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Analytical Reasoning: Key Concepts, Solved Examples, &
Prep Tips
2020/11/25
Analytical Reasoning is all about performing some mathematical operation on the given statement to find the
probable result. Questions based on analytical reasoning test the analytical ability of a candidate. Some of the
important topies under Analytical Reasoning are Statement and Argument, Statement and Assumption,
Statement and Conclusion, Statement and Course of Action, Syllogism, Cause and Effects and so on.
In this article, we are going to cover the key concepts of Analy,
1 Reasoning along with the various types of it,
solved examples, practice questions and the tips and tricks to solve the questions related to analytical reasoning.
Read the article thoroughly to clear all the doubts regarding the same.
Check out questions on logical reasoning
What is Analytical Reasoning?
Analytical Reasoning test the analytical ability of a candidate. This section is one of the tricky sections of logical
reasoning. Some of the important chapters of anals
ical reasoning are Statement and Argument, Statement and
Assumption, Statement and Conclusion, Statement and Course of Action, Syllogism, Cause and Effects and so on.
Let us now understand various types of analytical reasoning from below.
Types of Analytical Reasoning
Let us see the various types of questions that may come in the Analytical Reasoning section one by one from
below.
1. Statement & Argument
In this type of analytical reasoning, an argument is a statement or series of statements in which a certain point of
view is put up, expressing different opinions for or against something. Argument is a very important part of
analytical reasoning as all possible types of questions from analytical reasoning like inferences, assumptions,
course of action, syllogism, ete, are in some way related to argumentation.
2. Statement & AssumptionIn this type of analytical reasoning, an assumption is something that we take for granted, or we assume, In
various government exams, candidates will be given some statements followed by some assumptions. By reading
the given statements, candidates need to take the right decision, Here taking the right decision means selecting
the correct assumption.
3. Statement & Conclusion
In this type of analytical reasoning, passage or statements will be given followed by some conclusions. Candidates
need to take decisions based on these statements and select the correct conclusion from the given ones. Here,
conclusion refers to the fact that can be truly inferred from the given statement.
4. Statement & Course of Action
In this type of analytical reasoning, a situation will be given as a statement and some probable course of actions
will be given in the context of that situation, Candidates will be asked to determine, which of them should be
followed based on the given statement or event. The given course of aetion will be true if it does solve or reduce or
minimize the problem and if it is a praetieal solution,
5. Cause & Effect
In this type of analytical reasoning, two statements will be provided, and candidates need to decide whether the
statements given are independent causes or effects of independent cause, or is it simply a common cause. The
necessary condition for an event to occur is a cause, which supplements an event to occur. For a cause to be valid,
it must be either sufficient or necessary.
6. Syllogism
Syllogism is a part of logical reasoning, especially analytical reasoning. It consists of some statements, and
candidates need to derive conclusions from the given statements. The statements and conclusions may seem to be
illogical, but while solving questions related to syllogism, candidates must assume the given statements to be
100% true.
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How to Solve Question Based on Analytical Reasoning - Know all
Tips and Tricks
Candidates can find various tips and tricks from below for solving the questions related to the Analytical
Reasoning section.
Tip # 4: Analytical reasoning section is one of the tricky sections, so candidates need to read the question
carefully before choosing the answer to the given question.Tip # 2: For solving the questions related to the analytical reasoning, candidates need to study the given
statement well and think about the mathematical options to get the final result,
Analytical Reasoning Sample Questions
Question 1:
Statement: Should non-vegetarian food be totally banned in our country?
Argument: Yes, itis expensive and therefore beyond the means of most people in our county.
Solution: Logically this argument is probable because non-vegetarian food is ex- pensive and therefore, itis,
beyond the means of most people in our country. But only for this reason, a ban on non-vegetarian food is not
desirable. So this argument is weak.
Question 2:
Statement: Should India declare itself as a Hindu country?
Arguments: Yes, Because Hinduism is the largest religion in India, with 79.8% of the population identifying
themselves as Hindu.
Solution: Besides these, there can be other types of arguments too, and these types of arguments are weak
arguments.
Question 3:
Statement: The government should focus on solving the immediate problems
of today rather than trying to solve the anticipated problems of the future.
Assumption: Current problems should be given more priority over the problems of the future.
Solution: The words ‘solving the immediate problems of today rather than on trying to solve the anticipated
problems’ tells us that more priority should be given to current problems. This makes assumption implicit
Question 4:
Statement: Folk music is disappearing from the country.
Assumptions:
Folk music is sung only amongst communities and villages.
Performing artists sing folk songs in various programs,
Solution: Both the assumptions are not implicit as the statement does not give any information about the people
who indulge in folk music, Hence, neither
assumption I nor II is implicit.Question 5:
Statement: A mid-day meal scheme is not a perfect solution to the nutrition problem, but has the added
advantage of providing an incentive for parents to send their kids to school.
