.. . . .. . ..

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s. Kuhn , The Structure of &ientific

University of Chicago

ISBN

zpup@pup.pku.edu.cn

l 240mm

'
 of Science)
Philosophy of Science and of Technology
.2
book)

1 •
 Fellow of the 50-
Fellows of Harvard

lene

A. Chain 0/
Being)

(3 vo\s; Paris , 1939);

Emile Meyerson , ldentity and . Kate loewenberg (N. Y. , 1930); Helene
en Franæ du debut du xvUe a la fin du XVIIJe siecle
(Paris , Newton , et (Paris , 1930); and
Die im 14 Jahrhundert " der
1949).

The s Conception of
Les notwns de lTIOuvement et de chez l' enfant (Paris ,
1946) .

.2
 ..

(The Quest for

Physical

B. and Reality -
Selected Writings 0/ Lee Who if (N 1956); of Em-
a Logical Point 0/ View
1953) pp.20-46.

3.
 x

(Encyclopedia of

.4
5 •
 nii

T. S. Kuhn , The Planetary Astronomy in the

1957) , pp. 122 - 132 , 270 -

" Conseroation of Energy of

, .. Critical of ed.
Wis. , 1959) , pp. for the WOIX of Archives
247 -
Cargnard ul (1961) , 567 -

.6
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K. Feyer-
abend)
H . Pierre L.

7.
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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..…….. . . . . . . . ..…. (2 1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..….. ............ ............ ...... (32)
. . . . . . ..…….. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 40 )
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..……. (48)
. . . . . . ..….. . . . . . . . ..………. (6 1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..…. (7 1)
. . . . . . ..…. ...... ......... (85)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..….. (1 01)
...... ...... ...... ............ ...... ...... ...... ............ ............ (123)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..….. ...... ...... (1 30)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..….. (1 44)
............................….. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..….. (1 56)

oonynuJ

4HJ·
 ..

1 •
 2

Caloric

.2
4

3.
.6. inconunensurable

.4
6

5.
 7

.6
8

..

(Context of Discovery (Context of Justi-

9

7 •
.8
10

9.
 11

12

• 10
13

The HiJ tory and Presenl Discoveries

and Colours (Lmdon. 1772). pp. 385 - 390.
Vasco Ronchi. HiJ toire de , trans , (Paris.
1- lV.

11.
 14

• 12
 (

15

H. D. Roller , The Concep.t of Electric

Clwrge: Electricity (" Harvan:l
Sci ence," 1954; 1. and An
lnquiry into Sp.eculative Newtonian Exp.eri T1lOlta l s Work in Electricity
1956) , , vii -

S.
Function in Scientific in A. C. (00.) ,
on the History of Science , July9-15 ,
Books,

13 •
 16

• 14
17

Bacon, Nuuum
R. L. D. D. The Works 01 Francis vol. VlII, pp.
179-203.

Cl aget! , Giovanni Marlùmi and

Late Medïeval Phys icJ (N. Y. ,

15 •
 ception)

den

18

• 16
19

17 •
 20

Max Benjamin Franklin' s Memoirs pp

384-

C. "The and the Jacobin

of Science: A Study in " Critical Problerns in the History

0/ (ed.) , (Madison , Wis. , 1959) , pp.25S - For-

of s , Archives d'
XXXVII

• 18
21

19.
 22

66- C. d Estimalion of
8Il the Eigh-
teenth Centwy" , Annals 01 1 Hoppe , Geschichte der
1984) ,

.20
 ,

23

21 •
 M

25

Benuud Scientists 10 Scientific Science ,

CXXXIV (1 96 1),

.22
26

O.
l.awrence)

23 •
 NASA Conference on Expet-
imental of Relativity" , Physics , XIV(t96I) , 42 - 48.
Wolf , A History 0/ Science ,
Philosophy in the Eighteenth Century (2d 00. ; London ,
R. 0/ 1958) , pp. 102 ,
- L. mesurer
la la lumiere air et les de la lumiere
air et dans des sciences , XXX
551 - c. L. Cowan , Jr. , et al. , "Detection A Con-
finnation" , 1956) ,

.24
28

J. H. .. Gravitation and Density

Britannica ;
385 - 389.

