Manuel S.

Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City College of Engineering

An Autonomous University

LESSON 9:
DESIGN OF MACHINE FOUNDATIONS
MEVB 312 – Vibration Engineering
3rd Year Mechanical Engineering

ENGR. DANIELLE JOSEPH H. BUBAN, RMEE

FACULTY – Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

LESSON LEARNING OUTCOMES

After the lesson, the student must be able to:
1. Discuss the design of machine foundation
2. Identify the parameters involved in the design of machine foundations
3. Solve and illustrate problems involving the design of machine foundations
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

MACHINE FOUNDATION

Many factors have to be taken into account when a foundation is designed for a
machine. In particular for rotating machinery, such as pumps, blowers or
turbines, a knowledge of the vibrational characteristics of a foundation is of
great importance..

Machine foundations are special types of foundations required for machines,

machine tools and heavy equipments which have wide range of speeds, loads
and operating conditions. These foundations are designed considering the
shocks and vibrations (dynamic forces) resulting from operation of machines.
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

MACHINE FOUNDATION

FUNCTIONS OF MACHINE FOUNDATION

1. To support the weight of the machine and to distribute the weight of the
machine and its own over a safe sub soil area.
2. To absorb the vibrations produced by the machine
3. To maintain the alignment of the machine
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

MACHINE FOUNDATION

DEFINITION:
• MONOLITH FOUNDATION - concrete foundation which is formed by
pouring the entire concrete mixture continuously at one time allowing the
structure to harden as a whole unit

• GROUTING – the process of filling a small clearance between machine

and foundation, after machine is aligned and leveled, by the using of a
special hardening mixture.
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

BLOCK TYPE

BOX TYPE

MACHINE FOUNDATION WALL TYPE

FRAME TYPE

TRAPEZOIDAL
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

MACHINE FOUNDATION
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

MACHINE FOUNDATION
DESIGN OF A MACHINE FOUNDATION
LENGTH OF THE FOUNDATION
𝐋 = 𝐋𝐁 + 𝟐𝐜

UPPER WIDTH OF THE FOUNDATION

𝐚 = 𝐰 + 𝟐𝐜

WEIGHT OF THE FOUNDATION

𝐖𝐟 = 𝟑 𝐭𝐨 𝟓 𝐭𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐬 𝐖𝐦

𝐖𝐟 = 𝐞 × 𝐖𝐞 × 𝐍
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

MACHINE FOUNDATION
DESIGN OF A MACHINE FOUNDATION
VOLUME OF THE MACHINE FOUNDATION IF THE DENSITY IS GIVEN
𝐖𝐟
𝐕𝐟 =
𝛒

VOLUME OF MACHINE FOUNDATION

𝐖𝐟
𝐕𝐟 =
𝟐𝟒𝟎𝟔

SOIL BEARING CAPACITY

𝐒𝐛 𝐖𝐦 + 𝐖𝐟
=
𝐍 𝐛𝐋
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

MACHINE FOUNDATION
DESIGN OF A MACHINE FOUNDATION
DEPTH OF THE MACHINE FOUNDATION
𝐚+𝐛
𝐕𝐟 = 𝐡𝐋
𝟐

WEIGHT OF STEEL BAR REINFORCEMENT

𝟏
𝐖𝐒𝐁 = % 𝐭𝐨 𝟏% × 𝐖𝐟
𝟐
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

MACHINE FOUNDATION
DESIGN OF A MACHINE FOUNDATION
IMPORTANT TO NOTE IN DESIGN OF MACHINE FOUNDATION:
1. Use Class A (1:2:4) mixture, that is 1 part cement, 2 parts sand and
4 parts stone.
2. Anchor bolts should be imbedded in the concrete at least 30
times the bolt diameter
3. No bolts should be less than 12 mm in diameter
4. Foundation bolts length should be at least 18 times the diameter
of the anchor bolt
5. The foundation must have a factor of safety of 5
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

MACHINE
FOUNDATION
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

MACHINE FOUNDATION
DESIGN OF A MACHINE FOUNDATION
IMPORTANT TO NOTE IN DESIGN OF MACHINE FOUNDATION:
6. The clearance of the distance of the edge of the foundation from
the bedplate must be 6 inches (120 mm) to 12 inches (300 mm) to
secure the belts imbedded in the foundation.
7. The foundation depth may be taken to be 3.2 to 4.2 times the
engine stroke; the lower factor for a well balanced multi –
cylinder engine and increased factors for engine with fewer
cylinders or on less firm soil.
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

SAMPLE PROBLEMS
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

Example 1
What is the base area of the foundation to support an engine with specific speed of
1200 rpm and weight of 9000 kg. Assume a safe bearing capacity of the soil as
47.867 kPa. Use e = 0.11
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

Example 2
If the volume of the foundation is 5 cubic feet and the density of the concrete is 160
lb/cu. ft. What is the total weight?
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

Example 3
What is the approximate weight of the engine if the weight of the machine
foundation is 35,000 kg?
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

Example 4
A machine foundation has a base dimension of 3m x 6m and has a weight of equal to
4 times the weight of the engine. Find the maximum weight of the engine id the safe
bearing pressure of the soil is 150 kPa.
 Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

Example 4
What is the length of the machine foundation if the length of the bedplate is 4m.
Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation, Lucena City
An Autonomous University College of Engineering

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