MUSREE

Term Paper
On Branding Bangladesh Through Muslin Cloth
Submitted by
Name. : Md. Shekh Farid
Dept. : Accounting and Information Systems
Section. :A
Id. : 2121141049
Submitted To
Moin Reza Nadim
Assistant Professor
Faculty Of Business Studies
Bangladesh University of Professionals

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Term paper on “Muslin Cloth”

( Business Communication & Report Writing )
Submitted to
Moin Reza Nadim
Assistant Professor
Business Communication & Report Writing
Dept. Of Accounting and Information Systems
Faculty of Business Studies
Bangladesh University of Professionals
Submitted By
Md. Shekh Farid
Group - 05
Team Omicron
Id : 2121141049
Section : A
Season : 2020-21
Dept. Of Accounting and Information Systems
Faculty of Business Studies (FBS)
Bangladesh University of Professionals
Date of Submission : 30 May 2022

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Letter Of Transmittal
Date : 31st May 2022
Moin Reza Nadim
Assistant Professor
Faculty of Business Studies
Bangladesh University of Professionals
Subject : Submission of the report on “Muslin Cloth”
Dear sir,
We take great pleasure in submitting the term paper on ―Muslin Cloth; which was approved by
you for the course Business Communication & Report Writing (ALD 1202).
This report is very much relevant to what we have learnt in this course. It truly reveals the real
essence of business and will certainly help us understand the course better.
We have tried to make this report as comprehensive as possible within the given time and we
would feel gratified if our paper serves its purposes. Therefore, we would be obliged if you could
please accept this report. Sincerely yours,
Md. Shekh Farid
Team Omicron
Name Id Signature
Tabassum Binte Mustafiz 2121141005
Al-Imran 2121141049
Md. Shekh Farid 2121141049
Kristi Rani Singha Roy Parna 2121141083
Md. Minhazul Islam 2121141133

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Acknowledgement

(All praises belongs to Almighty Allah, the most beneficent, more merciful)
We would like to take this opportunity to express our profound gratitude and deep regard to our
honorable course instructor, Assistant Professor Moin Reza Nadim, for his exemplary guidance,
valuable feedback and constant encouragement throughout the duration of the project. Hjs
valuable suggestions were of immense help throughout our project work. His perceptive
criticism kept us working to make this project in a much better way. Working under him was an
extremely knowledgeable experience for us.

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Table Of Index
Topic Sub-Sections Page
Introduction 6-7
History 7-8
Muslin in the Sixteenth Century 7
Muslin in the Seventeenth century 7
Muslin in the Eighteenth Century 8
The Fall of Muslin 8
Revival of Muslin 8-10
In search of Phuti Karpas 10-11
Kolkata to London 11
Finally that Phuti Karpas 11
Manufacturing Process 12-13
500 thread count yarn 12
Magic of Three Finger 12
At the Weaver's Door With Yarn 13
Knitting Preparation 13
Finally Woven 13
Muslin's transparency was a matter of 13-15
scandal
Muslin’s Contribution in branding of 15-16
Bangladesh
Musree 16
Mission 16
Vision 16
Requirements 16-18
Raw Materials 16-17
Climate 17
Technical skills 17-18
Senior Management 18
Marketing Strategy 18-19
Product Lifecycle 19
Pricing 19
Pricing Strategy 19
Marketing Channels 20
Benefits 20
Net Profit Analysis and Comparison of 21
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Asset
Challenges 22-23
Lack of adequate cotton 22
Lack of skilled craftsmen 22
The right weather for yarn 22
weaving
Requires a lot of time 23
High cost 23
Conclusion 24-25
Introduction

Musree the only brand which is going to do business with the most traditional product Muslin.
The name of the brand comes from the Muslin(Mus) saree(ree). So, the main product which we
are going to offer is Muslin Saree. The products of Musree will be very unique starting from 300
thread count which makes it special. The more thread count one cloth have the thinner the
product be. There is no other types of Muslin which could have more thread counts than the
Dhakai Muslin
Muslin is a type of fine fabric woven from a special type of cotton yarn. It is also known as
Dhakai Muslin. This is the product of Geographical Indication (GI) product of Bangladesh.
Muslin was made from a very thin yarn made from cotton called Phuti Karpas.

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A minimum of 300 counts of yarn was used for hand-knitted muslin, which made the muslin as
transparent as glass. This muslin was used in making royal attire. There were about 26 types of
muslin, of which jamdani is still widely used. For various reasons, muslin weaving in Bengal
ceased in the last half of the eighteenth century.
Muslin was made in the Sonargaon area of East Bengal. It is said that the garments made of
muslin were so delicate that a 50 meter long muslin cloth could be packed in a matchbox. At
that time the price of one yard of Dhaka muslin was 50 to 400 pounds, which is 6,000 to 56,000
pounds at today’s price. This muslin was 26 times more expensive than the best silk of that time.
Six Dhaka Muslin Sari were made in 2020 after six years of research under Bangladesh's Golden
Tradition Muslin Yarn Making Technology and Muslin Fabric Restoration (Phase I) project. It
may be possible to bring this sari to the market in the future. On 26 December 2020, Dhaka
Muslin was granted GI (Geographical Indication) ownership.

