po 6 iP = 05 mole mber of Carbon atoms in O.5mol= 0.5 xNq = 0.56.02 x 10" = 3.01410" atoms Non Number of atoms of Mg = mass of of Me 3.01 x 10" = 30110" te sae 6.0210" 4.3. 0110" cat 3.01x10"* x24 6.0210" = 12g So, 12 g of Mg will have same No. of atoms a Mass of Mg = that of 6g of carbon. Ae RLS Ui Ql. Define industrial chemistry and | ii) Analytical Chemistry: analytical chemistry. (Board 2014), ovzo1ess It is the branch of chemistry which Ans. i) Industrial Chemistry: deals with the separation and analysis of a ‘The branch of chemistry that deals with sample to identify its components. The the manufacturing of chemical compounds on separation is carried out prior to qualitative commercial scale, is called industrial and quantitative analysis. Different chemistry. It deals with the manufacturing of | techniques and instruments used for analysis fertilizers, textile, soap, agricultural products, | are also studied’ inthis branch, paints, paper etc. How can you differentiate between organic an ganic chemistry? OR osz01048 (Define organic and inorganic chemistry.) (Board 2014, 15,19) Ans. [iene Inorganic chemistry deals with the study of all elements and their compounds except those of compounds of carbon and hydrogen (hydrocarbons) and their derivatives. Q3._ Give the scope of biochemistry. onn0ss Ans. The scope of biochemistry is very vast. Its applications are in the fields of medicines, food science and agriculture etc. * Q4. How does homogeneous mixture differ from heterogeneous mixture? ‘Ans, (Board 2017,18) 09201046 PO SSS SLO Organic. chemistry is the study of covalent compounds . of carbon and hydrogen (hydrocarbons) and their derivatives. Mixtures having uniform composition | Heterogeneous mixture is that in which throughout are called Homogencous mixtures | composition is not uniform throughout ¢.g. -£. air, ice cream. L soil, rock. Scanned with CamScannerQS. What is the relative atomic mass? How is It related to gram? OR emer Define relative atomic mass based on scale. ‘Ans, ‘The relative atomic mass of an element is the average mass of atoms of that element 1 ‘as compared to —— the mass of one atom " 2th of carbon-12 isotope. Its unit is called atomic mass unit with symbol “amu”, One atomic Pra mass unit is —— the mass of one atom of 2th carbon-12th, When this atomic mass unit is expressed in grams, itis equivalent to Tamu = = 1.66x10%% Q6, Define empirical formula with an example, (Hoard 2019) erm ‘Ans, The type of formula which shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound is called empirical formula, eg. glucose (CoHj:0«) has simplest ratio 1:2:1 of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen respectively. Hence its empirical formula is CH,O. .Q7. State three reasons why do you think air is a mixture and water a compound? eno ‘Ans. i) Water is a compound because it is formed by chemical combination of hydrogen and oxygen whereas air is formed by simple mixing of different gases. if) Water has fixed ratio between masses of hydrogen and oxygen, wheteas in air ratio between masses of component gases is not fixed. iii) Water has definite melting and boiling points whereas air does not have any fixed melting and boiling point. Q11. Classify the following into element, compound or mixture. (ii) CO and Co {Iron and steel () Heand Hy (iv) Goldand brass (v) Ans. Q12. Define atomic mass unit. Why is it needed? (Board 2014) 9201084 3 Ans. The unit for relative atomic mass is called atomic mass unit. ts symbol is “amu, One atomic mass unit is Yh the mass of one QS. Explain why hydrogen and oye, fre considered elements WHEEAS Water compound. 910 ‘Ans, Hydrogen and oxygen ate cletneng, ecause in these Substances SAME type of atoms with same atomic number are presen, whereas water is made up of hydnvgen ang oxygen atoms having different numbers. Hydrogen and oxygen tlecomposed into simpler substances by chemical means whereas water 6a be decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis, Q9. What is the significance of the symbol of an element? emsaost ‘Ans, Symbol is the international recognition fof an element. With the help of symbol scientists form the formulae of different compounds, Symbol also helps to write and understand chemical equation for different chemical reactions. The pe wadic table ts based on symbols of different elements. We should say without symbols Chemistry would not be easy to understand Q10. State the reasons Soft drink is a mixture and water is a compound. —@200sr ‘Ans, Soft drink (Cold drink) is a true solution of sugar and water in which CO) is dissolved through pressure. We can separate these components by physical methods. It does not have definite melting and boiling point. Therefore cold drink is a mixture, whereas water is formed by chemical combination of hydrogen and oxygen. 2H; + 0; —> 2H;0 We cannot separate these two gases by physical methods. It has definite freezing and boiling points. Therefore water is compound ons (iii) Water and milk and Stee atom of carbon-12”. The mass of an atom too small to be determined practically. $0” determine the atomic mass of varie elements atomic mass unit 1s needed eee eee if Scanned with CamScannerace formed by combining the followings: enss Water + Sugar iii) Muminium + Sulphur zu ytine Alloy (mixture) ___Brass__ {Water + sugar Solution (mixture) Aqueous solution of sugar _ (ili)Aluminium + Sulphur Compound | “Aluminium sulphide __| { Gvilron + Chromium + Nickel Alloy (mixture) | —_Nichrome_ } QI4, Differentiate between molecular mass and formula mass. Which of the following have molecular formula? H,0, NaCl, KI, SO. . omnes ‘Ans, Molecular mass The sum of atomic masses of all the atoms present in one molecule of a molecular, substance is called molecular mass, e.g. molecular mass of water is 18 amu, Whereas Formula mass is the sumn of atomic masses of all atoms present in one formula unit of a substance is called formula mass. eg. formula mass of sodium chloride is 58.5 amu. H,0 and H2SO, are molecular formulae of molecular compounds water and sulphuric Nf acid respectively. O15. Which one has more atoms: 10g of Alor 10gof Fe? i onmiest Ans. (i) Given mass of Al 10g. Molar mass of Al 27gmol" No. of atoms in 10g of Al No. of moles xNq = Given mass Molar mass = —1%_ 3, Fgmar*002%10" atoms = 2.23x10™ atoms (i) Given mass of Fe = le, Molar mass of Fe = 56 gmof' No. of atoms in 10g of Fe, = Pc6.02x10"toms = 1,115x10¥ atoms” Therefore 10g of Al contains more atoms as compared to 10g of Fe. Q16. Which one has more molecules: 9g of water or 9g of sugar(CyH,0,,). OR ensies (Find out the molecules in 9 gram of water.) Board 2015) ‘Ans. (i) Given mass of water (H20). 