UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT

SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION

Multiple Choice Questions
Semester VI
Elective Course Course

Urban Economics (ECO6 B18)

1. The phenomenon ‘Urban revolution’ was mainly led by:

a) Agriculture revolution
b) Industrial revolution
c) Famine and war
d) None of these
2. Which of the city is the best planned city in India?
a) Chandigarh
b) Salem
c) Coimbatore
d) New Delhi

3. When adjoining towns grow and merge together. It is known as:

a) Metropolis
b) Agglomeration
c) Conurbation
d) None of them
4. What phenomena led the growth of urbanization in developed countries?
a) Agriculture Revolution
b) Industrial Revolution
c) Technological Development
d) None of these
5. The countries which are facing the beginning of industrialization are called:
a) Developed Countries
b) Developing Countries
c) Less Developed Countries
d) None of these
 6. The countries which are independent and prosperous are known as:
a) Developed Countries
b) Developing Countries
c) Less Developed Countries
d) None of these
7. Developing Countries generate revenue mainly from:
a) Agriculture Sector
b) Industrial Sector
c) Service Sector
d) None of these
8. Urbanism is mainly the study of:
a) Process of urban growth
b) Growth of the urban population
c) The character of city life
d) None of these
9. Full form of HDI:
a) Human Direct Index
b) Housing Direct Investment
c) Human Development Index
d) Hindustan Development Income
10. World population day falls on:
a) May 21
b) July 11
c. August 11
d. September 12

11. Urbanisation denotes:

a). Increase in urban population
b). increase in the number of towns
c). Increase in proportion of urban population
d).All of the above

12. Municipal Corporations, Municipal Councils and Nagar Panchayats are three types of_ local
Governments
a) Rural
b) Urban
 c). Both rural and urban
d) None of these.
13. Which of the following Article is related to Panchayati Raj?
a) Article 243
b) Article 324.
c).Article 124.
d) Article 73.

14.Which of the following is not a push factor:

a) Water shortage
b) Unemployment
c) Medical/Educational facilities
d) Epidemics.

15. The term crude birth rate is close in meaning to which of the following term?
a). Mortality
b). Fertility
c). Migration
d). None
16. Migrates who move out of a place are called .
a).Emmigrants
b). Migrants
c). Foreigner
d). None

17. Migrates who move into a new place are called,

a). Emigrants
b). NRI
c). Immigrants
d) None
18. Development means
a) Improvement in quality
b) Always positive
c) Value added
d) All of the above
19. Which one from the following is known as push factor?
a).Education
b) Drought
c) Higher wages
d) Regular work
20. What are the causes of migration?
a).Push factors
b) Pull factors
c).Both
d).None
21. What are the main reason behind female migration in India?
a).Marriage
b).Education
c).Health
d). Job

22. According to census 2011, which of the following percentage depict the level of urbanization
in India ?
a). 31.16 %
b). 28 %
c).33.16 %
d). 26 %

23. Which of the following urban agglomeration is the largest agglomeration?

a). Greater Mumbai
 b). Delhi
c). Chennai
d). Bengaluru
24. Which of the following cities can be called megalopolis?

a) Chennai
b) Kochi
c) Ahmedabad
d) Mumbai

25. Which of the following is not a reason behind the growth of cities?
a) Trade & Commerce
b) Hygienic outlook of people
c) Industrialism
d) Development of transport

26. ______________________ refers to refurbishing or replacement of old buildings & new use
of previously developed land in urban areas.
a)Urban planning
b)Urban recycling
c)Urbanism
d)None of the above

27. __________________________ is inverse of Urbanization.

a) Reverse migration
b) Under-urbanization
(c) Over-urbanization
d) Sub-urbanization
28. Mega cities are the cities having population more than ___________.

a) 10 millions
b) 20 millions
c) 5 millions
d) 15 millions
29. JNNURM was launched in the year: _________________.
a). 2015
b). 2005
 c). 2000
d). 1995
30. The Sub-Mission for Basic Services to the Urban Poor is administered by the __________.
a). Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation
b). Ministry of Urban Development
c). HUDCO
d). Ministry of Human Resource
31. JNNURM is a _____________ sponsored scheme.
a). Central
b). State
c). Central and State
d). Foreign Investment

32. The three components of the HDI, i.e. per capita GDP, literacy and _____________ are
themselves closely related to one another.
a). life expectancy
b). child marriage
c). infant mortality
d). survival instinct
33. Technology Parks and Electronic city are ___________
a). Cultural centre
b). Political centre
c). IT hubs
d). Markets
34. The spatial feature of urbanization in India has been:

a) localized in nature

b) balanced
 c) both a & b

d) none of the above

35. Which is not a feature of urban life?

a) Loss of humanistic value
b) Impersonal relationship
c) Informal ties
d) Competition

36. Industrialization weakens the:

a) Role of religion in social life

b) Father’s authority in the family

c) Caste system

d) All of the above

37. According to 2011 census of India the total Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribe population
is:

a) 16.6% and 8.6% respectively

b) 18.5% and 7.6% respectively

c) 19.5% and 9.6% respectively

d) 21% and 8% respectively

38. What was the percentage of the population below the poverty line in India in 2011-12?
a) 26.1%
b) 19.3%
c) 22%
d) 32%

39. Which of the following is the poverty determination measure?

a) Head Count Ratio
b) Sen Index
c) Poverty Gap Index
d) All of these
40. For how many days NREGA provides employment?
a) 70

b) 80

c) 90

d) 100

41. What is not a one of the major cause of income inequality in India?
a) Unequal distribution of land

b) Lack of fertile land

c) Gap between rich and poor

d) Increase in population.