History
According to ancient manuscripts and printed documents, evidence of textile industry has been
found in Bengal for hundreds of years. According to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Arab
and Greek merchants traded in Egypt and Ethiopia through India and the Red Sea in the second
century. At that time, ivory, tortoise shells and rhino horns were imported in exchange for
muslin cloth. Evidence of the muslin trade is found in Barjizar, an ancient Indian port in Gujarat,
before European traders arrived in various parts of the Indian subcontinent.
Muslin was highly valued by the Romans. They used boolean and gold coins to buy muslin from
the Deccan and South India. The Romans were the first to introduce muslin in Europe, and it
gradually gained popularity.
Ma Huan, a Chinese seafarer, in her travelogue mentions five to six types of fine cloth in Bengal
in the early fifteenth century. According to Ma Huan, the muslin of Bengal was very valuable in
China at that time.
During the Mughal rule, Bengal was the hub of muslin, silk and pearl trade all over the world. In
Central Asia, muslin was called ‘daka / daka’. Cotton and silk textiles were then exported from
Bengal to Europe, Indonesia and Japan.

Muslin in the sixteenth century

In the early sixteenth century, Bengali muslins were sold in Thailand and China, according to a
Portuguese pharmaceutical writer named Thomas Pyres. Muslin was an elite garment in the
countries of the Muslim world, and was also exported throughout the Middle East and Southeast
Asia. From the sixteenth century onwards, during the Ottoman period, muslin exports to the
Middle East increased greatly. Muslin turbans gained special fame among the Ottomans. In the

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sixteenth century, the Portuguese started trading in textiles with the Indian subcontinent through
the Persian Gulf.
Muslin in the Seventeenth century
In the early seventeenth century, British and Dutch merchants set sail for the Indian subcontinent
through the Red Sea. At the same time, Iranian Armenian traders entered the Indian
subcontinent by land via Kandahar and Isfahan. They used to sell Bengali muslin and other yarn
products in Aleppo, Syria. In a government warehouse in the Istanbul market, 20 types of
muslin, old as 1840, were found, and the highest price was 1,800 silver pence. As the business
gradually expanded, European companies became interested in setting up their own factories in
Dhaka. The Dutch established their factory at Dhaka in 1663, the British in 1669 and the French
in 1682.

Muslin in Eighteenth Century

At the beginning of the eighteenth century, the Ostend Company came to do business in Bengal.
They started buying clothes through agents and their own officials. As the business started to
prosper, the people of the company started settling in Dhaka.
According to statistics, the trade value of Dhaka’s textile products (mainly muslin) in 1848 was
about 28 lac Taka.
The Fall of Muslin
After the Battle of Palashi in 1757, the British East India Company conquered Bengal and in
1855 the British Bengal Presidency was established. The British began to force the market to
open up foreign goods for colonization, at the same time Britain began to ban domestic products
and formulated various protectionist policies. Domestic goods are subject to high tariffs and the
sale of Indian goods in Britain is almost banned. The raw materials are imported to British
factories without taxes or tariffs, and after making the garments they have to be re-sold in Bengal
with high tariffs which are used to make their garments. The economic policies of the British led
to the de-industrialization of Bengal.
Some natural calamities befell Bengal between the ages of 16 and 17, with catastrophic floods
and consequent famines terrifying the public life of Bengal. In the aftermath of this catastrophe,
the emphasis was on agriculture for the survival of the famine-stricken people. The tax on grain
exports was withdrawn. As a result, people started shifting from cotton weaving to farming.
Between 1842 and 1866, the Industrial Revolution began in Britain and cotton was to be
produced locally. The muslin industry is slowly declining due to the importation of industrial
textiles from Britain. On top of this, the British colonial rulers imposed a 75% tariff on the

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cotton exports of Bengal in order to eradicate muslin. Eventually, the muslin trade in Bengal
collapsed.
Over the past few years, muslin has been returning to the market with handlooms. Muslin forms
a perfect backdrop for sari weaving in floral jamdani pattern.

Revival of Muslin
Muslin is not just a fabric. It speaks of the heritage of Bangladesh, there is no way to exclude
muslin when it comes to history. That’s why it took a team of researchers six years to regenerate
muslin. Eventually they succeeded. What a wonderful way to screw people over.

