student's favourite snack is not biscuits. ‘The diagram shows three concentric circles with centre at O. A point is selected at random inside the largest circle, Find the probability that the point lies inside (a) region C, (b) region B. Probability of Single Events ae oatName: Clase Date: Z Worksheet 13A fapiigieens 1, The dot diagram shows the number of words a group of students wrote for an English summary practice. 7 78 79 80 82 83 84 85, (i) How many students were there? (ii) Whats the most common number of words written? (iii) ‘The word limit for the practice is 80. How many students exceeded the word limit? A six-sided die is rolled 20 times. The dot diagram summarises the results. 5 (Find the probability of obtaining a ‘4’ when the die is rolled, Find the probability of obtaining a2’ or a5’ when the die is rolled, Cee tee eee iG3. The number of hours 18 students spend attending enrichment classes in a week is given in the table, ee ee 4 (a) Represent the data on a dot diagram, (b) State the maximum number of hours these students spend attending enrichment classes in a week, (©) A students selected at random, Find the probability that the student spends not more than 5 hours attending enrichment classes in aweek, 4. The table shows the number of online food delivery orders received by a restaurant in two weeks. 8 59476 ao 45 [5748 46 (a) Represent the data on a dot diagram. (6) What can you say about the distribution of the data? ical Diagrams etIt is recommended for adults to eat five servings of fruits and vegetables each day. A group of adults took part in a survey to find out the number of servings of fruits and vegetables each of them eat in a day. ‘The dot diagrams represent the results for the males and the females. ee © +t tH tH Bo92 8 4 5 6 ‘Number of servings eaten by the males o 1 2 3 4 Number of servings eaten by the females (@) Find the percentage of the females surveyed who do not cat the recommended number of servings each day. (b) Write down two brief statements comparing the number of servings eaten by the males and the females, ® Shing Lee Publishers Pte Led Statistical Diagrams6. The dot diagram shows the amount of time taken by a group of children to solve a logic puzzle. According to the creator of the puzzle, the average time taken to solve it is approximately 6 minutes. (a) How many more boys than girls solved the puzzle in less than 6 minutes? (b) ‘Two more girls solve the logic puzzle. ‘When their results are added to the dot diagram, the data for the girls is symmetrical. How many minutes did each girl take? (6) & One more boy solves the logic puzzle and his result is added to the dot diagram. ‘When the data for the boys is represented on a pie chart, the sum of the angles corresponding to “5 minutes’ and ‘7 minutes’ is 120°. Suggest the time taken by this boy. (d)_ Did the boys or the girls take less time to solve the puzzle? Explain your answer. Statistical Diagrams © Shing Lee Publishers Pte LidName: Class: Date: DoS R]ER Histograms for ungrouped data 1, A survey on the number of e-books a group of adults read in a six-month period was conducted. Some of the results are shown in the table below. (a) Complete the frequency column. (b) Draw a histogram to represent these data. ‘Number of e-books eee) eed2. ‘The table shows the number of online purchases 30 people made in a month, (a) Construct a frequency table for the data. Draw a histogram to represent these data. Frequency Number of online purchases Write down the most common number of online purchases made in that month. See cud eeeNar Class: Date: 8 Worksheet 13C —enenreeem send 1, ‘The stem-and-leaf diagram shows the length of time each member of the archery club took to score 100 points in an archery practice. 