Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin
University of Orléans
October 2013
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 1 / 27
Instructor Christophe Hurlin
Contact christophe.hurlin@univ-orleans.fr
Teaching assistant Sara Cavalli
Personal website
https://hec.unil.ch/docs/index.php/churlin/cours/512/session_1461
Personal website
http://www.univ-orleans.fr/deg/masters/ESA/CH/churlin_E.htm
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 2 / 27
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 3 / 27
Introduction
1 A sample of data
2 An econometric model
3 An estimation method
4 Some inference methods
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 4 / 27
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 5 / 27
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 6 / 27
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 7 / 27
Introduction
De…nition (Population)
A population can be de…ned as including all people or items with the
characteristic one wishes to understand.
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 8 / 27
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 9 / 27
Introduction
e
xA = 80 e
xB = 50 e
xC = 40 e
xD = 90
fx1 , x2 g = f50, 80g or fx1 , x2 g = f90, 40g or fx1 , x2 g = f90, 90g etc.
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 10 / 27
Introduction
Fact
Whatever the assumption made on the characteristic X (deterministic or
stochastic) the result of the probability sampling is a random sample, i.e.
a collection of random variables X1 , X2 , .., XN .
Fact
Given the sampling probability method used, we can assume that these
random variables are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.).
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 11 / 27
Introduction
Fact
In general, in economics and …nance, only one realisation of the sample
is available: this is your data set!
fx1 , x2 , .., xN g
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 12 / 27
Introduction
The challenge of econometrics and mathematical statistic is to draw
conclusions about a population (or the true DGP) after observing only one
realisation fx1 , ..xN g of a random sample (your data set..).
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 13 / 27
Introduction
In econometrics, data come from one of the two sources: experiments and
non experimental observations
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 14 / 27
Introduction
1 Cross-sectional data
2 Time series data
3 Panel data
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 15 / 27
Introduction
Cross-sectional data:
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 16 / 27
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 17 / 27
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 18 / 27
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 19 / 27
Introduction
We can distinguish:
1 Parametric model: the relationship (joint probability distribution)
between the dependent variable /vector Y and the explicative
variables X is fully characterised by a set of parameters θ
Y = f (X ; θ ) + ε
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 20 / 27
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 21 / 27
Introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 22 / 27
Introduction
References
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 23 / 27
Introduction
Course outline
Chapter 1: Estimation theory
Chapter 2: Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE)
Chapter 3: The multiple linear regression model: the Ordinary Least
Squares (OLS) estimator
Chapter 4: Inference and statistical hypothesis testing
Chapter 5: The Generalized Least Squares (GLS) estimator
Chapter 6: Endogeneity, error-in-variables and the Instrumental Variables
(IV) estimator
Chapter 7: The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM)
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 24 / 27
End of the general introduction
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 25 / 27
Course rules
Your grade will be determined based on the following criteria:
Final Exam (F) (compulsory)
Mid-term (MT) (optional)
Retake exam (RE) (compulsory if necessary).
Two cases:
1 Without retake exam, the …nal grade is given by:
GRADE = 1 RE
In other words, if you need to redo the exam, then the grade will be simply
based on the make-up exam grade - the mid-term exam no longer counts.
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 26 / 27
Course rules
1 The …nal exam and the retake exams cover the entire course
(including the exercises). The mid-term exam covers the parts
indicated by the instructor.
2 All exams (mid-term, …nal, and retake exams) are closed book.
3 All type of calculator is authorized for all the exam.
4 The duration of the …nal exam and the retake exam is 180 minutes.
The midterm is 120 minutes.
5 Careful and clear justi…cation of your answers will be rewarded. The
solution approach has to be clear to the grader. In particular,
(numerical) results without analytical derivations receive no grade.
Christophe Hurlin (University of Orléans) Advanced Econometrics - HEC Lausanne October 2013 27 / 27