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200 Thread Count New Muslin

250 Thread Count Muslin

300 Thread Count New Muslin

The last exhibition of Dhakai muslin was held in London in 1850. 180 years later, the traditional
Dhaka muslin cloth sari was woven again in Bangladesh. Just like that, as it was said – a whole
sari melts through the ring. GI ownership of Dhaka Muslin has already been approved. A
related gazette has been published on 26 December.
Tradition has it that after the fingers of muslin artists were cut off, Dhaka muslin production
stopped. Now muslin is also made in India. But experts say that the specialty of Dhakai muslin
is different.
That is why a group of researchers set out to make Dhakai muslin. Their six years of effort and
research have paid off. Six muslin saris are made. One of the researchers gave a gift to the
Prime Minister. But in the beginning, researchers had to run from Kolkata to London to get a
piece of ‘original’ muslin cloth. The ‘footy corpus’, a cotton plant made of muslin woven yarn,
has been discovered using a variety of methods. Even in this age of mechanical civilization,
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weavers had to use 500 counts of yarn cut by hand to make this sari. The cloth is also woven in
the handloom.
During a visit to the Ministry of Textiles and Jute in October 2014, Prime Minister Sheikh
Hasina spoke of bringing back the tradition of muslin. Knowing in which areas of Bangladesh
muslin yarn was made, he instructed to rescue the technology. In order to implement this
directive of the Prime Minister, a seven-member expert committee was formed by convening the
Chairman of the Weaving Board in Bangladesh. The other members of the committee is
Professor of Botany, Rajshahi University. Manzur Hossain, Professor Shah Alimuzzaman of
Bangladesh Textile University, Md. Akhtaruzzaman, Additional Director of Bangladesh Cotton
Development Board, Mahbub-ul-Alam, General Manager of BTMC Dhaka, ASM Golam
Mostafa, Deputy General Manager of Bangladesh Weaving Board and Member Secretary of the
Weaving Board. To Manjurul Islam. Later, seven more members were added to the committee
for research purposes. They are Dhaka University Professor Bulban Osman, Rajshahi University
Botany Professor M Firoz Alam, Agronomy and Agril Professor. Mostafizur Rahman,
Bangladesh Weaving Board Chief Planning Officer. Ayub Ali and Bangladesh Silk Research
and Training Institute Rajshahi research officer Abdul Alim.
At the beginning of the work, the researchers did not have any samples of muslin cloth or cotton.
Their first task was to cut the yarn from cotton and weave muslin sari, to find the cotton plant.
To accomplish this, a project titled ‘Bangladesh’s Golden Heritage Muslin Yarn Making
Technology and Muslin Fabric Recovery (Phase I)’ was undertaken. The main scientist of the
project is Professor of Botany, Rajshahi University. To Manzoor Hossain. The project director
was appointed chief planning officer of the Weaving Board in Bangladesh Ayub Ali.
At the beginning of the work, the researchers did not have any samples of muslin cloth or
cotton. Their first task was to cut the yarn from cotton and weave muslin sari, to find the cotton
plant. Muslin cloth was needed again to make sure that the tree was a real footy corpus.
Achieving these two things becomes the main challenge of this project.
In Search of Phuti Karpas
The chief scientist of the project. Manzoor Hossain said that the main task of his team was to
find out the DNA sequence of his yarn and match it with the DNA of the footy cotton plant. But
there is no pattern of muslin cloth in hand, no sign of footy corpus. There were only books like
‘Spice Planteram’ written by Swedish researcher Carolus Linnaeus and ‘Dhakai Muslin’ by
Abdul Karim. In his book, Carolus Linnaeus, it is mentioned that ‘footy corpus’ is suitable for
weaving muslin cloth. It is written that this tree was cultivated in East India and Bangladesh.
Professor Manzoor Hossain said the footy corpus has the potential to survive somewhere in
Bangladesh in the wild. Based on this idea, it is planned to collect cotton varieties found in the
wild in different parts of Bangladesh, cultivate them in their own research fields and test them.
To find the tree, a picture was first drawn by an art student of Rajshahi University. That picture
was advertised in the newspaper. Is broadcast on BTV. Meanwhile, State Minister for Foreign

