16 [ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS — Aline of constant entropy between two state points 2 and 3 defines the properties at all points during an isentropic process between the two states. Example 8.1. Calculate the dryness fraction (quality) of steam which has 1.5 ky of water in suspension with 50 kg of steam, Solution, Mass of dry steam, m, = 50 kg Mass of water in suspension, m,, = 1.5 kg ‘Mass of dry steam ‘Massof dry steam + mass of waler in suspension m, 50 my 4 my 50* 15 © Example 8.2. A vessel having a volume of 0.6 m* contains 3.0 kg of liquid water and water vapour mixture in equilibrium at a pressure of 0.6 MPa. Calculate (@ Mass and volume of liquid ; Gi) Mass and volume of vapour. Solution. Volume of the vessel, V = 0.6 m* Mass of liquid water and water vapour, m = 3.0 kg Pressure, p = 0.5 MPa = 5 bar ¥ = $8 02 mime ‘At 5 bar : From steam tables, Dryness fraction, x = 0971. (Ans.) Thus, specifie volume, » = 0.00109 = 0.3789 mike, =, — (1-2) Ug, where x = quality of the vapour. 1-2) x 0.9798 375-02) _ 9.469 Ug = Ug = Y= 03% We knovr that, Mig Viig, = Mig Up = 1404 x 0.00109 = 0.0015 m¥. (Ans.) Gi) Mass and volume of vapour, myyy, = ? Vy, Myyp, = max = 3.0 x 0.592 = 1.596 kg. (Ans) Voan. = Mh ¥g = 1596 x 0.875 = 0.5985 m’. (Ans.) <© Example 8.8. A vessel having a capacity of 0.05 m® contains a mixture of saturated water and saturated steam at a temperature of 245°C. The mass of the liquid present is 10 bg. Find the following (@ The pressure, Gd The mass, iii The specific volume, (iv) The specific enthalpy, (©) The specific entropy, and (vi) The specific internal energy. Solution. From steam tables, coesponding to 245°C Pray = 38.5 bar, v, = 0.001239 mfg, v, = 0.0546 mig 0614 KIM, Mg = 1740.2 Meg, 5, = 2.7474 Bala K 3.8685 KTkg K. 4, Y Sa Dharm \Mithormtst pes