25 •
A.
op

29

Physical Treatises 0/ Pascal

Duane H. D. Roller , The Development 0/ the Concept 0/ Electric

Charge: Electricity from the Greeks to Co ulomb (
8; pp. 66-80.
Function of in Modem Physical
IsM , ul (1 961) , 161 - 193.

.26
30

Ca Joric Adiahatic Coo1pression" , /sis , XLIX (I 958) ,

132 - 140

27 •
 31

( c. .. A toward Rational of the Af!!ð

of Reason" , Archive /or Hislory 0/ the Exact Sciences , 1 of
Lrte to Conjecture , Enor , 8IId Failure in Newton' s principia" ,
(1 967) , 281-297. T. L. Reception of Newton' s Sec-
ond law of Motion in the intemntionales d' histoire des
XX (1 967) , 42 - 65.

.28
32

- - William Whewell. ofthe

!ruluctive ed.; l.ondon. 213 - 27 1.

29.
 Histoire de la mecanique 1950). Books IV - V.

.30
31 •
 35

• 32
 Puzz]e -

(crossword
zle)

33 •
 38

S. Prohlems
of the American (1 953) , 596 - 613; ,
104 -112.

.34
"

35 .,
A.
"P

40

generalizations )

J.
l.es prix Nobel en 1937 (Stockhohn ,
w. Whewell , 0/ the !ruluctive ed.; London , 1847) , ll ,

• 36
41
(

B. Cohen , Franklin and Newton: An lnquiry

into Speculative Experimentßl Science and Franklin' s Work in
Example The reof (Philadelphia , 1956). pp.255 - 257 , '1:l 5 - Z77.

H. doctrines chimiques en France du debut XVIle siecle a la

XVllle siecle (Paris , 1923) , pp. 359 - 361; Marie Robert Boyle and -
Century Chemistry pp. 1l2- 1l5.
Hennann tJO n Helmlwltz Francis A. Oxford ,
pp.65-66.
A Science
387 - 392.

37 •
 (

42

dis-
order)

"The Establislunent of the

X (I 952) , 412 - S.
.. Robert in the lsis , Xl JI1
(1952) ,

• 38
,

39.
 43

44

.40
45

(tacil

41 •
 46

l.udwig Phìlosophical G. E. M.
(N.Y. , 19S3) , pp.

.42
47

43.
 48

en F du XVlIe a
(Paris , pp. 24 - T1, 146 -149; and Marie Boyle
- Ce1Ú ury chap.
ter C.
C. Gíllispíe , and

.44
49

lA crise de la physique (Paris ,

1950) .chap. ii.
lA theorie physique au et
(Neuchatel , 1959) , pp.158 -
.. Maxwell 's in A
Vol /U1le, 1831 - 1931
Si1v8IWS P. Th e li.l e 01 Baron Kelvin 01
1910) .
Koyre , .. A
Problem of Fall from 01 the American Philosophical
XLV(1955) ,
Brunet , L' íruroduction des en France au XVllle siecle (Paris , 1931);
and A. Koyre, Fromthe Closed Uniærse 1957) ,

45 •
 50

.46
51

K.
"The V of the 1aho-
0/ Science , XXV (l958) , 163 -

47 •
 52

.48
53

( " airs"

N. The Eighteenth
Phase 1930) , chap.
, theoricien et
experimentateur (Paris , 1955) , chaps. ii - S.
Kuhn, Structure of Scientific (June 1 ,
1962) ,
Bocklund , .. A Lelter Scheele 10 Lavoisier" , Lychnos ,
1957 - 1958 , pp. 39 -

49.
 Lavoisier)

"

( J. B. Conant , The 01 the P1úogiston Theory: The Revolution

01 1775 - 1789 ( "Harvard Experimental Science" Camhridge ,
1950) ,

• 50
55

( H. La chez Lavoisier 1935>. and Dau-

51 •
 56

Crucial and Origin 0/ His First on Comhustion in 1772

N. Y., 1961).

.52
57

58

L. W. Taylor , 1941), pp. 790 - 794; and

T. W. 1949) , pp. 218 - 219.

53 •
.<>.
Dp

59

(Lord

( E. T. Whittaker , A History of the Theories of arul Electricity , 1 (2d. ,

ed.; 1.oOOon , 195 1), 358 , George

( Silvanus of Sir William Kelvin (London ,

1910) , H,I1 25.

