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(Solution)Class Test
Topic: Nuclear Physics (Liquid Drop model)
(Full Marks: 40)
Time: 1:00 Hour 21-01-2023
There will be negative marking of 25% for each wrong answer.

Ans.1: (c)
A 216 216
Solution: ZA = = = 85.03
2 + 0.015 A 2 + 0.015 ( 216 ) 2 + 0.54
2/3 2/3

 Z A = 84

Ans.2: (a)
B
Solution: For most stable nuclei =0
Z A= const

B 6Z 60 ( A − 2 Z )( −2 )
= − 1/ 3 + =0
Z 4A A
Z −20 ( A − 2 Z )
=
4 A1/ 3 A
Z = −80 A1/ 3 + 160 A−2 / 3 Z
 160 
Z 1 − 2 / 3  = −80 A1/ 3
 A 
Z  A2 / 3 − 160  = −80 A

 A2 / 3  − A
Z − 1 =
 160  2
−1
A  A2 / 3 
Z = 1 −
2  160 

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 fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, M.Sc. Entrance, JEST, TIFR and GRE in Physics

Ans.3: (b)
Solution: E S  A2 / 3
1
ES A2 / 3 −
 =A3
A A
( E S / A)Al  27 
−1/ 3 1/ 3
 64  4
=  =  =
( E S / A)Zn  64   27  3

Ans.4: (c)
Z 1 1 1
Solution: = = =
A 2 + 0.015 ( A ) 2 + 0.015 ( 64 )  2 + ( 0.015 16 )
2/3 2/3

 
1 1
= = = 0.446
2 + 0.24 2.24
Z
= 0.45
A

Ans.5: (c)
B
Surface correction term B  A2 / 3   A−1/ 3
A
Ans.6: (b)

Z(Z − 1) (A − 2Z) 2 ap
Since B = a v A − a s A 2/3 − a c 1/3
− a a (, 0) 3/4
A A A

 dB  ac a
  = − 1/3 ( 2Z0 − 1) − a 2(A − 2Z0 )(−2) = 0
 dZ  Z= Z0 A A

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Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, M.Sc. Entrance, JEST, TIFR and GRE in Physics

ac 4a  ac 4a  ac
1/3 (
− 2Z0 − 1) + a ( A − 2Z0 ) = 0  −2Z0  1/3 + a  = − 1/3 − 4a a
A A A A  A

 ac 
 4a a + A1/3  −1/3
 Z0 =    Z = 4a a + a c A
 ac 4a  2a c A −1/3 + 8a a A −1
0
2  1/3 + a
A A 

Ans.7: (a)

Since, M ( Z, A ) = A + Z + Z2 for given A

For nuclear charge ( Z 0 ) of “most stable” nuclei

 M  −
  = 0   + 2Z0 = 0  Z0 = .
 Z  Z= Z0 2

So mass of the “most stable” isobar is

M ( Z0 , A ) = A − 2 Z0 Z0 + Z0 2 ( =–2Z0 )  M ( Z0 , A ) = A − Z0 2

Also, M ( Z, A ) = A − 2 Z0 .Z + Z2

The difference in masses for odd A is:

M ( Z, A ) − M ( Z0 , A ) = −2 Z0 Z + Z 2 + Z0 2 =  ( Z − Z0 )
2

Ans.8: (a)

Mirror nuclei to be considered have the same odd value of A but the values of
N and Z are interchanged such that they differ by one unit N – Z = 1 .

Now, from semi empirical mass formula we know

Z ( Z − 1) ( A − 2Z )
2
1
M ( Z, A ) = M N A − ( M N − M P ) Z − a v A + a s A 2/3
+ ac 1/3
+ aa ( , 0 ) a p .
A A A 3/4

Now to find mass difference between pair Mirror Nuclei are

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 fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, M.Sc. Entrance, JEST, TIFR and GRE in Physics

M Z+1 − M Z = M ( Z + 1, A ) – M ( Z, A )

But A – 2Z = N + Z – 2Z = N – Z = +1 ( Let N  Z )

ac
 M Z+1 − M Z = − ( M N − M P ) ( Z + 1) − Z  +  Z ( Z + 1) − Z ( Z − 1) 
A1/3 
ac ac
1/3 
 M Z+1 − M Z = ( M P − M N ) + A − 1 = 1/3  A − 1 − ( M N − M P )
A A

Ans.9: (b)

M Z +1 − M Z = ( M p − M N ) +
ac
Solution: ( A − 1)
A1/ 3
ac
 26.986704 − 26.981539 = (1.007275 − 1.008665 ) +  26
271/ 3

ac =
( 0.005165 + 0.00139 )  271/ 3  931.5 = 0.7 MeV
26
Ans.10: (b)
Solution: Let 20 Ca 40 → 20 Ca 39 + 0 n1
So according to liquid drop model

20  19 19 ( 40 − 40)
2

B ( 20 Ca 40
) = 14.1  40 − 13  40 2/3
− 0.595 
401/ 3
−
40
33.5
+ 3/ 4
40
B ( 20 )
Ca 40 = 347.97 MeV

Similarly

20 19 19 ( 39 − 40 )
2

B ( 20 Ca 39
) = 14.1 39 − 13  39 2/3
− 0.595 
391/ 3
−
39
−0

B ( 20 )
Ca 39 = 333.24 MeV

So energy needed to extract neutron from 20 Ca 40 will be

= 347.97 − 333.24 = 14.707 MeV

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