9g Molar mass of water (H30) 18gmot" No. of molecules in 9g of water = Mass of water yy, Molar mass : ' = 2.x602x10" molecules . , =!3,01x10" molecules (i) Given mass of sugar =o Molar mass of sugar (CizH20) = 342gmol 9 2 No. of molecules in 9g of sugar = 5,5%6.02x10"' molecules = 1,584 x 10” molecules ‘Therefore, 9g of water contains more molecules than 9g of sugar. Scanned with CamScannerQI7. Which one has more formula units: 1g of NaCl'or Ig of KCl. omrosy Ans, (Given mass of NaCl ps Formula mass of NaCl = 58.5gmol é ‘ bia ti by = Given mass 2! y6o2x10" No.of formulaunits in 1gof NaCl = RTE N, = 55 1,029x10” formula units (particles) (ii) Formula mass of KCL 74,5gmol" Given mass of KCI Ig No. of formula units in Ig of KCI” = sagxsnxi0” = 8.080x10" formula units (particles) ‘Therefore, 1g of NaCl contains more formula units than 1g of KCI. QB. Differentiate between homoatomic and heteroatomic molecules with examples, o7201060 Ans. Difference between homoatomic and heteroatomic molecules: (Board 2015, 19) LO ee eee et i Coen ea ed A, molecule containing same type of | A molecule consisting of different types atoms is called homoatomic molecule. | of atoms is called Heteroatoniic ¢.g. Hydrogen (H,), Oxygen (02); Ozone | molecule. e.g. NH3, HzO and CO; are (3) and sulphur (Ss) are. “homoatomic | heteroatomic molecules. molecules. } . Q19. In which one of the following the number of hydrogen aloms Is more? 9201061 2 moles of HCl or 1 mole of NHy (Hint: 1 mole of a substance contains as much number of moles of atoms as are in 1 molecule of a stibstance) . ‘Ans. No. of moles of hydrogen in 1 mole of HCI I mole No. of moles of hydrogen in 2 moles of HCI 2moles ‘Whereas no, of moles of hydrogen in | mole of NH), = 3 moles Hence 1 mole of NH contains 3 moles of hydrogen and will have more hydrogen atoms than 2 moles of hydrogen pi sent in 2 moles of HCl, Ce LUNES WORT NT ). Define Science. ommi042 123.. What is nul istry? Ans. The knowledge that provides (KX heard aor arcs understanding of this world and how ‘it Ans. Nuclear ‘chemistry is. the’ branch of works, is called science, chemistry ‘that deals with the reactivity, Q21.What is Chemistry? Beard 2018) anus | nuclear process ‘ind Properties: The main Ans. The branch of science which deals with | concer of th branch is with the energy of the tpn, fasctie Properties and atom and its uses in daily life, reactions of matter is called Chemi . ‘ Gn rial lin er ‘What is environmental chemistry? Board 2018) ns. The branch of chemi wit Ans. The branch of chemistry that deals with the components of ety ate ou the relationship between the composition and effects of the human activitic the Physical properties of matter along with the. }} environment. cet ua in them is called Physical Chemisty. Q25, What is matter? Show classification, of matter. Ans. Anything that has mass and occupiee space is called wore three physical states; solid, liquid or pas! Pe SEINE Matter can exis in any ofthe Sige incense nena Be fe a 201064sification of Matter Matter Cena ual Substance Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture Q26, What is valency?¢board 2016) o»2oi048 ‘Ans. The combining capacity of an element with other elements is called valency. For example valency of carbon is 4, Q27. What is meant by variable valency? : eor0i069 ‘Ans. Some elements show more than: one combining power (valency) that is called variable valency. For example, in ferrous sulphate (FeSOs) the valency of iron is 2, whereas in ferric sulphate Fes(SO,)s. the valency of iron is 3, Q28; What is a radical? (Board 2016) o»201070 ‘Ans. An atom or a group of atoms that have some charge and keep intact during a chemical reaction is called a radical e.g. “Hydronium H30* and carbonate. CO;* Q29. What is ‘atomic number and mass number? — (Board 2016) 9201071 Ans, Atomic Number (Z): The number of protohs present in the nucleus of an atom of an element is called its atomic number, It is-represented by symbol ‘2’. e.g. carbon atom has 6 protons, its atomic number @is6. Mass Number (A): The sum of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus of an atom of an element is called mass number or nucleon number, It is represented by symbol ‘A’ e.g. carbon atom has 6 protons and 6 neittrons, hence its mass ‘number (A) is 12. Q30. What is molecular formula? How is molecular formula derived from empirical formula? 09201072 Ans. The formula of molecular substances that shows actual number of atoms of each Elements ] [compounds | | clement present in a molecule of that substance is called molecular formula e.g. molecular formula of benzene is CeHs. Molecular formula is derived from empirical formula by the following relationshi Molecular formula = (Empirical formula)n Where n is 1, 2, 3 and so on. e.g. molecular formula of benzene CH, is derived from the empirical formula CH, where the value of n is 6 . Q31. What is ion? What are its types? (Board 2014, 19) or2ni073 Ans. Ton: An atom or group of atoms having a charge on it, is called ion. There are two types of ions i. cation and anion. (i) Cation: An atom or group of atoms having positive charge on it, is called cation. Cations are formed when an atom loses electrons from its outermost shell e.g. Atoms Cations Na —> Nav+ie” Ca — > Ca¥ 420° (ii) Anion: An atom or group of atoms that has negative charge of it, is called anion. Anion is formed by the gain or addition of electrons to an atom. eg. Cl and 0* Atoms Anions ‘ Cl+le"— Ce" 0+2e° —+ 0" . Q32. Define free radicals. How are they generated? (Board 2017) ono1074 Ans, Free radicals are atoms or group of atoms possessing an odd number of (unpaired) electrons. It is represented by putting a dot over the symbol of an element a if Scanned with CamScanner a| N mixture of copper ang | Brass: Brass is F.€1 HC. Free radicals are generated metals. . penis can breakage of the Q36. How does chemistry provig,, by the homolytic (eq rb is of ‘molecularity’ of ‘the phy bond between two atoms when they absor ee . o92010% . at or light ener, ar ‘i on. ‘What is ‘Avogadro's number? Ans: Chemistry has become cunt ie (Board 2018, 16) on2o107s and leads to the ecard 7 vera Ans. Avogadro's number is a collection of reaction in any living anc sinless thi 6.02x10" particles. It is represented by of “m es . symbol ‘Na’. Hence, the 6.02x10” number reaction in the smallest living organi mor of atoms, molecules or formula units are | the most developed species like man, aly; called Avogadro's number that is equivalent +! takes place through the process of moles to one ‘mole’ of respective substance. formation. Hence, it provides basis Q34. Define a mole. (Board 2016) 09201076 ‘molecularity’ of the physical world. Ans. A mole is defined as the amount (mass) Q37. Who put forward the theory of di of a substance that contains 6.02x10" nature of matter? e201 umber of ‘particles (atoms, molecules or | Ans, In 1924 de-Broglie’ put forward | formula units). It is abbreviated as ‘mol’. theory of dual nature of matter this thec €.8,6.02x10" carbon atoms = 1 mote ofcabon. | explains that matter ‘hay dual both t It can also be defined as the atomic mass, properties i.e. particle property as well “molecular mass or formula mass of a wave property. substance expressed in grams is called mole. [Q38) How — de-Broglie explain { ¢.g. Atomic mass of carbon expressed as corpuscular nature of matter? 