• 54
RP

(Goodness

55 *
 61

( K. K. Darrow. "Nuclear Fission". 8ell System Technical Jourrwl • XIX (1 940).

2fJ7 - 2f!,9

(Otto Hahn and F ritz den Nachweis

VerhaJ.ten der bei der Bestrahlung des Urans miuels Neutronen enlstehended Erdalkalimetalle.
Die • XXVII [1939 J. 15)

• S6
62

57
 ,

63

B. Cohen , An
Inquiry into Speculative Newtonian Experimental Science an.d Franklin' s Work in
The reo/ ( Phi!ade!phia. 1956) , pp. 385 - 386 , 452 - 467 ,506-

J . S . Bruner and Leo Perception of A

Joumal 0/ Personality • (1 949). 206 - 223.

• 58
64

}ounwl ofPersoTUl lity , XVIII (I 949) , p.

59.
 Prototypes

65

.60
66

67

61
 68

( A. R. Hall , The Scientífic Revolution , (I.ondon , 1954) , p.16

The Sc ience o[ the Middle Ages
1959) , Parts Il - III. A. (Paris , 1939

S. Kuhn, "Newton' s in Newton' s

Papers and Letters in Natural Philosophy , ed. 1. B. Cohen (Cambridge , Mass. , 1958) ,
F. A
Aether and Electricity , 1 (2d ed. , London , 1951) , 94 - W. Whewell , of
the Inductive rev. ed.;
Life o[ Williom Thomson Baron Kelvin 01
(I.ondon , Reiche , The
Theory H. S. Hatfie!d and 1. L. 1922) , chaps. i- ii.

.62
69

( J. L. E. A History of Astrorwmy from Thales to Kepler (2d ed.; N. Y. ,

1953) -xii.

63 •
A.
Dp

70

( T. S. Kuhn, The Revolution (Carnbridge , 1957) , pp.135-

143

.64
71

( J. R. A Shorl History 01 ed. ; 195 1). pp.

48-51.73-85.90-120.
R. Part-
A1lIUlls 01
II (1 937). 361 - 404; IlI(1938). 1 - 58. 337 - (1 939). 337 - 371.

65 •
 H. the Crucial Year N. Y. ,

.66
73

0/ Space: The History 0/ Theories 0/ Space in phys ic.<

pp. 114-124.

67 ..
 74

Joseph 0/ the 0/ the

s Motion on Optical pp. 6-20 , 320-322.
( R. T. JaTTIRS Clark Maxwell and Modem Physics (l.ondon , 1896) ,
chap A Treatise on Electricity and
(3d ed.; Oxford , 1892) , p. 470.

.68
75

II (London , 1953) , 27-40.

L Heath; Aristarchus The

Koestler , The A History 0/ Man ' s 0/

the Universe (London , 1959) , p.50

69*>
 76

.70
77

78

71.
 •

tautology)

79

N. R. of 1958) , pp. 99-

.72
80

( T. S. Kuhn, <<The Essential Tension: Scientific Re-

search" , in The Th ird (1 959) of Utah
Creative Talenl , W. Taylor( Salt lake City , 1959) , pp. 162 - 177
Barron, .. The lmagination" ,
American , CXCIX 1958) , 151-166.