288 45 8 Key 33 5 a 0 12 means 12 minutes Find (@) the number of members in the archery club, (b) the longest duration, (©) the most common duration 2. The stem-and-leaf diagram with split stems shows the number of sit-ups a group of 14-year-old boys did in 1 minute during a physical fitness test. 7 0 6 | 3/4 mea (a) Write down the number of boys in the group. (b) A boy who does more than 42 sit-ups in 1 minute is awarded a grade A. Write down the ratio number of boys awarded a grade A : number of boys not awarded a grade A. eee Soe rag3. The back-to-backstem-and-leaf diagram shows the speeds of vehiclesin a school zone in a particular morning Between 6.30 a.m. and 6.35 a.m. Between 8 a.m. and 8.05 a.m. @e 4 3 4 o Bea et 6 & B 8-40) Key 1 [2] 6 means 21 km/h between 6.30 a.m. and 6,35 a.m. and 26 km/h between 8 a.m, and 8.05 a.m. (a) During which time interval do the vehicles travel ata greater speed? ‘The speed limit along any road in a school zone is 40 km/h between 6.30 a.m. and 7. between 12 noon and 2.30 p.m.,and between 6 p.m. and 7 pan. At other times, the speed limit is 50 km/h. (b) During which time interval is there a higher percentage of vehicles which exceed the speed limit? Show your working clearly. 4, ‘The masses, in kilograms, of 18 boxes of paper to be recycled are given in the table, 29 4 2 0B 4023221287 st (a) Represent the data on a stem-and-leaf diagram. (b) State the greatest and least masses of the boxes. (6) Abox with a mass greater than 30 kg has to be repacked, Find the percentage of boxes that have to be repacked. Statistical Diagrams Seer)5. The stem-and-leaf diagram represents the number of pizzas restaurant sold every day in a particular month, Key 2.1 means 21 pizzas (a) Represent the data on a stem-and-leaf diagram with split stems. (b)_ State the class interval(s) in part (a) that has/have the most pizzas. (©) The profit made on each pizza sold is about $8. On how many days did the restaurant make a profit of more than $350 from the pizzas? 6. The table shows the distances, in km, covered by two groups of cyclists 3600«25 29g 33041860 30°0«370~« 35 28416 39845 (a) Represent the data on a back-to-back stem-and-leaf diagram, (b)_ Find the number of cyclists from On Two Wheels who covered between 30 km and 40 km inclusive (©) Which group covered a greater distance? Explain your answer. a eee ee7. The dot diagram shows the average daily temperature of various cities. eco oe ° ° eee +++ +++ ++ +++++++++- °C) 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 (a) Represent the data on a stem-and-leaf diagram. (b) Compare the dot diagram given and the stem-and-leaf diagram that you have drawn in part (a). (i) Which representation shows the most common average daily temperature more clearly? (ii) © Suggest one advantage a stem-and-leaf diagram has over a dot diagram. pee ees eeName: Class: Date: Weleit-imMRCJBR Histograms for grouped data 1. The histogram summarises the pH values of 30 bottles of chemical solution in a laboratory. A pH value less than 7 indicates that a solution is acidic. Frequency 6 7 pH value (a) How many bottles of chemical solution had a pH value of between 7 and 8? (b) Find the probability that a bottle chosen at random contains chemical solution that is not acidic. 2. ‘The histogram shows the number of monsters each player caught in a virtual reality game. ‘There are 30 monsters to be caught. A 50: & Frequency 7 5 10 15 20 25 30 Number of monsters caught (a) State the number of players who caught between 10 and 25 monsters. (b) Marcus says that about 25.5% of the players caught the maximum number of monsters. ‘What misconception has Marcus made? eee Statistical Diagrams3. The histogram shows the earnings of a group of food delivery drivers on a particular day. Frequency » 20-40 60 80 100 Earnings ($x) (Using the class intervals 0 = x < 20, 20 = x < 40 and so on, construct a frequency table for the data, (ii). State the interval that contains the most food delivery drivers. (ii) How many drivers earned at least $20 on that day? (iv) Express the number of drivers who earned less than $60 as a percentage of the total number of drivers surveyed. Cee ed ‘© Shing Leo Publishers Pee Lid‘A survey of the duration students spend on enrichment lessons in a week is carried out, Some of the results are shown in the table below. osxc2 [Hit Hit 2excd {Ht tit lll a=x) & Which delivery service would you choose to have your parcel delivered? Explain your answer. © Shing Lee Publishers Pte Ltd See3. The stem-and-leaf diagram shows the