THEOLOGY 1
Ecclesiology
DEFINING ECCLESIOLOGY
Ekklesia - Greek word of called out once or an
assembly
Jesus Christ - head of the Church
Pentecost - Acts Chapter 2
Church is both Universal and Local
BIBLICAL FOUNDATION
The foundation of the Church can be traced
starting from the Old Testament and vindicated in
the person of Jesus Christ in the New Testament.
COVENANT BETWEEN YAHWEH AND
ABRAHAM
The covenant between God and Abraham
can be found in the Torah. It is a sacred,
irrevocable pact initiated by Yahweh. He reached
out to him because of his gratuitous, overflowing
love.
● Covenant
- Hebrew word (berit)
- Agreement or a legal contract
● Grace
- God’s self-offering to man
CONDITIONS:
1. Yahweh shall give the land of Canaan to
Abraham, promise of countless descendants,
and the assurance of His protection.
2. Abraham and his descendants shall worship
and keep Yahweh as their only God.
COVENANT RENEWED AND LAWS GIVEN
The people were put to the test. The new
pharaoh treated the Israelites into slaves. Then,
God sent Moses to free them and led them to
Canaan (overflowing with milk and honey).
In Exodus Chapter 20, the covenant was
renewed. Yahweh gave them the Ten
commandments (Decalogue) to govern and guide
their way of life and conduct of their faith.
● Yahweh or Qahal Yahweh
- It is an organized worshiping assembly
guided by fundamental laws, beliefs, and
rituals.
VIOLATION OF THE COVENANT AND ITS
CONSEQUENCES
The Israelites began worshiping Canaanite
gods such as El, Baal, Asherah, Anat, and Astarte to
ensure good harvest, childbirth, and divine
protection.
The Israel kings ordered the execution of
prophets for condemning their political alliances,
abuses, and religious compromises.
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Ecclesiology
DID JESUS INTEND TO ESTABLISH A
The consequences were the separation of
CHURCH?
the Northern and Southern Kingdom, imposition of
heavy taxes, forced labor, and series of invasions
(Babylonian Exile). Adelbert Denaux

GREAT MESSIANIC EXPECTATION

- Finding the essential element of continuity

Yahweh did not give up on them. Then,
from the pre-Easter Jesus to post-Easter
Israel pray for divine intervention:
Institutional Church and her ongoing life for
His Second Coming.
● Deliverer
- To restore the unity and fidelity to God

Pope Benedict XVI

● Savior
- Would redeem the fallen race from sin
1. Jesus clearly shows his intention to restore a
divided people.
● Anointed / Chosen One
- Would restore the sacred covenant between
2. Jesus called and gathered a community of
Yahweh and His people
men to be His apostles (12 tribes)

3. The apostles were entrusted with the great

mission of bringing the world into a
RELEVANCE OF THE COVENANT community of faith and worship.

1. It is an essential concept in understanding

the relationship between God and His
people.

2. The Qahal Yahweh was made from God’s

gratuitous initiative to reach out.

3. We have to freely respond to our faith and

loyalty to Yahweh through the
commandments, percepts, and traditions.

4. God renews His covenant through the life

and person of Jesus Christ, the ultimate
realization and fulfillment of the
long-awaited Messiah.
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Ecclesiology
3. Building of God
CATECHISM OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH - It was built by the Apostles and receives
solidity and unity.
- This temple, symbolized in places of worship
NAMES AND IMAGES
built out of stone, is praised by the Fathers
and, not without reason, is compared in the
● Church liturgy to the Holy City, the New Jerusalem.
- a convocation or an assembly

● Kyriake 4. Spotless Spouse of the Spotless Lamb

- Where English word, Church, and German - It is she whom Christ 'loved and for whom
word, Kirche, were derived he delivered himself up that he might
- “What belongs to the Lord” sanctify her.'
- It is she whom he unites to himself by an
Church is a: unbreakable alliance, and whom he
➢ Liturgical assembly constantly 'nourishes and cherishes.'
➢ Local community
➢ Whole universal community of believers
CHURCH’S ORIGIN, FOUNDATION, AND
MISSION

SYMBOLS OF THE CHURCH

1. Sheepfold
- The sole and necessary way to Christ.
- God is the shepherd who nourishes and
gives His life for His sheep (Good Shepherd
and Prince of Shepherds).
A PLAN BORN IN THE FATHER’S HEART
With God’s gratuitous and mysterious design
of wisdom and goodness. It is already present in
figure at the beginning of the world, this Church
was prepared in marvelous fashion in the history of
the people of Israel and the old alliance.

