RAID

● Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) is a term used to describe

computer storage systems that spread or replicate data across multiple drives.

Ang ibig sabihin ng raid is Redundant Array of Independent Disks so dati before ung
independent disk ang ibigsabihin ng raid ay redundant array of inexpensive disk.
Ang raid ay isang paraan para sa mga users na mag stored o maglagay ng mga
data sa dalawa o higit pang hard disk or other storage such as HDD OR SSD
GINAGAWANG ito para maprotectehan ang mga files na inilalagay niyo sa storage
maraming levels ang raid such as raid 1, 2, 3, rade 0, 10 etc.

History of RAID Storage

● The term RAID was coined in 1987 by David Patterson, Randy Katz and Garth A.
Gibson. In their 1988 technical report, "A Case for Redundant Arrays of
Inexpensive Disks (RAID)," the three argued that an array of inexpensive drives
could beat the performance of the top expensive disk drives of the time.

● There are two main reasons for RAID storage to work in this way: it
increases data reliability and improves I/O (input/output) performance. That said,
RAID storage isn't a perfect technology. Data loss can still occur when using it.

What is RAID?

RAID (combines physical disk into a single logical unit using special hardware or
software

How does RAID storage work?

● RAID combines physical disks into a single logical unit using special
hardware or software.
So pano nga ba gumagana ang raid? Ang raid ay naglalgay ng information or data sa
loob ng maraming disks or storage pag meron kayong raid ang mga arrays nito ay
lalabas sa operating system as one or single logical disk lang ibig sabihin kahit 3 ang
disks o storage na gamit niyo isa lang ang lalabas sa OS niyo. Meron dalawang ways
ang raid para maisagawa nito ang tinatawag ultimate backup functionality nandito ang
disk mirroring and disk stripping. Ang disk mirroring from the world itself mirror
kokopyahin ng ibang drive ang exact data na nandon o galing sa kabilang drive for
example merong 50 music or 10 vids ung isang drive, lahat nang yan macocopy
papunta don sa kabilang drive ayon ang tinatawag na disk mirroring. ang disk stripping
naman ito ay isang paraan ng raid kung saan files ay hahati hatiin nito papunta sa ibat
ibang drive or storage for example ang isang music hahatiin nito sa dalawa para ung
isang file na hinati sa dalawa ay mapupunta sa dalawa ring drive o storage

The basic RAID levels include:

RAID 0 – Often called striping, this is considered the most basic RAID level. It offers no
redundancy but excellent performance. Data is striped across at least two disks and
with every disk added, the read/write performance and storage capacity are increased
over a single drive. More on what is RAID 0? here.

Ang configuration na ito ay stripping pero walang reduduncy ng data. ang raid 0 ay ang
nagbibigay ng pinakamagandang perf pero walang assurance ang ibig sabihin nito ay
kapag ang isang drive niyo nasira well lahat na files niyo duon sa raid zero ay
mawawala or masisira din, ok so ganito maganda ang perf nito kase dalawang files niyo
ang gagana at the same time so ung speed nung both drives ay mag fufunction
kumbaga magpapatong ung dalawang yon pero since eto ay stripping ang and ang raid
zero ay stripping kpag ang isa sa mga drives ng raid 0 ang nasira or nag mal function
lahat ng data stored ditto ay masisira din. Ang raid 0 ay for speed or pang performance
purposes lamang. So kapag naka raid zero kayo ung total capacity nun is kung ilan ng
ung capacity nung drive niyo for example dalawang one terabyte magiging 2 terbtyes
yon pero parang iisang drive lang ang meron kayo sice kapag nag malfunction
mawawala or masisira narin yung mga files na nadoon sa kabila kahit sabihin niyong
gumagawa pa yung isa.

RAID 1 – This level is also called mirroring as the same data is mirrored across two
disks, providing the lowest level of RAID redundancy. It offers up to double the read
performance of a single drive but no increase in write speed. Stored data is always
accessible as long as one disk is still working. More on what is RAID 1? here.