9201 12g = 1 mole of carbon, Ans. De-Broglie stated that matter has be Q3S. Write the composition of following the properties of particles as well as way, mixtures, 9201077 He advocated that these two systems coy @ Air (ii) Soil Milk not remain detached from each other, | (iv) Brass : mathematical evidences he proved that eve Ans. Air: Air is a mixture of nitrogen, moving object is attached with waves a oxygen, carbon dioxide, noble gases and every wave has corpuscular nature as we moisture, Corpuscule means a i i Sih Soils & mixture of sand, clay, mineral | Corurcaag related 30 paricie salts, water and air. Milk: Milk is a mixture of calcium, water, Sugar, fat, proteins, mineral salts and Vitamins. .Q39. Differentiate between Physical chemistry and Biochemistry. -(Board 2014) enon ns, Physical Chemistry It is the branch of chemistry that deals with the felationship between the composition and Physical properties of matter along with the : Ce tis the branch of chemistry in which we sud the — structure, Composition and chemi’ 4 Georges sr of substances found in. livit Example:Study of the effec of temperature or i radiation on matter, Example: Study of chemical processes ini Organisms such as synthesis ‘and metabolism carbohydrates etc, Scanned with CamScannerwould be covered by a 3 miles thick layer of marbles. / (ili) A glass of water, which contain an element, A symbol is taken from the na of that element in English, latin, Gree German. e.g. Ca for calcium, H for hydroge, me of elements why, 10 moles of water, has more water molecules ee on Nesters lel oo ni than the grains of sand in the Sahara desert were disco aren Sta. Define symbol of elements, aaa Ans. The name of elements are carbon, ¢4 (Boar ) silver, tin, mercury, copper, iron and sulph Ans, The elements are represented by , symbols, which are abbreviations for the name of +h of chemistry are t1 Q53. In which branch of chemistry is Q56. In which brane ied? rocesses of carbohydrates ar behaviour of gases and liquids studied? proces a Ans, Behaviour of gases and liquids is Ans. Metabolic processes of carbohydrat studied in physical chemistry. and proteins are studied in biochemistry. QS4. Define biochemistry. on10%6 Q57. Which branch of chemistry dea Ans, It is the branch of chemistry in which | with atomic energy and its uses in dai we study the structure, composition, and life? ono, chemical reactions of substances found in Ans, Nuclear chemistry deals with atom living organisms. It covers all chemical energy and its uses in daily life. reactions taking place in living organisms. i i gant Q58. Which branch of chemistry dea Applications of biochemistry are wide in the with the structure and properties « fields of medicine, food - science and naturally occurring molecules? e201 agriculture etc, Ans. Organic chemistry deals with tt QSS. Which branch of chemistry deals | Scture meg Properties of —naturall with preparation of paints and Paper? in | occurring molecules. 20 Ans, Industrial chemistry deals with . po of sis and sass : Q59. Can you identify mixture, element or Q61. How can you justify that air is compound out of the following: opzoii01 homogenous mixture? Identify substan Coca cola, petroleum, sugar, table salt, | present in it, omzain bieod, ‘gun powder, urine, aluminum, |- Ans. Composition of air remains vesh silicon, tin, ime and ice cream. throughout that is why it is a homogeno Gos Mixture: Coca cola, Petroleum, Blood, | mixture. Airis a mixture of nitroge: Gun powder, Urine, Ice cream oxygen, carbon dioxide, noble gases at Element: Aluminum, Silicon, Tin water vapours. Compound: Sugar, Table salt, Lime Q60, Name the elements represented by the fol Hg, Au, Fe, Ni, Co, W, Sn, Na, Ba, Br, Bi. llowing symbols: (Board 2013) Symbols RE 201103 BX DEkORe een Tin Sodium Barium Br Bromine i Bismuth LE | “Tungsten 162. Name a solid, a liquid anda a Oe. New pad iq Copa Baseous clement present at the room temperature. a Liquid element: Mercury “m Gaseous element: Nitrogen Scanned with CamScannercular formulae units or mole . formulae ay formals he followin i ct Call bln, Ba + CH Cal : Ans, Formula units: BaCOy, adh Hy, Colts20e+ € m ? Find out its molecu, 4H ic acid (CH\COOH) “ - Molecular formulae: i formula of aceti Q72. What is empirical fort He oT ECHLO. ‘cathe ~ Ans, Empirical formula of ast6el6e } CH\COOH = 12 434124! Molecular Mass of CHsCG = Q73. Calculate the formula masses: Na3SOu, ZnSO, and CuCOs. Ans, i Formula mass of NasSO, il) Formula mass of ZnSO, iii) Formuta mass of Cuco, the following as di H,S0., H;, CO;, HCI, CO, Ans, Diatomic molecules 2(23)+1(32)+4(16) 46432464 142 amu. 1(65)+32+4(16) 654+32+64 151 amu, 1(63.5) +12+3(16) 63.5+124+48 mic, triatomic or CoH, HO on tea polyatomic molecules: omy Ce Ho, CO; H:SO, HCI | #0 CoH co | QUS. Identity among the following as cation, anion, free radical, molecular ion or Molecule: Na’, Br’, Ny*, Ans. Cation: Na* teens olecular fon: N;* Ch, CO*, 1,00 Anion: CO; Ho? Molecule: C1,.0, ‘ om Free radical: Br’ Q76. Which term is used-to my Present the mass of 1 mole of males ee the relationship betvea Substance? ofa substance, omy Ans. The term Molar masg pipe formula mn MASS, molecular maw & = ear mas i used to represen he fan formuly mass expressed in grams is calles O77. He MO leeules ofa substangs ® Following equation shows. & . How many atoms are pres, wt ‘lationship between Mass and mole, gram atomic m, = 4 fe oie of a substance? omnis No. of motes = f the substance BF sic ma a 4 SAREE Ih on Or ala : Substance which ; equivalent to one # Or Imole of that substance Mis of he substance = No. of motes x Molar fit Scanned with CamScannerEy M sa ie of S sae? mass of I mole of § Q84. Is the mass of 1 mole of O and 1 mel 6B whereas the mane 6 Sis Ans. No, because the mass of | mole of O is tom of C? Sand 1 gram afot ith ma : Ans, One atom of carbon means si : . 