2. Cultivated Field
- The tillage of God.
- It has been planted by the heavenly
FORESHADOWED FROM THE WORLD’S
cultivator who gives life and fruitfulness to
BEGINNING
the branches, us.
- Without Him, we can do nothing.
God created the world for the sake of
communion with his divine life, a communion
brought about by the "convocation" of men in
Christ (Church).
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Ecclesiology
PREPARED FOR IN THE OLD COVENANT
The gathering together of the People of God
began at the moment when sin destroyed the
communion of men with God.
The remote preparation for this gathering
together of the People of God begins when he calls
Abraham and promises that he will become the
father of a great people. Its immediate preparation
begins with Israel's election as the People of God.
INSTITUTED BY CHRIST JESUS
It was the Son's task to accomplish the
Father's plan of salvation in the fullness of time. He
inaugurated his Church by preaching the Good
News, that is, the coming of the Reign of God,
promised over the ages in the scriptures.
He chose Peter as the head of the Twelve,
where they share Christ’s mission and power to
prepare and build the Church.
The Church is born primarily of Christ's total
self-giving for our salvation, anticipated in the
institution of the Eucharist and fulfilled on the cross.
It was symbolized by blood and water from Jesus’
open side and Adam’s sleeping side. So, the Church
was born from the pierced heart of Christ hanging
dead on the cross.
REVEALED BY THE HOLY SPIRIT
The Holy Spirit was sent on the day of the
Pentecost to sanctify the Church. Then, the Church
was openly displayed to the crowds and the spread
of the Gospel among the nations, through
preaching, was begun. The Holy Spirit bestows the
Church with varied hierarchic and charismatic gifts
to direct her.
PERFECTED IN GLORY
The Church will receive its perfection only in
the glory of heaven, at the time of Christ's glorious
return. Only then will "all the just from the time of
Adam, 'from Abel, the just one, to the last of the
elect, be gathered together in the universal Church
in the Father's presence.
MYSTERY OF THE CHURCH
BOTH VISIBLE AND SPIRITUAL
These dimensions together constitute one
complex reality which comes together from a
human and a divine element:
➢ A "society structured with hierarchical
organs and the mystical body of Christ
➢ the visible society and the spiritual
community
➢ the earthly Church and the Church endowed
with heavenly riches.
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Ecclesiology
PEOPLE OF GOD
MYSTERY OF MEN’S UNION WITH GOD
Lumen Gentium - 2nd Vatican Council
St. Paul calls the nuptial union of Christ and
the Church "a great mystery." Because she is united They fear God, do what is right, and
to Christ as to her bridegroom, she becomes a acknowledge and serve Him in holiness.
mystery in her turn.

The Church's structure is totally ordered to CHARACTERISTICS:

the holiness of Christ's members. And holiness is
measured according to the 'great mystery' in which 1. It is the people of God.
the Bride responds with the gift of love to the gift of - Anyone
the Bridegroom.

2. Born a new
- Water and spirit
- Baptism and faith in Christ
THE UNIVERSAL SACRAMENT OF
SALVATION

3. Messianic People
The Church, in Christ, is like a sacrament - a
sign and instrument, that is, of communion with
God and of unity among all men. The Church's first 4. Their status is with dignity, freedom,
purpose is to be the sacrament of the inner union and the Holy Spirit who dwells in their
of men with God. heart.

The Church is the visible plan of God's love

for humanity, because God desires that the whole
human race may become one People of God, form
one Body of Christ, and be built up into one temple
of the Holy Spirit.
5. Love one another as Christ love us
- New law of the Holy Spirit
6. Seed of unity, hope, and salvation for
the whole human race

7. Their destiny is the Kingdom of God.

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Ecclesiology
TEMPLE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT
THREE OFFICES:

1. Priest The Holy Spirit strengthens our faith and is

- We receive baptism in a spiritual house and the ladder of our ascent.
a holy priesthood.
➢ God’s word (baptism)

2. Prophetic ➢ Sacraments (growth and healing for the

- We understand the sense of faith, deliver to members)
all, and witness Christ’s grace in this world.
➢ Grace (gifts)

3. King ➢ Virtues (act according to what is good)

- A servant for all.
- Obedient, pure conscience, and spotless ➢ Special Graces (charisms)
offerings - They work together for the common good.
- Must be accepted with gratitude.

BODY OF CHRIST FOUR MARKS OF THE CHURCH

The Church is in communion with Jesus. He

has an intimate bond with His followers and sends ONE
the Holy Spirit to guide them.

● God is one.
3 ASPECTS: ● Isang pananampalataya

1. Unity of all members in union with

Christ HOLY

● God built it.

2. Christ as the head of the Body
- Groom (ex persona capitis)
- The principle of creation and redemption.
- His sufferings CATHOLIC
- He provides us gifts and assistance that will
help all of us along the way of salvation. ● Fullness of faith
● Universal
● Means of Salvation
3. Church as Bride of Christ
- Body (ex persona corporis)
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Ecclesiology
3. Armenian Rite
- Bartholomew and Jude of Judea
APOSTOLIC
- Faith with national fidelity

● Draws faith from the witness of the

Apostles.

TO BE THE CHURCH OF THE POOR

UNITY AMIDST DIVERSITY

Rite is the denomination in one church.

NATURE OF EVANGELIZATION

1. Latin Rite It is the transmission of the Christian Faith.

- Largest and simplest It shows the importance of God’s grace and the
source of the Holy Trinity.

2. Alexandrian Rite ➢ Plan of the Father

- More older and diverse in practice ➢ Ministry of the Son
➢ Mission of the Spirit

3. Antiochian Rite
- Has 19 churches 1. Time of Awakening
- 3 families of rite 2. New encouragement and witness

➢ Byzantine Rite
- Constantinople 3 ASPECTS:
- Has fourteen Eastern Catholic Church
- largest 1. It brings good news to those who do not
know Jesus.

➢ Syriac Rites 2. It includes the continuing growth in faith in

Church’s life.
● East (Upper Mesopotamia)
- Chaldean 3. It is directed to those who become distant
- Syro-Malabar Catholic Church from the Church.

● West (Antioch)
- Marionite, Syriac
- Syro-Malankara Churches
PASTORAL PLAN

It is the steps for our faith to be fruitful.

THEOLOGY 1
Ecclesiology