ees For specific KALREZ® information, call our new toll-free number, 1-800-822-3590. (In Canada, call 1-800-251-3673.)INTRODUCTION Before reviewing elastomers and their properties, it is necessary to understand the terms “‘poly- mer,” “rubber,” “elastomer,” and “'compound" as they are used in this handbook. POLYMER A polymer is the “result of a chemical linking of molecules into a long chain-like structure.” Both plastics and elastomers are polymers. In this handbook, the term generally refers to a class of elastomers, members of which have similar chemical and physical properties. O-rings are made of many polymers, but well over half of the total O-ring production is nitrile. RUBBER When rubber-like materials wore first produced from sources other than rubber trees, it was the practice to distinguish them from natural rubber by referring to them as ‘synthetic rubber.” Since then, usage in the industry has broadened the meaning of the tern “rubber” to include both natural and synthetic materials having rubber-like qualities, This broader meaning of the word “rubber” is used in this handbook ELASTOMER Though “elastomer is synonymous with rubber,” it is more formally a “high polymer that can be or has been modified to a state exhibiting little plastic flow and quick or nearly complete recovery from an extending force.” Such material before modification is called, in most instances, a raw or crude rubber. When the basic high polymer, without the addition of plasticizers or other dilu- 's, is converted by appropriate means to an essentially non-plastic state and tested at room temperature, it must meet the fotlowing requirements in order to led an elastomer. A, It must not break when stretched approximately 100%. B. Atter being stretched 100%, held for 5 minutes and then released, it must retract to within 10% of its origi- nal length within § minutes after release This, essentially, is the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) definition of the term “elastomer. COMPOUND A compound is a mixture of base polymers and other chemicals which form a finished rubber material More precisely, compound refers to a specific blend of in- gredients tailored for particular characteristics required to optimize performance in some specific service. The basis of compound design is selection of the polymer type—there may be a dozen or so different verSions from which to choose. To the elastomer, the compounder may add reinforcing agents, such as carbon black, curing or vuleanizing agents, such as sulphur, activators, plasticizers, accelerators, anti-oxidants, anti-ozonants, anti-rads — until the elastomer has been tailored into @ seal compound with its own distinct properties, Since the compounder has, thousands of compounding ingredients at his disposal, it seems reasonable to visualize two, three, or a hundred com- pounds having the same base elastomer yet exhibiting marked performance differences in the end product—the seal The terms “compound” and “elastomer are also used in- terchangeably in a more general sense. Such usage usually references a particular type or class of materials as "nitrile compounds” or “butyl elastomers.” Please remember that when one specific compound is under discussion in this manual it is a blend of compounding ingredients (includ: ing one or more elastomers) with its own individual charac- teristics.CHROMASSURE. .. COLOR ASSURANCE O-RINGS Error resulting from a mixup in basic polymer is potentially the greatest quality problem a seal user can experience. Basic polymer differences can result in a seal swelling to lock up a unit, shrinking away —providing a leak path or Complete degradation resulting from fluid and/or tempera- ture incompatability. With today’s product liability claims on the rise, a seal user can't afford to take unnecessary chances. Parker Seal CHROMASSURE materials offer you high- performance color seals comparable to or exceeding their black rubber counterparts. Parker CHROMASSURE O-rings are available in the most commonly required elastomers and compounds meeting the most popular specifications, ‘THE CHROMASSURE SYSTEM ‘The CHROMASSURE plan is simple. A single color repre- sents each of the different major polymer families. CHRO- MASSURE color identification is integral, throughout the entire seal, not just a superficial coating that will wear away. CHROMASSURE color remains for the life of the seal CHROMASSURE seals offer you superior performance in the most demanding service and in addition have four specific benefits not available with traditional “Basic Black” poly- mers. These important benefits help you: ‘ELIMINATE ASSEMBLY ERRORS OF INCORRECT ELASTOMER. CHROMASSURE will vividly identify the proper elastomer on your assembly line and virtually assure that correct seal material is used + UPGRADE PRODUCT QUALITY AND RELIABILITY Installation of the proper elastomer means improved re- liability of your product; consequently fewer quality head- aches, ‘+ MINIMIZE WARRANTY AND LIABILITY PROBLEMS CHROMASSURE offers an added margin of safety by Strengthening internal quality controls. If non-black seals are installed in your product, customer repair with un authorized replacement seals will be more evident... giv- ing you added warranty protection, * PROTECT AND INSURE YOUR AFTERMARKET Where "non-black” seals are utilized, the end usefis more likely to come back to you for his “special” colored re- placement seal needs. For adcitional information, contact your Parker Seal Distrib- tutor, Territory Manager or Parker Seal direct at (608) 269-2351 ‘THE CHROMASSURE SYSTEM TYPICAL PARKER POLYMER COLOR_COMPOUND SPECIFICATION EnyienePropyene Purple E49-09 7TAABISANSFITLM Floorcare Brown VBB-7S wivgaszescu 1 cL2 Fiuossiieone Bue” Lia0-70 i.a-259486, 6870 Neoprene fed C3443 ds 3208 nae Back M8770 SCH TI0A2SBUEIBEDS sicehe Rist Sa0470 as 3308 (—) ©) L1120-70 N674-70, ‘ve84-75/V894-90 8604-70 Ethylene Propylene 944-70 893-80 w2basic elastomers Following is a review of the various elastomers available for Use in seals. Typical trade names are listed. However, itis Not intended as a complete list of elastomer manufacturers. If any of the rubber terms used in the descriptions are con- fusing, turn to the “Glossary of Seal and Rubber Terms" at the end of Section At for explanation, Service recom- mendations mentioned in this section are necessarily ab- breviated. For more comprehensive information on this important subject see the fluid compatibility tabie, (Table BS.) BUTADIENE RUBBER (BR) Typical Trade Names: Ameripol CB -BF. Goodrich Budene Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. Diene .. Firestone Synthetic Rubber Latex Co. Trans 4 or Gis 4 «Philips Chemical Co. Polybutadiene is an elastomer with properties very similar to natural rubber. Its physical properties are not quite up to natural rubber. However, in some cases its low tempera~ ture characteristics are better. Butadiene is primarily a tire polymer. BUTYL RUBBER (IIR) Typical Trade Names: Bucar Buty! Columbian Chemicals Co, Exxon Butyl Exxon Chemical Co. USA Polysar Butyl - -Polysar, Ltd. Butyl rubber is an all petroleum product made by co-poly merizing isobutyiene and just enough isoprene to obtain the desired degree of unsaturation necessary for vuleaniza~ tion. Brominated and chlorinated butyl rubber are also available and are propared by select replacement of hydro- gen with bromine or chlorine. Until the introduction of ethylene propylene rubber, buty! was the only elastomer which was satisfactory for Skydrol 500 service over a temperature range of —65 to +225°F (=54 to +107°C) In addition, butyl has excellent resistance to gas permea- tion which makes it particularly useful for vacuum applica- tions, and accounts for its wide use in the manufacture of inner tubes and the inside layer of tubeless tires, Butyl is recommended for Phosphate ester type hydraulic fluids (Skydrol, Fyrquel, Pydraul) Ketones (MEK, Acetone) Silicone fluids and greases. Buty! is not rocommended for: Petroleum oils, Di-ester base lubricants, CHLORINATED POLYETHYLENE (CM) Trade Name: CPEs. = Dow Chemical Co Chlorinated polyethylene is mado from a high density poy. ethylene. Its saturated backbone and its chlorine conten: give it limited resistance to petroleum oils and good resis- tance to oxidation. Unlike neoprene, the chlorination of CPE is random and can be varied. As the chlorine content is increased, resistance to petroleum cils improves but low ‘temperature flexibility becomes poorer. CPE can be blendec with other polymers to improve their flame and impact re- sistance. In fact, it is seldom used alone, the bulk of the product being used for blending purposes. CHLOROSULFONATED POLYETHYLENE (CSM) Trade Name: Hypaton = E. | duPont de Nemours The ethylene monomer with some of the hydrogen replaced by chlorine and sulphur groups is the main constituent of this elastomer. It is useful over a temperature range of —65 to +250°F (—54 to +121°C) but its mechanical properties, compres- sion and permanent set characteristics are less than is de- sited for both dynamic and static sealing applications, Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene has good acid resistance. EPICHLOROHYDRIN RUBBER (CO, ECO) Typical Trade Names: Hercior . Hercules Inc. Hydrin B. F, Goodrich Co, Epichlorohydrin isa recent adcition tothe ol resistant poly. mer class. Compounds of this type are aliphatic polyethers with chlorofunctional side chains. Two basic classes, homo- polymers (CO) and copolymers (ECO) are available, Both have excellent resistance to hydrocarbon oils, fuels, and ‘ozone. High temperature resistance is good, but compres sion set at 300°F is only fair. This property, plus the corro- sive nature of epichlorohydrin, are limiting factors in some applications, Copolymers give very good low temperature properties, pro- viding a temperature range of —65°F to +275°F (—54°C to +135°C) where corrosion in not likely to be encountered ‘and where