pH values of various hand soaps, 7 8 “ 9 5788 Key 10 4 4 6 7 |5 means 7.5 (a) State the lowest pH value recorded above. (b)_ Write down the class interval with the highest frequency. (©) Using suitable class intervals, draw a histogram to illustrate the data. Frequency pH value Soe ee © Shing Lee Publishers Pte LidNamé Class: Date: Worksheet 14A (Nien 1. Find the mean of each set of data, (a) 17,19,25 (b) 38, 36, 34, 32 (0) 83,26,74,18,95 (@) -5,2,-1,0,-9,4 2. Find the mean of x of each distribution, (a) a rar E eee Wee see id3. Find the mean of each distribution. @) ° Key 4|3 means 4.3m? re 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Indoor temperature (°C) 4, Calculate an estimate for the mean of the distribution. Frequency 10 20 30 «40 5 Number of books er ets) ea5. Calculate an estimate for the mean of x of each distribution, @ M4 20-40 «60 «80 100 Number of questions (@)_ State the modal class interval(s). (b)_Isit correct to say that the maximum number of questions practised was 100? Explain your answer. 4, Twenty students were asked how many flights of stairs they climbed on a particular day. 2 9 @€ & fF B@ i f wm io) Bee a (a) State the mode. (b) Another student adds to the above data such that the distribution is now bimodal. How many flights of stairs did he climb on that particular day? Write down all the possible answers. ee ec rey hers Pos LtdName: Class: Date: Med etetsaIBY Measures of central tendency 1, The table shows the distribution of the number of surgeries per day over a 36-day period. of[if2y3 [a4 (a) Find the value of x. (b) Find (the mean number of surgeries per day, the median number of surgeries per day, (iii) the modal number of surgeries per day. 2. ‘The following numbers are arranged in ascending order. 46472227 B ‘The median is 2.5 less than the mean, Find the value of x. 3. @ The mean of the digits ofa four-digit number is 25. (i) Write down five such possible four-digit numbers. (ii) Using your answer in part (i), find the median of the five numbers. eee ee ee‘The marks scored by the Secondary 2 students in the end-of-year Literature examination are summatised in the table. ‘The teachers adjusted the marks as the level of difficulty was higher than expected. They added x marks to every students initial mark. Find, in terms of x, an expression for (a) the new mean, (b) the new median, (©) the new mode, (d)_ the new range of marks, 5. (a) Ken says, “Ifthe median of five consecutive odd integers is p, then the mean of these five integers is also p.” Do you agree with Ken? Explain your answer. (b) Leslie says, “If the mean of five odd integers is q, then the median of these five integers is also 4.” Do you agree with Leslie? Explain your answer. Shoe sizes of a particular brand range from 4 to 12 inclusive, and are integer values. ‘The mean, median and modal shoe sizes of 12 boys are 8.5, 8.5 and 8 respectively. ‘The smallest shoe size among the boys is 5. Find the largest possible shoe size among the boys. eee ote)35 36 37 38 ‘The temperatures ofa group of students were measured before an event and the results are shown in the stem-and-leaf diagram. (a) What is the highest temperature measured among the group of students? (b) Find the median. (©) Students with temperatures of at least 37.5 °C were advised not to participate in the event. ‘The organiser calculated that about 92% of the students could participate in the event. Is the organiser correct? Give a reason for your answer. 8, The histogram shows the time, in minutes, that some customers ofa bank waited before speaking toa customer service officer. A 20 18 16 Frequency 1520-25-30” ‘Waiting time (minutes) (@) Calculate an estimate for the mean waiting time. (b) Sarah says that the half of the customers waited longer than 17.5 minutes, Do you agree with Sarah? Explain your answer. (©) Mr Chean is the manager of this bank. He thinks that most customers are willing to wait for up to 20 minutes to speak to a customer service officer. Do you agree with Mr Chean? Explain your answer. eee Cee eee9. The table shows the air pollution levels in Singapore from 2012 to 2018. is | 14 26 | 25 Source: National Envivonment Agency (i) the mean amount of PM2.5 in the environment from 2012 to 2018, (ii) the mean amount of nitrogen dioxide in the environment from 2012 to 2015. (b) Find (@ the median amount of PM2.5 in the environment from 2012 to 2018, (ii) the median amount of nitrogen dioxide in the environment from 2012 to 2015. (©) Do you agree that an increase in the amount of PM2.5 in the environment corresponds to an inerease in the amount of nitrogen dioxide? Explain your answer. 