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“Information”) are either the exclusive property of Viking Air Limited or are subject to
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Email: technical.publications
@vikingair.com
To: Distribution
Please Note: The title of PSM 1-6-11 has changed for Revision 9.
2. Remove and destroy Revision 8 of PSM 1-6-11 and replace with the attached
Revision 9.
On a revised page the portion of the text and illustration affected by the latest technical revision is indicated by a
black vertical line. Pages with a black vertical line against the date at the bottom of the page are the result of text
shift from page to page or nontechnical corrections.
The asterisk (*) indicates pages revised, added or deleted by current revision.
EFFECTIVE PAGES
Page 1
Apr 30/18
PSM 1–6–11
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS MANUAL
EFFECTIVE PAGES
Page 2
Apr 30/18
PSM 1-6-11
AIRFRAME
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS
DHC – 6
TWIN OTTER
Approved: _________________________________________
Curtis Mah
Technical Team Lead (TTL), Engineering
Transport Canada, Pacific Coastal Region
Date: _____________________________________________
Approval Page 1
Apr 30/18
PSM 1-6-11
Approval Page 2
Apr 30/18
P S M1 -6 -rl
LOG OF REVISIONS
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visedportionof a glvgnpag€isindicatedby a lineinthe margin.Canadian
Dgpaltmentct Transportapprovelol eachrevisionis recordedbelow.
Logol Revisions
Pagel
May31/36
PSM 1–6–11
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS MANUAL
LOG OF REVISIONS
PAGE 2
Apr 30/18
PSM 1–6–11
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. General 1
2. Wing Structure Identification 1
3. Airworthiness Limitations Section 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE 1
Apr 30/18
PSM 1–6–11
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE 2
Apr 30/18
PSM 1–6–11 TRANSPORT CANADA APPROVED
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS MANUAL
1. GENERAL
The DHC-6 airframe has a validated life. Certain airframe components should be inspected, modified and/or
replaced by new components at a certain stage to avoid any possibility of fatigue failure before achieving the
validated life. Obvious examples are the wing strut in the case of the DHC-6 or the bottom spar in the case of a
cantilever wing with a single main spar. SFAR 23.28 – Fatigue Evaluation of Wing and Associated Structure
requires that a fatigue evaluation be carried out on those parts of the wing, wing carry through, and attaching
structure whose failure would be catastrophic.
The results of this evaluation for the DHC-6 are contained in this manual. The service life limits are based on
measured load spectrum data from DHC-6 commuter type operations with different stage lengths and from
NASA spectrum measurements for air taxi operations with other types of aircraft. Fatigue strength values are
from a number of full-scale fatigue tests of the wing, wing strut attachments, and flap control system push-rods.
For reasons explained in the next paragraph, a recent re-evaluation of the entire DHC-6 airframe has been
undertaken utilizing the existing data and extending the analysis to other components, including the fuselage
and empennage, and using a refined spectrum together with current analytical methods. As a result of this
fatigue re-evaluation undertaken approximately 20 years after the previous SFAR 23 analysis, some existing
component retirement and/or inspection times have changed, and some new ones have been added.
Transport Canada and other airworthiness authorities have decided that certain aging aircraft (generally medium
to large aircraft in revenue passenger service) should not be allowed to operate indefinitely without a structural
validation to cover the entire airframe for the proposed lifetime. The DHC-6 was identified as one of those aircraft.
Since several major elements of the DHC-6 structure were designed on a safe-life rather than on a fail-safe or
damage-tolerance basis that is, it has been decided to extend the validation of the entire structure on the same
basis: with a limited amount of damage-tolerance analysis applied to some items that require special structural
inspections to achieve the validated life. At the expiration of the validated life, the aircraft structure must be
removed from service.
The validated life of the DHC-6 structure is established as 66,000 hours, or 132,000 flight cycles, whichever
occurs first, for all DHC-6 models and all DHC-6 configurations, unless superseded by a modification approved
by Transport Canada or other delegated regulatory authority.
NOTE 1: The history of items with Airworthiness Limitations must be known and documented prior to transfer
of components between aircraft.
NOTE 2: The dash number for Wing Assemblies and Wing Strut Assemblies are the only way to determine the
life limit. Higher dash numbers can be used to replace lower dash numbers but it cannot be applied
in the other way.