compression set is not @ problem. The homo- polymers are useful thru a temperature range of approxi- mately —40°F to +275°F (—40°C to +135°C) under the ‘same conditions, ETHYLENE ACRYLIC Trade Name: VAMAC. Ethylene acrylic compounds are considered “medium per- formance elastomers,” having a useful temperature range extending trom approximately ~30 to +350°F, Resistance to weathering, ozone, and air aging is very good, and they have sutticient resistance to petroleum oils and automatic = +E. duPont de NemoursNordel E. |, duPont de Nemours Co. Royalene Uniroyal Vistalon, ceeeseee Exxon Chemical Co, USA Epsyn . Copolymer Rubber & Chemical Corp. Epcar , <++0+4B. F. Goodrich Co, Ethylene propylene rubber is an elastomer prepared from ethylene and propylene monomers (ethylene propylene co- polymer) and at times with a small amount of a third mon- comer (ethylene propylene terpolymers). It was introduced to the rubber industry in 1961 and quickly won broad ac- ceptance in the sealing world because ofits excellent resis- tance to Skydrol and other phosphate ester type hydraulic fluids. Ethylene propylene has a temperature range of —65 to +300°F (—4 to +149°C) for most applications. EP is recommended for: Phosphate ester base hydraulic fluids (Skydrol, Fyrquel, Pydraul). Steam (to 400°F) (204°C). Water Silicone oils and greases. Dilute acids Dilute alkalies. Ketones (MEK, acetone) Alcohols, ‘Automotive brake fluids. EP is not recommended fo Petroleum oils. Di-ester base lubricants FLUOROCARBON RUBBER (FKM) Typical Trade Names: Fluore! eee . 3M Kalrez (high temp) .£:1. duPont de Nemours Company Kel-F 3M (formerly Kellogg) Viton. -.l. duPont de Nemours Company Fluorocarbon elastomers were first introduced in the mid 1950's. Since then they have grown to major importance in the seal industry. Due to its wide spectrum chemical com- patibility and temperature range and its low compression set, fluorocarbon rubber is the most significant single elas- tomer development in recent history, Its working temperature range is considered to be ~15 to +400°F (~29 to +204°C), but it will take temperatures up to 600°F (316°C) for short periods of time, and Du Pont's Kalrez is normally recommended up to 500°F (260°C). On the low temperature end, Parker's compound V835-75 will seal down ta -40°F (~40°C) in a static seal. Though the standard compounds have been known to seal at 65°F (~54°C) in some special static applications, the normal low temperature limit is ~15°F (-26°C), Special formulations having extra chemical resistance are also available, and new types are being developed constantly. Fluorocarbon O-rings should be considered for seal use in aircratt, automobile and other mechanical devices requiring maximum resistance to elevated temperature and to many functional fluids. Di-ester base lubricants (MIL-L-7808, MiL-L-6085). Silicate ester base lubricants (MLO 8200, MLO 8515 08-45.) Silicone fluids and greases. Halogenated hydrocarbons (carbon tetrachloride, trichloro- ethylene), Selected phosphate ester fluids Acids, FKM is not recommended for: Ketones (MEK, acetone). ‘Skydrol fluids. Amines (UDMH), anhydrous ammonia, Low molecular weight esters and ethers. Hot hydrottuaric or chlorosulfonic acids. FLUOROSILICONE (FSi) Typical Trade Name. Silastic LS. - Dow Corning Corp. Fluorosilicone combines the good high- and low-tempera- ture properties of silicone with basic fuel and oil resistance, The primary uses of ‘luorosilicones are in fuel systems at temperatures up to 950°F (177°C), and in application where the dry-heat resistance of silicone is required, but the seal may be exposed to petroleum oils and /or hydro-carbon fuels. In some fuels and oils, however, the high temperature limit is more conservative because temperatures approact: ing 350°F may degrade the fluid, producing acids which attack fluorosilicone elastomers, On the other end of the temperature scale, fluorosilicones typically seal at temperatures as low as —100°F (-73°C) High strength type fluorosilicones are available. Certain of these exhibit much improved resistance to compression set ISOPRENE RUBBER-SYNTHETIC (IR) Typical Trade Names: Natsyn Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. Polyisoprene has the distinction of being a synthetic elas- tomer which has the same chemical composition as natural Tubber. For a guide to its chemical and physical properties, reler to Natural Rubber below, NATURAL RUBBER — NATURAL POLYISOPRENE (NR) Crude naturai rubber is found in the juices of many plants, including the shrub guayule, Russian dandelion, goldenrod and dozens of other shrubs, vines and trees. The principal source is the tree Hevea Brasiliensis which is native to Brazil. Petroleum oils are the greatest enemy of natural rub- ber compounds. The synthetics have all but completely re- placed natural rubber for seal use. NR is recommended for: Automotive brake fluid NR is not recommended for: Petroleum products.NEOPRENE RUBBER (CHLOROPRENE, CR) Trade Name: Neoprene (formerly E. I. duPont de Nemours Company) Butaclor . Distugit Denka . «Denka Chem .Co. Neoprenes are homopolymers of chloroprene (chlorob diene) and were among the earliest of the synthetic rub- bers available to the seal manufacturers, Neoprene can be compounded for service at temperatures —65 to +300°F (—54 to +149°C). Most elastomers are either resistant to deterioration fromexposure to petroleum lubricants or oxygen. Neoprene is unusual in having limited resistance to both. This, combined with broad temperature range and moderate cost accounts for its desirability in many seal applications, Chloroprene is recommended for: Refrigerants (Freons, ammonia) High aniline point petroleum oils Mild acid resistance. Silicate ester lubricants, Chloroprene is not recommended for Phosphate ester fluids. Ketones (MEK, acetone), NITRILE OR BUNA N (NER) ‘Typical Trade Names: Chemigum Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. Paracril ... Uniroyal Hycar ‘Goodrich Chemical Co. Krynac Potysar, Ltd, Ny Syn Copolymer Rubber & Chem. Corp. Nitrile, chemically, is a copolymer of butadiene and acry- jontrile. Acrylonitrile content is varied in commercial prod- Ucts from 18% to 48%. As the nitrile content increases, resistance to petroleum base oils and hydrocarbon fuels increases, but low temperature flexibility decreases, Due to its excellent resistance to petroleum products, and its ability to be compounded for service over a tempera- ture range of —65 to + 275°F (—54 to +195°C), nitile is the most widely used elastomer in the seal industry today. Most military rubber specifications for fue! and oil resist- ant MS and AN O-rings require nitrile base compounds. It should be mentioned, however, that to obtain good resist ance to low temperature with nitrile compounding, it is al: most always necessary to sacrifice some high temperature fuel and oil resistance Nitrile compounds are superior to most elastomers with regard to compression set or cold flow, tear and abrasion resistance. Inherently, they do not possess good resistance to ozone, sunlight or weather but this can be substantially improved through compounding, However, since ozone and weather resistance are not always builtin, seals from nitrile bases should not be stored near electric motors or other equipment which may generate ozone, or in direct sunlight. Nitrile is recommended for: General purpose sealing, Petroleum oils and fluids. Silicone greases and oils. Di-ester base lubricants (MIL-L-7808) Ethylene glycol base fluids (Hydrolubes) Nitrile is not recommended for: Halogenated hydrocarbons (carbon tetrachloride, trichlor- ethylene) Nitro hydrocarbons (nitrobenzene, aniline) Phosphate ester hydraulic fluids (Skydrol, Fyrquel, Pydraul). Ketones (MEK, acetone). Strong acids. Ozone. ‘Automotive brake fluid, POLYPHOSPHAZENE FLUOROELASTOMER (FZ) Trade Name: EYPELF Ethyl Corp. EYPEL- elastomer should effectively solve many difficult sealing problems due to its combination of physical prop- erties, fluid resistance and temperature range. The base polymer was developed for the U.S. Army by Firestone Tire and Rubber Company, and it has much the same temperature range (-85 to +325/350°F) and fluid resistance (especially petroleum products) as fluorosili- cone elastomers but physical properties are definitely better — enough so that polyphosphazene compounds have performed adequately in dynamic and extrusion tests, Major disadvantage is its resistance to water which is only fair to poor. POLYACRYLATE RUBBER (ACM) Typical Trade Names: Cyanacry| American Cyanamid Co. Hycar B. F. Goodrich Chemical Co. This material has outstanding resistance to petroleum fuel and oil, In addition, it possesses complete resistance to oxidation, ozone, and sunlight, combined with an ability to resist flex cracking, Compounds from this base polymer have been developed which are adaptable for continuous service in hot oil over the temperature range 0°to +350°F (=18"to +177°C), Resistance to hot air is slightly superior to nitrile polymers, but strength, compression set and water resistance are inferior to many of the other polymers. ‘There are several polyacrylate types available commer- cially, but all are polymerization products of acrylic acid esters. Greatest usage of polyacrylate is by the automotive indus- try in automatic transmissions and power steering gears using Type A fluid,Nordel +E. |, duPont de Nemours Co. Royalene - Uniroyal Vistalon, : “Exxon Chemical Co. USA Epsyn Copoiymer Rubber & Chemical Corp Epcar . B.F, Goodrich Co. Ethylene propylene rubber is an elastomer prepared from ethylene and propylene monomers (ethylene propylene co- polymer) and at times with a small amount of a third mon- omer (ethylene propylene terpolymers). it was introduced to the rubber industry in 1961 and quickly won broad ac- ceptance in the sealing world because of its excellent resis~ tance to Skydrol and other phosphate ester type hydraulic is. Ethylene propylene has a temperature