Facing Brick

Facing brick are intended for use in both structural and nonstructural masonry, including veneer, where

appearance is a requirement.

Hollow Brick

Hollow brick are used as either building or facing brick but have a greater void area. Most hollow brick
are used

as facing brick in anchored veneer. Hollow brick with very large cores are used in reinforced brickwork
and contain

steel reinforcement and grout.

Building Brick

Building brick are intended for use in both structural and nonstructural brickwork where appearance is
not a

requirement. Building brick are typically used as a backing material.

Thin Brick

Thin veneer brick have normal face dimensions but a reduced thickness. They are used in adhered
veneer

applications.

Paving Brick

Paving brick are intended for use as the wearing surface on clay paving systems. As such they are subject
to

pedestrian and light or heavy vehicular traffic.

Glazed Brick

Glazed brick have a ceramic glaze finish fused to the brick body. The glaze can be applied before or after
the firing

of the brick body. These brick may be used as structural or facing components in masonry.
Building bricks ASTM C62
his specification covers building bricks intended for use in structural and nonstructural masonry where
external appearance is not a requirement. The bricks are prismatic units available in a variety of sizes,
shapes, textures, and colors and are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy
substances by firing. The heat treatment should develop sufficient fired bond between material
particulates to produce a material that conforms to the required strength and durability. During
manufacture, the breaks are shaped by molding, pressing, or extrusion. Bricks are classified into grades
according to their resistance to damage by freezing when wet. All the materials should comply with the
requirements on appearance, durability, absorption alternate, freezing and thawing alternative, breakage,
cracking, weathering index alternative, strength, and initial absorption rate.

Scope
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for both structural and nonstructural masonry where
external appearance is not a requirement. The brick are prismatic units available in a variety of
sizes, shapes, textures, and colors. The specification does not cover brick intended for use as facing
units or where surface appearance is a requirement. If brick are required to have a particular color,
texture, finish, uniformity, or limits on cracks, warpage, or other imperfections detracting from the
appearance they are purchased under Specification C216. This specification does not cover brick
intended for use as paving brick (see Specification C902).
1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from
testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance
to the property requirements (Section 4) of this standard is beyond the scope of this standard.
1.3 Brick are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop
sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability
requirements of this specification (see Terminology C1232).
1.4 Brick are shaped during manufacture by molding, pressing, or extrusion, and the shaping
method is a way to describe the brick.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material.
These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as
requirements of the standard.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are
not considered standard.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized
principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of
International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
FACING BRICKS ASTM C216

Scope
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use in masonry and supplying structural or facing
components, or both, to the structure.

1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from
testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance
to the property requirements (Section 6) of this standard is beyond the scope of this standard.

1.3 The brick are prismatic units available in a variety of sizes, textures, colors, and shapes. This
specification is not intended to provide specifications for paving brick (see Specification C902).

1.4 Brick are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop a
fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of
this specification (see firing, fired bond, and incipient fusion in Terminology C43).

1.5 Brick are shaped during manufacture by molding, pressing, or extrusion, and the shaping
method is a way to describe the brick.

1.6 Three types of brick in each of two grades are covered.

HOLLOW BRICKS ASTM C652
1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire
clay, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion. Four types of hollow brick in each of two
grades and two classes are covered. In this specification the term hollow brick shall be understood
to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any plane parallel
to the surface, containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-
sectional area measured in the same plane (see 3.3). This specification does not cover brick
intended for use as paving brick (see Specification C902).

1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from
testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance
to the property requirements (Section 5) of this standard is beyond the scope of this standard.

1.3 Brick covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally
occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat
treatment shall develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the
strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See "firing" and "firing bond" in
Terminology C43.)

1.4 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile (Specifications C34 and C212) and solid
brick (Specifications C62 and C216). Hollow brick require greater shell and web thicknesses and
higher minimum compressive strength than structural clay tile, but permit greater void area and
lesser distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick. Therefore, environmental and
structural performance may be different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those
constructed of structural clay tile or solid brick.

1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material.
These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as
requirements of the standard.

1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in
parentheses are for information only
 Thin Veneer Brick Units Made from Clay or Shale
ASTM-C1088 ›

This specification covers thin veneer brick units made from clay, shale, fire clay, sand, or mixtures
thereof, and fired to incipient fusion for use in adhered or fastened veneer applications. The brick units
shall be available in both Grades Interior and Exterior of the following types: Type TBS (Standard), which
are for general masonry use; Type TBX (Select), which are produced with higher degree of precision; and
Type TBA (Architectural), which are selected to produce characteristic architectural effects resulting from
nonuniformity in size and texture of the individual units. Materials shall undergo durability, and freezing
and thawing tests and should adhere to physical property requirements such as maximum water
absorption, maximum saturation coefficient, maximum water loss, breakage, cracking, and weathering
index. Bricks should also conform to specified characteristics as to face finish, color and texture, size and
dimensions, and warpage.