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Affairs Shahriar Alam gave a status on his Facebook. Seeing this, the principal of a college in
Kapasia area of Gazipur. Tajuddin distributed leaflets and miked at various local schools and
colleges in search of Phuti Karpas. In view of this, news of this tree came from Kapasia and
Rangamati of Gazipur in March 2016. Researchers go and collect samples. Then Baghaichhari,
Sajek and Langdu of Rangamati; A total of 36 samples were collected from Bagerhat,
Lalmonirhat and Kurigram. Cotton, seeds, leaves, stems and flowers are taken as samples.
Researchers have found similarities between a species of Kapasia and a sketch. This variety of
potential footy corpus is cultivated in the field of Botany of Rajshahi University and in the field
of IIBSC.
Kolkata to London
Similarly, an advertisement was published in Prothom Alo on 11 December 2016 to procure
muslin cloth from local sources. Then they got about two thousand phones. Samples of 8
fabrics are available from different parts of the country. The research team also found a sari 300
years ago while collecting samples. Examination later showed that it was actually an old silk
cloth.
Not finding any muslin samples from any other source in the country, they approached the
National Museum authorities. The researchers needed a four-by-four-inch piece of covered
muslin cloth. But the museum was not giving them any samples. Even after getting permission
from the ministry, the museum authorities did not give them samples of muslin. The research
team spent about eight months hoping for samples from the National Museum. At one point they
went to the National Museum of India in Calcutta to collect samples of muslin. Experts at the
museum say the muslin sari now being made in Murshidabad is made from cotton grown in
South India, which is not as soft as Dhakai muslin. According to them, in order to make Dhaka
muslin, one has to find the variety from the vicinity of Dhaka and use that cotton in that area.
Cotton varieties and weather have a special role in making muslin. If you want, you can’t make
sari like Dhaka muslin anywhere.
After going to India, the research team was disappointed. Professor Manzoor Hossain said that
after hearing this news, the Prime Minister asked them to visit the Victoria and Albert Museum
in London. He has seen Dhaka muslin there. Finally, in July 2016, a four-member team,
including three members of the committee, visited the museum in London for a sample of
muslin. There they found samples of muslin cloth and important information.
After going to India, the research team was disappointed. Professor Manzoor Hossain said that
after hearing this news, the Prime Minister asked them to visit the Victoria and Albert Museum
in London. He has seen Dhaka muslin there. Finally, in July 2016, a four-member team,
including three members of the committee, visited the museum in London for a sample of
muslin. There they found samples of muslin cloth and important information.
Finally that Phuti Karpas

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DNA sequences of muslin cloth collected from London were extracted. Researchers eventually
found the DNA of this muslin to be similar to that of a previously collected cottonseed plant.
They are convinced that this is the ‘Phuty Karpas’ of their desired variety. A local man named
Abdul Aziz found the corpse. He was gladly given a mobile phone by the committee.

Manufacturing Process
500 thread count yarn
Counting is obtained by dividing the length of yarn by the number of grams of yarn weighed one
kilometer. For example, if the weight of a yarn of 1000 meters length is 2 grams, then dividing
1000 meters by 2 gives 500. This quotient is considered a count. Muslin cloth was usually
woven with 500 counts of yarn. A sari requires 140 to 150 grams of yarn. The trained spinners
of this project can now cut one gram of yarn in five days. This means that if one were to cut
muslin yarn at this speed, it would take him about two years to make yarn for a sari.
Making 500 counts of yarn from cotton is not a small task. This yarn will not be in modern
machinery, it will have to be cut in a spinning wheel. Manjurul Islam, member secretary of the
committee and senior instructor of the weaving board, led the work of making yarn. This time
the search begins where the weavers still spin the spinning wheel. The news comes that these
weavers are still in Chandina of Comilla. They cut thick yarn in a wheel for khaddar. However,
that yarn does not come to the size of the count. It can be a maximum of eight to ten counts. Yet
researchers rushed there. They think that it is possible that one of their ancestors cut the muslin
yarn. After wandering around for a long time, they found Hasu and Nurjahan, two old women in
their eighties. They say that their ancestors used to cut muslin yarn. They also have memories
of fine yarn in their childhood. Finding them, the research team saw the light of hope at the end
of the tunnel. But they can’t cut the yarn now.
Manjurul Islam said that in the end they decided to work with the fat spinners of Khaddar. Five
of them divided into eight groups. Each team competed to make the yarn thinner. The team is
formed again with the best of each team. In this way, it took them two years to come up with the
best six. All six have become trainers. It took only six months for one of them to teach 11
others. They are working with the goal of creating 100 such people.
Manjurul Islam and Dean of Textile University Professor Alimuzzaman made a new spinning
wheel.
Magic of Three Finger
Thinning is actually the magic of three fingers. We had to figure out how to get rid of cotton
with three fingers. And this yarn is the finest on the fingers of women. All three fingers need to
be kept as soft as possible. At first their fingers were stiff. There was no feeling. Later they had
to undergo finger treatment. In the evening the lotion was applied on three fingers and the yarn

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was cut in the morning. And all three fingers have to take care of all the time. So that these
three fingers do not get scratched or they do not cut any other thing with these three fingers.
When he went to work again, his fingers would get sweaty, then he would bring him back to
normal with powder. Concentration has been created with their training on how much yarn they
will leave in a gap of four. Attempts have been made to increase their attention. It’s a big deal.
Because, it has no mechanical size. It is necessary to control the amount of yarn release with the
rotation of the wheel through full attention.