range of —65 to +300°F (~54 to +149°O) for most applications. EP is recommended for: Phosphate ester base hydraulic fluids (Skydrol, Fyrquel, Pydraul) ‘steam (10 400°F) (204°C). Water. Silicone oils and greases. Dilute acids, Dilute alkalies. Ketones (MEK, acetone). Alcohols. ‘Automotive brake fluids. EP is not recommended for: Petroleum oils Di-ester base lubricants FLUOROCARBON RUBBER (FKM) Typical Trade Names: Fluore! cee eter 3M Kalrez (high temp) El. duPont de Nemours Company Kel-F 3M (formerly Kellogg) Viton E., duPont de Nemours Company Fluorocarbon elastomers were first introduced in the mid 1950's. Since then they have grown to major importance in the seal industry. Due to its wide spectrum chemical com- patibility and temperature range and its low compression set, fluorocarbon rubber is the most significant single elas- tomer development in recent history. Its working temperature range Is considered to be ~15 to +400°F (-29 to +204°C), but it will take temperatures up to 600°F (316°C) for short periods of time, and Du Port's Kalrez is normally recommended up to $00°F (260°C), On the low temperature end, Parker's compound V835-75 will seal down to ~40°F (~40°C) in a static seal. Though the standard compounds have been known to seal at —65°F (~54°C) in some special static applications, the normal low temperature limit is ~15°F (~26°C). Special formulations having extra chemical resistance are also available, and new types are being developed constantly. Fluorocarbon O-rings should be considered for seal use in aircraft, automobile and other mechanical devices requiring maximum resistance to elevated temperature and to many functional fluids. Di-ester base lubricants (MIL-L-7808, MIL-L-6085). Silicate ester base lubricants (MLO 8200, MLO 6515, 08-45) Silicone fluids and greases. Halogenated hydrocarbons (carbon tetrachloride, trichloro~ ethylene), Selected phosphate ester fluids Acids. FKM is not recommended for: Ketones (MEK, acetone) Skydrol fluids. Amines (UDMH), anhydrous ammonia. Low molecular weight esters and ethers. Hot hydrotluoric or chlorosulfonic acids. FLUOROSILICONE (FSi) ‘Typical Trade Name Silastic LS. -Dow Coming Corp. Fluorosilicone combines the good high- and low-tempera- ture properties of silicone with basic fuel and oil resistance, The primary uses of fluorosilicones are in fuel systems at temperatures up to 350°F (177°C), and in applications, where the dry-heat resistance of silicone is required, but the seal may be exposed to petroleum oils and/or hydro-carbon fuels. In some fuels and oils, however, the high temperature imit is more conservative because temperatures approach- ing 360°F may degrade the fluid, producing acids which attack fluorostlicone elastomers. On the other end of the temperature scale, fluorosilicones typically seal at temperatures as low as —100°F (—73°C), High strength type fluorosilicones are available, Certain of these exhibit much improved resistance to compression set. ISOPRENE RUBBER-SYNTHETIC (IR) Typical Trade Names: Natsyn Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. Polyisoprene has the distinction of being a synthetic elas- tomer which has the same chemical composition as natural rubber. For a guide to its chemical and physical properties, refer to Natural Rubber below. NATURAL RUBBER — NATURAL POLYISOPRENE (NA) Crude natural rubber is found in the juices of many plants, including the shrub guayule, Russian dandelion, goldenrod and dozens of other shrubs, vines and trees. The principal source is the tree Hevea Brasiliensis which is native to Brazil, Petroleum oils are the greatest enemy of natural rub- ber compounds. The synthetics have all but completely re- placed natural rubber for seal use. NR is recommended for: Automotive brake fluid, NR is not recommended for: Petroleum products.TABLE A3-10 COMPARISON OF PROPERTIES OF COMMONLY USED ELASTOMERS, PROPERTIES A Li, figs, 3 re se § ' ¢2 € ¢ 2 eg gg Fe FG eee te gg sf Gage bee 3 a asus eg eg be Pb bee bg baa g rons s $3 3 Bis € é eg 2: 8 ‘ eo: § $ § 2 G2 § bs § gE EES Buadiene of 6 6 6 FG PF FP PG GE FEF eu ef 6 © 6 Ff @ 6 e © p @ MG GG Of Chonnatea Greats Ko Ff fo 6 G Gf G foc Ff GF & Chorsutonated ae Ho 6 € GF F6oG G6 FEF GOrF®E.E Erchioroyatn YS 6 Go 6 Ff reo © 6 G6 FC nyire A Ff GF fF Pp ©€ © F EGF GPE Eyene Evlne £0 6 £ oo oP eG PE OE OE Fuorocarbon vo © © * of © © @ © © OF @ OE Fuerst (fe © @ Pp © GE @ 8 oP Fe Teoprene Te Fo Fo PF Fe P ee mF Nawal Robbe ae FG © 6 9 f FPP ee oF Neoprene ce fo ff F fF 6 6 6 fO @ Ff FG GFE NuieorBuiran OWN GF FG G GE Fp 6 G © » GE 66 GG F Prosghoninic Feces Cnn Be Re en nS Povacriae a6 PF oF = © © © f fo FP © Posie Te PG G6 f f 6 P © © © 6 PF FOE Potaanere pe So: ) * 6 6 © F of PE Ser or Bina oo Ff 6 6 6 6 PROF Pp PG ROG RGF Sicone ero of © p € F © 6 pO F GP PFEMost of the preceding portions of this handbook have dealt with selecting the best rubber compound for a given appli- cation, Here will be found background information to help in understanding better the factors involved in the process, and provide some guidance when recommended limits must be exceeded, or when unlisted tluids are encountered Compound selection may be classified in two categories — the pioneering type and the non-pioneering type. If no pio~ neering were ever encountered it would be possible to skip all the other sections of this handbook and select the proper compound for an application from the tables. Since non- pioneering applications will include the greater part of all design work normally encountered, this category will be discussed first. NON-PIONEERING DESIGN The term “‘non-pioneering design” refers to reapplication of proven design, Three such cases come to mind immediately: 1.When using the same fluid, gland design practices, and ‘operating conditions, the same compounds as utilized in past design may be trusted to give successful results. 2. When military service or other customer requires the use Cf some specific compound by citing a formulation, com- ound designation, or specification, the designer must lo- cate the compound that meets such criteria and no option exists as to compound choice. By use of such specifications, the problem becomes “non-pioneering” in that known suc- cesstul solutions are relied on. FOR SUCH DESIGN CON- DITIONS, TABLES 82, 83, and B4 LIST THE MOST USED SPECIFICATIONS AND INDICATE APPLICABLE PARKER COMPOUNDS. 3, There is a third case of “non-pioneering design” inwhich the designer can use past successes of others as a basis for @ design foreign to his own experience. Chapters AS and AG provide gland design data based on “average” op erating conditions, established by wide-spread field con- tact developed from years of experience with O-rings. in similar fashion, many stock compounds have proven to be very satisfactory in certain fluids when used in glands of normal design. Provided operating conditions are within specified limits, gland design presents nothing new, and no problems should arise, THE FLUID COMPATIBILITY TABLE, TABLE B5, PROVIDES SPECIFIC SEAL COM- POUND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SERVICE WITH A VA- RIETY OF FLUIDS. Each foregoing category is based on successful practice under similar service conditions. This is the heart of the non-pioneering approach. PIONEERING DESIGN This implies that there is some- thing new and therefore unknown or at least unproved about the design. There are at least two recognizable levels, in this area which we elect to call "minor pioneering” and ‘major pioneering.” Minor Pioneering applies when only a slight departure from previous practice is involved. If new operating condi- tions apply or some change in gland design is made but neither is radically different from the past design conditions, the previous design data will certainly apply as a starting point. Ifa fluid is new to the user, put is listed in the fluid compatibility table, influence of the fluid retains “minor pio: neering” status. (If the new fluid is foreign to the user's ‘experience and not listed in the table, the problem has sud- denly become "major pioneering.") Each designer makes his own choice of how to test a new design and his decision should be based on how far the application deviates from known successful usage. Major Pioneering applies when there is radical departure from previous practice. The most likely example is the use of a new fluid, foreign to anyone's past experience. If the fluid's chemical nature can be related to another fluid of known effect on a compound, this may reduce the problem to "minor pioneering For example, if the fluid is a silicate ester, it can be sur ‘mised that its effect on the seal will be similar to MLO-8200, MLO-8515, or OS 45 type Ill and IV, since these also have a silicate ester base. In the case of petroleum base fluids. comparison of the aniline point of the fluid with that of standard test fluids gives a fair estimate of the fluid's effect ona seal It is fortunate that major engineering problems constitute only a very small percentage of the total work, for they do not normally offer a direct and immediate answer. However, by using table Bt or BS it should be relatively simple to ‘select one or two compounds for trial. The most likely com- pound should then be put on simulated service test. If per- formance is satisfactory, the answer is at hand—-if not, a more accurate analysis and a better compound selection may be made based on test results. In summary, selecting an applicable compound is a matter of finding @ “reasonable” starting point and proving the adequacy of such a selection by functional testing, RAPID METHODS FOR PREDICTING THE COMPATABILITY OF ELASTOMERS WITH MINERAL BASED OILS In view of the ever increasing number of operating olls and sealing materials, ilis desirable that a means be establisheo to enable interested partes to employ suitable combinations of oil and rubber without the need for carrying out lengthy immersion tests on each combination, ‘A