1.1 This specification covers thin veneer brick units made from clay, shale, fire clay, sand, or
mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion for use in adhered or fastened veneer applications.
Three types of thin veneer brick units in each of two grades are covered. In this specification, the
term thin veneer brick shall be understood to mean clay masonry unit with a maximum thickness of
13/4 in. (44.45 mm).
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results
from testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or
nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 7) of this specification is beyond the scope of
this specification.
1.3 The brick are prismatic units available in a variety of sizes, textures, colors, and shapes. This
specification is not intended to provide specifications for paving brick (see Specification C902).
1.4 Brick covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally
occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat
treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the
strength and durability requirements of the specification. (See “firing” and “fired bond” in
Terminology C1232.)
1.5 Thin brick are shaped during manufacture by molding, pressing, or extrusion. The shaping
method is a way to describe the thin brick. Thin brick may also be cut from thicker masonry units.
1.5.1 This standard and its individual requirements shall not be used to qualify or corroborate the
performance of a masonry unit made from other materials, or made with other forming methods, or
other means of binding the materials.
1.6 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material.
These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as
requirements of the standard.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are
not considered standard.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized
principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of
International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick ASTM C902

Scope
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use as paving material subjected to pedestrian and
light vehicular traffic. The units are designed for use in pedestrian applications and vehicular areas
that are subjected to low volumes of vehicular traffic, such as residential driveways and streets and
commercial driveways (passenger drop-offs). The units are not intended to support heavy vehicular
traffic covered by Specification C1272 or for industrial applications covered by Specification C410.
Note 1--Heavy vehicular traffic is defined as high volumes of heavy vehicles (trucks having 3 or more
axles) in Specification C1272.
1.2 The property requirements of this standard apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from
testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance
to the property requirements (Section 4) of this specification is beyond the scope of this standard.
1.3 Brick are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop
sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability
requirement of this specification (see firing, fired bond and incipient fusion in Terminology C43).
1.4 The brick are available in a variety of sizes, colors, and shapes. They are available in three
classes according to exposure environment and three types according to type of traffic exposure.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
Heavy Vehicular Paving Brick ASTM C1272

Scope:
1.1 This specification covers brick intended for use as a paving material in areas with a high volume
of heavy vehicular traffic. The units are designed for use in such places as streets, commercial
driveways, and aircraft taxiways. These units are not intended for applications covered by
Specifications C410 or C902.
1.2 Units are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and
subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop
sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability
requirements of this specification (see Terminology C1232).
1.3 Brick may be shaped during manufacture by extruding, molding, or pressing. Brick may have
spacing lugs, chamfered edges, or both.
1.4 Use of this standard and the requirements herein to evaluate and corroborate the performance of
a paving unit made from other materials, or made with other forming methods, or other means of
binding the materials is not covered by the scope of this standard.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are
not considered standard.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized
principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of
International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Abstract:
This specification covers heavy vehicular paving bricks designed for use in streets, commercial
driveways, aircraft taxiways, and other places where there is a high volume of heavy vehicular traffic.
The bricks should be manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances
and subjected to firing. The high temperature heat treatment should develop sufficient fired bonds
between the material particles to produce the required strength and durability. The bricks may also
be shaped by extruding, molding, or pressing during manufacture and may have spacing lugs,
chamfered edges, or both. The materials are classified into two types according to the intended
installation and should all conform to the required values of freeze thaw resistance, abrasion
resistance, skid resistance, coring, chips or cracks, and efflorescence.
his specification covers structural clay load-bearing facing tile and facing brick and other “solid
masonry units” made from clay, shale, fire-clay, or mixtures thereof, with or without the addition of
grog or other mixtures, having a finish consisting of a ceramic glaze fused to the body at above a
certain temperature making them inseparable, excluding natural salt-glazed ware. The following
grades and types are covered: Grade S which is for use with comparatively narrow mortar joints,
Grade SS which is for use where variation of face dimension must be very small, Type I or single-
faced unit which is for general use where only one finished face will be exposed, and Type II or two-
faced unit which is for general use where two opposite finished faces will be exposed. The brick and
tile are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a
heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired
bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength requirements specified. The
masonry units are classified as solid masonry unit and hollow masonry unit. The former is a unit
whose net cross-sectional area in every plane parallel to the bearing surface is 75 % or more of its
gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane and the latter is a unit whose net cross-
sectional area in any plane parallel to the bearing surface is less than 75 % of its gross cross-
sectional area measured in the same plane. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine
the following properties: compressive strength, imperviousness, opacity, resistance to fading,
resistance to autoclave crazing, flame spread, fuel contribution, smoke density, toxic fumes,
hardness, and abrasion resistance.

Ceramic Glazed Structural Clay Facing Tile, Facing Brick, and Solid Masonry Units ASTM
C126

Scope

1.1 This specification covers structural clay load-bearing facing tile and facing brick and other “solid
masonry units” made from clay, shale, fire-clay, or mixtures thereof, with or without the addition of
grog or other mixtures, having a finish consisting of a ceramic glaze fused to the body at above
1500°F (655°C) making them inseparable, excluding natural salt-glazed ware.

1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results
from testing of brick and tile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or
nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of this standard is beyond the scope of
this specification.
1.3 Brick and tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally
occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat
treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the
strength requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232.)

1.4 Two grades and two types of ceramic glazed units are covered.

1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material.
These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as
requirements of the standard.

1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are
not considered standard.

1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test portion of this specification. This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized
principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of
International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.