NEWTON'S LAW FORCE & FRICTION LAWS OF MOTION ‘We consider what might cause one object to remain at rest and another object to accelerate ? The two main factors we need to consider are the foreesiaeting on an object and the massf the object. We three basic laws of motion, which deal with forces and masses and were formulated more than three centuries ago by Isaac Newton, Once we understand these laws, we can answersuch questions as “What mechanism changes motion ?And “Why do some objects accelerate more than other ?” Force Everyone has a basic understanding of the concept of force. In a vague language merely deform it. The effect force on the state of motion of body was first understood by Isaac Newton (16421727) Newtonian Mehanics ‘The study of impact of force on the motion of a body as Newton presented it, is called Newtonian i mechanics. Newtonian mechanics does not apply to all situations. Ifthe speed of the interacting bodies is very large, an appreciable fraction of the speed of light, we must replace Newtonian mechanics with Einstein’s special theory of relativity. Ifthe interacting bodies are on the scale of atomic structure for example, they might be clectrons in an atom, We must replace newtonian mechanics with quantum "" mechanics, Newtonian mechanics isa special case of these two theories, it applies to the motion of objects ranging in size from very small to astronomical. Newton's First Law P = ‘When net force acting on a body is zero, then we can always find a frame in which acceleration of the body is zero, Sucha frame is called inertial reference franie. A frame moving with constant velocity w.rt. inertial reference frame is also an inertial reference frame. Thus inan inertial reference frame, ifno net force acts on a body, it's velocity connot change. Letus take an example, A block is kept on the floor, such that net force acting on itis zero, anditis at rest : hn —— (block is at restonltg OOF) a Frame A moving with constant velocity 10 m/s In the frame A : Observer A observes the block, to be moving with same velocity in opposite direction. The velocity of block remains 10 m/s towards left. Thus the block has zero acceleration wast.A, Therefore Aisaninertial reference frame. x ff’ 10.mis Rest