well known rapid method for material selection is based on the aniline point othe cil, which isthe lowest tempera lure at which a given amount of fresh aniline mixes with an equal volume of the particular ot. Oils wit the same aniline points usually have similar effect on rubber. The lower the aniline point, the more severe is the swelling action. The [ASTM reference cils cover a range of aniline points found in lubricating oils. Oil No. 1 has @ high aniline point (225°F/ 124°C) and causes slight swelling or shrinkage, Oil No. 2 has a medium ariline point (200°F/93°C) and causes inter- mediate swelling, while Oil No. 3 has a low aniline point (157°F/70°C) and causes high or extreme swelling of seal compounds. Any other commercial oil with the same or similar aniline point can be expected to have e similar effect on a particular sealing material as the corresponding ASTM oil, However, it has been found thatthe aniline point method is not always reliable. Some commercial cils of the smebecause they contain different so:ts and amounts of additives, A new, rapid, and more accurate methed for predicting the compatibility of commercial rubbers in mineral based oils involves the use of a representative reference compound called standard NBR 1. The action of mineral oils can be evaluated against this standard rubber in terms of the elasto- mer compatibility index or ECI. Previous work has shown that there is an approximate linear relationship between the equilibrium percentage volume changes of NBR 1 ina range of mineral oils and those of any commercial nitrile in the same ails. In other words if equilibrium percentage changes in volume of different commercial nitrile rubbers in different mineral oils are plotted against those of standard elastomer NBR 1. a straight line can be obtained for each nitrile com- ound. This enables interested parties to predict the volume: change of a particular rubber material in any mineral cil it the compatibility index of this oil (:e. the percentage volume change of NBR 1) is known, The straight line graph for a particular compound is called the swelling behavior, or SB of the compound. Figure A3-4 gives an example of such a graph. Further details an elastomer compatibility index and swelling behavior can be provided on request. FIGURE AS “jo SHELLING BEMAVIOR (S8) FOR COMPOUND " a 4 VOLUME CHANGE COMPOUND “X" IN MINERAL OI ELASTOMER COMPATIBILITY INDEX (EC) FOR MINERAL OILS — ‘BASED ON STANDARD ELASTOMER NAR NO. 1 — PERCENT VOLUME CHANGE Example: To find the volume change of Compound "x" in a mineral ot having an ECI of +10 for volume, follow the 10% verlicat ECI line untiit intersects the slanted line, Follow the horizontal line from that point to the vertical axis. Compound X" will have @ volume swell of approximately 2% in that ol OPERATING CONDITIONS The practice! selegtion of @ specific Parker compound number depends on adequate definition of the operating conditions for the seal. In ap- proximate order of application, these are FLUID The first thing to be considered when selecting @ Compound is its resistance to the fluids with which it will sealed, outside air, any lubricant, or an occasional clean- ing or purging agent to be used in the system. For exemple, in pipe lines, it is common practice to pump a variety of fluids in sequence through a line with a pig (floating plug) separating each charge. In a crankcase, raw gasoline, diesel fuel, gaseous products of combustion, acids formed in service, and water from condensation, can be expected to contaminate the engine oil. In both these cases, the seal compound must be resistant to al fluids involved including any lubricant to be used on the seal. Therefore, whenever possible, itis a good practice to use the fluid being sealed as the lubricant, eliminating one variable Thus far only the effects of fluids on seal compounds have been discussed. Consideration must also be given to the effect of the compound on system fluids. For example: (1) There are some ingredients used in compounds which cause chemical deterioration of Freon refrigerants. When ‘choosing a compound for use with Freon, it should not con- tain any of the ingredients which cause this breakdown (2) Compounds containing large amounts of free sulfur for vulcanization should not be used in contact with certain metals or fluids, because the sulfur will promote corrosion ‘of the metal or cause chemical change of the fiuid. (3) Com- Pounds for food and breathing applications should contain only non-toxic ingredients. (4) Seals used in meters or ‘other devices which must be read through glass. liquid, or Plastic, must not discolor these materials and hinder vision ‘Sound judgment, then, dictates that al fluids involved in an application be considered. Once this is done, itis a simple matter to check the tables to find a compound suitable for use with all the media. TEMPERATURE Temperature ranges are often over speci fied. For example, a torch or burner might reach tempera- tures of 759°to 1,000°F. However, the tanks of gas being sealed may be located a good distance from this heat source and the actual ambient temperature at the seal might be {as low a8 250"to 00°F (121° to 149°C). Or, a specification for aircratt landing gear bearing seals might call out 65° to +400°F (~S4'to 208°C), Yet the bearing grease to be sealed becomes so viscous at ~ 65°F (—54°C) it cannot possibly leak out. At the high end, there is a time-tempera- ture relationship in the landing roll-out which allows rapid heat dissipation through the magnesium wheel housing on which the seals are mounted. This, combined with low thermal conductivity of the seal, limits heat input to the seal so that temperature may never exceed 160°F (71°C), As a ‘result, a more realistic temperature range would be - 30° to ++180°F (-34"to 82°C). This can be handled by a good, industrial ype nitnie compound as N674-70. Parker has ap- plied a realistic temperature range with a margin of safety when setting the general operating temperature range for ‘seal compounds. The maximum temperature recomenda- tion for a compound is based on long term functional ser- vice. If itis subjected to this temperature continuously, it should perform reliably for 1000 hours. Time at fess than maximum temperature will extend life. Similarly, higher temperature will reduce itFIGURE A3-5 TEMPERATURE CAPABILITIES OF PRINCIPAL ELASTOMERS EMPLOYED IN SEALS COMPOUND TEMPERATURE LINE — — wor 38 ue rs WMO Wh Willi ZA NORMAL RECOMMENDED TEMPERATURE RANGE WHIM, EXTENDED TEMPERATURE RANGE FOR SHORT TERM ONLY TABLE A3-11 TYPES OF ELASTOMERS USED IN AIRPLANE AND AUTOMOBILE APPLICATIONS POW SER or SBR/NATURAL RUBOER Blond “Q"10 4 00°F Crone and Wasiner Restart orto 340-0) NiTaILE or PoLvacRviATe Prtoleum Oi Reston Instrument Flug, Silane Fluids Thermal Desicing Het Ai) ial Wie erie fete are Un BBE ~St- fo 148°C) UTM. Sr FLUOROSILICONE 10" to +500" (a Tore NITRILE er POLYACRYLATE es Innes Totes rake Fig Font UP) Acens Doors om mo" fo“ 280°F (toto 4. 121°C) 1.100 Pormeabiiy Resisient ETHYLENE PROPYLENE or 2BR =Se 19 He) NARI Ties Landing Gear Bate Systems (Phosphate Ester NATURAL RUBBER/SBR or SBR/BR Blends ese Abrasion Reber. my (stew 21496) EraTLENE PaOorieNeThe high temperature limits assigned to compounds in this handbook are conservative estimates of the maximum tem= perature for 1000 hours of continuous service in the media the compounds are most often called on to seal. Since the top limit for any compound varies with the medium, the high temperature limit for many compounds is shown as a range rather than a single figure. This range may be reduced or extended in unusual fluids. Since some fluids decompose at a temperature lower than the maximum temperature limit of the elastomer, the tem- perature limits of both the seal and the fluid must be con- sidered in determining limits for a system. Low temperature service ratings in the past have been ‘based on values obtained by ASTM test methods D736 and 0746. The present ASTM 02000/SAE 200 specification stil calls for the ASTM D746 low temperature test (ASTM 0736 's obsolete). For O-rings and other compression seals, how- ever, the TR-10 value per ASTM 01414 provides a better means of approximating the low temperature capability of an elastomer compression seal, the low temperature seal- ing limit being generally about 15°F below the TR-10 value. This is the formula that has been used, with a few excep- tions, to establish the recommended low temperature limits for Parker Seal Group compounds in tables A3-19, 85, and 810. This is the lowest temperature normally recommended for static seals, In dynamic use, or static applications with puls- ing pressure, sealing may not be accomplished below the TR10 temperature, or 15°F higher than the low limit recom- mendation in the Handbook. ‘These recommendations are based on Parker tests. Some manufacturers use a less conservative method to arrive at low temperature recommendations, but similar compounds with the same TR10 temperature would be expected to have the same actual low temperature limit regardless of catalog recommendations. A few degrees may sometimes be gained by increasing the squeeze on the O-ring section, while insulficient squeeze may cause O-ring leakage before the recommended low temperature limit is reached. ‘The low temperature limit on an O-ring seal may be com- promised if the seal is previously exposed to extra high temperature ora fluid that causes it to take a set, or to a fluid that causes the seal compound to shrink. Conversely, the limit may be towered significantly if the fluid swells the ‘compound. With decreasing temperature, elastomers shrink approxi- mately ten times as much as surrounding metal parts. Ina rod type assembly, whether static or dynamic, this effect causes the sealing element to hug the rod more firmly as the temperature goes down. Therefore, an O-ring may seal below the recommended low temperature limit when used as a rod