73 •
 81

.74
82

( W. Whewe\l, History 0/ the lnductiæ 00.; 1847) , 11 ,

220- 22 1.
of
XLIV (I 958) , 136 - T. A
Theories 0/ Aether and Electricity , II( Lmdon , 1953) , 151 , 179. ‘

75 •
-‘,

83

.76
 /\

Wolfgang Pauli)
84

S. Kuhn, The Revolution 1957) , p.

138.
Albert Einstein , " Note" , in Albert
ed. P. A. Schilpp(EvanstOll, IIL. , 1949) ,

"The Tuming Point" , in Theoretical Physics

: A Memorial , ed. M. Fierz F. (N.
Y. , pp.22 ,

77.
 85

01 Modem Science ,
1949) , pp. 1-7.

• 78
86

79 •
 87

L. E. Dreyer , A History 0/
Astronomy from N.Y. , 1953) , pp.

Experimmts and Ki nds 0/ Air lTI4 - 1775).

• 80
88

au XVIle siecle (Neuchatel.

de la mecanique (Neuchatel. 1950). pp .419-443.
( T. S. Kuhn. "A FW1ction for
ed. R. 1. B.

81 iIi
 89

A.
1lP

Ronchi , de la lumiere (Paris ,

1956) , chap. The and
Prese1Ú Diswveries Light aml Colours (l.ondon , 1772) , pp .
498 - 520.

• 82
90

( non- nonnal science)

91

Lehman
( Ach iaJe rrumt [Princeton. 1953]

83 •
.84
92

85 •
 94

• 86
95

87.
 A.
ap

96

• 88
97

89.
 98

D. Lif e Tlwm.s on Baron Kelvin of l.a rgs (LondOl1,

1910) , 1, 266 - 28 1.
P. Philosophy of Science , XXV (J 958) , p. 298

• 90
99

91 •
.A
Dp

"‘,

101

B. Conant , of the Phlogiston 1950) , pp.

13 - J. R. A Short (2d ed. , 195 1), pp.
85 - Stohl ,
et chimique (Paris , 11.
B.
1953) p.76.

• 92
102

93 tIl
 l OV

.94
104

Estahlishment of the Mechanical Philos-

Osiris , X (1 952) ,

95 •
øp

105

!ß mecanique au XVLLe Siecle (Neuchatel , 1954) , pp. 177 - 185 ,

- 298 , 345 - 356.

• 96
107

1. arul : An Inquiry into Speculative

Experimental Franklin' s Work in Electricity as an Thereof
phia. 1956) chaps. vi - vii.

97.
 (Prin-

108

( E. Meyerson , ldentityand Reality (New York , X.

E. W. Whittaker , A the Aether and Electricity , II
1953) , 28-30.

.98
C.C. 1he

99
 110

"100
111

112

101.
 113

M. "Vision Inversion Retinal hn-

age" , Psyclwlogical , IV( 463 - 48 1. Harvey
An Perception (New York , pp. 18 - 57 .

.102
•
 tA ?JI'=

H. Hastorl , "The on the Rel ationship be-

tween and , XXIX (1950) , 195-
s. Leo and John the Per-
ception of Color" , American loumal 0/ Psychology , LXIV (1951) , 216 - 227
N. R. Patterns

103 •
 115

William

.104
116

Peter Doig , A of As tronomy (wndon , 1950) , pp. 115 - 116.

(Rudolph der Astronomie (Munich , 1877) , pp. 513 - 515 , 683-

105 •
 117

Science aruI Civilization in China , 1Il 1959) ,

423-429 , 434-436.
( T. S. ThR Copemian Revolution 1957) , pp. 206-

.106
118

( D uane Roller and H. D. Roller , The Developme1Ú of lhe Concept of Eleclric Charge
Mass.. 1954) , pp. 21- 29.

107
 119

impetus

Galileo , Crew and

A. IU. , 1946) , pp. 80 - 81 , 162 -166.

.108
120

121

1he Science 01 Mechanics in the Midále Wis. , 1959) ,

pp. 537 - 538 , 570.

109 •
 122

..10
123

Subconscient Intuition , el Logique dans úl recherche

(Confe:t u.ce de Le
Psychology of in the
Field (Princeton , 1949).