Conclusion: Mid-day meal scheme will improve the school attendance of children,
Solution: We can assume that free food usually attracts people. Under this,
assumption, we may consider it likely that more parents would send their children to school. Henee, this
inference is probably true.
Question 6:
‘Statement: All those who have pride for their country and love for their motherland will not tolerate the
remarks of the journalist.
Conclusion/Inference: Some people will find the remark of the journalist intolerable.
Solution: We may safely assume that some (may be not all) people do love their country and motherland, Now,
all such people do not tolerate the remarks of the journalist. Hence, it can be inferred that the inference is
definitely true.
Question 7:
Statement: According to the news, few terrorists are hiding inside an old building in Delhi.
Courses of action:
I: Government should send Special Forces to Delhi.
I: Government should offer them to shift to the outskirts of Delhi.
Solution: After knowing the fact that the terrorists are hiding at a certain place, the Government should send
special forces immediately.
Knowing that approaching that area will be dangerous, the police should be backed up with special forces as well.
‘Therefore, the first course of action definitely will be a good measure taken in ac- cordance with the given
statement.
On the other hand, the second course of action is vague and totally unrealistic. Itis practically not possible to
achieve such an action.
Therefore, offering them to shift somewhere is completely out of question. Hence, II does not follow.
Question 8: Based on Cause & Effect
Statements:(a) The hospital has banned the use of cell phones by doctors when they are attending to the patients in the OPD.
(b) The patients’ Union complained to the management that the cell phones of the doctors kept ringing and
doctors got busy answering their calls redueing the attention they should be giving to the patients.
Solution: Here the complaint of the patients regarding the cell phone use by doctors prompted the ban by the
hospital management. Henee, we can easily say that the statement (b) is the cause and statement (a) is the effect.
Question 9: Based on Cause & Effect
Statements:
(a) A study has shown that whatever form of entertainment a person is exposed to in his/her formative years stays
on with him/her for the rest of his/her life.
(b) The young generation is always reminded by the old generation that the current level of entertainment is,
inferior to the old times.
Solution: Here the statement (a) states the mentality behind the liking for a certain form of entertainment over a
Jong period of time, whereas the statement (b) gives an example of it. Hence, this exhibits a cause and effect
relationship between the two statements where the statement (a) is the cause and the statement (b) is the effect.
Question 10:
Statement: Studies have shown that spending too much time on your phone is bad for your focus and mental
health.
Courses of action:
1: Most of the push notifications should be turned off.
II: One should get a real alarm clock and avoid taking the mobiles to bed.
Solution: The first course of action follows as the statement tells us about the fact that excessive use of the phone
can be bad for our health. And the best action to be taken in this direction is to avoid using mobile phones. No one
can deny that mobiles these days are an essential tool, which we can’t stop using completely.
‘Therefore, the first course of action provides us with a solution to turn off the notifications, so that we avoid much
of the unnecessary use of the phone.
Henee, I follow.
Hence both the actions follow.
At the same time, most of the people say that they carry mobile phones to bed because they need the alarm.
But in this context, they end up using the mobile applications till late night.
‘The second course of action follows as it suggests getting a real alarm, and avoiding taking the phone to bed.‘This is the best possible way to avoid using the phone at night. Hence both the actions follow.
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Exams where Analytical Reasoning is Part of Syllabus
Questions based on the analytical reasoning section come up often in various prestigious government exams some
of them are as follows.
Bank (PO & Clerk) Exams
SSC (CGL, 10+2, Steno, FCI, CPO, Multitasking)
LIC (AAO & ADO)
RRB
UPsc
State PSC Exams
Check out more details on other Reasoning Topics:
Alphabet Test Cause & Effect
Blood Relations Clocks
Calendars Coding Decoding
Direction & Distance Data Sufficiency
We hope you found this article regarding the analytical reasoning section was informative and helpful, and please
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Analytical Reasoning FAQs
Q.1 What is Analytical Reasoning?
Ans.1
Analytical Reasoning is all about performing some mathematical operation on the given statement to find the
probable result. Questions based on analytical reasoning test the analytical ability of a candidate.
Q.2 How many types of analytical reasoning questions are there?
Ans.2
Questions of analytical reasoning can be categorized into topics like Statement and Argument, Statement and
Assumption, Statement and Conclusion, Statement and Course of Action, Syllogism, Cause and Effects and so on.
Fi it dace eel cea Hillel Wikcade decid ie i Wien i ees Ria ela al eaeSome of the tips and tricks regarding the analytical reasoning reasoning section are given above in the article,
Q.4 Where I will find some of the sample questions related to analytical reasoning?
Ans.4
Various example questions along with their solutions are given above in the article. Kindly go through the article
for the same.
Q.5 In which exam questions from analytical reasoning come up?
Ans.5
yvernment and non government
Analytical Reasoning is one of the most important sections for various g
recruitment examinations. Several prestigious exams frequently ask questions related to analytical reasoning
sections. More details can be found in the article above.
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