lype seal 1209 5 GENERAL TEVPERATORE 3 tiwits oF sasie 5 col ELAsibMER COMPOUNDS : 200 5 yo 700 00 2 00 [oe - +00 FoR etrsraes Shea mR NEPRORT “ EEN +00 ia TE OTe 300 8 COW Tenetaartae ep ATURE Tree, vod 7 ° or os 15 3016 306 305 Tooo EXPOSURE TIME™HOURS GURE AS. SeA. LIFE AT TeuPeRATunE his chart is intended only as a rough guide. It cannot be used for precise predictions of seal life. Results will vary with sompound and fluid medium,When excessive side loads are encountered on maximum tolerance rods or glands, and the pressure is in the low range, leakage may occur at temperatures 10 or 15°F (5 or 8°C) above the TR-10 value. it may be necessary, therefore, to add as much as +40°F (+22°C) to the low temperature shown in the tables for this type of service. TIME The three obvious “dimensions” in sealing are fluid, temperature, and pressure, The fourth dimension, equally important, but easily overlooked, is time. Heretofore temperature limits, both high and low, have been published at conventional short term test tempera tures. These have litte bearing on actual long term service of the seal in either static or aynamic applications, A com- parison of the temperature limits of individual compounds in this handbook with previous literature will reveal that for comparable materials the upper temperature limit is more conservatively expressed. The narrower temperature range does not imply that the compounds discussed are inferior to others. Rather, that high temperature values based on continuous seal reliability for 1,000 hours are being recom- mended. As illustrated by graph (Fig. A3-6), short term or intermittent service at higher temperatures can be handled by these materials. For example, an industrial nitrile (buna N) compound, N674-70, is recommended to only 250°F, yet itis known to seal satisfactorily for five minutes at 1000°F (538°C) and at 300°F (149°C) for 300 hours. Therefore, when the appli- cation requires a temperature higher than that recom- mended in the compound and fluid tables, check the temperature curve to determine if the total accumulated time at high temperature is within the maximum allowable limit. The sealing ability of a compound deteriorates with total accumulated time at temperature. The curves show the sate, cumulative time at a given temperature for specific elastomers used as static seals. For dynamic seal applica~ tions, temperatures as much as 25°F (14°C) below those indicated may be more realistic. MECHANICAL REQUIREMENTS An important considera- tion in selecting the proper seal material should be the Nature of its mechanical operation, ie. reciprocating, oscil- lating, rotating, or static. How the seal functions will influ- ence the limitations on each of the parameters (fluids, temperature, pressure, and time) previously discussed Static applications require little additional compound con- sideration. The prime requisite of a static seal compound is good compression set resistance. Dynamic applications, due to movement, are more involved, All properties must approach the optimum in a dynamic seal compound, resilience to assure that the seal will re- main in contact with the sealing surface, low temperature flexibility, to compensate for thermal contraction of the seal exitusion resistance to compensate for wider gaps which are encountered in dynamic glands, and abrasion resist- ance, to hold to @ minimum the wearing away or eroding of the seal due to rubbing COMPOUND PREFERENCE [If a choice of more than one compound exists after following all specified steps the de- ciding factor will probably be cost or availabilty. Use table ‘A3-12 as a guide, or contact your Parker representative for this information. ‘TABLE A3-12 ORDER OF POLYMER PREFERENCE, ‘ORDER OF ‘onpeR OF paznEnce COMPOUND pferenewce __ COMPOUND 1 iitalo WY 7 58 (6) 2 (©) 8 Poiyacryate (A) 3 Fluorocarbon(V) 9 Fluorosilicone (L) 4 Neoprene (C) 10 Butyl ®) 5 Silicone (S) 1 Epichlorohydtin (¥ 6 Polyurethane (P) 12 Polysulfide (1) SELECTING A COMPOUND Having discussed the major aspects of seal design that affect compound selection, here is a summary of the necessary steps to follow, always keeping in mind that standard compounds should be used wherever possible for availability and minimum cost 1. If military fluid or rubber specitications apply, select the ‘compound from table Bt or B2 2. For all other applications, locate all fluids that will come in contact with the seal in the fluid compatibility table, table BS. 3. Select a compound suitable for service in all fluids, con- sidering the mechanical (pressure, dynamic, static) and temperature-time requirements of the application, 4. If @ compound of different durometer from that listed in 1 fluid compatibility tables must be used, find a harder or softer compound in the same base polymer in table A3-13° “NOTE: The Parker Seal compound designations have a definite purpose. In addition to being catalog numbers, they denote the base polymer by prefix letter and the durometer hardness by suffix number. However, there is one excep- tion, compound 47-071, which was shown on military QPL lists before Parker Seal initiated their latest numbering sys- tem. Once approved by the Military, a compound designa- tion cannot be changedO-ring failure Like any device subject to judgement in design, or tohhuman error during installation, O-ring seals are liable to failure, The follwing brie! summary of O-ring faiure patterns is intended to give the designer/engieer a briel overview of the more common types of failure and a listing of recommended corrective actions. While there are a number of diferent types and causes of seal fa Ure, we intend here to cover only the types encountered most fe ‘quently. For a more complete listing of O-ring failure modes. Par. ker suggests the engineer obtain a copy of Publication AIRI7O7, PATTERNS OF O-RING FAILURE, available from: SAE ING, 400 Commonwealth Drive Warrendale, PA. 15096 This document contains extensive material and some excel- lent photographs and will be most helpful for identifying the less common modes of O-ring failure not covered in this handbook, WHY AN O-RING FAILS The failure of an O-ring in service can usually be attributed to a combination of causes. Most often, it wil be found that in the absence of one of the conditions existing at the time of failure, such failure probably would not have occurred. It is important theretore, to maximize seal life and reliability by reducing the probability of seal failure at the onset by the use of good design practices, proper compound selection, pre-production testing and continued education and training of assembly personnel. EXTRUSION AND NIBBLING Extrusion and Nibbling of the O-ring is a primary cause of seal failure in dynamic applications such as Hydraulic Rod and Piston seals. This form of failure may also be found from time to time in static applications subject to high pressure pulsing which causes the clearance gap of the mating flanges to open and close, thereby trapping the O-ring be- tween the mating surfaces FAILURE ANALYSIS In general, EXTRUSION and NIBBLING are caused by one or more of the following conditions: 1, Excessive clearances. 2. High pressure (in excess of system design or high pressure excursions), 3. O-ring material too soft. 4. Degradation of O-ring materia! by system fluid (swell- ing, softening, shrinking, cracking, ete.) 6 lreguiar.clearance gaps caused by eccentricity 6. Increase in clearance gaps due to excessive system pressure, 7. Imoroner machinine of O-ring aland (sharo edaes\ PREVENTION/CORRECTION ‘Suggested solutions to the causes of Extrusion ang Nibbiing lis above are as follows: 1. Dectease clearance by reducing machining tolera 2. Use back-up devices (See chapter A-7 for information Parker Parbak anti-extrusion devices. Check O-ring material compatibility with system fluid 4 Increase rigicity of metal components, 5, Replace with a harder O-ring, 6 Break sharp edges of glandto aminimum radius of 0002 7 Insure instalation of proper size O-rings Use alternative seal shape For example, in some long stro piston or rod applications, the Parker T-Seal, with its builtin bac up rings may prevent extrusion and spiral failure. IDENTIFICATION OF EXTRUSION FAILURE Shown in Figure A9-1 is a typical example of O-ting exit sion. The edges of the ring on the low pressure or dow stream side of the gland exhibit @ "chewed" or “chippec appearance. In an O-ring which has failed due to nibbling, may have the appearance of many small pieces remove from the low pressure side, In some forms of extrusion, mor than 50% of the O-ring may be destroyed before cata: trophic leakage is observed. EXTRUSION AND NIBBLINGProbably the most common cause of O-ring failure is com- pression set. An effective O-ring seal requires a continuous ‘seal line" between the sealed surfaces, The establishment of this “seal line” is a function of gland design and seal cross-section which determines the correct amount of squeeze (compression) on the O-ring to maintain seal in- tegrity without excessive deformation of the seal element (see chapter A3 for an in-depth discussion of compression set and chapter AS for information on correct gland design. There are a number of factors which can contribute to com pression set failure of an O-ring seal. These are listed below. FAILURE ANALYSIS In general, COMPRESSION SET is caused by one or more of the following conditions: 1. Selection of O-ring material with inherently poor com- pression set properties. 2. Improper gland design. 3, Excessive temperature developed causing the O-ring to harden and lose its elastic properties. (high temperatures may be caused by system fluids, external environmental factors or fictional heat build-up) 4. Volume swell of the O-ring due to system tua. 5 Excessive squeeze due to overtightening of adustabie glands, 6 Incomplete curing (vulcanization) of O-ring material during production. 