10. During a high jump practice, Leslie and Mark each cleared the high jump bar six times. ‘The heights, in metres, that they attained are recorded in the table. W718l 178180818 | 183190 L746 1.85.67 (a) Find (i) the mean height attained by Leslie, )) the mean height attained by Mark, (b) @ ‘The coach has to select either Leslie or Mark to represent the school in a high jump competition. Suggest to the coach whom he should select, and give your reasons, ee eee ee11. ‘This dot diagram shows the mean daily maximum temperature recorded in Singapore for each month in 2019. . oe eeecee 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 ‘What was the highest mean daily maximum temperature recorded? ‘The same mean daily maximum temperature was recorded in three months in 2019. What was the temperature? Find the mode. ‘This dot diagram shows the mean daily maximum temperature recorded in Singapore for each month in 1987. 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Which year, 1987 or 2019, had a higher mean daily maximum temperature? Explain your answer. ee ee eens12, A group of 16 students were asked how many minutes they had taken to prepare a meal for their Food and Nutrition assessment 2 99 OQ12ZRSHESSTS6CCT A 2|2mear (i) Each student was expected to take 45 minutes. Find the percentage of students who took more than 45 minutes. (ii) Find the median time. iii) Explain why the mean may not be an appropriate average to use to summarise the times taken by these students. (iv) Tt was discovered that the amounts of time had been measured incorrectly ‘The correct amounts of time were all 3 minutes less than those recorded. Explain how the median time has been affected by this error. 13. 25 students did sit-ups in 1 minute, ‘The mean number of sit-ups was 39.6 and the median was 39, Later, an extra student did sit-ups in 1 minute. ‘The new mean number of sit-ups was 40. (a) How many sit-ups did the extra student do? (b) Complete the sentence below with the correct phrase from thelist. ‘The new median.. ee eae ee14. ‘The dot diagram shows the heights of 20 plants at Nursery P and 20 plants at Nursery Q. Nursery P 8052, S436 38 Nursery Qo (a) Find the median height of the plants at Nursery P. (b) Find the median height of the plants at Nursery Q. (6) Write down two comments comparing the heights of the plants at Nursery Pand those at Nursery Q 15. The back-to-back stem-and-leaf diagram shows the distance, in kilometres, travelled to the school of martial arts every week by the boys and girls in the school. Boys Girls 6 4 9 3 4 2 1 0 2 1 6553 0 8873 3 Key (Boys) Key (Girls) 4| represents 14km | | 1 [2 represents 12 km (a) Find the median distance travelled by the boys. (b) Find the modal distance travelled by the gil. (6) Write down two brief statements comparing the distance travelled by the boys and the girls, Bee Averages of Statistical Data16. ‘The back-to-back stem-and-leaf diagram shows the times, in minutes, taken by two groups of students to complete a task, Group A Group B 87641 99988544330 6652 1] 2|9 means 21 minutes in group A and 29 minutes in group B (Find the median time for group A. (il) Find the range of times for group B. (iii) Calculate the percentage of students in group B who took less than 40 minutes. (iv) Students who completed the task in less than 45 minutes were given a certificate. Students who completed the task in less than 32 minutes were awarded a trophy. Use this information to make two comments comparing the performance of the students in the two groups. 