To identify correctly the wing structure installed on the aircraft when determining the service life limits the
following should be noted.
Part number C6W1001 identifies the wing assembly complete with nacelle structure and wing tip. This part
number, with a dash number identifying its modification status, is to be found on a metal data plate located on
the trailing edge shroud skin just outboard of the root ribs.
Part number C6W1002 identifies the main wing structure assembly i.e., the wing box. On early aircraft, this part
number, with a dash number identifying its modification status, is rubber stamped on the wing tip rib. On later
aircraft this information is to be found on a metal identification plate on the root rib inboard face.
PAGE 1
Apr 30/18
PSM 1–6–11 TRANSPORT CANADA APPROVED
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS MANUAL
As the positive part number identification for C6W1002 may have been obliterated during the life of the aircraft,
the following relationship between C6W1002 and C6W1001 dash numbers may be used to establish positive
identification.
A/C Series Wing Assemblies C6W1001 Dash No, Wing Box C6W1002 Dash No.
100/200 –1, –3, –5, –7, –9, –11 incorporates –1, –3, –5, –7
400 –33, –35 and subsequent incorporates –67, –69 and subsequent
The entire airframe must be removed from service at (or before) the end of the validated life at 66,000 Flight
Hours, or 132,000 Flight Cycles, whichever occurs first.
Airworthiness Limitation Items (ALI’s) that occur below the validated life are presented in the following table and
organized by ATA Code and then by aircraft series.
The exception is the wing box which is replaced, by a modification, before achieving the airframe validated life.
PAGE 2
Apr 30/18
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS
27 – Flight Controls
57,400 Flight Remove Aileron
Aircraft Flight Control
Hours or 114,800 Rod Assembly
Series Rods Assemblies
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
Landplane
Elevator and Rudder
PSM 1–6–11
All operating in areas
27-003 Primary Flight 12 Months – – – Replace
Series of salt laden/marine
Control Cables
environment
32 – Landing Gear
All Configurations Remove
24,000
with New Main
Landings or 120 Overhaul in
All Main Landing Landing Gear Leg Safe Life Limit
7,000 Remove
All Configurations
Landings or Overhaul in
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
All Main Landing with Previous Safe Life Limit
32-002 – – 60 Months accordance with
Series Gear Leg Overhaul or Not Applicable
whichever TB V6/00063
PSM 1–6–11
Previous Repair
occurs first Rev. NC or later
53 – Fuselage
Incorporate the steel
Fuselage Frame
Pre Mod 6/1063 Immediate, bush Mod 6/1063
Series Assembly,
53-001 and – Before Next – – as per SB 6/25
1/100/200 Sta 218.8, Part No.
Pre Mod 6/1173 Flight and Mod Bulletin
C6FSM1472–1, –3, –5
No. 6/1063
Remove frame
assemblies from
25,000 Flight service and replace
Fuselage Frame with a new frame
Post Mod 6/1063 Hours or 50,000
Series Assembly, Sta. 218.8, assembly C6MK1553–1
53-002 and – Flight Cycles – –
1/100/200 Part No. C6FSM1472 and/or –3
Pre Mod 6/1173 whichever
–1, –3, –5, –7, –9, –11
occurs first Incorporating
53 – Fuselage (Cont’d)
Remove this frame
assembly from
49,000 Flight service and replace
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
Remove this frame
assembly from
PSM 1–6–11
39,000 Flight service and replace
Fuselage Frame Hours or 78,000 with a new assembly
Series
53-004 Assembly, Sta. 218.8, Post Mod 6/1173 – Flight Cycles – – C6MK1553–1 or –3
300
Part No. C6FSM2582–1 whichever
occurs first Incorporating
Mod 6/1553
(Refer to SB 6/354)
of limits.