1073 carbon atoms. te on having 6.02% ; gram atom means 12g or mole atu " ik 8 omen atoms, CAHIR the may ae Q86. If 16 gram of oxygen contains % of oxygen in grams. ; toms = 16g : Ans. The mas of (mole = 602.10" Jef exyven ; The mass of | atom of oxygen atom Ly. 6 02x10 a = 2.6610" g Q87. How many times is 1 mole of oxygen atom heavier than 1 mole of hydrogen tom Ans. Molarmassof HH = 1g ny Molar mass ofO = 16g i 1 mole of H-atom, Therefore, 1 mole of O-atom is 16 times heavier than Q88. Why does 10 g nitrogen gas contain the same number of molecules as 19 » ote monoxide? ; 4 Ans. Because Nitrogen (N>) gas and carbon monoxide (CO) gas have same molar Mss Therefore, their equal mass i.e. 10g will have same number of molecules. Sy Q 5. The third abundant Bas found int Earth's atmosphere is: 1, Industrial chemistry deals with the manufacturing of compounds: ona (a) in the laboratory (Board 2015) * Board 2018) onus (b)0n micro scale (2) Carbon monoxide (b) Oxygen (©) on, ‘commercial scale (©) Nitrogen (d) Argon” (d) on economic scale ., One amu (atomic mass unl) | 2. Which one of the following compounds equivalent to: = can be separated by physical means? (16610 mg (by 16x10" (a) Mixture (b) Element enon: (1.66 x10 ke (a) 1.66% 10°F (©) Compound (d) Radical ; BM » The most abundant element occurring in the oceans is: 7. Which one of the following moles Not tri-atomic? (Board 2014.17) #! omnis (a) Oxygen (b) Hydrogen Mo (c) Nitrogen () Silicon (©) H:0 (CO: aia’ One of the following cements ig | ® Themass of one molecule of walt found in most abundance in the (Board 2014,16,17) onus “Se | gee te (6) Aluminium The molar mass of HjSOs ist o (©) Silicon rd 20051718) © (d) Iron (a) 989 totam (9.88 (d) 9.8amu Ft ee! Ai Scanned with CamScanner10. Which one of the following is molecular mass of 0) In amu? (Hoard 2014) oni i40 (a) 32 amu (b) 5312510 “anna. (0) 1.92x10%.amu (dl) 192.64%10%amu 11. How many number of moles are equivalent to 8 grams of CO;? ono (a) 0.15 (b)0.18, (0.21 (a) 0.24 12, Which one of the following pairs has the same number of ions? tome (a) Lmole of NaC and 1 mole of Mj 14, The valency of noble gases is: ovzon104 (a) Three (b) Zero (c) Two (d) One 15. Structure of atom is studied in which branch of chemistry? oon (a) Organic Chem = (b) Physical Chem (c) Inorganic Chem (d) Nuclear Chem 16, Nuclear Chemistry has its applications in: 3 01146 (a) Medical treatment —_(b) Ecology (c) Metallurgy (d) Agriculture 17. Which one Is a physical property of substance? oon (a) Smell (b) Taste (c) Hardness (4) Allof these 18, Elements exist in the state may be: enone (a) Solid (b) Liquid (©) Gas (d) All of these 19, Valency of carbon is: ome @! (b)2 (3 (aa 20, 80 percent elements are: owmus0 (a) Metals ~ (b) Non-metals (c) Metalloids (4) All of these 21, Valency of oxygen is: musi (a) 2° (b)3 (4 (@5 22, The ratio of mass of carbon and oxygen in CO; Is: ona (18 (b) 2:3 ©) 3:8 (d) 1:2 23, Brass is a mixture of: omonss (@)Cu&Zn —— (b) Cu&Sn (© Cu&Al (d) Al & Fe comm“) (b) 122 mote of NaCland 12. male of MgCly (c) 12. mole of NaCl and 1/3 mole of MgCl; (d) 1/3 mole of NaCLand 12 mole of MCh ) Which one of the following pairs has the same mass? (Board 2016) omnia (a) 1 mole of CO and 1 mole of Ny (b) 1 mole of CO and | mole of CO (c) 1 mole of O) and | mole of No (A)1 mole of O, and | mole of CO ditional M 24. Mixture can be separated by means of: omoiss (a) Nuclear method (b) Chemical method (c) Physical method(d) All of these 25, Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called: omouiss (a) Mass no. (b) Atomic no. (c) Electron no. (d) Mass Unit 26. Empirical formula of sand is: ov2011s6 (a) SiO; (b) SiOz (©) SiOx (d) SiO 27. Which compound has same molecular and empirical formula? omous7 (a) CoHi20s (b) CoH (c) H202 (d) H,0> 28, Atom is electrically: arouse (a) Positive particle (b) Negative particle (c) Neutral particle (d) None of these 29, Which one is extremely reactive species? (a) NaCl (b) He oon011s9 () Nf (d) CHy 30. Fourth state of matter is: 5201160 (a) Solid (b) Liquid (c) Gas (@) Plasma 31. Example of mono atomic molecule is: (a) Hy (b) O2 ono (©) CO; (dy He 32, Which one is polyatomic molecule? (a) CHy (b) He one () 0: (@)N2 33. gram formula of NaCl contains grams: onus (a) 100g (b) 322 (c) 58.5g (d) 49g Scanned with CamScanner77. Which is liquid metal? (a) Mercury (b) Bromine (©) Sulphur (d) Todine 78. Which is liquid non-metal? (Board 30%) (a) Boron (b) Bromine (©) Sodium (4) Mereury 79. The ratio by mass of hydrogen on01207 and oxygen in water ist 09201209 (a) 8:1 (b) 3:8 1:2 (a) 1:8 80. Valency of Iron is: opmn2i0 (ay, 2 (b) 3 Of 2and3 (ad) Land 2 (a) SOF (b) SOF (©) HSO, (a) HSO; 82, Which one of the following radicals is Thiosulphate? oono1a (a) 8,05 (o) POY () SOx (d) HSO; 83 Which one of the following elements has valency 2? op2012i3 (a) Zn (b) Ba (c) Ca (d) All of these. 84. Which is ammonium radical? 0201214 () HO (b) OH (© CN” (@ NH; 85, Percentage of water in a living body is: (a) 65% onninis (b) 80% (©) 65% 10 80% (@) 40% 10.50% 86, The most abundant constituent of our body mass is: enous (a) Oxygen (b) Carbon c) Hydrogen (4) Nitrogen 87. Percentage of oxygen in our body mass is; 09201217 (a) 18% (b) 65% (c) 10% (d) 3% 88. Formula of sulphite radical is: osz0128 (a) Sor (b) CN” (c) SOF (a) 8,07" 89, Valency of Phosphorus is: emins (a) 1&2 (b) 2&3 (©) 3&5 2&4 EEN 90, Which is phosphate radicayy : i (b ‘ a N b) Hor o (4) Pos. 491. Which element SHOWS I vafeny, (a) Hydrogen () Silvey (c) Potassium (d) All Of he 92, Valency of copper is: (a) 1&2> (b) 2&3" @ 2&4 (385 ga, In FeSO,, the valency of iron jy @ 1 ®2 ° @ 3 (d)4 94, Formula of common salt is: (a) NaOH (b) Cao (© CaCOs (@) Nac 95, Which one of the following repr, sand? ? cy (a) SiO, (b) H,0 (©) NaCl (@) Caco, 96. Sodium Hydroxide is also known x : on (a) Washing Soda —_(b) Caustic So, (c) Soda Ash (d) Quick lime 97, Washing Soda is represented by| formula: om (a). NaOH (b) CaO (©) CaCO; (@) Na,CO,.10H,0 98. Limestone is another name of: | #0" (a) Sodium hydroxide (b) Calcium Carbonate (c) Sodium Carbonate (@) Silicon dioxide 99. Formula of Caustic Soda is: (@) C,H,0,, (0) C,H. (©) Cao () NaOH 100, Symbol of Tungsten metal is: °° (a) TI (b) Ti © Ww (a) Au 101, Which is chemical formula of lime? ag (@) Caco, (b) C20 (©) NaOH (@) NaCl % Scanned with CamScanner107. Mass number is represented by: @) A (b) Z omens © M @Na 108, Mass of Proton in amuis: oro (a) 1.0073 (b) 1.0087 (©) 1.672x 10 (d) None of these 109. Percentage of Calcium in human body is: omy (a) 65% (b) 3% (c) 15% (d) 18% 110. Mass of neutron is: emo * @ 1.0073 amu (b) 1.0087 amu (©) 5.486 x 10% amu (d) 1.672 x 107 g 111. Empirical formula. of hydrogen peroxide is: omn01241 (a) HO- (b) CHO ()CH (aco 112. Empirical formula of Benzene is: (Board 2016) 09201242 (@) CHO (o) CH ©, CH, @ CH 117. 118. 119. 120, 121. 102, Example of homogeneous mixture 113. Molecular mass of acetic acid Is: is: oun (a) 43. amu ono (a) Soil (b) Rock (b) 70 amu (©) Wood (4) Gasoline (c) 60 amu 103. Which one of the following is a (d) 80. amu mixture? 09201233, 114, Which one is monoatomic molecule? (@ Soe (b) Table Salt (a) CO (b) H, — ononrae © (4) Tin : 104, Symbol of Barium clement is: oo (©) CO, ie (a) Br (b) B 115. Formula of ozone is: emanras © Bi (@)Ba (a) 0, (b) 0, 105. Atomic number is represented by: () Sy (d) CO, @ Z (b) A op2orass 116. No. of formula units present in 58.5 () P (d) At of NaCl are: ono 106. 