Rodas, Jessie R.

BSIT 21-A

Questions

1. If you are to add a new 10MB process in the memory, where could it possibly be added and why? (5
points)

The 1MB process will likely be switched between a 5MB and an 8MB memory block by the computer, in
my opinion. After that, since no other memory block can accommodate the 10MB process, the process
there will perform the Next-Fit placement method. After placing the 10MB in that free memory block,
the computer will move the 1MB process to the other free memory block, most likely in the 1MB space
that is still accessible.

2. What could be the size of the free block just before it was partitioned by X? Rationalize your answer.
(5 points)

Since we have 1MB and 5MB of free RAM and the partitioned X on the figure is similar to 2MB, the
answer is most likely 8MB. If we remove the process from that location, the remaining space would be
equal to 8MB.

3. Would you suggest the provisioning of virtual memory in this configuration? Why or why not? (5
points)

Yes, virtual memory can temporarily transfer data from the memory to the disk storage, treating it like
another main memory despite the fact that it is the secondary memory because the main memory holds
programs and data that are currently running, if there is not enough space the computer can treat the
secondary memory to hold the process temporarily. The only drawback is that it is much slower.

4. Is it possible to add a new 7MB process using the first-fit placement algorithm without swapping out
any process? Why or why not? (5 points)

Yes, the 7MB process may fit in an 8MB memory block.

5. A new process is requesting a 3MB allocation. Illustrate the possible memory configuration using a
horizontal segmented memory strip (like the diagram above), where a partition will be created for the
new process under the following placement algorithms: best-fit and first-fit. Label your illustration
clearly. (2 items x 5 points) First Fit: Best-Fit: Part II (40 points) Instructions:

First Fit:
 Best Fit:

1. Explain the operation and management of the following virtual memory. Search for relevant studies
and literatures that would support your answer. Properly cite your references. (10 points x 2 items)

• Linux Virtual Memory

• Windows Virtual Memory

- Linux has a variety of operating systems with different features and functionalities. You can use
Linux Distros on various hardware manufactured by IBM, Intel, HP, SPARC, etc. Whether you are
a developer or a video editor, Linux has so much to offer everyone. In Linux, you can do out-of-
the-box tasks or even create something new with your skills. Hence, it is best to learn Linux, but
starting on the right track as a beginner is essential.
- The Virtual Memory Manager has two main duties: to create and manage address maps for
processes and to control physical memory allocation. NT 4.0 implements a 32-bit (4-GB) address
space; however, applications can directly access only the first 2 GB. The 2-GB to 4-GB portion of
the address space is for the kernel-mode portions of NT, and it doesn't change. The Virtual
Memory Manager implements demand-paged virtual memory, which means it manages
memory in individual segments, or pages. In x86 systems, a page is 4,096 bytes. The Virtual
Memory Manager has advanced capabilities that implement file memory mapping, memory
sharing, and copy-on-write page protection. NT uses file memory mapping to load executable
images and DLLs efficiently. Copy-on-write is an optimization related to memory sharing in
which several programs share common data that each program can modify individually. When
one program writes to a copy-on-write page that it shares with another program, the program
that makes the modification gets its own version of the copy-on-write page to scribble on. The
other program then becomes the original page's sole owner. NT uses copy-on-write optimization
when several applications share the writeable portions of system DLLs.

Reference:

GeeksforGeeks. (2022, May 4). 10 Best Linux/UNIX Books for

Beginners. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/10-best-linux-unix-books-for-beginners/

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/virtual-memory-manager
2. Then, answer the following items based on your research. (4 items x 5 points)

a. Between the operation and management of Linux and Windows virtual memory, which do you
think is less complex and why?

Since I haven't really experimented with Linux OS and because Windows allows me to easily
examine the amount of memory being used and available in resource monitors or the task manager,
I believe Windows to be less complex.

b. Were you able to find similarities between Linux and Windows virtual memory?

 If your answer is yes, explain each similarity.

 If your answer is no, explain the possible reason why there is no similarity.

Yes, they do have certain similarities in the way they page a process into the main memory since
they both use the secondary memory as a place to hold processes that can't yet be moved into the
main memory and because their virtual memories are both slower than the main ones.

c. What are the possible drawbacks of not implementing virtual memory?

I believe several negative things will occur, including the requirement to restart each application
whenever a space becomes available in the main memory and the inability to multitask as a result of
having to store processes that can't fit in the main memory yet.

d. If you are to design a memory management system, would you incorporate virtual memory into
your design? Why or why not?

Yes, since I can multitask in the background using virtual memory, and because we need a
mechanism where we can give a process an address if there isn't room in the main memory for it
and then call it automatically if there is. making it self-sufficient.