At the Weaver's Door With Yarn

Manjurul Islam said, ‘There was a belief that Jamdani was made in our country. Jamdani takes
150 counts of yarn. Jamdani is actually inferior muslin. I was optimistic about this but in reality
it turned out that we went to the weavers’ door with 300 counts of yarn. They say it’s not
possible. Khamakha is going around with these. But we did not give up. At one stage we got
that desired weaver in Narayanganj. They are Rubel Mia and Md. Ibrahim.
Knitting Preparation
Thin yarn. Starch was needed to prevent erosion from friction, but conventional starch was not
working. At one stage, they were able to work using starch by feeding thin paddy. Once again,
it is torn with starch and it gets torn again and again. How to do it will not tear. That too was
taken out. It was dried. Even if you go to fill the bobbin, it breaks again and again. Every step
has to be rediscovered. The same goes for making pulls.
In order for the bobbin to rotate easily in the beam, the structural aspect has to be adjusted. This
thin thread had to be wrapped and twisted into beams. Due to the thin thread, the thread gets
torn as soon as it touches the finger. Half an hour’s work had to be done for four hours. It is
neither too cold nor too hot. The loom is placed in a hole in the ground. Muslin has a
relationship with soil moisture. Water had to be kept in buckets to prevent the yarn from tearing
repeatedly.

Finally Woven
These two weavers also had to give a lot of technical training step by step in weaving cloth. At
first a loom was made. Later three have been made. It was on this loom that Rubel and Ibrahim
saw the design of the sari woven in 1810 and weaved exactly one sari.
The Victoria and Albert Museum in London has about three and a half hundred Dhaka muslin
sarees. There is that saree woven in 1810. In the first stage, it cost 3 lakh 60 thousand rupees to
make the saree. Researchers expect that these costs will continue to decrease gradually. They
have already made a total of six sarees. A saree has been given as a gift to the Prime Minister.
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Project Director Ayub Ali hopes that within the next two years, it will be possible to bring this
saree to the public market.
Project officials said the total cost of the project was estimated at Tk 14 crore 10 lakh.
Extensive travel in six years, Kolkata-London has cost around 4 crore 25 lakh tk. The remaining
80 per cent of the allocation has been returned to the government.

Muslin's transparency was a matter of scandal

A new fashion began in eighteenth-century Europe – one that gave birth to an international
scandal. A whole section of the society was accused of appearing naked in public
The thing responsible for this was Dhakai muslin – a kind of expensive cloth – which came from
the city of Dhaka in the then colonial Indian state of Bengal – which is the capital of present day
Bangladesh.
Muslin sari is still made in Bangladesh – called Jamdani – but there are many differences
between modern muslin and that ancient muslin. Muslin used to be made in a complex process of
16 steps. It used a rare variety of cotton yarn. That cotton grows on the banks of the river
Meghna.
In those days muslin had the same status as Dhanratna. And Dhaka muslin was respected all
over the world.That reputation was built for thousands of years. In ancient Greece, muslin was
thought to be the most suitable material for wearing idols. This muslin was worn by the kings of
many distant kingdoms. And in the Mughal dynasty of India, muslin clothes were worn for
many generations.
There were many types of muslin even in that era. However, the royal poets used to give various
names praising the most delicate and expensive muslin. One name was ‘Bafat Hawa’ – meaning
‘cloth woven with wind’.
As the name implies, these high-grade muslin was as light and soft as air.
One traveler described that the 300-foot-long (91-meter) piece of muslin was so soft when rolled
that it would melt through a ring. Another wrote that an 80-foot-long muslin could be folded
into a snuff box.
On top of that – Dhakai muslin was absolutely transparent.

Traditionally, sari and men’s clothes were made from this very expensive cloth. But after the
arrival of this muslin in Britain, it changed the style of dress of the rich people of the society.
Among them, a kind of light long type of ‘shamiz-gown’ became popular – which was
considered as underwear in many previous eras.
An artist by the name of Isaac Cruikshank became popular for drawing satirical pictures at that
time. She has a print entitled “Women of Paris in Winter 1800”. It shows some women wearing
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brightly colored long-sleeved muslin robes. The clothes are so transparent that their buttocks,
nipples, and even their genital hair can be seen.
Even after that, Dhaka muslin was a ‘hit’ garment – of course for those who had the money to
buy it.
Muslin was the most expensive garment of that era. Famous fans included Queen Marie
Antoinette of France, French Empress Josephine Bonaparte, and English writer Jane Austen.
But just as muslin suddenly made a splash in the Europe of the Enlightenment, it suddenly
disappeared again.
In the early twentieth century, Dhaka muslin disappeared from the face of the earth.
Some of his surviving specimens have been housed in European museums, or in valuable
personal collections.
The complex process of weaving muslin was also forgotten by the people at one time.
Not only that – a special type of cotton called “footy corpus” which was used to make muslin –
suddenly became extinct.
The botanical name for this footy corpus was Gossipium arboretum var Neglecta. Muslin would
not be made with any other cotton without it.