17. €3 Shan has written down five numbers. ‘The mean of these numbers is 9, the median is 11 and the mode is 11. Find two possible sets of these five numbers. Eee ease ere eeeName: Class: Date: Review Exercise 14 1. The stem-and-leaf diagram shows the number of food delivery orders that a fast food restaurant received in each hour on a particular day. Key 1 [8 means 18 Find (@)_ the number of hours the fast food restaurant was open on that particular day, (b)_ the median number of food delivery orders, (©) the modal number of food delivery orders. 2 3 4 Number of items ‘The histogram shows the number of items in the shopping carts of 56 online shoppers ata particular time. (a) Find the mode. (b) Calculate the mean number of items in the carts. (0) ‘Atleast quarter of the shoppers had more than 3 items in their shopping carts at that particular time.’ Is this statement correct? Give a reason for your answer. Cee eee)3, ‘The mean height of seven basketball players in a competition is 1.95 m. (a) Two of them, with heights 1.96 m and 1.87 m, are reserves Find the mean height of the other five players. (b) © The median height of all the seven players is 1.94 m. The distribution of the heights is bimodal. Suggest a possible set of data for the heights of all the seven players, 4. Seven numbers have been written on the board, ‘The mean of these numbers is 9 and the median is 9. ‘The modes are 7 and 10. ‘The largest number is 5 more than the smallest number. Find the seven numbers. 5. The dot diagram shows the preferred sizes of T-shirts of the members of a crowd control team for an event. (a) Find the median size of the T-shirts worn by the men. (b) Find the mean size of the T-shirts worn by the women. ‘The company manufacturing T-shirts sells them in packets of 10 T-shirts of the same size. ‘The organiser of the event is unsure whether to use the mean or the median T-shirt size to order T-shirts, or if there is another way to determine the size(s). (©) © Suggest how the organiser should place his order of the T-shirts, indicating the size of the T-shirts corresponding to each packet. Averages of Statistical Data eerName: Secondary 2 Express End-o' 2 hours 30 minutes READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Answer all the questions Give non-exact numerical answers correct to 3 significant figures, or 1 decimal place in the case of angles in degrees, unless a different level of accuracy is specified in the question. ‘The use of an approved scientific calculator is expected, where appropriate. You are reminded of the need for clear presentation in your answers At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question, ‘The total number of marks for this paper is 100. eee Secondary 2 Express End-of- year Checkpoint ASection A ie Choose a symbol from thelist above to make a correct statement. Answer & 7 88% [1] 2. The number of students at a National Day rehearsal is given as 6000, correct to the nearest thousand. Write down the minimum number of students that could be at the rehearsal at this time. Use factorisation to solve the equation 6° - 10x - 54 Answer x= 4, Abox contains 9 notebooks with grid paper, 17 notebooks with lined paper and 14 notebooks with plain paper. (a) A notebook is chosen at random, ‘What is the probability that it has plain paper? Answer —— lt] (b) How many notebooks with lined paper must be added to the box so that the probability of choosing a 1 notebook with lined paper would be Sees ee ee a Cece5. The course fees for a coding workshop are reduced by 8% during the school holiday ‘The fees payable during the school holidays are $45 for each session Calculate the course fees payable for each session before the school holidays. Give your answer correct to the nearest dollar, Answer, ey Ml s(l-32) 3 6. Find the greatest rational value of x that satisfies the inequality 7. Factorise 9ax* ~ 30axy + 25ay* completely. Answer © Shing Lee Publishers Pte Ltd Secondary 2 Express End-of-year Checkpoint Ainversely proportional to the cube of x iven that y = 4 when x “The price of a pair of wireless earbuds is $219 in Singapore. ‘The price of the same pair of earbuds in Germany is €124, ‘The exchange rate between Singapore dollars ($) and euros (€) is $1 = €0.67. Calculate how much cheaper the pair of earbuds is in Germany than in Singapore, giving your answer in Singapore dollars. Answer 10. Triangle ABC is similar to triangle APQ. Find the values of x and y. Sey asa ee een aue PeetLL. (i) Factorise x° - 9801. Hence, find two factors of 31 003, other than 1 and 31 003. 