111 •
 124

T. "A Function for in

00. R. Taton and 1. B.
A. 1939) , and Pla-
10" , Journal o[ ldeas , IV (l 943) ,

• 112
125

( Koyre , Etudes Galileennes , H, pp.7 - 11.

The Science 01 the

113 .,
 126

• 114
127

Nelson

( N. Goodman, The Strncture pp .4 -5.

115 •
 128

129

• 116
130

117 •
 131

H. Stahl , chimique (Paris , 1930) ,

pp.34-68.

• 118
132

H. Metzger , la doctrine -129 ,

139 - K. Nash , The - Molecular Theory (" Harvard
in W. 14-2 1.
( ] . R. A Short 0/ Chemistry (2d ed. , London , 1951) , pp
161-163.

119 •
 133

A. N.
of " Menwirs , UV (1910) , 1 - 16.
.(L. K. Origin of Dalton' s Chemical Atomic Theory" , Isis , XLVII
(1956) , pp.101-116.

• 120
134

A. N. of AtomÏc Theory: Accoro-

ed by Dalton" , Me11Wirs , LV (l911) , 1 - 10.

121 •
 135

s Doctrine of Variable
Memnirs

• 122
136

137

123 •
 138

.124
139

(L. K. Nash , of Dalton' Theory ," Isis , XLVII

(1 956) , pp.101- 1l6.

125 •
 140

(ed.) , Sir Newton' s Mathematical

of Natural Philosophy and his System of the World p.
Conceming Two New trans.
H. Crewand A. De Salvio (Evanston , IlL., 1946) , pp. 154 - 176.

• 126
141

127 •
 142

T. S. Kuhn, Structural Chenùstry

Isis (1 952) , pp. 26 - 29.

• 128
143

Robert Boyle and Seve1Ú ee1Úh-Ce1Úury Chemistry 1958)

129 •
 144

145

• 130
146

Nagel ,
T'heory of vol. l , No. 6 of mtemational Encyclopedia of UtÚfied Sc ience , pp.

131.
4'

K. R. The Logic of

• 132
133 •
 Frank , Eirutein , Hi3
trans. and ed. G. Rosen and 1947 ), pp.142 -

lhe J. McCabe (N.Y.

• 134
150

(T. S. The Revolution

Concept 01 Mass. , 1954) , pp. 1l8 -124.

135 •
.A.

151

(1. Franklin and Newton:

and Franklin' s Work in as an The reof (PIúladel-
1956) , pp. 93 - 94.
eÆtion ;
1889)
and Other Papers F. Gaynor (N.
Y. - 34.

• 136
152

137 •
 153

154

A.
F Modern Science , rev. ed. (N. Y. , 1932) , pp. 44 - 49

J. Strutt , Rayleigh , John William Strutt , Th ird Baron Rayleigh [N. Y. ,

1924 ], p.

• 138
 1 ,

155

Reiche, The Theory

1922)

139.
 156

( E. T. Whittaker , A History 0/ the Theories 0/ Electricity , vol. 1 (2nd

ed.; London , 195 J), p.108.
History 0/ the 0/ Aether and Electricity ,

A. Schilpp (ed. ), Albert Einstein , Philosopher - Scientist (Evanslon ,

IIl..., 1949) , p.

.140
157

L.
E. A of Astronomy from (N. Y. , 1953.3nl ed.) , pp.
359 - R. and
Studies of the ATIIIlÛs of Science , IV , (1 939) , pp. 113-
149.

141 •
 158

R. A Short 0/ (Lon-
don , 1951 , 2nd 00.) Geschichte der
pp.294 - 296.

• 142
 '

159

143 •
.144
161

E. H. An and in lhe 0/
pp. 1l -12.
de 0/ An
in Crilical Problems in lhe Hislory 0/ Science , ed . M
Wis. , 1959) , pp.33 - 65.

145 •
.146
164

147 •
 ?

.148
166

149 .,
.150
168

169

151 •
• 152
171

153 ..
 172

( L oren Darwin' s Century: Evolraion who Discovered It ( N.