Apr 30/18
PAGE 6
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS
54 – Nacelles
Every 3,000
3,000 Flight Inspect the left side of
Flight Hours or
Hours or 6,000 each nacelle structure
Series Engine Nacelle 6,000 Flight
Every 3,000
3,000 Flight Inspect the left side of
Flight Hours or
Hours or 6,000 each nacelle structure
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
Series Engine Nacelle 6,000 Flight
54-002 All Configurations – – Flight Cycles
400 Structure Cycles (Refer to PSM 1-6-7
whichever
PSM 1–6–11
whichever Part 3)
occurs first
occurs first
Inspect lower
longerons for buckles or
All Engine Nacelle Every 50 Flight cracks on each nacelle
54-003 High Flotation Tires – – 50 Flight Hours
Series Lower Longerons Hours structure
(Refer to SB 6/509)
Inspect lower
longerons for buckles or
All Engine Nacelle Skis / Floats Every 50 Flight cracks on each nacelle
54-006 – – 50 Flight Hours
Series Lower Longerons Pre Mod 6/1655 Hours structure
(Refer to SB 6/509)
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS
54 – Nacelles (Cont’d)
Intermediate Inspect lower
Flotation Tires longerons for buckles or
All Engine Nacelle Installed in Every 200 Flight
Inspect lower
longerons for buckles or
All Engine Nacelle Skis / Floats Every 200 Flight
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
54-008 – – 50 Flight Hours cracks on each nacelle
Series Lower Longerons Post Mod 6/1655 Hours structure
PSM 1–6–11
(Refer to SB 6/509)
Inspect lower
Aircraft that are not longerons for buckles or
All Engine Nacelle addressed by Every 400 Flight cracks on each nacelle
54-009 – – 400 Flight Hours
Series Lower Longerons 54-003 through Hours structure
54-008
(Refer to SB 6/509)
Inspect lower
longerons for buckles or
All Engine Nacelle All Configurations
54-010 – – Immediate Immediate cracks on each nacelle
Series Lower Longerons After Hard Landing structure
(Refer to SB 6/509)
57 – Wings
57 – Wings (Cont’d)
Series No. 25 only
Wing Assembly EO 63732 and 25,000 Flight
C6W1001–1, –3, –5, EO 66489 Hours or 50,000 Incorporate Mod 6/1630
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
C6W1001–1, –3, –5, Pre Mod 6/1117 Hours or 34,800 Refer to Table Attachment Lug
Series –7, –9 and –11 Fastener Holes
57-003 and – – Flight Cycles on Page 18 for
PSM 1–6–11
1/100/200
Wing Box Pre Mod 6/1630 whichever Task 57-003 (Refer to PSM 1-6-7
occurs first Part 3)
C6W1002–1, –3, –5, –7
49,000 Flight
C6W1002
When installed into Hours or 98,000
Series Replacement Box
57-005 C6W1001 as part of Flight Cycles – – – –
1/100/200 (Replaces –1, –3, –5,
Mod 6/1630 whichever
and –7)
occurs first
Every 1,200
17,000 Flight Inspect Main Spar at
C6W1002 When installed into Flight Hours or
Hours or 34,000 Sta. 152.8
Series Replacement Box C6W1001 as part of 2,400 Flight
57-007 – – Flight Cycles
1/100/200 (Replaces –1, –3, –5, Mod 6/1630 and Cycles (Refer to PSM 1-6-7
whichever
and –7) Post Mod 6/1318 whichever Part 3)
occurs first
occurs first
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS
57 – Wings (Cont’d)
Inspect Lwr Skin at
WS185 and the Lwr
Every 1,200 Wing Skin, Stringers
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
Wing Assembly
PSM 1–6–11
C6W1001–13, –15,
–17, –19, –21, –23, 49,000 Flight
Post Mod 6/1117 Hours or 98,000 Incorporate Mod 6/1630
–25, –27 & subsequent
Series to extend service life
57-009 and Flight Cycles – – –
1/100/200
Wing Box Pre Mod 6/1630 whichever (Refer to SB 6/362)
C6W1002–9, –11, –13, occurs first
–15, –17, –19, –21,
–23 & subsequent