32'U has number of neutrons: (a) 2x 6.02 x 10” - @ 2 (0) 238 ons (b) 6.0210" () 146 (d) 330 (c) 3x 6.02x 10” (6) 58.5x 6.02 x 10” Number of hydrogen atoms present in 18g of water: oor (a) 2xNq (b) Na 1 (©) 3xNa @ 5N Total number of ions present in one mole of sodium chloride is: e»201248 1 ey fa) gheoakio (b) 6.0210" (c) 1:204x10" (d) None of these The theory of dual nature of matter was formulated by: om (a) Dalton (b) Avogadro (©) Goldstein or i Formula of sugar is: ee (a) CiH2On — (b) CaituOerfaceea, (c) NH; , (d) CHyCOOH In Fe; (SO,)s, the valency of iron is: (a) 4 (b)3onmasi © 2 @)1 Scanned with CamScanner_$7. Hydrocarbons and their derivatives are studied in: 9201187 (a) Organic Chemistry (b)_ Inorganic Chemistry (©) Nuclear Chemistry (@)_ Physical Chemistry 58, Extraction of metals from ores is called: ‘on201188 (a) Calcination (b) Metallurgy (©) Carbonation (@)_ Refining 59, Metabolic processes of carbohydrates and proteins are studied in: o»inisy (a) Physical Chemistry (b) Analytical Chemistry (©) Biochemistry » (@) Organic Chemistry 60.The main concern of Nuclear chemistry is with the: nro (a) Atomic energy () Pollution + (©) Pharmaceutical Industry (@ Fertilizers 61.The analysis which provides the identity of a substance is called: os201181 (a) Clinical analysis (b) Quantitative analysis (©) Qualitative analysis (A) Allof these 62. A piece of matter in impure form is termed as: oman, (@) Mixture (b) Compound (©) Substance (d) Allof these 63. The properties that are associated with Physical state of matter are called: (2) Chemical properties“. —omzotiss (0) Physical properties (©) Nuclear Properties (@)_ None of these 64. The properties which depend upon the 74,Percentage of Hydrogen in human body is: 7201204 (a) 18% (b) 10% (©) 65% (d) 15% 75. Percentage of Nitrogen in atmosphere is: (Board 2017) ‘os201205 (@) 21% (b) 50% (©) 0.03% (d) 78% 76.Natural occurrence of oxygen in atmosphere is: (Board 2017) o9201206 (a) 21% (b) 78% (©) 38% (d) 47% ee Scanned with CamScanners how M. Igram atom of carbon contains enuiet many moles? : (a)? moles (by 12 role ‘ (a) 6 moles (a) 6.02x10" (by 1,32x10 ‘ ()6.6x10" (a) 6.00x1 Er I formula of glucose * “teu (b) CHO (Board 2015) (©) CHo, (CHO ‘e 37, How many atoms are present fn on Bram atomic mass of a substance? ome (9)6.20x 10° (by12.04x 10" (©)6.02x 10" (4) 6.2 x 10° 38. 40g of HPO, contains number of ‘moles: (a) 0.58 (0)0.408g — ov201168 (0) 4.8 (@) 5.82 3% Which of the following specie is Benerated by sunlight? on201169 (a) fon (b) Free Radical (©) Molecule (d) Atom 40. Which type of molecular fons are Present in Plasma? 09201170. (9) Cationic (6) Anionic () Botha & b (@) Neutral ‘41. Percentage of Argon in ature is: (are )47% — eranin ()0.9% (4) 21% {grmula mass of K,S0, i oon (a © (6) 180amy (4) 145amy '%. Empirical form ‘Of acetic: acig (CHCOon) jg, i (Siso 3 orang ()CH ON 44, New f3 moles of, Orypen ato? ‘ 2 wer @ i oy ig ; 4s, Feat _ ecules Of Water Will be in half mo}, (a) 602 atl moe ot Water? (6) 3.015192 (©) 6.02x19% (@) 1.66% 1924 46. A piece of matter in jus Puree! * called: (a) Blement (b) Su a c) Mixture ) Mag, 41. ‘Which one of the follows nie "example of ionic compoungs (a) HO. (CHS (c) NaCl teomal ey } Example of covalent con AD KNO, (by Nagy th (©) KCI (Wag % 49, Example of heterogeneous may (a) Air ‘| (b) Gasoline by (6) Ice cream (a) Soil, 50. Number of moles in 29.255 May Board 2014) (0.25 (602) "™ (©)0.50° (4) 0.75 51. How many atoms of carbon, Ae Dt in one molecule of glucose? @i (b) 12 at ()6 (d) 22 52, Weight % age of chlorine preg Oceans is; (Board 2014), (a) 18) (b) 2.8 ©38 (448 53. The mass of electron is: (Board 2014, om ()9.106x10 9 (b)1.674x10%, (c) 1.672x10 » (d) 1.66x10", 54, pereentage of carbon in human bit a 2014) (@)18% one ind solids is: ##” fy BoBanic Chemistry @ Biochemistry Scanned with CamScannerDons Cereal Q79. Find out the mass of 3 moles of oxygen atoms. : eonoinat ‘Ans. Noof moles of ox moles Molar mass of ox; 16 g/mol Mass (grams) = No of moles xMolar mass Mass of 3 moles of oxyg = 3x16 = 48g Q80. How many molecules of water are present in half mole of water? eononi2 Ans, No of molecules = No of moles x Ny One mole of water contains molecules Half mole of water will contain molecules 6.0210" 0.5x6.02x107% 3.01x10"* molecules eee eee : Q81. How many atoms of sodium are present in 3 moles of sodium and what is the mass of it? . 09201123 ‘Ans. No. of moles of sodium = 3 mol No of atoms = No of moles x Ny, " No. of atoms of sodium present in 3 moles = 3x6.02x10" = 18.06x107= Molar mass of sodium =23g Mass of 1 mole of sodium =23¢ 80610" atoms. Mass (grams) = Noofmoles xMolarmass + The mass of 3 moles of sodium =3x23=69g ' Q82. How many atoms are in 1 amu aid 1 g of hydrogen (H)? ommns Ans, Atomic mass of Hydrogen =lamu Therefore | atom of hydrogen is present in 1 amu. & — Molar mass of hydrogen = 1 g/mol’ ven mass Molarmass 3 Tg/mol 6.0210"? ‘atoms 083. How many atoms are present in 16 g of O and 8g of S? onoins * 16 g/mol ? No. of atoms in I g of hydrogen xNq 6.02107" i) Molar mass of 0 No. of atoms in 16 g of 0 Using the formula No. of atoms _ Given mass Molar mass —'68 6.0210" = 6.02 10 atoms 16g /mol XNa i) Molar mass of $ Given mass of S , No. of atoms Using the formula, Given mass No. of atoms ys Molar mass A = Sx6o2x10 32 1,505x10™ atoms i ——— i. Scanned with CamScannerEee.) ‘09201108 pol 3, What elements do the following compounds contain? * Sugar, common salt, lime water and chalk. Ans. mn ‘Chemical Formul Elements of compound [Sugar Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen [Common salt (Sodium chloride) NaCl ndium and Chlorine [Lime water Ca (OM); (Calcium, Oxygen and Hydrogen | [Chalk (Calcium carbonate) CaCOy Calcium, Carbon and Oxygen Ce eto Bed (Q64, How many amu, 1g of a substance A=Z+n has? 09201106 = mass number or atomic mass Ans. Z= atomic number 1.66x10%g = Lamu n=noof neutron Q67. Define relative atomic mass. Ig = ay amu (Board 2014) (09201109, 1.66x10"" Ans. The relative atomic mass of an element = 6.02x10" amu is the average mass of atoms of that clement Hence 1p. of 2 substance wil have | x compared to <1 the mast of one stom 6.02x10™ amu. 12th + of carbon-12 isotope. me Q68. Why is atomic mass of an atom defined as relative atomic mass? 09201110 Ans. Because we compare the atomic masses of other elements with carbon - 12 atoms. Due to this ratio, their atomic masses are referred as relative atomic masses. Q65. Is atomic mass unit a SI unit of an atomic mass? onzorie7 ‘Ans. Atomic mass unit is not an SI unit of atomic mass. 66. What is the relationship between atomic number and atomic mass? —osz01108 ‘Ans. Relationship between ‘atomic number and atomic mass is: Q69. What is the relationship between empirical formula and formula unit? osz01111 compound e.g; Empirical formula of glucose CH:O shows the simplest ratio 1:2:1 of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms Ans. Empirical formula shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a . molecule of a molecular compound. Whereas formula unit shows the simplest whole respectively. Formula unit of common salt shows the simplest ratio 1:1 of Na*and Ce“ions Tespectively. tumber ratio of ions present in an ionic Q70. How can you differentiate between molecular formula.and empirical formula? 