7. Introduction of uid incompatible with O-ing material PREVENTION/ CORRECTION Suggested solutions to the causes of Compression Set are as follows: 1. Use "LOW-SET" O-ring material whenever possible 2. Select O-ring material compatible with intended service conditions, 3, Reduce system operating temperature. 4. Check frictional heat build-up at seal interface and reduce if excessive 5. Inspect incoming O-ring shipments for correct physi- cal properties. (Requesting the Parker C.B.|. number will be of great assistance in this area. See Chapter AQ for a com plete discussion of this exclusive Parker service.) IDENTIFICATION OF COMPRESSION SET FAILURE Shown in Figure A9-2 is a typical example of classic O-ring compression sat. In simplistic terms, the O-ring ceases to be "0" shaped and is permanently deformed into a flat sided oval, the flat sides of which were the original seal interface and under compression before failure. PERMANENT SET >ee Figune 492 SPIRAL FAILURE Spiral failure of an O-ring is often found on long stroke hydraulic piston seals and to a lesser degree on rod seals, This type of O-ring failure is caused when the seal becomes hung-up" at one point on its diameter (against the cylinder wall) and both slides and rolls at the same time. The resul tant twisting of the O-ring as the sealed device is cycled finally causes the seal to develop a series of deep spiral cuts (usually at a 45° angle) on the surface of the seal. (For more compiete discussion on spiral failure, see chapter AS). FAILURE ANALYSIS AS slated above, spiral failure is generally caused by an O-ring both sliding and rolling at the same time, Conditions which may cause this to occur are as follows: 1. Eccentric components. 2. Wide clearance combined with side loads. 3. Uneven surface finishes. 4, Inadequate or improper lubrication. 5. O-ring too sott 6. Stroke speed (usually too slow), Improper installation (O-ring pinched or rolled). PREVENTION/ CORRECTION ‘Suggested solutions to the causes of Spiral Failure are as follows: 1. Improve surface finish of sealed assembly at dynamic interface (Cylinder Bore, Piston Rod) 2, Check for Out-of-Round components (Cylinder Bores, especially) 33 Provide proper lubrication, Consider the use internal lubed Outings. 4 Replace with a harder O-ring 5. Consider use of alternate seal shapes. For example, the Parker T-seat is specitically designed to prevent spiral failure and its use will allow for increased tolerances be- cause of built-in anti-extrusion back-up rings. Parker T.Seals are available to fit a number of standard ASSE8A O-ring grooves and may directly interchange with O-rings inmost cases.nin Figure A9-3 is @ classic example of Spiral Failure You will see the typical cuts which gave this type of O-ting failure its name. SPIRAL FAILURE FIGURE 193 EXPLOSIVE DECOMPRESSION With the advent of the space age we are seeing this type of O-ring failure with increasing frequency. It might be termed O-ring embolism in that after a period of service under high pressure gas, when the pressure is reduced too rapidly, the gas trapped within the internal structure of the O-ring ex- pands rapidly, causing small ruptures or embolisms on the O-ring surface. FAILURE ANALYSIS Explosive Decompression, or Gas Expansion Rupture is caused by high pressure gas trapped within the internal siructure of the elastomeric seal element. Rapid decrease in system pressure causes the trapped gas to expand to match the external pressure and this expansion causes blisters and ruptures on the seal surface, If the volume of trapped gas is small, the blisters may recede as the pressure is equalized with litle effect on seal intearity. Excessive trapped gas may cause total destruction of the seal. (Refer to chapter A2 for more information on this problem.) PREVENTION/CORRECTION Suggested solutions to Explosive Decompression are as follows 1, Increase decompression time to allow trapped gas to work out of seal material 2. Choose a seal material with good resistance to explo- sive decompression 2 If nrahlem nersiste and pressures are very high FAILURE The seal subjected to Explosive Decompression will often exhibit small pits or blisters on its surlace. In severe cases, examination of the internal structure of the O-ring will reveal cother splits and fissures. Shown in Figure A9-4 is a typical example of this type of failure. + EXPLOSIVE DECOMPRESSION FIGURE AOA ABRASION Another rather common type of O-ring failure is Abrasion, This usually is found only in dynamic seals subject either to reciprocating, oscillating or rotary motion. Possible causes of O-ring Abrasion are listed below. FAILURE ANALYSIS In general, Abrasion of O-ring seals is caused by one or more of the following: | 1. Improper finish of the surface in dynamic contact with | the O-ring. This surface finish may be too rough, acting as @ abrasive, or too smooth, causing inadequate lubrication due j to inability of surface to hold lubricant. 2. Improper lubrication provided by system fluid. | 3. Excessive temperatures. 4. Contamination of system fluid by abrasive particles. | PREVENTION AND CORRECTION | ‘Suggested solutions to problems caused by Abrasion are as follows: 1. Use proper surface finish (see chapter Ax). 2. Provide adequate lubrication by use of proper system fluid. 3. Consider use of internally lubricated O-rings to reduce friction and wear. 4, Check for contamination of fluid and eliminate source, stall filters if necessary. 5. Consider change to O-ring material with improvedfield services for customers Parker Seal has a wide network of people who are trained 10 analyze your requirements and assist in suggesting intelligent solutions to specific problems during all stages. . design. prototype. ..testing. . .qualiication. .. specification writing purchasing. .. all can be supplied by a trained Parker Territory Manager or Distributor Parker Territory Managers serving customers in the field are twained to recognize undesirable or uneconomical proposed ap- plications as well as those which are logical and cost efficient ‘You can count on your Parker Terrtory Manager and your Parker Distributor o give you good counsel. They can help you in many ways — preparation of preliminary sketches, submission of work ing samples for test and evaluation, and even during qualiica tion of a component or entire iter. Parker Seal also has the capability to analyze seals and their behavior in proposed applications through Finite Element Analysis (FEA), FEA is a powerful tool which allows the designer and the engineer to design complex parts and then verify with FEA mathematical models whether the design will perform Under actual conditions. If the proposed design shows short comings under this modeling analysis, changes can easily be made in the design until acceptable performance is predicted by the model. All this can be done in a matter of days without investment in tooling, prototype parts, or physical testing. Parker engineers are available to help you with your sealing questions and all are fully qualified to recommend solutions to your seal: 19 problems, At Parker Seal, customer satisfaction is our goal. (Our internal and field personnel are ready to help you with all your sealing needs, and your local Parker Seal Distributor is 2 sealing expert who can assure you fast service and the kind of seals you need. ..when you need themTABLE BS FLUID COMPATIBILITY TABLE The information in this table was derived from many sources, including our own laboratory tests, information from sup- pliers of base polymers, and comparison with materials of similar composition. The compatibility ratings are therefore intended only as general guides. Users must test under their own operating conditions to determine the suitability of any compound in a particular application "2" or'"3" rating often indicates that the fluid will swell the elastomer without chemically degrading it. When such swell- ing occurs, forces are developed that would increase friction too much for @ dynamic seal, but the elastomer may be suit able for a static seal. In fact, the swelling should improve the effectiveness of the seal, and may also improve low temper- ature capability. Before specifying such a combination, how- ever, it is important to consider whether the surrounding structures will be able to contain the pressure developed due to fluid swell and thermal expansion, For a gland initially {illed 75%, the combination of swell and thermal expansion at 150°F has developed up to 6000 psi pressure, and where the gland was completely filled at assembly, a pressure of 11,000 psi has been seen, Water soluble salts listed in the tables are assumed to be in aqueous solution In determining the temperature range for a system refer to the paragraph on Temperature, page A3-34,TABLE B5 FLUID COMPATIBILITY TABLE POUMERKEY BASIS PARKER © TEVRERAURE | Sane D NCE Code Poymer covPouNos € +o %- [Potvecine ‘A107-70 30-390 | wri? ‘ese emperaure anges 2 leew e012 10 8 2280 preen wavy ote! € | eoprenechorpren) et Bt Ldgon00 | Sie sicars0 | fucker mchine com E | Enyone Prope E5a0-00 foi sa7si00 | Sresise0s | paras eames 6 [Sen Geena roiese | Sri rior Bicone hstoreros | Pcrsticone ae idole s3ebac0 | 5to 1971008 | maybecsoen Seefone 8 [stm BUNA 'N674-70 0104250 | Stl 324 Pe Moo.70 Sirs > | ssw sor 2 |Poyretnane pea to sorte) | apiosee £ [Savors Stor ao 2480 Sete | © |Pitcrotbon wert Bie 2ésbe00 | Sele Tateeeo COMPATIBILITY RATING DYNAMIC & STATIC sare 1. Satitectony 7 2 Fat (Usually OK for static wea) | RECOMMENDED ¢ wr: 3. Doubiat (sometimes OK for ‘onne file [it] 2] 23 lsde static wea compounD 33 | he| 23) 53) 55/253 4 Unsatislectory NUMBER Git 28) 22 82) 33 | Fes X.neuiint Data | ty levice fae [eolir lunes ‘Acetaldchyde esos | 3[ 24] 33]44]22| 22] 342 aseianice ene | if 43) oa) 24/32) 23 )393 Ree i, cian soso | 2 [24 )43]44|32/] 93 [342 Fa Hon Press. fos | 3/34/22) 22/22) 25/333 i cose | 2] ti] t2 | ee | te] 32 | 333 Twi Anvvaride cea70 | a |2a|2ajes|22|22|242 Beton toss | 2) 74/22) 42) 72) 