1810 - 1888 pp.295 -

355 - 383.

• 154
173

155 •
 1969

"Reflections on My Critics , "

in Imre lakatos and Alan Musgrave (eds.) , Criticism and the Knowledge (Cam-
bridge , on in (ed.) , The
Structure 0/ Theories 111. , 1970 or
0/

• 156
175

Nalllre <i a ; and of Sci-

entific Philosophical

157 •
 176

( w.o. The (N. Y. , and v; D.

J. Price and D. de B. "CollaboratiOll in an Invisihle
Psychologi.st , XXI 1011- 1018; Diana Structure in a Group of Sci-
entists: A American Sociological
XXXIV 335 - 352; N. C. M,ùlins. Social Networks amnng Biological Scientists ,
(Ph. D. Harvard Univ. , Micro - Structure of an Invisihle College:
The phage Sociological

• 158
177

178

159 •
 179

Use 01 01 Science
Institute of Scientific 1964); M.M. the
of and Subject
XVI (1 965). 223 - 233; D. J. Price "Networks of Scientific CIL (1 965).
510-515.

•
180

161 •
 181

• 162
182

163 •
 f = = 183

.164
184

Current in Early Nine-

Century French Physics ," Historical 1
d Morton
8II JoU17llJl
XXI (1963) , 536 - 547.

165.
 185

• 166
186

Dudley and in Mind and

in Contemporary science and Philosophy , The cí
in the of Science , m 19(6), 41 - 85;
Subjectivity (New Karl

167 •
 187

188

.168
 =

189 dr k181 = 81 +

169.
 =

• 170
191

tacit knowledge) ,

A J. R.
pp.135-136 , Hydrodynamic , sivede viribus
et motibus fluidorum ,
Truesdell , ..
lions of Late 10 Conjeclure , Error , and Failure in Newton' s
Texas , X (1 967) , 238 - 258.

171 .,
.172
193

173 •
 =

• 174
195

•
175 •
 196

-R

• 176
198

177 •
A

""

199

• 178
179 •
• 180
w2

V. O. Quine , Wordand
Objecl ridge ,

A. Nida , "Lin-
Ethnology in Translation Problems ," in Del
and Culture in Society (New York , pp. 90-97.

181 •
 204

• 182
 of mental

,.
/\

"S\ructure of Scíentific Revolution ,

183 •
.184
,

185 •
 K.

Mwt We Mean what (New

• 186
209

ment Relations of Art," Comparative Studie.s in PhilOllophy and

187 •
 VIlQ..å:. ,
210

• 188
 51

51

Tycho , 26 , 156
A
J. , 15 , 70
X, 69
C
Archimedes , 15 , 123
6 - 7 , 12 , 5 - 6 , 10 ,
26 , 44 , 66 , 74 , 83 , 98 - 99 , 24-34 , 80
101 - 143 , 148 - 149 , science , 10
153 , 155 , 158 , 165
D
B
C. , 20 , 151 , 171-
•
v 172
Essenûal Tension , 79 Dalton ,
Sir Karl , J . (and/or Dalton' s chemistry) ,
146 - 147 , 186n , 78 , 106 , 130-135 , 139 , 141
R. , 28 , 41 , 141-143 L., 158

112 , 148 , 150 , 198fT 41 , 48 , 121 ,

Worlds" , 118 , 126 , 148 , 150
22 , 48

189 •
 4 , 13 - 15 , 16 , 11 - 14 , 16 , 39 , 42 ,
17 -18 , 20- 22 , 28 , 35 , 61- 62 , 48 , 67 , 79 , 89 , 154 - 155
20 , 37 , Chap. xrn
esp. 162 ,
F
H