09201112 Ans, (Board 2014) Formula Molecular Formula It is the formula which shows the simplest |The formula which shows actual number of | whole number ratio of atoms present in’ a | atoms of each element present in a molecule of compound. that compound is called molecular formula, [. €g. Glucose has simplest ratio 1:2:1 of | e.g. Molecular formula of benzene is CoH. carbon, hydrogen and oxygen respectively. Hence its empirical formula is CH20. ae Scanned with CamScannerpos Q40, Write the chemical formulae of Aluminuri sulphate and calcium phosphate. Ans. (i) Aluminum Sulphate = Al, (SO,), (ii) Calcium Phosphate = Ca, (PO, i Q41. Define Physical properties. Give examples. oo201083 ‘Ans. The properties which are associated with the physical state of matter are called physical properties, Properties like colour, smell, taste, hardness, shapes of crystal, solubility, melting and_ boiling points etc are physical properties. Q42. What is meant by Chemical roperties? ov201084 ‘Ans. The properties which depend ‘upon the ‘ion of substance are called chemical properties. For example, decomposition of water is a chemical change because its composition changes in this process. Q43. Describe modern definition of Element. oo20108s ‘Ans, Element is a substance made up of same type of atoms, having same atomic number and it cannot be decomposed into simple, substances by ordinary chemical means. Q44. Which elements constitute major part of our body? 05201086 Ans. Six elements constitute about, 99% of our body mass. These elements are oxygen 65%, Carbon 18%. Hydrogen 10%, Nitrogen 3%, Calcium 1.5% and Phosphorus 1.5%. Q45. Which elements are present in minor quantity in our body? 09201087 Ans. Potassium, Sulphur, Magnesium and Sodium constitute 0.8% of our body mas: Whereas Copper, Zinc, Fluorine, Chlorine, Iron; Cobalt and Manganese constitute only 0.2% of our body mass. : Q46, How much water may be present in a living body? (09201088 Ans. Major part of a living body is made up of water i.e, 65% to 80% by mass. Q47, Define Molecule. Give examples. . 5201089 Ans. A molecule is formed by the chemical Combinations of atoms. It is the smallest (Board 2015) ov201082 particle of an element or compound which can exist independently and shows all the properties of that compound. For example. ‘Oxygen (O2) molecule, carbon dioxide (CO2) molecule,” Q48. What is plasma? o7201000 Ans. A collection of charged particles is called plasma, Most of Universe exists in the form of plasma, the fourth state of matter Both the cationic and anionic molecular ions are present in it. Q49. Define Monoatomic molecules. Give an example. 9201091 Ans. Molecules consisting of only one atom are called monoatomic molecules. For example: All inert gases exist independently in monoatomic form (He, Ne etc) Q50. Define diatomic imolecules and Triatomic molecules. Ans, Diatomic Molecules: Molecules consisting of two atoms are called diatomic molecules. For example, Oxygen (2), Chlorine (Cl) and Carbon monoxide (CO) ete. Triatomic Molecules: Molecules consisting of three atoms are called triatomic molecules. For example Ozone (03), Carbon dioxide (CO)) ete. Q51. Describe quantitative, definition of Mole. 09201093, Ans, Quantitative definition of mole is that the atomic mass, molecular mass or formula mass of a substance expressed:in grams. is called mole. e.g. 12g of C is one mole, 23g of ‘Na is one mole. Q52. Mole is a huge quantity of substance. Justify with examples, onn01094 ‘Ans. (i) +A’ computer counting with a speed of 10 million atoms a second would take 2 billion years to count one mole of atoms. ii) Tf one mole of marbles were spread over the surface of the Earth, our planet ‘9201092 Scanned with CamScanner| QYJ STRUCTURE OF ATOMS eI ean Scanned with CamScannerpoe How can you prove that angular momentum is quantized? Kn angular momentum (mvr) of 1* orbit is mvr = nb/ 2 By putting the values of " 1x6,63x10 ™ = =1,0x10™ kem’s! mT a g's Let angular momentum (mvt) of 2 orbit i andit.Where n= 1 mvr = nh/ 25 By putting the values of “h"and n.Where n=2 2x6 63x10" lag of $= 2.08 x10" s! more. 14 BLO kg Each orbit has its own fixed value of angular momentum as shown above, Hence, it is proved that angular momentum is quantized, I yoead. : Q46. How many maximum number of electrons can be accommodated in a p- subshell? (09202068, Ans. p-subshell can accommodate maximum six electrons. . Q47. How many subshells are there in second shell? ones Ans. There are two subshells in second shell these are ‘s’ and ‘p’ subshells, Q48. Why does an electron first fill 2p orbital and then 3s orbital? onze ‘Ans. Because the electrons fill the shells in order of their increasing level of energy, ic. lower energy level is occupied first, than the higher one level. So, 2p orbital is at lower energy level than 3s orbital. Q49. It both K and L shells of an atom are completely filled what is the total number * of electrons present in them? coment Ans. There are 10 electrons present in Kand L shells in a total. That is 2 electrons in k shell and 8 electrons in L shell. Q50. How. many electrons can be ‘accommodated in M shell? comma Ans.M shell has the capacity to Accommodate maxirium 18 electrons. Q51. What is the electronic configuration ofa hydrogen atom? * qenowns Ans. The electronic configuration of a hydrogen atom is Is!. Q52. What is atomic number of phosphorus? Write down its electronic configuration. (Board 2014) onmnos Ans. The atomic number of phosphorus is 15 and its electronic configuration. is 1s*, 25°, 2p®, 35°, 3p’. ee Q53. If an element has atomic number 13 and atomic mass 27; how many electrons are there in each atom of the element? . 09202075 Ans. There are 13 electrons present in each atom of the clement because its atomic number is 13. Q54. How many electrons will be in M shell of an atom having atomic number 15?. 09202076 Ans, There are 5 electrons present in M shell: Q55. What is maximum capacity of a shell? (Board 2017) * oom Ans, The maximum capacity of different shells can be calculated by formula 2n” where “n" represent the shell number. K shell can accommodate 2 electrons. L shell can accommodate 8 electrons. M shell dan accommodate 18 electrons. N shell can accommodate 32 electrons, Scanned with CamScannerTE line 26. Who described the concept ai Spectrum in his atomic model? (@) Rutherford (py Bohr : (©)Goldstein —(d) Chadiet aaa 27. The number of electrons that ae can accommodate is given by form a) (b)2n,—onmuus 2 (a) 3n° 28, How Many sub shells are there in a energy level or K shell? on (ayo! (b) 02 (93 (@)04 29. How many electrons can be accomm- © odated in L-shell? omaous @)2 ve (©) 18 (d) 32 30. How many electrons can be accomm: odated in Neshell? ws (a)02 (b) 08 (18 ay 31. How many electrons can be accomm: Odated in p-orbital? (Board 2018)eum114 (a) 02 OyHOe (©) 10 (d) 14 32. Electronic configuration of Boron ist (a) Is? 2s! (b) Is?, 25? esamanis (9V18?, 25°, 9p! (d) Is?, 2p! 33.Symbol for Deuterium is omrany (tH OH (©) }H @dH 34. "°C and “C are both present in nature; (a) 01% 1.9% 9202129 11% 15% 35. The Percentage of pure Bu is found in nature: . eae yop 21 9 % @ 100% 36. Wie Isotope is used for Aiagnosis of ‘i oz, lodine-131 ©) Cobat (©) P32 tal 60 5 (4) Sr.99 37. Number of electrons in our ter of chlorine is: @oard 2014) ™°St shel, (a)3 @r212, } (by4 wor 8 yw many electrons can q 38. le by K shell? (oory ol 3 (by) sy o 4 (st nucleus of an atom is ¢9, 39, Tee (Board 2014) MP Electrons ‘ & Electrons and protons ¥ (c) Electrons and neutrons (0) Protons and neutrons 5 low many’ electrons 1 meaoauted by Meher Board 2014) ‘ (a8 \lbyig (32 (4) 40 41. Who proposed quantum theory? (Board 2013) m (a) Neil Bohr (b) Dalton (©) Thomson \DYMax Pag £ 42. After gaining one electron, hia ~ atom attains the lect, configuration of Which noble gay? ‘ (Board 2015) (@) Helium (b) Neon Xo}Atgon ~*@) Krypion 43. Who discovered cathode rays? a: (a) John Dalton (Board (©) Goldstein (©) Neil Bohr \@Si? William Crooks ' Democritus was a/an Philosopher, ~ (@) Latin \$bYGreek (©) English (@) American 45. 