Muslin’s Contribution in branding of Bangladesh

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Muslin Night Fashion Show
Dhakai Muslin is the lost glory and tradition of Bengal. No one expected Muslin to return.
Because in the last two and a half hundred years, its existence has not been found anywhere
except in museums. But to everyone’s surprise, a team of researchers brought back Dhaka
muslin after a six-year effort. Really good news for the nation. I think the good news is like the
sunrise!After the Battle of palashi, the muslin industry was destroyed by the Industrial
Revolution and the British conspiracy. In order to prevent muslin from being woven, the English
cut off the fingers of the artisans. The muslin designed then was called Jamdani. Jamdani is
very much appreciated by women nowadays. There is no woman who does not have a Jamdani
sari in her house. However, this jamdani has changed a lot. There is no comparison with the
previous muslin jamdani. Of course it is true, Dhakai Jamdani is carrying the muslin tradition
now.
Revival of Muslin will contribute a lot in branding of Bangladesh. The world will newly Know
the Dhakai Muslin the Bangladesh. It’s a great success of Bangladesh. Hardly there is anyone
who doesn’t know the story,” Once upon a time there was a cloth which can be passing through a
ring” “A saree can be placed in a match box” “a legendary cloth” “The Dhakai Muslin”.
Bangladesh is famous for it’s Ready Made Garments (RMG) sector. Including USA, Germany
and many other countries import Clothes from Bangladesh. So, Already Bangladesh have a good
reputation for it’s fabrics,clothes and the Muslin will multiple the reputation in international
market as well as globally.

MUSREE
Mission
To be a responsible organization in all sectors of the business. To be a billion dollars company
by ensuring quality, efficiency, creativity and innovation.
Vision
To exceed the customers  expectations on quality and become the biggest muslin manufacturing
company by continuous improvement and customer interaction.

Requirements
Raw Materials

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The cotton plant used in Dhakai muslin grows on the soil near the banks of the river Meghna.
The Meghna is one of the largest rivers in the Ganges basin.Its leaves look a lot like maple. Each
spring the tree grows on gray silt, and the adult tree has yellow daffodil-like flowers twice a year.
Snow-white cotton was obtained from that flower.This cotton is no ordinary cotton.About 90
percent of the world's cotton is now produced by Gossypium hirsutum from Central America. Its
scales are slender and long in shape.But the yarn from the footy corpus is shorter and thicker,
and its fibers loosen easily.
Listening to this description, it may seem that this cotton is not useful. In fact, it was not suitable
for weaving cheap cloth using this cotton machine with small fibers. It is difficult to work by
hand, it can be easily torn when twisted to make yarn. But the locals made this cotton suitable for
weaving cloth – using some of their own methods.
Climate
The Bengali word muslin comes from ‘Mosul’. One of the most famous business centers in Iraq
is Mosul. This Mosul also used to make very fine cloth. Combining these musl and fine fabrics,
the English named the fine fabric ‘muslin’. However, in the history of Bengal, ‘muslin’ refers to
a very fine kind of cloth produced in and around Dhaka at that time. This fine muslin cloth was
made from the cotton of the tree called Futi corpus. Muslin cotton was different from other
varieties. And in the case of weaving muslin cloth, the environment was a very important
regulator in every case of making yarn from cotton and weaving cloth with yarn. Humidity in
cold and cold weather is quite suitable for cutting muslin yarn. As a result, the climate of
temperate Bengal was quite conducive for weaving muslin cloth.

Technical skills
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There are 16 steps in the whole process.
That technique is so special that only people from another village near Dhaka knew how to do it.
It was attended by all the boys and old men and women of the village.
At first, the cotton balls were cleaned with boiled fish teeth – a giant fish that was then found in
rivers or beels in the area.
After that the cotton is turned into yarn with a spinning wheel. Since the cotton fibers are small,
high humidity in the air is required to make them longer. This was done on boats, in the morning
or in the evening when the humidity was high. Skilled young women used to cut the wheel.
Because the thread was so fine that older people could not see it.
Designer historian Sonia Ashmore, who wrote a book on muslin in 2012, said:
After that, the real work is to weave cloth with that yarn.
This process can sometimes take months. This is because the special geometric floral designs on
muslin cloth were added directly to the fabric.
The technique used was similar to the design of royal cloth in medieval Europe. The fabric that
was made of it looked like a fine work of art made on the surface of thousands of silk-silver
threads.
Western buyers at that time could not believe that Dhaka muslin was woven by human hands.
There were rumors that this muslin was woven by mermaids, fairies or ghosts.
“Muslin was so soft and so light that it could not be compared to any other fabric of the age,”
said Ruby Ghaznavi, vice president of the National Craft Council of Bangladesh.
The real achievement of muslin weavers was the fineness of its weaving – how its craftsmen
were able to make such fine knitted fabrics.
This calculation is called thread count – that is, how many yarns are used per square inch of
fabric per length and horizontally.
Saiful Islam is leading a project to revive Dhaka muslin. He explains, “The muslin that is made
nowadays has a thread count of 40 to 60 in most cases. For example, 60 thread count generally
means that there are approximately 70 threads per square inch of fabric per square inch.”
“But in the Dhaka muslin of that era, the thread count was between 800 and 1200,” he says.
So much thread count means that the fabric would be extremely soft and durable.
Although the Dhaka muslin we are talking about has become extinct more than a century ago –
old muslin saris, veils, or other garments can be found in museums in many countries. At high-
level auctions like Christie’s or Bonhams, one or two such muslins are sometimes spotted – and
are sold for thousands of pounds.

