Incubation – prodromal – invasion - convalescence

Antiviral
Neuraminidase inhibitor – active antiviral medications that bind to the outside of a virus to
prevent the release of new viral microbes - often treatment of Influenza

Overview of antivirals

Most antiviral works by inhibiting viral replication, unlike vaccination

In antiviral therapy, viruses make use of native cell machinery, limiting pharmacotherapy
options

To avoid creating an environment for drug-resistant viruses, antivirus cannot act partially

Care consideration

Antivirals do not stop a patient from transmitting a virus. They stay contagious until the infection
is resolved

Renal insufficiency or dehydration can lead to nephrotoxicity when taking some antiviral like
acyclovir.

Fungal
Polyene : Antifungals that increase the permeability of fungal cells in order to nullify their effect
on the body. Polyenes are used in the treatment of strong fungal infections, including infections that
spread to the bloodstream.

Azole : Antifungals that act by inhibiting the ergosterol production in fungal cells. Azole are used
against both systemic and superficial infections.

Antimetabolite:

Echinocandins :

Summary

Antifungals act on fungi in fungicidal and fungistatic ways

Azole Antifungals target ergosterol synthesis to break down fungal cell membranes.
Care consideration

It is important to ensure proper hydration and take renal or liver issues into consideration

Patients with hear conditions or arrhythimia should be monitored when taking antifungals

Cross reactivity

A patient with penicillin allergy could be at risk for reactions to similar medications such as
cephalosporins, which a similar beta-lactam ring to penicillin. This is not guaranteed to cause a reaction
but precaution need