5.7 os n was; @) English chemist (>) ltalian phitosopher Titish physi t (d) German Scientist 46. J. Thomson Was awarded the S® (a nal1906 inthe fied of: ** @) Maths \(byPhysics Woreniscy — Yr qrenmdst 4. Witham Crooks kept pressure isch: (hedlischarge tube sh i \8N10atm (b) 107m ae 10" tm pes Scanned with CamScanner6, When U-238 breaks up, it produces: | (a) Electrons (b) Neutrons eve te) Protons td) Nothing } 1. The p sub-shell hay:itioard 2016) enamy | (a) One orbital tb) Twoorbitals | (0) Three orbitals (a1) Four orbitals. 8, Deuterium is used to make: ez | (a) Light water () Heavy water (c) Soft water (i) Hard w 9. The isotope C12 is present in abundance of: eaperees (a) 969% (y) 98 9% (0) 99.7% (ad) None of these 10. Who discovered the proton? eommrene (Board 2018.14) 1b) 1.3. Thomson (dt) Rutherford (y Goldstein (c) Neil Bobr BULTIC ee} 11, The name atom was derived from the Latin word ‘Atomos’ meaning: e220 (a) Divisible () Indivisible (c) Reactive (d) Stable 12, John Dalton put forward his atomic theory in the beginning of: enmen (a) 16° century (b) 17" century (c) 18" century @ 19* century 13. In 1897, who discovered electrons in atom? oem (a) Goldstein (b) Dalton (ef. Thomson (d)William Crooks 14, Plum pudding theory was put forward by (Board 2019) or202100 2) Thomson (b) Goldstein (c) Crooks (d) Soddy 1S, Uranium has number of isotopes: (Board 2016) o202101 (at by (4 (ds 16, Canal rays were discovered by: evoz1e: Na) Goldstein (b) Thomson (©) Dalton (d) Crooks 17, How many times heavier mass of a Proton than an electron? mmnnies (a) 1480, (b) 1804 Jorisao (4) 1408 n 18. {Be4] He—ag C+, enone lp (b) gle ern (d) $He 1 . Who predicted in 1920 that some neutral particles having mass equal to that of proton are present in an atom? eomnies (a) Bohr tht Rutherford (©) Chadwick (d) Goldstein 20. Rutherford used a gold foil in his experiment, which had a thickness of; eo2nnte® (a) 0.002cm (by 0.00004em, (c) 0.0001em (4) 0.001em 21. In 1912 Neil Bohr joined for post doctoral research with: one (a) Rutherford (b) Chadwick (c) Newton (d) Goldstein 22, Who performed first experiment to split atom? onmies (a) Soddy poy Rutherford (c) Bobr (d) Newton 23, The value of Planck's constant is: 6.6310" Is connie (b) 662x109 Js (c) 6.6210" Js (d) 6.62107 Js 24, Quantum means: . enn 2S. According to Rutherford’s atomic theory, atom should produce: — e211 (a) Line spectrum {by Continuous spectrum (c) Both a & b (d) None of these ei Scanned with CamScannerQ y do the isotopes of an element have different atomic masses?" Ans, The isotopes of an element have different number of neutrons. So, they have different atomi¢ mass as atomic mass is a sum of number of protons and neutrons Q57. How many neutrons are present in C- 12 and C -13? one Ans. In C ~ 12 there are six neutrons and in C- 13 there are seven neutrons present in the nucleus, + at Q58. Which of the isotopes of hydrogen’ contains greater number of neutrons? ‘202080 Ans, Tritium isotope of hydrogen has greater number of neutrons, It has 2 neutrons. Q59. Give one example each of the use of radioactive isotope in medicine and radiotherapy, (Board 2018) en202081 Ans, A radioactive isotope used in medicine is Iodine-131. Radioactive Isotope used in Radiotherapy is P-32, S1-90 and Co-60. Q60. How is the goiter in thyroid gland detected? ono Ans. Isotope of lodine-131 is used for diagnosis of goiter in the thyroid gland. Q61. Define nuclear fission reaction, or202083 Ans, Nuclear fission is the type of nuclear reaction in which a radioactive element 1, Which one of the following results in the discovery of proton? (Board 2019) o9202067 (a) Cathode rays Canal rays (c) X-rays (4) Alpha rays 2. Which one of the following is the most penetrating? oom (a) Protons (b) Electrons Neutrons (d) Alpha particles 3. The concept of orbit was used by: eneins (a) J.J. Thomson (b) Rutherford © Bohr (d) Planck —_—_—_—_———___ Dearie Questions Ia (a neutrons. Resultantly. sotope eutrons and split ILO SOME othe Urn Bat Kg 62. When U-235 breaks up, itp,” large amount of energy. How i iy used? (Board 2015, Ans. During fission reactions ur, up inthe following way Usa —> Ba 4 + UR, During this reaction, a lange energy is released Which may ty convert water into steam in hoje steam then drives tha turbines to p. electricity Q63, How many neutrons are prod the fission reaction of U-235? i Ans, During this reaction three neuipy produced. Ut n—> Ba + SKrs An see Q64, U-235 fission produces two atoms which elements? ‘Ans. The isotopes of barium and krype: produced by the fission of U-235, QU+n—> Ba + MKredin oe 4. Which one of the following cons! three sub-shells? (Board 2017) #2 (a) O shell (b)N shell (c)L shell @Mstell 5. Which radioisotope is used ft * diagnosis of tumor in the body! fa) Cobalt-60 lodine-131 (©) Strontium.99 (toad 39) PHOCOUS-30 Scanned with CamScannercoal Q37. Do you know any element having no neutrons in its atoms? 0s Ans, The isotope of hydrogen, (Prot has no neutron, Q38. Who discovered an electron, proton and a neutron? (Board 2017) ov20200 Ans. i) Goldstein discovered positively charged particles called protons. Q39. How does electron differ from a neutron? Ans. is the negatively charged particle. | It revolves around the nucleus. omson found in an atom, the ne Tho 7 arged particles known as electrons Chadwick discovered neutron, (Board 2014) orm Iis the neutral particle, —_ a Ikis present in the nucleus. | Mass of electron is 5.486x10~ amu. Q40. Explain how anode rays are formed from the gas present in the discharge tube./ ‘What are canal rays? (Board 2019) 07202062 Ans. These “rays are produced when the cathode rays or electrons collide with the Q41. How was it proved that the whole mass of an atom is located at its centré? 