Chapter Three : Modeling the Electrical system

Level 4

Mechatronics Department
Course instructor

Assos .Prof. Mohamed Abdelrahman

2022
In this chapter we will study the mathematical modelling and obtain the transfer function
of electric circuits including passive networks and operational amplifier circuits.

Passive Electrical Networks consists of:

➢Basic building block : Resistor , Capacitor , and Inductor.
 Electrical System – Resistor Element
➢The time domain expression relating voltage and current for the resistor is
given by Ohm’s law.
𝑣𝑅 𝑡 = 𝑖𝑅 𝑡 𝑅

➢The Laplace transform of the above equation is

𝑉𝑅 𝑠 = 𝐼𝑅 𝑠 𝑅
R=Resistance
G = Conductance
 Electrical System – Capacitor Element
➢The time domain expression relating voltage and current for the capacitor is
given as.

1
𝑣𝑐 𝑡 = න 𝑖𝑐 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝐶

➢The Laplace transform of the above equation (assuming there is no charge

stored in the capacitor) is:

1
𝑉𝑐 𝑠 = 𝐼𝑐 𝑠
𝐶𝑠
 Electrical System – Inductor Element
➢The time domain expression relating voltage and current for the inductor is
given as.

𝑑𝑖𝐿 𝑡
𝑉𝐿 𝑡 = 𝐿
𝑑𝑡

➢The Laplace transform of the above equation (assuming there is no energy

stored in the inductor) is:
𝑉𝐿 𝑠 = 𝐿𝑠 𝐼𝐿 𝑠
Modelling of the electrical system
Single Mesh Loop