42. What is the amalgamation and rapid unification between countries identified as?
a) Globalisation
b) Liberalisation
c) Socialisation
d) Privatisation
43. Which of these organisations emphasises on the liberalisation of foreign investment and
foreign trade?
a) International Monetary Fund
b) World Health Organisation
c) World Trade Organisation
d) International Labour Organisation
44. Tax on imports is considered as an example of
a) Collateral
b) Trade barriers
c) Foreign trade
d) Terms of trade
45. Which of these institutes supports investments and foreign trade in India?
a) International Monetary Fund (IMF)
b) World Trade Organisation (WTO)
 c) World Bank
d) International Labour Organisation (ILO)
46. When did the government remove the barriers for investment in India?
a) 1990
b) 1991
c) 1992
d) 1993
47. How many countries of the world are currently members of the WTO?
a). 134
b). 165
c). 164
d). 155

48.Globalisation, by connecting countries, shall result in ……….?

a). lesser competition among producers.
b). greater competition among producers.
c). no change in competition among producers.
d). None of the above

49. What is a multinational corporation-MNC?

a). A corporation that does international trade
b). Manufactures goods for other countries
c). A company that owns or controls production in more than one nation
d). None of the above

50. ………..is one such organisation whose aim is to liberalise international trade?
a). WTO
b). UNC
c). IMF
d). ITO
51. Which is the cause of rapid growth of population in India?
a). Peaceful conditions
b). Excess birth over death
c). Progress in medical facilities
d). All of the above.
52. Poverty is a
a). Social problem
 b). Economic problem
c). Political problem
d). Religious problem
53.What is the full form of IRDP?
a). Integrated Rural Development Programme
b). Intelligent Rural Development Programme
c). Induced Rural Development Programme
d). None of the above.

54. Which is not a type of Unemployment?

a). Seasonal unemployment
b). Agricultural unemployment
c). Cyclical unemployment
d). Political Unemployment
55. Poverty and ____ are twin problem found in India.
a). Unemployment
b). Child Labour
c) Crime
d). Casteism
56. Which is the effect of over-population?
a). Population and poverty
b). Low per capita income
c). Shortage of food.
d). All of the above
57. What are the schemes introduced by the Government of India to remove unemployment?
a). IRDP
b). NREP
c). JRY
d). All of the above
58. What is the effective measures of Poverty Alleviation?
a). Distribution of income
 b). Containing inflation
c). Encouraging private investment
d). All of the above

59. The National Policy on Older Persons was enacted in which year
a). 1998
b). 1999
c). 2000
d). 2001
60. Street vending is an example of ___
a). Informal sector job
b). Formal sector job
c). Unemployment
d). Agricultural jobs
61. The full form of ILO is
a). International Labour Organisation
b). International Labourer’s Organisation
c). Indian Labour Organisation
d). Indian Labourers organisation
62. The reason for migration is __________
a). Lack of job opportunities in the rural area
b). Agricultural opportunities in the urban areas
c). Availability of transport
d). Childbearing
63. Migrant workers in the informal sector are paid __________
a). Minimum wage
b). Less than minimum wage
c). Highly
 d). Not at all

64. Globalisation has adversely affected ___________

a).The service sector
b). The IT sector
c). The media industry
d). Informal sector
65. Who proposed the concept of ‘decent work’?
a). United Nations
b). Government of India
c). United States Department of Labour
d). International Labour Organization (ILO)
66. A typical Self Help Group usually has_____
a). 100-200 member
b). 50-100 members
c). less than 10 members
d). 15-20 members
67. Which of the following is not an informal source of credit?
a). Money-lender
b). Relatives and Friends
c). Commercial Banks
d). Traders
68. Which Finance Minister has introduced the policy of Structural Adjustment Programme in
India?
a). Rajiv Gandhi
b). Dr. Raghuram Rajan
c). Dr. Manmohan Singh
d). Lalit Modi
69. Informal employment is generally a larger source of employment for ______
a). women
b). men
c). transgenders
d). children
70. Sampoorna Gramin Rojgar Yojana refers to _______
a). Employment security in rural areas
b). Home security in rural areas
c). Health security in rural areas
d). Education security in rural areas
71. Which of the following is an objective of Self-Help Groups?
a). inculcate the habit of saving and banking among the rural women
b). Child labour promotion
c). Exploitation of women at workplace
d). Encourage rural households to invest in stock market
72. The economy is classified into public and private sectors on the basis of:
a) Employment conditions
b) The nature of economic activity
c) Ownership of enterprises
d) Number of workers employed in the enterprise
73. The service sector includes activities such as
a) Agriculture, dairy, fishing and forestry
b) Making sugar, gur and bricks
c) Transport, communication and banking
d) None of these
74. Which one of the following is a modern form of currency?
a) Paper notes
b) Gold
 c) Silver
d) Copper
75. Which of the following is the main informal source of credit for rural households in India?
a) Friends
b) Relatives
c) Landlords
d) Moneylenders
76. Underemployment occurs —
a) When people are not willing to work.
b) When people are working slowly.
c) When people are working less than what they are capable of doing.
d) When people are not paid for their jobs.