202063 Ans, Rutherford investigated in his experiment that total bouncing back of few — particles made it possible to discover that nucleus is extremely small positively charged part. Il is very dense and hard. I ituated at the center of an atom and carries nearly the whole mass of an atom. Q42, How was it shown that atomic nuclei are positively charged? ones Ans, Rutherford observed in his experiment, Mass of neutron is 1.0087 amu. residual gas molecules (M) present in discharge tube and ionize them as follows M+e°-—> M' +22" The positively charged particles (M*) infact anode rays, proved that there is a center of posi charges in an atom, which is called ‘nuck which caused repulsion of positively char — particles. Q43. Name the particles which determ the mass of an atom. oom, Ans. Protons and neutrons present in nucleus determine the mass of an at These are also known as nucleons, (Board 2016, 19) that the deflection of a few 0 particles Q44, What is the classical theory of radiation? Ans, A COT According to classical theory, electrons being the charged particles should release or emit they energy continuously and ultimately fall into the nucleus, should How does it differ from quantum theory? (Board 2019) 0920206 COIN Quantum means fixed energy. It is the smallest amount of energy that can 6 emitted or absorbed as electromagnet radiation, According to this theory electro do not lose energy while me in any Particular orbit. They gain or lose eneti! ange the orbit Scanned with CamScannercoe 4g. Who was the pioneer of vacuum tubes? omsoansiae (a) Goldstein (b) William Crooks (c) Bohr (d) Rutherford 49, Number of isotopes of hydrogen is: (a2 (bys on202138, (4 (ys : 0, German physicist Max Planck won the Noble in 1918: 09202136 (a) Maths (b) Chemistry sey Physics (d) Quantum theory 51. Max planck won Noble prize for his work on the: 202137 (a) Discharge tubes jantum theory (c) Classical theory (d) None of these $2. How many electrons can be accommodated ins subshell? —_os202138 § (b) 6 (c)10 (a) 14 53, Number of electrons that can’ be accommodated in f-subshell: 99202139 (a)2 )6 (©) 10 dv14 54, Which subshells are present in L- shell? ov0ai40 wwrsp (b) Only s-subshell (c) Only p-subshell (4) d-subshell 58. How many subshells are there in M- shell? corms (a)2 by3 (c)4 ds 56. Nsshell contains number of subshells: (a) 1 yt oom2142 (3 (a4 57. M-shell has more-energy than: onmiss (a) K-shell and L-shell (c)N shell (@) All of the above . The “s" subshell has: onz02i44 ne orbital (b) Two orbitals (©) Three orbitals (d) Four orbitals 59. The “d” subshell has: enmniss (a) One orbital (by Three orbitals (ef Five orbitals. (d) Seven orbitals 60. ‘The “f" subshell has: emn0nias (a) Three orbitals. (bY Four orbitals (c) Five orbitals (a) Seven orbitals 61. An clement has § electrons in M-shell. Its atomic number is: oon (as (b)10 Ao) 15 (d) 20 62. Is’, 2s*, 2p’, 3s’, 3p* represents electronic configuration of: osz02t4s qc (b) Na. (cr (d) Na’ 63. Flectronic configuration of Neon is: A(aY Is, 2s, 2p conan (b). 182, 2s%, 5 (c) Is*, 2s?, 2p®, 382, 3p® (d) Is?, 2s%, 2p®, 3s? 64. Chlorine has isotopes: 09202150 (a) Rel (b) Fel (c) fer (dyboth a&b 65. Which isotopes ‘are used for the treatment of skin cancer? . os0st (a) P-32 (b) Sr-90 () Co-60 @yBoth a & b 66. Which isotope emits less penetrating beta radiation? eons (C14 \oyta2 (©) Todine-131 (a) Co-60 67. Which isotope emits strongly penetrating gamma rays? (a) Sr-90 (C12 SoyCo-60 (a) P-32 . 68. Which isotope is used for treatment of cancer affecting within the body? oszozis 4@.C0-60 (by C-12 (©) Sr-90 (@) Todine-131 69. Which isotope is used to monitor the bone + growth? tnreniss (a) Iodine-131 _(b) Cobalt-60 (©) Phosphores-32 (d)Téchnetium 70. Carbon-14 is used for the: onmaiss \lagCdctermination of old objects (b) Growth of Bones (©) Diagnosis of goiter (4) All of these Scanned with CamScanner 09202153poss 21, Write names of two isotopes used for the treatment of skin cancer, moos ns. 1 Phosphorous = 32 07 PAD 2}. Strontium — 90 oF $1-90 These isotopes emit less penetrating beta radiations. 24. Write use of Co-60. oss Ans. Coball-60 emits strongly penetrating gamma rays and hence used for treatment of mncer affecting within the body, Q25. Define radioa: e-isotope dating, ie Ans. The age determination of very old abjects based on the half-lives of the radioactive isotope is called radioactive isotope dating. Q26. What is meant by radio carbon dating or carbon dating? (Board 2014, 15,16) CG eoiono4s ‘Ans. This is an important method of age determination of old carbon containing objects(fossils) by measuring the radioactivity of C-14.in them is called radio- carbon dating or simply carbon dating. Q27. Write the contribution of Rutherford Science. oo202049 ‘Ans. He performed a series of experiments using alpha particles, He won the Noble Prize Chemistry in 1908, In 1911, he proposed the nuclear model of the atom and performed the first experiment to split atom. Because of his great contributions, he is considered the father of nuclear science. Q28. Write contribution of Neil Bohr in Science. 09202050 * Ans. Neil Bohr joined Rutherford in 1912 for his post doctoral research. In 1913, Bohr presented his atomic model based upon Quantum theory. He won the Noble Prize for Physics for his work on the structure of an atom in 1922. Q29. What is meant by Quantum? _ 092020s1 Ans. Quantum means fixed energy. It is the smallest amount of energy that can be emitted or absorbed: as electromagnetic radiation, Quanta is plural of quaftum.cvosrd2019 Q30. Write contribution of Max Planck. omn0ins2 ‘Ans. In 1918 Noble prize in physics was awarded to German physicist Max Planck exo) (1858-1947) for his work on the quantum theory. QML Write down the electronic configuration of sodium ‘Na’, (Hoard 2014) comin Ans, Electronic configuration of sodium Na in terms of subshells: Na 1y’,2s',2p".38" In case of shells K Lo oM 2 8 I Q32, State two uses of isotopes. (Board 2014) 09202054 Ans. i) Archaeological and geological uses: The radioactive isotopes are used to estimate the age of fossils like dead plants and animals etc. C - 14 is used for, this purpose. fi) Tracer for diagnosis and Medicine: Isotopes are used as tracers in medicine to diagnose the presence of tumor in the human body. e.g. lodine ~ 131 is used for diagnosis of goiter in thyroid gland. Q33. Complete the following equation: (Board 2014) 09202055, {Be+ jHe=———> Ans, °}Be+ }He——> C+ ,n! Q34. Write down the electronic configura- tion of ‘S’, (Board 2014) 09202056, Ans. Atomic number of $ (Sulphur) is 16 so its electronic configuration can be written as: In Subshells,S=1s", 2s, 2p, 3s°,"3p° Inshells KL M 4 28 6 Q35. Write down the electronic configura- tion of Be and Ne. (Board 2014) 09202057 Ans. i) ,Be=Is*, 2s? ii) Ne=Is?, 28°, 2p* Q36. Write down general electronic configuration of carbon family. (Board 2015) to104038 Ans. General electronic configuration of outer most shell of carbon family can be represented as: ns’, np?, Where ‘n’ represents the shell number or period number. Q36a. What is electronic configuration? (Board 201) 09204058(0) Ans. The distribution of electrons around the nucleus in various shells and subshells according to their increasing energy is called electronic configuration. —__ i Scanned with CamScanner