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Senior Management
Senior managers plan and direct a group of individuals within an organization or department.
The role of a senior manager is to supervise those individuals to ensure that business operations
are running efficiently and that each individual’s performance meets company and industry
standards.It includes purchasing, materials management, production and quality
Management.Purchasing can be measured by materials cost, availability. Materials management
can be measured by inventory Costs, stockouts, customer service levels. Production measures by
on time delivery, cost variances and labor Efficiency. Quality management can be done by set
reject levels, rework Costs and quality Assurance costs.

Marketing Strategy
First step of developing a strategic marketing plan is to organize a session with staff then we can
develop the overall marketing goals, in the 3rd step which is Target Market we will Target the
luxury product market because it’s a most expensive and luxurious product. We will give
preference to the 25 Years to 39 years old people. In many survey it have been founded that this
ages people use more expensive and premium products. Premium products instantly influenced
the customer to buy a product. So, the luxurious products are easier to sell bt difficult to present.
Presentation of luxurious product is the half of selling this kind of products. So, the presentation
strategy of this product will be glorious. Now the turn of Advertising media. We will organize tv
show on our products and we will organize fair to present our products and we will do tv ad of
10 second highly resoluted glorious ad so that people can feel it is how much premium. And we
will provide the opportunity to feedback us and we also will conduct surveys to understand more
needs and demands so that we can do better research and development.

Product Lifecycle
Although it’s a modified idea. But it was extinct for around 200 years and now it’s revive. In the
very first year we will make a plan to develop and produced our products this may it will help us
to do better in this sector and this is a introduction stage so there will be a little profit. But we
will invest a lot in advertising so that people can know about it as soon as possible and as there is
no competitor also it have a well-known imaged so we can reach the growth stage in the 2nd year.
We are expecting a very long time in the growth stage. And there are many reasons that may this
product would get popularity. The highest amount of profit can be gained by this product.
Actually quality is the measurement scale of a product and marketing is the measurement scale
of a products lifecycle and we are committed to our quality of our products. By ensuring the
quality we will properly make our customers satisfied. And we will properly use the marketing
media to present our products in front of people. We will make people aware of our products
quality, stability through marketing.

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Competitive pricing Strategy is also a strategy of our business to expand the organization and
making proper brand.

Pricing
We use a unique strategy to run this business as this unique product. We will produce less and
create demands more. So that always there will be hurry in buying our products. Always there
will be demand for our products. So, we will use demand Oriented Pricing. It somehow seems
like a lottery, many people have demand and a few can buy it.
Actually there is a trend that premium products have premium pricing. So, we will set the
premium price bt competitively so that it can great more demands compared to others’.
There have many clothes which is of 500$ to 100,000$ but our products price will be between
500$ to 1500$. By spending this Money one can get a better quality, premium, traditional, stylish
and rare cloth.

Pricing Strategy
We prefer price Skimming. This may when a product we will released it will have the highest
price. Then day by day it will be decreased. Due to it’s low production people will try to buy it
before it got stockouts so they would buy it in higher price rather than waiting for the lower
price.
Always we will try to keep maintain a huge amount of need, want and demand.So, that in any
situations our organization can gain the higher amount of profits and profit is the motivation of a
business.

Marketing Channel
Nowadays there are lots of intermediaries this may consumers
have to get a product in higher price and producer gets lower
price and the difference between this two takes the
intermediaries. Peoples now believed that they would get it
cheaper if they could take it from producer as well as better
qualities. So, our business marketing Channels will be Direct To
Customers. We will sell our products to the customer through
website, e-commerce site ,showroom and fashion house. There
are some advantages of it-
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• More than 50% of consumers opt to visit brand websites
(rather than retailer website) because they offer more
comprehensive information and guide.
• 78% of DTC brands increased their marketing budget
compared to 60% of traditional retailers.
• 40% of consumers expect that more than 40% of their
spending will go toward direct-to-consumer brands in the
next five years.
• 55% of consumers prefer to buy directly from brands rather
than multi-brand retailers.