12. An octagon has 3 interior angles measuring 102° each. “The remaining interior angles all measure x° each. Find the value of x. 13. ‘The diagram shows two right-angled triangles PRS and QRS, RS = 16 cm, angle QSR = 24° and angle PSR = 35°, Find the length of PQ. Ecooianela ue cues14, The table shows some values of x and the corresponding values of y. @ Show that y is not directly proportional to x. Answer (ii) @ Given that y is directly proportional to ax + 6, find a possible pair of values for a and b. 15. Mr and Mrs Lim each open an investment account. The ratio Mr Lim's principal : Mrs Lim’s principal = 9 10. ‘They each deposit another $4000 into their account. ‘The new ratio Mr Lim's principal : Mrs Lim’s principal = 19 : 21 Find how much Mrs Lim now has in her account. 16. A map of Australia is drawn to a scale of 1 : 5 000 000. (@) “The distance on the map between the eastern end and the western end of Australia is 80.6 cm. Find the actual distance. Give your answer in kilometres. km] (b) ‘The area of Australia is 7 692.000 km’. Caleulate the area of Australia on the map. Give your answer in cm Answer eee eee a © Shing Lee Publishers Pte Lid17. ‘The histogram shows the distribution of the number of steps 63 teachers took on a particular day. 4 Frequency > 0 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10 000 Number of steps (i) Which interval contains the median number of steps? Answer i) (ii) Calculate an estimate of the mean number of steps, eae Recueaiea au ee acne18, Ten identical squares are joined to form a rectangle. Given that the width of the rectangle is 6 em, find the possible lengths of the diagonals ofthe rectangle. 19. ‘The back-to-back stem-and-leaf diagram shows the masses, in grams, of two batches of oranges, Batch A Batch B 20 2 22 23 24 Key (Batch A) Key (Batch B) 421 represents 214 grams | | 20] 8 represents 208 grams (a) Write down the median mass of the oranges in Batch A, Answer (b) The range of the masses of the oranges in Batch B is 27 grams, Find the value of k Answer k (©) Make two comments comparing the masses of the oranges in Batch A and Batch B. 1 cca AS oe unis clacuan cous © Shing Lee Publishers Pte Ld20, (a) ‘the first four terms of a sequence are 12, 5, ~2 and ~9. ‘The sum of the first m terms of this sequence is given by an bn. @ Whenn=1,a-b=12, Show that 2a - 4b = 17. Answer (ii) Use the method of elimination to solve a~b 2a~4l Answer a= b (b) ‘The sum of the first » terms of a different sequence is given by Eln+23). Find the 12" term of this sequence. Pe eet Euan ecSection B 8r-q 71 (Evaluate p when q=4 and r= (ii) Express rin terms of p and q. (b) Factorise completely 12ax — Shy - 6hx + 10ay. oh Bx-5 Tx-2 21. (a) p= (© Write asa single fraction in its simplest form. (@) Solve 12° =3x-8, Recados © Shing Lee Publishers22, (a) ‘The diagram shows a piece of cardboard PORS. PQ =33 cm, QR =56 em, RS = 37 cm, PR = 65 cm and angle PRS = 90°, 37am (i) Find angle RPS. Determine whether PQR is a right-angled triangle, ii) Calculate the area of the cardboard PQRS. (b) ‘The diagram shows the plan of the ceiling of a play room in a kindergarten, It is drawn toa scale of em represents n metres. ‘The actual area of the ceiling is 72 m*, Scale: 1 cm represents » metres (i Using the plan, find the value of n (ii) The interior designer plans to paint the ceiling ‘The paint she has chosen is available in tins of three sizes. 400 ml litre 5 litres $9.90 $23 $72 | itre of paint covers 10 m’, Calculate the least amount of money the interior designer has to spend on the paint. eee Cee i ie ecu23, ‘The variables x and y are connected by the equation y = ~x? + 4x ~ 1. Some corresponding values of x and y are given in the table below. (a) Find the value of p. (b) On the grid, draw the graph of y =-x' + 4x Lfor-1

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