Wing Assembly
C6W1001–13, –15,
Post Mod 6/1117
–17, –19, –21, –23,
–25, –27 & subsequent and 17,000 Flight
Series Incorporate Mod 6/1318
57-010 Pre Mod 6/1630 – Hours or 34,000 – –
1/100/200 Wing Box (Refer to SB 6/268)
and Flight Cycles
C6W1002–9, –11, –13,
Pre Mod 6/1318
–15, –17, –19, –21,
–23 & subsequent
whichever Part 3)
C6W1002–9, –11, –13, occurs first
PAGE 9
57 – Wings (Cont’d)
Wing Assembly Inspect Lwr Skin at
C6W1001–13, –15, WS185, Lwr Wing Skin,
Every 1,200
–17, –19, –21, –23, 32,000 Flight Stringers and Aft Spar
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
Post Mod 6/1117
C6W1002–
PSM 1–6–11
and when installed
Replacement Box 17,000 Flight Incorporate Mod 6/1318
Series into C6W1001 as
57-013 (Replaces –9, –11, –13, – Hours or 34,000 – –
1/100/200 part of Mod 6/1630 (Refer to SB 6/268)
–15, –17, –19, –21, Flight Cycles
and
–23 & subsequent
Pre Mod 6/1318
Every 1,200
C6W1002– Post Mod 6/1117 17,000 Flight Inspect Main Spar at
Flight Hours or
Replacement Box Post Mod 6/1318, Hours or 34,000 Station 152.8
Series 2,400 Flight
57-014 (Replaces –9, –11, –13, and when installed – – Flight Cycles
1/100/200 Cycles (Refer to PSM 1-6-7
–15, –17, –19, –21, into C6W1001 as whichever
whichever Part 3)
–23 & subsequent part of Mod 6/1630 occurs first
occurs first
57 – Wings (Cont’d)
66,000 Flight
Wing Assembly
Post Mod 6/1117 Hours or 132,000
Series C6W1001–13, –15,
57-017 and Flight Cycles – – – –
Wing Assembly
C6W1001–13, –15,
–17, –19, –21, –23, Post Mod 6/1117
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
–25, –27 & subsequent
and 12,000 Flight Incorporate Mod 6/1318
Series
57-018 Pre Mod 6/1630 – Hours or 24,000 – –
PSM 1–6–11
300 Wing Box
and Flight Cycles (Refer to SB 6/268)
C6W1002–17, –19,
Pre Mod 6/1318
–21, –23, –25, –27,
–51, –53, –55, –57,
–59, –61
Wing Assembly
C6W1001–13, –15,
–17, –19, –21, –23, Every 1,200
Post Mod 6/1117 12,000 Flight Inspect Main Spar at
–25, –27 & subsequent Flight Hours or
and Hours or 24,000 Sta. 152.8
Series 2,400 Flight
57-019 Wing Box Pre Mod 6/1630 – – Flight Cycles
300 Cycles (Refer to PSM 1-6-7
and whichever
C6W1002–17, –19, whichever
Pre Mod 6/1318 occurs first Part 3)
–21, –23, –25, –27, occurs first
–51, –53, –55, –57,
–59, –61
Wing Assembly
Inspect Lwr Skin
C6W1001–13, –15,
Part 3)
–59, –61
Apr 30/18
PAGE 12
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS
57 – Wings (Cont’d)
Wing Assembly
C6W1001–13, –15,
–17, –19, –21, –23,
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
–59, –61
PSM 1–6–11
C6W1002– Post Mod 6/1117
Replacement Box and when installed
12,000 Flight Incorporate Mod 6/1318
Series (Replaces 17, –19, into C6W1001 as
57-022 – Hours or 24,000 – –
300 –21, –23, –25, –27, part of Mod 6/1630 (Refer to SB 6/268)
Flight Cycles
–51, –53, –55, –57, and
–59, –61 Pre Mod 6/1318
66,000 Flight
Wing Assembly
Post Mod 6/1117 Hours or 132,000
Series C6W1001–13, –15,
57-025 and Flight Cycles – – – –
300 –17, –19, –21, –23,
Post Mod 6/1630 whichever
–25, –27 & subsequent
occurs first
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS
57 – Wings (Cont’d)
Wing Assembly
C6W1001–33, –35, Post Mod 6/1117
& subsequent and 12,000 Flight Incorporate Mod 6/1318
Wing Assembly
Every 1,200
C6W1001–33, –35, Post Mod 6/1117 12,000 Flight Inspect Main Spar at
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
Flight Hours or
& subsequent and Hours or 24,000 Station 152.8
Series 2,400 Flight
PSM 1–6–11
57-027 Pre Mod 6/1630 – – Flight Cycles
400 Cycles (Refer to PSM 1-6-7
Wing Box and whichever