25/303 Aecicphenone sos | a [14)aa;aa loa) a2) 234 eet acetone soso | 2/14/22) 24) Fo) oa) oa4 neu nce Bem [tat lie pet | ie) tt ats Reevviere saggy i p71 [22 ee] i epee tex Acetytane Tevrabromide Wom | alti 2e [sali el ee fake Aewontele ee aaa aS | ea | ae] Sa] Soa nee atrslare neo | P) ae | Ta) Ft) sa) aa) tte Aevssie 2200 siege | altel ad | ea |e] aa | 33 Feresate 230007 eisee pra [ae>ea>aa>aayass ‘ero ra iAe seamo | tf at (oa {aa | 2a) fa] th3 i Aero Sra YA Crease Nees | 3] 49/32 )01) 23) 29) 973 ‘ete Sat 17 Croos Mao | Ff 21) 34 )ar) 42) aa )ir3 { ‘Aero Shell 760 vars | 2] a1) 44]24/]a4| aa [ara Aerozene 50 150% Hydrazine $4080 | 3 14 44 xa 14 a4 aaa Soe USM | Air, potow 200° soso fr fra liz2iay}s2}22}re4 [00°F Beso | 2] 11) 12)12 33) eet dtd 00% gore | 3 [21/24/23 (24) 2a ]2ri ; Soe sono | 2) 41) 24) 2252) 09) 524 i 500° See | a] a3 | aa ea tt] fa | aa Rinne Uwe Gear-EF Lae vars | 1p «aeapia peel ea] ara Alkazene vra77s | oa 42 44 alan 44 424 oo 1 loti Acetate | Bes | 2) sa) e2)aeysa] tt laaa | ‘Aluminum Sromige |__nera70 TPat pat] yaa a Lai 3) ‘Aluminum Chioride )_Ne?a70 1 TryprrtT rs] try id T12 — Aluminum Fuorioe [Nees |p taf as tas] tilde faa} Ss AM Nivote Nees fy ft ltt eS laa] aa fae Aluminum Slt mem fy fat ira dea arf ar |ats = ‘Aluminum Sulphate | nero | af atti2fad lial aa ting L iums—NAg=Cr neravo | pa | it axfprryotdt 14a Ambrex 33 (Mobil) 674.70 rfarl2atiz2|aalaal aaa Roos 830 hoon Mere | 1/37) 3al17 | 3a) 22/393 nives_Med Gran | 4) 34) 22) 42) 22) 22) 243 Arma. Gas Cold crs | [ae | te lax as] Te pias Gee Hon Sen | i) 22) 2a) ak laa) caf aay te Annes) Sen | 2lie falas | is | aa | 3a} Kaoniaond Lit Mews nSowtion] esiogo 2] 2a] xa [as [eal ea lana AAmmoniom Garberste | gto | ef Ta | False te) et | tee ‘Shmonum ener 20 neers | fat lariat fa k| ea] ak Ammonium Hydroxide, ‘yetooe soso | fra )12)ae}r2)22}a09 eons cwose | a] 3 13 fee 13] 33 fii Ammonium Nivere, oN nerama ax pT pax] tx} xs] ix | “recommend Parser MeaLV SealsTABLE BS FLUID COMPATIOIITY TABLE POLYMER KEY BASIC PARKER © TEMPERATURE ‘SAING RANGE _ Code Polymer compouNos —_[-——F ® ‘ [Poiserite 1107-70 30-30 zavi Those erento ranges 8 [bur oara70 i012 Biot 20 inrappione mary ot © | Reoprene(Cloroorene) eara.70 “sto vesorc0 | te staoriso | fas ot wncntne com E | Enyione Poppers snore folo zarssco | Sto stasio0s | gourds meammenaea [sen an yo 2208 Sri tor Reneomehacsine ange | Brorsiicone iizo-70 oie 232000 | role ri77205 | maybeaneres SeePague | nerero Soro 2280 Stie het se Nee suman) { Mtosz0 oie 2208 So 110? P| Poiyrathane pees herd foto vee 5 |store S10u-70 9 2450 Se Toe + | Rorccaton verre fst sa00s00 | Bote +a05/200 ‘COMPATIBILITY RATING DYNAMIC & STATIC suaric 1. Satistactory TO 2. Fair (Usually OK for static seat) | RECOMMENDED) gé 3 3 4. Doubttut (Sometimes OK for O-RING Egle a¢ 2) 22/.8. . fe] 2 | aie static seat) compound 33) bel 22/23) 25/858 4. Unsatistctory NUMBER g2|28|82|a3| 23 | ees X.Inutcient a eviec|arleol+n|ucs ‘Ammoniom Nivite nerero {+ [yxfr1|}xxfrrfai {axe ‘Ammonium Perstfate Solution too | af rxtx a] Peta xp yi | xk ‘Ammonium Perutate 10% soso | af ixt ta} aa} ik} iii ure ‘mmontum Phosohate, nea ft faa} ra | xxfaxp ia] rks Nono-baic neao J i fixfrr | xkpaxt as tiea Dae nero foi tax fir} exi ak} arf ike Faas Norao tet ir teeta dt ‘Ammann Sats neravo | +] 3atia]{sxtix| tt yt ea ‘ammonium slat nears fit taliefaxiit] tr]ixe ‘Ammonium Suge neem fifi alaafaxtirl ii] ike ‘amyl cetate tio | tf aaj; aa} ah [say ajar ‘amy alcohol taco | 2] 33] 22 | aa] 32] 22 | 2 ime ‘amyl Seraie neravo ft aay a a] xxteal aapixe ‘amyl Grange Wes [xf atpaal def aa) aa] eae ‘ini! Ehlorotapninatene vans | PP at] aa pax faa] aa] aes ‘amyl Naphthalene Viens falar} aa laa aay aapara aderoh UTPe tester! vars | af ai faa] ea aal aa] a2 326 tester vars | 2] ai] aa] 2a} aa) aa pada 898 (arse vers | 2] ai [aa | eal aa] aa [ads ‘Ang 25 TGiyearat Ever ease} | 1p ez pea Paap aa yee fang 25 (Droste Bose! (76749) vers | ol arlaalaa aaj aa] aa ‘Anfyerous Armonia Gon | zlial ial aa] ial] aa] a a3 ‘Sanyérous Hyaracine Suan | i} aa) bi) sajaa| aa} 2a Aanydrous Hvarooes Forde eeiose | afta] xalax| ia] 44 | xa x ‘nine : eos | afas}eayee}oa|aapaca Balin Oyes ews | 4 | 22/23) e4]22) 32/223 Aniline Hygrochlorde soo | 2/22/43 )22]24/) 331433 fniine Of soso | 4/23) aa) ac} aa} talaga ‘nina Ot (Lara O;) nero | 1 | 2i [24 [iz] ea] a4 | aia ANOS Grade nerero PT] a Pea fy baa] aa pote ANOS nero | if ar foali: faa] aa] ara AN-0.366 neero | ilar] ea tri faa} aa] aia ‘Anval Ether 161 or 181 b a}34]4aafa2]o4a) aa] a4 ANVV-0 60h yar Pid nerao | ier [24 [33 [ea] aalata feaon seen {1 fa3fa1fartra}ii}fiag ibclor, 1248 vars | $ for] ae]adfoaf aalaze Be vas | 2], faa laa sal aa] abd 1360 vars Pasa at paayarp rrp tia ‘rover Fusl-5O% ware | a)at| ae paa| aap aepare frsone Ae Bes |i lis fit iss fail testi fckare vary | of aifaalad|aal aa} iad Aspro vars | 2) a1) 24 ]22] 2a) aa] 234 ASTMOI, Not a Nova nearo | 1 {ai |2e{12|aal] aa] aia Noa nearo | far faa fia leap aa] ais Noa Vers | ol artaa lea taal aa [aad ABTA Reference Foal neravor | i Pat f2ateijaataalore 8 nerare | 1} a1 |4af22]aafaa|ara é was | afar laa ea|aa) aa pags ATL9s7 Vas | 2] ar [aa faa] aap at] aaa iat Dominion F neavo | ilar] 2a]iefaa|aalara ure S03 Mb noes | i] ai foe fia [aa] aa}aas Atonetic Taramiasion uid Neers | ilar |2aliz2}aal eal sca tomate Broke Fd tor | sf taf ai fas fox] xe] 203 ‘Tang based on room temperature agpicatons ony Contacto, B10TABLE B5 FLUID COMPATIBILITY TABLE (Continued) POLIMER KEY BSE PARE @ vewpenarure | ANG RANGE: | Code Polymer _ _ COMPOUNDS = < Q ‘A | Poiserite 181107-70 S10 +350 wort ‘hes temperaue ranges ® eum pere.70 sto +250 S10 5120 wasppiytone mary © | Neoprene (chtoroprene) ears ‘sto zsorm | Sate tzniso | Russi winch ine com E | Etitene Prope e5vo.00 7orw s27siaoo | Srio stasizos | pound We recommences, |sen enero ato 1208 Srie star Satine hagae ange | Ftorosicone Gstz0-70 ote sssor00 | Yateiv720s | maypecere Seerince nore-70 ote +280 aio 21 Bs W]e fauna { sto io 0225, sist | P| potyretnane poea-re ‘O19 +180 wows | 5 [scone Seocre | esto 2480 Stosze | + | Fuorecaroon Werte | sie tStsoo | zene t205e00 | ‘COMPATIBILITY RATING | DYNAMIC & STATIC | Sane 1. Satatactory TTT T — 2 Fair (Usualy OK forsttc eat) | RECOMMENDED! ; el el alg 43. Doubttul (Sometimes OK for | o-nine . | i es S22 |83¢ static teat comPouND Be | 22) 32 | 83 |322 4 Unsatstactony numeen | 3 8] 22133] 83 | Fig X. Insufficient Data T —_ | " ca jarjeolin|uis _ I B i ] Bardo | vars | afar|aalaclaal aad are Barium Chore neao | TP ta La haat la ty aa aad Berlum syaroxe nee | t} rr lartaatraf ard arg Barium Sat sere | ti] atl artastar| iad agd Gorm Suitae nerero | 1 faa] a2]ayti2} ay] att Bayar nerero | 1] ar} aalialaal aa| aya Bayot 98 nerevo |v] atl aa fialaa} aa| aia eer ewe | ri ttf ar} ea tarp rata Beet Suoer Liquors somo | it iilei tea tiil iri iit Benzaidenvde eacay [a] 14«]aa}taa{ial aa} Tae Berson vars | alat laa laa] aa] aa} aga Bonzenestfonic Acid 10% vas | af at) 2a] aa} aa) aa] a3 Boraine See Cigroin Benzoctioride vars] a tat ae]axt2a] ae] atx Benzoie Ac vars | a] ay) aa fad [aa] aa] a2 Benzophenone vars | xf 21) xa] aa] 24a] ax] xix Benzy! Alcona! vars | 2/24) Fa) aa) 22) a2] o2F Benzy! Benzoate vars | afar] aa | aa laa) eal ata Beneyl Chote vars | 3 at laa | aa | a2 | aa] ai’ Black Poin 77 nero [1] a1 faalae]sa]ss]aas Blast Furnace Gas sara | al arfaalaalaa] ae] ard Bleach Lauer esos | a] i1f2s}ael12]}2a]i22 Bor — uss | 2 PTT] az tei i +2] 22] 4ae Bordeaux taxture eepsn | 2/11/23) 44]12| 22] 932 boneacd | Ree | Tie gt par hag) Tapia Boron Flues (HEF) j var | 2} ai] aalaajaal aa] aaa Bite Fd 0019 (ayo! Hoel corm | 3/14] 2i|xalzx! xx| 243 Bray GG-130 V747-75, 2paer?aa 24 a4a[,44 a2 4 Baycagvn (VV.H910) toss) 3|t4)exfaaie2| 22] 332 ag iL-L-ooBBA) vers | 2} ai laa let aa| aa] aa brayen 810, exo | 2/24) 23) 5a/)TT} Fa) 134 Benno exo | 2114/22 (33 [ri]{arfiaa Bon= 1 7 Spex pasa yxxyaxy xx] axe lana mf of as oat xx [aa] Stl aka eromine a ve ee Bromine Pentatuorie Pe Talal aa laa} aa] aa] aaa Gromine Tiluorse sot pat aa ad aa aa] aa tad Gromine Water wars [af aataataapaataa[iza Bromobentens vas | allay faa laa aap aa lara Bromochioro Tiluorcethane vars | 4) Sy faa faa laa) ea | a Gl Bunter Ot nemo | 1) aa] aa] ie faa] eal are Butaciene (Monomer) veers | a | ai laa laa [as] ea ti Soiare nerero 1 | aa] aa ]a1 tea] aap age Butore, 22~Dimethy nemo | 1) ai faalia [ea] aa | 334 23-Dimetry! eam | iar foo} 34 4a) aa) 334 utara! (Buty Alcano nero | if 2a far |aa art ail ite TButene,2-ethyt hero | i | ai faa | is [eal sal aga Gotter—Animal Fat neoors [Jar ;2a]r1]e4)aa,ore NGvnyl crate eos | 4/24 /4a)24)24) 49) 244 Buty! Acety! icinoleate swe | 2/74/24] x2 74) 44/22 % Bury acrylate " ayaa} ba ax lad] aap aay Buty Alcona novo | Tf 2T TT fas atl stp ats * Recommend Parker Meta: V Sal | ® Comat actory FluidsTABLE BS FLUID COMPATIBILITY TABLE (Continued) POLYMER KEY BASIC PARKER © TEMPERATURE | Oring RANGE Code Polymer COMPOUNDS — x oO 8 [Potyacrite Sto +350 Bion? Thesetamperatue anges & leu 7t0 250 S810 +120 viapatyothe map © | Neoprene (Chiowprene) ‘Sto +2800 | “Gio 12ariso | tugs for wnch ne com E | Etiyione Prope oto vzvsuco | Srtotasians | povnasveconmenceo, 6 sen Gaur Jats 208 Sto stor Butinsometudemeronge | Forosticone Site ‘oto sasou0o | Taw sizre0s | mayewamvect Sooree a incase ner ro Sole +230 dite stat ss ® | Potyuetane Pous-70 ‘010 +180 aor 132 S| Siitone Seou-70 eSi0 +460 Sito Saaz | Fhorecarbon vane ‘sie s4oosc0 | Seto 1208/200 COMPATIBILITY RATING DYNAMIC STATIC. | Sane 1. Satistactory | Teel Te T ed 2.Fair (Usually OKtor state seat) |mEcoMMENDED! | gg \g. |) g/g 43. Doubitul (Sometimes OK for O-RING weal) | ¥ g gi se sna comrouno | $/ 38 | $e | 23/53) 25/38 4. Unsatistactory NUMBER. 