62 - 64 , 67 , 82 ,
87 , 113 J. , 15
J
43 - 44 , 182 - 191
science , 136-
109 - 110 138
science , 82-
89 (plaIlet) , 154
77 - 79 , 146 - 147
10 , 13 , 15 ,
17 , 18 , 20 , 62 , 106 , 118 , 122 , Lord , 59 , 93 ,
151 98n
J. , 30 , 32 , 87 ,
G
152 - 154 , 156 , 189
Galileo , 3 , in science ,
29 , 31 , 48 , 67 , 118 - 20 , 121- 6- 8 , 92-98 , 101-102
125 , 139 - 140
Boxes , 5 , 152
81
aIl dlor Copenñcism): 6 , 8 , C. , 21 , 28 - 29 , 33 ,
26 , 67 - 69 , 71 , 74 -76 , 82 , 83 , 35
115 - 116 , 128 , 149 , 150 , 152- W. V. 0. , vi , 202n.
153 , 154 - 155 , 157 , 158
Switch , vi , 63 ,
85 , 111-114 , 150 Lavoisi-
A. dlor Lavoisier' s chem-
(aIl

125 - 126 , 129 istry) , 6 , 10 , 44 , 54 - 56 , 57 ,

•
 59 -72 , 78 , 89 , 58 , 59 69 , 89 ,
107 , 118 , 120 , 130 , 142 - 143 , 118 , 120 , 147 , 159
51
153 , 156 - 167 , 163
S
G. W. , 48 , 72
17 , 61 - 62 , Sc heele , c., 53 , 55 , 70
106 , 118 , 129 problems , 24
Sir Charles , 10 orld changes , 111 , 118 ,
Cumulative process , 2 - 3 , 121 , 150
52 , 96 , 161 81 ,
theory , 48 , 49- 155
50 , 83 - 84 , 89 , 95 , 108 , 154
T
57 - 58 , 93
hoc , 13 , 30 , 78 , 83
(planet) ,
J. C. , 7 , 28 , 40 , 10 , 23 , 67 - 69 ,
44 , 48 , 73 - 74 , 80 , 82 , 75 -76 , 82 , 98 , 115 , 154 , 156
107 ,
W
N
67 - 75 , 80 , 84 - 86 ,
Newton , Sir (andlor New- 181
tonianism) , 6 , 10 , 12 - 13 , 15 , L., 45
26-27 , 30 -33 , 39-40 , 44 , X
47 - 48 , 67 , 71 , 72 - 74 , 76 , 78 ,
79 , 98 - 99 , 101- 105 , 107 , 7 , 41 , 57-59 , 61 ,
121 , 139 - 140 , 148 , 150 , 153 , 92-93
154 , 157 , 163 , 165 s) , 25 , 128

p y

W. , 83 - 84 2 , 10 , 12 ,
Sir 15 , 48 , 72 , 104 , 118 ,
16 , 18 , 28 , 37 , 170 121- 125 , 140 , 148 , 163
M. , 12 , 151 , 154 11 , 15 , 153 , 161 ,
J. , 53 - 56 , 173

191 •
 44 , 191 70-72 , 79 , 85 , 99 -
128 , 106 , 121 - 122 , 126 , 129 ,
201-204 157
motion , 30 , 39 , 81 27 , 87
Annual
z 62 , 65 , 83 , 151
53 - 56 , 57 - 59 ,

• 192
A

X
D

Alembert

F
B
Fitzgerarl
F.

K. Feyerabend ,
Paul K.
R. Popper , Carl R. Fleck , lndwik

Daniel
G

, Brahe , Tycho

193 •
 B. Conant , Jarnes B
Alexandre

Nelson Sir
Williarn
H

W. O.

L
John L.
O.
N. R.

Hutlon

Sir G. W.

Lyell
E. O.
Rey
Wlùtehead
Huyghens
J. Peter J.

J Leonard K.
C.
C.

M
K

Stanley
Michelson

Kepler

• 194
 Helene
R
Mayow
Morley
Lord

, Charles S

X. Sutton , Francis X.
Mossbauer
W.
N G. H.
I. H. B.
Nagel , Emest

T
Domenico da Sir
Pierre George

P P.
ittgenstein , L.
B. L.
F.

J. K. Senior , K.
L. 1.

Q y

195 •
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James , William
Epicurean Nakayama

• 196
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Trouhle of Sci-

199 •
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