Course Code: ELE 306

Course Title: Electrical Machines II

QUESTION ONE

(A three – phase star connected alternator on open circuit is required to generate a line voltage
of 400V, 50Hz, when driven at 1000rev/min. The stator has (3) slots/pole/phase and has 5
conductor per slot. Calculate;
(i) the number of pole.
(ii) the useful flux per pole.
Assume all the conductors per phase to be connected in series and the coils to be full-pitch,
distribution factor is 0.93 for 3 slots per pole per phase.

QUESTION TWO

(a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of short pitch coil over full-pitch coils?
(b) Derive a general expression for the distribution factor for a.c. armature winding.
Indicate how the voltage equation is modified by distribution factor.
(c) Calculate the distribution factor for a single-phase alternator having 6 slots/pole (i) when all
the slots are wound and (ii) when only four adjacent slots per pole are wound, the remaining slots
being unwound.

QUESTION THREE
(a) Assume a balanced system, show that the resultant magnetic flux density from a three –
phase a.c. system is 3/2 times a single – phase system.
(b) A 415V, 50Hz, 3-phase, 4-pole wound rotor induction machine used as frequency changer is
operated at rated speed of 1425 r.p.m. Determine the magnitude and frequency of the output
voltage and hence draw an appropriate rotor equivalent circuit.
Turn ratio Ns = 1.5Nr

QUESTION FOUR

The result of no load and blocked rotor tests on a three-phase, star-connected induction motor
are as follows;
No Load Test
Line – to – line voltage = 220V
Total input power = 1000W
Line current = 20A
Friction and windage losses = 400W
The stator resistance between two terminals is 0.18ohms.

1
Calculate the parameters of approximate equivalent circuit.
Draw the equivalent circuit.

QUESTION FIVE
(i)Explain briefly Voltage regulation of an alternator.
(ii) Using a synchronous impedance method and assuming lagging power factor, show that
open circuit e.m.f. (E) equation is given by:
1
2 2 2
E=[ ( Vcos ∅ + IR ) +(Vsin ∅ ± I X S ) ]
(ii) A three- phase alternator has rated output of 500kVA at a terminal voltage of 3300V. The
stator winding has resistance of 0.6 ohms and synchronous reactance of 4 ohms. Calculate
the percentage voltage regulation at power factor of:
1. Unity
2. 0.8 lagging
Sketch the phase diagram in each case.