Benefits:
• Higher customer lifetime value
• Better relationship with customers.
•customers prefer buying direct
• Control over messaging, brand, data and reputation.
Net Profit Analysis and Comparison of Assets

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It’s expecting in the 1st,2nd and 3rd year of business Musree can
achieved profit of 5,130,000 BDT, 14,280,000 BDT and
33,000,000 BDT simultaneously and the amount of assets of
these 3 year will be accordingly 206,500,000 BDT, 220,500,000
BDT and 228,000,000 BDT.
Profit of a business motivates the shareholders and directors to
achieve more and more profit and there continuously the
business is gaining profit in a good ratio and amount of assets is
also increasing.
The short term intention of a business is to gain profit and the
long term intention of a business is to increase the amount of
assets. Both the short and long term intention of business is
achieved by the organization. So, the Muslin Cloth business can
be a very successful business and by going to international
market it can be a billion dollars business.

Challenges
 Lack of adequate cotton
We know that Dhaka Muslin stopped being made in this country
about 170 years ago for various reasons. The last exhibition of
Dhaka Muslin was in London in 1850. As a result, footy carpus
(Gossypium arboreum var. neglecta) which could be cultivated
only in the riverine lands of Bangladesh is now on the verge of
extinction.
 Lack of skilled craftsmen

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Muslin production is complex and it requires skill. It goes
without saying that there have been no Muslin artisans in this
country since the extinction of Muslin cloth. Now, in our
country there are only Jamdani craftsmen. Jamdani is another
form of Muslin. At present, the craftsmen of our country are
accustomed to make 40-80 thread count’s Jamdani sarees
whereas Dhaka Muslin was made of 700-1200 thread count.
Apart from that, there are more than 16 yarn cutting processes
for Muslin that require a lot of skill.
 The right weather for yarn weaving
The process of cutting yarn from footy cotton is delicate and
different. It requires humid weather which is neither hot nor cold
and dawn was the perfect time. Because the air humidity
decreases as the day progresses. In ancient times, it is said that
girls used to go to the middle of the river by boat at dawn to cut
the yarn.

 Requires a lot of time

Making Dhaka Muslin is a time- consuming process. It usually
takes 6 to 7 months and sometimes more than that time to make
a saree.
 High cost
Muslin clothes cost a little more. Because they are entirely
handmade and the process of making Muslin clothes is difficult
and delicate. More than 50 tools are used only to make the

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Muslin weaver’s ‘Shana’ (ultra fine-toothed reed comb) from a
dense bamboo called ‘Mahal’.
Initiatives to Overcome such Challenges:
In order to increase production, the Government has already
taken initiatives to cultivate footy cotton in the field of Botany
of RajShahi University and in the field of IBSC. At present a
large quantity of cotton is being produced commercially.
Government has also taken some initiatives to skill the
craftsmen. Government has arranged various training sessions
for the artisans and technical training for the weavers.
Scientists are now able to create an artificially suitable
environment and temperature to cut yarn for Muslin fabrics.
Lastly, we hope that when production and sales will increase the
price will naturally decrease.

Conclusion
Muslin. It was the gossamer of the East.
A cloth so fine that at various times in recorded history it was
described as ‘woven air’ and ‘the skin of the moon’. The
Mughals called it ‘mul-mul’.

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Six yards of muslin cloth could be fitted into a matchbox, sixty
yards would fit inside the shell of a coconut, a pound of this yarn
could be stretched for 250 miles.
The origins of muslin cloth are a thousand years old.
Historically recognized as a unique hand-woven cotton fabric of
legendary lightness and distinctive motifs, the cloth was made
from delicate hand-spun yarn which was produced from a cotton
plant (Gossypium Arboreum Var. Neglecta, locally called ‘phuti
karpas’) that grew exclusively along the banks of a certain
stretch of the Brahmaputra/Meghna river.
In 2013, Drik Picture Library, Dhaka, Bangladesh
(www.drik.com) was approached by Stepney Trust in the UK to
bring their exhibition on muslin (Bengal to Britain) to
Bangladesh.
Saiful Islam agreed to the proposal and the project, Bengal
Muslin (BM), was subsequently formed with team members
from Drik as well as some external advisers.
Musree’s goals is to explore, reproduce and reveal muslin’s
history and craft, its contribution and the impact that the fabric
had on our culture and commerce and eventually our national
identity.

Musree has not stopped at exploring the past and creating

awareness of muslin’s many faceted past. Instead it investigates
the potential revival of a fabric that was used and treasured by
Mughal and European courts, with a view to giving our weavers
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a sustainable future by placing it within a contemporary design
setting.
There are numerous myths, many owners and a large variety of
muslin cloth that exists to this day but allow us to lead you
through the real story about this unique fabric from Bangladesh.
The focus of Musree is on the dissemination the story of Dhakai
Muslin. This may people can understand there is how much
importance of Dhakai Muslin in our tradition.
Dhakai Muslin become a GI product of Bangladesh so it’s
possible to brand Bangladesh through international business of
Dhakai Muslin.
Musree is also planning of making more weavers expert in
weaving Muslin. The more weavers will know how to weave
Muslin the more muslin can be produce. The more muslin we
can produce the more profits we can gain which can contribute
in GDP as well as Branding Bangladesh

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