77. Which is not the main source of credit from the following for rural households in India?
a) Traders
b) Relatives and friends
c) Commercial Banks
d) Moneylanders
78. Which one of the following is the main source of credit for the rich households?
a) Informal
b) Formal
c) Both formal and informal
d) Neither Formal nor informal
79. Currency is issued in India by :
a) commercial banks
b) regional rural banks
c) nationalised banks
d) Reserve Bank of India
80. The motive of the public sector enterprises is
a) Profit making
b) Entertainment
c) Social welfare and security
d) None of the above
81. Which one of the following is a formal source of credit?
a) Traders
b) Cooperative societies
c) Moneylenders
d) Friends and relatives
82.Which of the following is not a valid reason for the poverty alleviation programme in India?

a) Lack of proper implementation

b) Lack of right targeting

c) Corruption at the highest level

d) Overlapping of schemes

83. Which of the following is an indicator of poverty in India?

a) Income level

b) Illiteracy level

c) Employment level

d) All of these

84. What is the main cause of poverty in India?

a) High income inequalities

b) Less job opportunities

c) High growth in population

d) All of these

85. Which organization carries out survey for determining the poverty line?

a) NSSO

b) CSO

c) Planning Commission

d) None of the above

86. Who do not come under the category of urban poor?

 a) The casual workers

b) The unemployed

c) The shopkeepe

d) Rickshawpullers

87. Which among the following is the method to estimate the poverty line?

a) Investment method

b) Income method

c) Capital method

d) Human method

88. Which state has focused more on human resource development?

a) Gujarat

b) Madhya Pradesh

c) Maharashtra

d) Kerala

89. NFWP is stand for:

a) National Federation for Work and Progress

b) National Forest for Wildlife Protection

c) National Food and Wheat Processing

d) National Food for Work Programme

90. Which scheme was started in 1993 to create self-employment opportunities for educated
unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns?

a) Prime Minister Rojgar Yojana

 b) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act

c) Rural Employment Generation Programme

d) Swarnajayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana

91. Which of the following is not one of the features of urban community-

a). Face to face relationships

b). complex life

c). Materialistic

d). Glamour in life

92. Which among the following is not a cause of growth of cities –

a). Trade & commerce

b). Industrialism

c). Development of transport

d). Hygienic outlook of people

93. Who developed the concept of urbanism as a way of life?

a). Louis wirth

b). Fisher

c) Louis coser

d) none of these

94. Which of the following cities can be called megalopolis?

a). Kochi

b). Chennai

c). Mumbai
 d). Ahmadabad

95. Which is the biggest populated city in India as per the 2011 census?

a). Kolkata

b). Delhi

c). Kochi

d). Mumbai

96. Unlike village community, urban society lacks in

a). secondary social control

b). Social tolerance

c). self suffiency

d). All of the above

97. _________ refers the refurbishing or replacement of old buildings & new use of previously
developed land in urban areas.

a). urban planning

b). Urban recycling

c). Urbanism

d). None of these

98. Who developed concentric- zone theory of city?

a). Louis wirth

b). E. Burgess

c). M.N Srinivas

d). M.S.A Rao

99. Name the theory developed by D.Harris and Edward in analysing city.
 a). Ecological theory

b). Zone theory

c). Sector theory

d). Multiple nuclei

100. Who introduced the term white collar crime?

a). Giddens

b). E burgess

c). Sutherland

d). Durkheim

ANSWER KEY

1 b 21 a 41 b 61 a 81 b
2 a 22 a 42 a 62 a 82 c
3 b 23 a 43 c 63 b 83 d
4 b 24 d 44 b 64 d 84 d
5 b 25 b 45 b 65 d 85 a
6 a 26 b 46 b 66 d 86 c
7 c 27 d 47 c 67 c 87 b
8 c 28 a 48 b 68 c 88 d
9 c 29 b 49 c 69 a 89 d
10 b 30 a 50 a 70 a 90 a
11 a 31 c 51 d 71 a 91 a
12 b 32 a 52 a 72 c 92 d
13 a 33 c 53 a 73 c 93 a
14 c 34 a 54 d 74 a 94 c
15 b 35 c 55 a 75 d 95 d
16 a 36 d 56 d 76 c 96 c
17 c 37 a 57 d 77 a 97 b
18 d 38 c 58 d 78 b 98 b
19 b 39 d 59 b 79 d 99 d
20 c 40 d 60 a 80 c 100 c

Prepared by:
Ajeshbabu K.P,
Assistant Professor,
School of Distance Education,
University of Calicut.