C6W1002–67, –69, whichever Part 3)
Pre Mod 6/1318 occurs first
occurs first
& subsequent
Wing Assembly
C6W1001–33, –35, 33,000 Flight
& subsequent Post Mod 6/1117 Hours or 66,000 Incorporate Mod 6/1630
Series to extend service life
57-029 and Flight Cycles – – –
400
57 – Wings (Cont’d)
Post Mod 6/1117 Every 1,200
12,000 Flight Inspect Main Spar at
C6W1002– and when installed Flight Hours or
Hours or 24,000 Sta. 152.8
Series Replacement Box into C6W1001 as 2,400 Flight
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
24,000 Flight Stringers and Aft Spar
C6W1002– Post Mod 6/1117 Flight Hours or
Hours or 48,000 Lwr Flange from
Series Replacement Box and when installed 2,400 Flight
PSM 1–6–11
57-032 – – Flight Cycles WS122 to WS263
400 (Replaces 67, –69, into C6W1001 as Cycles
whichever (ribs 8 to 20)
& subsequent part of Mod 6/1630 whichever
occurs first
occurs first (Refer to PSM 1-6-7
Part 3)
66,000 Flight
Wing Assembly Post Mod 6/1117 Hours or 132,000
Series
57-033 C6W1001–33, –35 and Flight Cycles – – – –
400
& subsequent Post Mod 6/1630 whichever
occurs first
Remove these
wing strut and link
assemblies, including
all attachment bolts,
Wing Strut Assembly 16,000 Flight from service and
C6W1005–1, –2, –3, –4 Pre Mod 6/1172 Hours or 32,000 replace with new parts
Series
57-034 and Flight Cycles – – – C6W1005–5, –6 or
57 – Wings (Cont’d)
Remove these
wing strut and link
assemblies, including
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
Wing Strut Assembly 49,000 Flight (link), and attachment
C6W1005–5, –6, –7, –8 Post Mod 6/1172 Hours or 98,000 bolts C6WM1411–27
Series
PSM 1–6–11
57-035 and Flight Cycles – – – (one per strut) and –29
1/100/200
Link Assembly Post Mod 6/1174 whichever (two per strut)
C6WM1409–1, –3 occurs first
NOTE: The Wing Strut
Assemblies that have
been installed on a
Series 300 aircraft
and will be used on
Series 100/200 aircraft
must not exceed the life
limits stipulated for the
Series 300 aircraft.
Remove these
wing strut and link
assemblies, including
all attachment bolts,
Wing Strut Assembly 36,000 Flight from service and
57 – Wings (Cont’d)
Remove these
wing strut and link
assemblies, including
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
bolts C6WM1411–27
(one per strut) and –29
PSM 1–6–11
(two per strut)
Every 2,400
Landplanes and 31,800 Flight Inspections of the lower
Flight Hours or
Wing Flap Hinge Arm Floatplanes that Hours or 63,600 attachment fittings
All 4,800 Flight
57-038 Attachment Fittings at have been used – – Flight Cycles C6W1045
Series Cycles
Wing Sta. 97.5 in Landplane whichever
whichever (Refer to PSM 1-6-7)
configuration occurs first
occurs first
Every 1,500
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
PSM 1–6–11
TRANSPORT CANADA APPROVED
Apr 30/18
PAGE 17
PSM 1–6–11 TRANSPORT CANADA APPROVED
DHC–6 AIRFRAME
AIRWORTHINESS LIMITATIONS MANUAL
Hole Oversizes
Hole Diameter
(Clean) Repeat Interval Repeat Interval
Range
Holes 1–7 Only Flight Hours * Flight Cycles *
inch (mm)
inch (mm)
3/16
Nominal 6,500 13,000
(4.7625)
*REPEAT INTERVAL AT NEXT FLIGHT HOURS OR FLIGHT CYCLES WHICHEVER OCCURS FIRST
**IF LARGER FASTENERS ARE REQUIRED, OR OVERSIZE OF EITHER HOLE 8 OR 9 IS REQUIRED, CONTACT
VIKING AIR LIMITED, PRODUCT SUPPORT AT (250)656-7227.
FOR NEXT INSPECTION INTERVAL, USE LARGEST SIZE HOLE OF 1 TO 14, EXCEPT HOLES 8 AND 9. IF LARGEST
HOLE IS IN 10-14 RANGE, FOR NEXT INSPECTION INTERVAL, USE NEXT LARGER HOLE DIAMETER RANGE AS
SHOWN ABOVE OR INTERPOLATE IF NECESSARY.
PAGE 18
Apr 30/18