2/52) 28 | e2 | 33 3 | Fe X. Insufficient Dat + = | nievice lar |aolialucs Guay Amine or Bon Amine [eae SP Pa aaa ayaaa NBuryl Benzoare | €54080 alrir}a2}ax]a alaiy Neuyy Borvrote j esaoeo | 4] ta} aap ax ly aiark Buty! Carbitol fase | 4] 13] 34) ax] t a[244 Buty! Cellosolve £540.20 3,24 34)44 2 4 aax Butyl Calorohve Adioate eee | 4 | 32] a4] 44 [3 2) 422 Bayer. a vais | 2] aa faa paa ta a paz Rau! Ether = a)ae)aalaet 3 a} 434 Bury! Beate wares | 2) 27) 44) x5) 3 a) 22k Bury! Stearate vars | 2] 44 | a4 | ex] a aaa k “Baryralcanvae — eH a] aaa baa te aaa 4 Butyrie Aces vias | 4] 22) 44 | 4x | 2 x14 xx Cc | Calcine Liquors N674.70 1 ra xx) aa re] xx x 1x Gelciom Acetate ewoso | 2] 14; 2a]aal}ral ii [ead Elio aieuite eaoso | 2} 12/32/33) tal}aaliag Gsteium Carbonate a ro Galcium Chore 37 Calcium Gyanioe noa7o | a] axtai1]{xxfraf ra faxed Galclum Hyroxige eee | rf at Pia | sey aap ag} ada Calcium Hypeentorte econ | 2] 11] 22) aa] i2] 22] 122 Galo Nitrate somra | T faa fae yaa pag] aa] ase Gate Prowoha nerve |] aa fea fat }ar| ay |i Gslctum Sats neero J rf rr fartarfary ar |i Galetum Sieate neera | yf ra fia|xxfaalialixs Gate Suttae neao | rf arr fra] attra) aayatt Gatciam Sutie Neraro | {tai | raftar|ra| 22 tart ‘aiciom TrvosaTare essogo | 2] ri }12,ar}r2]22]174 Eiche Uauors ween | faa fia tia tath at fade {Cane Sugar Luors nearo | far far {aalary iy }aad Grose atcenvae eso |x| 2a; xx]aa} 22] 33] x43 Caroemate vary | 3123/24] 44] 24) 4a | atk Gator ton | 2 P72] 22 1ea, sz, a2 [a2 Getbo\e Acid Phenol vagre | a) 37/22 )ag] oa] a2 a: Eitoon saute arts | a] ar feel ae |ea) ea lana Exton Dioxide serarom} a Porar faa faa faa] a 144 Carbon Dulas warms fa pay paalax|ea;ee are Exon Monoxige Nose | Titi faatat |ta]a2 feat Estoon retrachorie Wes | a)a1[aa}aalai{ 2a jada Eeroonte acts sos | 2] ti fra] rs tial st pris See Gi mere | Papas | ir agar diag Eciosaive teaoen | a] 2af aa faa feal ia faa Celosone Acetate euoay|4 | 24] 44 ;aa|oa>aa|aaa Cellosoive, Sut soso | 4|/33)4¢faa| 3a] a3] aaa Getloguard sear | 1} aa} aa] salar) aa pais Geiutube (Now Evaue) ” Gatuiherm 250A, vats |? te1 ae 122 ea pee aa Gerane texadecane) Noare | 1] ai] 2afialaal aa] 23a hina Wood Gi Fang Oi nearo | ti a1 | 2a[xs]aa} aa] oes Eiorosceie hei Bis fal 2s] aay sap aal aa pias Shlorasne wae | 24a [aa tex [aa] oa [bet Thiovexo0 a * Recommend Parker Meta-V-Seal | | "carton ince rg re bse cerca canpbty Fox ecocie decomprsion una E62 90TABLE BS FLUID COMPATIBILITY TABLE (Continued) POLYMERKEY ‘BASIC PARKER © TEMPERATURE orne. | © TRANCE Case Polymer COMPOUNDS ca —=— 0 ‘5 [Potacryne ‘AY107-70 Tio +360 Bie si77 These temperate anges 8 [eum bstz-70 750 2250 Soto +120 wasp tothe mayo | Reoprene cntoroprene) carne ‘to 2260000 | 2910 +4050 | hud or when ne com E _|Etmione Propyene 240-00 ate s278ia00 | ‘Srie s1asiz0s | pound’ commenced & [sen car ote sae Srio +107 Etinsometucrr range | Fhorosticone Stao-10 1dote =380400 | “7ato +19%205 | mayoeanoren Sechgce i wer70 Soto +280 atte tz Re oso {aso esto 2225, ato 2107 P| Polyurethane Poaaro ‘10 180 ote +82 5 | siicone Seoaro | “3g sas Stig sae ¥ | Fiioroearoon warts Ste caoaisco | Zet0 + 208i260 ‘COMPATIBILITY RATING DYNAMIC & STATIC SoA 1. Satistactory . > T T 2. Fair (Usually OK for static seat) —_ | RECOMMENDED| fel: a : i g 3. Doubtlul (Sometimes OK for ‘O-RING elthl e 5 '|22|)s3¢ a nateeen comouno | £/ 35 / Fe] 22/58) b5 258 Unsatistecton | womece | 3/52/28 | 22 | 33/83 | F25 | wlevjeelar leolin furs Thiarinated Solvents, Ory | wars | slas]aa|ealaalealara Wet VIATIS 4) 4) 44 44)44] 44 )arg Chlorine, Dry vars | 4] x2) 24 )ae fea] aa lok’ Chlorine Wer power Palko aa lax] ea] aa [304 Chlorine Dioxide wars | 4[ 31] a4|ae|s4/ aa |37x Ehiorine Dionise, Chas aaa a[ay|eefeelealaalarn NaC102 in solution ° 2 Corineeifoorae Pere ee eed nee eee een ee Chioreacetone soo | Ff FS) 2s) se] ss) aaa 8s ‘Chiorabensene, — viar7s aPaipaa,aa]aalaapaaa {Mone} Vass | far) aa faa faa pea | 43a CChiorobromo Methane vas | 4] 2a} aa lat] ea) ee] aaa Ghlorobotadiers vars | 2) 44) 23] 4e aa] aa | 42 8 ‘Chiorododecane 747.75 afaila4afla4fleal]aalara Enioretorm war | 2 )arlaajas|aa] aa lage Ghlerenaphthalene vars | aay) aa ee faa] aa | ad’ Vchlore tNivo Ethane we fafa} aa fae faa] aa | aaa CChorosuiphonie Aid ~ sf aleslee|eelacfaalaca Enioratoluene warns | slat laa lar per) aa |iad Eniorox wes | 3} oi) 3a [ee ;ee} aa joie Gchiorphenat Var | 2,2; | ea ;aa|ia) ea ji22 Chrome Alum no7498 ripet faa pas Tytks (Chrome Plating Solutions vars | «asf aalaalaa|aelare Circo Lit Process i soraro fs farf2etrifaalaatorae Eine aaa, sa7-70 ayaa Thig}?ia pat Eity Senice Koolmotor AP Geoe nearo | 1 far] 2a] ti }aapaalara Oil 1a07eF habe ce7370 City Service Pacemaker #2 Somme | | ar foatrz2laalaalara Exty Senne #65, 9120, #250 nerero | i | at | 24 fi aa} 2a | as Cobalt Crore A 2 nero |} } aa faa faalaa}arfard Cocoanut Oi neeo | ilar faafra]oa)aalorg Ged Liver Os neo | 1} dr] 2a faa |ral aa} aya Cottee neoo7o | i fii fit fas [itl it tiis Cone Gren Gos vars | 4] 4t}aae tae {eal ae faze? Coliche Liquors ca73-70 «| «2 2x 12 xx 21 rd xxx Convex 16 ree LRP aa REL Sal aa | ae Goole! 20. 25R. 357, 40 e854 (onsen) vars | 1 |arf2afarfaafaa fora Conper Aciate a Copper Chloride nee7o | a faa faa fsa Pat] tt faa Cepoer Gyanise Nearo fy faa | da faa faa f ad fet Copper Slt weero J i faa lsd radar ar fara obper Sullaie Neen | i fra fra ]ear feat az ]iia 10% nara | 1) ia) 13)22)22) 33 fara oO% neravo | i tia |i 2 isa |2o) 24 lig Som on nerazo | 1 ]3x]a4]11]a4|]a«|2a7 Eotronseed 0: wees | 1 13a (3a ]ir [sal aa|eat Cress wesso | 2] Sa) 24 (ax 22) aa 1a sa Ersosote, Coal Tar near | tad taal ts pas | aa yah SRecomiend Parker Metal-V Sel | onic Fectory FluidsTABLE BS FLUID COMPATIBILITY TABLE (Continued) POLYMER KEY | BASIC PARKER © TEMPERATURE ‘O-RING = ANGE Code Polymer coMPOUNDS =—— ® ‘8 [Potscryae ‘Avs07-70, Sio +280 Bio +177 Tate teroeaue anges 8 [eum bora.70 “sie +250, S010 2120 snappiyiotne mat ot | Neoprene (chioroprene) era.70 ‘sie +2000 | ato =t2n1s0 | tna or wie ne com £ | EtytenePropyene es10.00 Tove +2800 | ‘Srt0stasi208 | pound’ vecommesdea & sen cae oie 2205, sro sar Eiinsometndamerange U | Fhioroattcone ferrets 1009 +350400 | “rate 177005 | mayoecineent SoePare lowe nore7o Soo + 280 ate 121 me P| Polyurethane Poaa.7a ‘10 +80 a0'0 222 S| Scone Ssoa70 10 6450 Stig tame ¥ | Fuorearoon var ‘sie 40000 | eto s208/260 (COMPATIBILITY RATING. | [ DYNAMIC & STATIC sare | 1. Satiatactory | : 2. Fat (Usually OKor stale seat)_—_| RECOMMENDED. el, |g. Blog dour seins or oma fig) de) bl dled aie sa) | compouno si] $e) 22/33) 25/258 4, Unsatistactony NuMBER ze, 23|22|83) 23 | Fe5 Xion Data : == vica|ae leojin [urs Traore, Wood Neva 70 TTsaiaa tes Teateie Greniie Ae | Yoss.20 P)aa aa pad) aa pax Ere on | vraag laa idx aap aa lade Smee vraras faa at iai| ia [aes Caring Or [Nera 70 r[z@,i1|aa[aalere Eyetonexane Nevaro rfaeiaifaalealare Syetonerar | Nereo rf2eieefes) ea fers Eyetonesanone fe1020 aPrrrrerrarrarrs PG ymene Vang aa jaa laa) aa laa D | Decain vars falar faatxxfaalealera Secane nore | Tas [3a] 2) 44) 24] ate etco Bake Fluis eee | 3] te [ati xk] ax| xx fad Denatured Alcona! nero | Tf ra ta PEE LT EL ET | Paw Berergent, Wate Solution Pt el eee ‘Baveloing Fluide fPotal neraro] + }21];i2}xx ;22 >it [iit Bexron nero | afar fea] te laa] ea jae Biacetone tos | 2] ta laa laa pte} ea | sae Dicetore Alcona! soso | 2] ia |24)a2[142/ 24) 34 4 Baasinan vars | 3 [452/54] xx las] ea | 324 Dibenzyt Er 7 a[2a[aapea}oapaayaxx Oibeney Sebacate wa | 4) 22)aafa2|2ef ea] adea Dibromoetny! Benzene wow | alas | aa] sa faa] ea pied Bibuivemine vee [alsa laa ie fea] aa [as bur her SPSS Tea TS a ae aa faae Bibvry!Brovlate esoso | 2 [23/39 )33)33/) 09 )933 Bibuty! Sobacate sos | 4) 22/34/92 )249) 29) 922 OBichiovobenssne Mes | 2) ay (aa )aa,aa) aa) a3 a P-Sicnorooansare= vor [a [ail aa fad ia} es [ad Dienore Butane vars | 2] ayaa las pea?aa page Dishlora-eopropy! Exner we aaa laa saa [aap aa yada Bicyconenyiomne we fa) ea laa] aa laa) aa laa Dewi or Neovo Jt} ad | Sa frs|eafaa sia restr Lubricant MIL-L-7808 Mars | alti} sa loa aa] ea [ied Drester Synthetic Lariants warts | 2] ai |;ea[aa;aa,ea lara Deetwiomre ease | 3124/22/25 /23) 32/323 Diethyl Etner ee aaa aa fas aa] aa fa 8k Distny! Senscate var | 2)22;ae)ae fog} aa [ada Disthylene Give ewe | t lit {it |ee | til it [iid Oiveroaibromomemnane eae] «]2x]ee]se [ea] ee [axe Disobucviene Vow | 2} at] aa faa | aa] ag [332 isobutyl Ketone escoso | x fix | xx |xxjix| xx fexx Dizoocty! Sebocote var | afa2[aalaalar| ea [233 Bisopropy! Ketone was fa fia las fea | ta; aa jaa Dimetny Formers (OME) eos) | 2/14 [34 [44 [2k] x4 [442 Dimethy| Prehaate war |4l22faelexlaal aa lar x Dintwo Yoivene ee fe [eal aa asp aay aa lake Dicer Patele vers | 4) aa)ea [ee] 22) 42) 933 Dies! Seveeate | eens fa p22) ea }sa | es} as [333 Dioxane ~esaogo | 4 [24 44) 44) 24 44 aaa Diowolane sos | a[aa/aalaa] sa} aa liad Birentone seasco | 2) 29/24 )22 |) aa) a2] 334 “Recommend Parker Weta. V Seo | (Conc aetery ng ead on rom tempera AopHCATONS oyTABLE BS FLUID COMPATIBILITY TABLE (Continues) POLYMER KEY BASIC PARKER © TeVPERATURE GANG RANGE Code Polymer _ COMPOUNDS = QO ‘| poyacriate 3107-70 510 +383 won These enpertearges 8 {eum aora-70 781 9230 Seto +20 Whapsrotemeoiee © | Neoprene (Chorprene) carer | Ssto 25000 | Sam rizonso | tasty oneeete E | Etytene Propyone Ey roto 227400 | “Srio-aic0s | paund’s vecommerdca 6 [Sem Gasere Toto 208 Sto sion Saimsomatdee rons | Preticone Saar “2010 3504600 | Yate sisri00s | mayooonoes Sect i aeasca narere bio 350 Seto iat Rs ete UNA) {Wore gsiesees + | Seto stor P| poyrethane boea-70 ‘101186 ‘ols -a2 5 |Sivone Seoe70 510 +80 Selo 200 | ¥ | Fuorcarbon Worm | “te ooe0 | Selo 22tio80 1 | DYNAMIC & STATIC SSATP 1 Satstactony r T Pe ee ee EFarwuemty ontrawte va |necommenoeo, | $6), | $2) 4) f] y 3. Doubt (Sometines OK for one | 2 ee rilsie each jcowmouo 2/38) Ee ERlsa Ee GEE womecn | 3152 | 28) 28 (33/83 | 223 X.nnticent Data yee et as wlevice iar leo in inis “Diphenvt T VAT 75 Say a aaa yaa aaa Borer! Oxides ) vars [op ar aa yaa aa] ia [aes Bow Crenen S04 sass | xf Ta) Stl ae fat] xt [ei Bow Ereria! €t378 oe | etexf aa; So] 32) S21 a k Ban Enema! 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