Ang raid 1 ay tinatawag ring disk mirroring ang configuration na ito ay mayroong atleast
dalawang drives na dinoduplicate ang mga data, pero ung maximum capacity niyo ay
parang isa drive lang ang gamit niyo. So ang raid 1 ang concept nito is minimum of 2
drives for example dalwang 1 terabytes hindi ito magiging 2 terbytes kase nga disk
mirroring. And disk mirroring , ang isang files niyo ay mapupunta sa isang storage ung
full file then macocopy din ito sa kabilang storage so technically u have 2 drives 1
terbytes for each drives pero the actual is u have only 1 terabytes of drives pero meron
kang 2 drives
RAID 5 – This is a common configuration that provides a good compromise between
security and performance. It requires at least three disks and offers increased read
speeds but no improvements in write performance. RAID 5 introduces parity to the
array, which takes up the space of one disk in total. This level can also tolerate one disk
failure. More on what is RAID 5?

Now in order to use RAID 5 you need to have 3 or more disks RAID 5 is a common
setup that is used especially in companies and that's because it's fast and it can store a
large amount of data. Now in a RAID 5 setup that data is not duplicated but it's striped
or spread across multiple disks and in addition to the data There is another very
important piece of information that is being evenly spread across all the disks and that
information is called parity and Parity is used to rebuild the data in the event of a disk
failure now in a RAID 5 setup If 1 disk were to fail you would not lose any data Because
RAID 5 is designed to handle a single disk failure So all you would have to do is replace
the failed disk with a new one and then RAID 5 would use the parity information from
the other disks to rebuild the data on the new hard drive However, if 2 discs were to fail
at the same time in a RAID 5 setup, then all the data would be lost because RAID 5 is
not designed to handle 2 disk failures at the same time. It can only handle 1 disk failure
at a time

RAID 6 – This takes the concept of RAID 5 a step further as a minimum of four disks
are required and dual-parity is introduced, meaning data can be recreated even if two
disks fail within the array.

 Now in order to use RAID 6 you need to have 4 or more disks.Now RAID 6 is just like
RAID 5, where the data is striped across all the disks and parity is also spread on all the
disks but the difference is in RAID 6, parity is spread twice on all the disks and the
reason for this double parity is so that it can handle 2 disks failure at the same time So
in a RAID 6 if 2 disks were to fail at the same time, which is pretty rare, no data would
be lost And all you would have to do is replace the failed disks and then RAID 6 would
use the double parity from the other disks to rebuild the data on the new drives

RAID 10 – This is a partnership between RAID 1 and RAID 0. Also known as RAID 1 +
0, this configuration consists of assembling two or more RAID 1 devices into a RAID 0
array. More on what is RAID 10? Here

So ang raid 10 is a combination of raid 1 and raid 0, kaya sya tinatwag na raid 10. Ang
maganda rito stripping plus mirroring nandito ung speed performance, right
performance and also back up, pero isa sa mga consequences kapag mag raraid 10
kayo, ang raid 10 guys requires you a minimum 4 drives yes apat na drives ang
kailangan niyo para makapag set up kayo ng raid 10. so bakit nga 4 drives? 4 drives
kase dalawang pares ng raid zero and meron ditto so bale apat na agad yon and yung
dalawang pares na naka raid zero is magiging raid 1, gets niyo ba? So ganito for
example meron kayong apat na 1 terbytes data of storage so bale 4 terbytes na yon
since involved ditto ang raid 1 so magiging 2 terbytyes nalang diba, ang mga files niyo
mahahati at ilagagay nito sa mga drives or at the same time so meaning pag isang side
ng raid 1 ang nasira well ok lang since alam naman natin ang concept ng raid 1 diba

. It offers no redundancy but excellent performance. -RAID 0

this configuration consists of assembling two or more RAID 1 devices into a RAID 0
array. - RAID 10

data can be recreated even if two disks fail within the array.- RAID 6

This level can also tolerate one disk failure- RAID 5

Stored data is always accessible as long as one disk is still working.- RAID 1