sce wet he nor pomsin of Deuces inst fr omg, Hai, © No pa of he tana hse of deus te German arguage orga shoal be canals ashe eomorate et DEUTSCHE NORM September 1994 Surface preparation of metal surfaces for thermal spraying es 25,220.20 Supersedes August 1984 eaition, Vorbereitung von Oberflachen motallischer Werkstucke und Bautelle fur das thermische Spritzen Descriptors: Metal suriaces, thermal spraying, surface preparation. “This standard has been prepared with the cooperation of the Deutscher Verband fir Schweilitechmik (German Welding Asso- ciation). 1 Scope and field of application ‘This standard epecilies the surface preparation of metal sur- faces that will receive coatings applied by thermal spraying. It ‘appiies bath to the application of new coatings as well as to their renewal. Sprayed coatings on zinc and aluminium are ‘covered by EN 22 063, while DIN 55 928-4 covers the sur face preparation of steel structures to receive ant-corrosive coatings. 2 Principles In order to ensure good adhesion and a long coating lite, ‘metal surfaces must be carefuly prepared by specialists. in ‘most cases, spraying immediately folows surlace prepara- tion; the time interval between spraying and preparation ‘depends on the substrate material and environmental factors ‘such as the presence of dust or condensation (which may form, for example, when surface preparation is carted out at fa temperature ower than the dew point of the surrounding ain. In all cases, however, the surface must be kept ory between preparation and spraying, especially when working outdoors. [As a clean surtace is essential for good adhesion, oxides and other contaminants such as oil or grease should be thor ‘oughly removed (DIN 30 674-8 specifios an excoption to this rule when coating ducile iron pipes). Spatter and weld slag fare also to be removed, and welds and soldered or brazed joints carefully prepared, Surtaces shall be sulicently rough to provide good adhesion; this can be achieved using proce dures such as blast-cleaning, which also serves to enlarge the surface area. 3. Procedures Surface preparation matnods shall be selected according to the supstrate material ang the type of coating being applied 3.1. Degreasing Before carrying out the procedures descibed in subclauses 32 10.95, contaminants such as ol, grease, rill scale and rust ae 10 be careluly removed, taking special care around probiem areas such as holes and grooves. Degreasing may Be cated out using solvents only, orin combination with var- ious methods such a heat treatment, utrasonic clearing or vapour degreasing. The cleaned surface shall be inspected (eg. using the tests specitiad in the DIN-Fachbericht (DIN Technical Repor) No, 28 (1990) Prutung vorbereete Stan Lund Beschichuungscberfachen auf visuel nicht fesstelbare Verunreiigungen (Inspection of prepared steel and coated surfaces fr ivisible contaminants) and then allowed to dry. Surfaces to receive sprayed corrosion protection systems shall be of preparation grade Sa 3 as in DIN 55 828-4, For ther types of coatings (e.g. anii-abrasion coatings), this level of cleanliness may not be adequate, in which case the preparation grade is subject to agreement 3.2 Blast-cleaning Suilable biast-cleaning parameters (see DIN 8200) shall be ‘selected in order to achieve the desirad roughness. Prelim rary blasting tests may be necessary. Compressed air, i! used, shall be dry and olkree. Continued on pages 2 to 4. ‘au Yo GoM Behan a excuse esas fo German Sanaa (OANOMEN DIN8567 Engl Price group 5Page 2 DIN e567 32.1 Abrasives Abrasives shall be selected according to the standards in the DING201 series, any relevant ISO. Standards (e.g, 1SO 8504-2) or FEPA specitications'), All abrasives shall be clean and dry. Recycled abrasives shall not be con faminated (ie. shall not have been used to clean plastics, emove coatings, or 1o clean heavily soiled, oly surtaces), Only sh..p-edged abrasives can produce an adequate sur: face prot 32.1.1 Alumina (aluminium oxide) and slicon carbide abrasives Alumina (cl. DIN 8201-6) and slicon carbide are effective abrasives, as they are exceptionally hard and sharp-edged, 321.2 Metalic grit ‘Metalic ort (e.g. cast steel or chited cast ren) (¢, DIN 8201-3) is suttable for preparing surfaces prior to thermal spraying and has a long ie (:2. itcan be recycled many times), HOW ‘ever, since the use of this type of abrasive on nonferrous ‘metals increases the risk of corrasion, metalic grt should not bbe used on materials containing aluminium, 3213 Slag Slag (0g. copper refinery slag or fumace slag; cl, DIN 8201-9) is primanly used when preparing substrates for corrosion protection systems, Its a relatively safe aorasive as iis use {does rot present any risk of silcosis (a lung ailment caused ‘by the inhalation of silca). Nevertheless, slag is used for open-air blast cleaning only and is usually not recycled. 32.1.4 Sand Sand (e.g. sand as specified in DIN 8201-5) is an effective abrasive when preparing surfaces to receive sprayed coat- ings, However, sand abrasives should be used with caution, 15 particles can easily break down into a fine dust whic when inhaled by workers. can lead to slicosis. All relevar safety reguiations®) shall be observed when sandblasting 321.5 Partcie size Solect abrasives with a suitable particle size in accord ‘ance with standards in the DIN 6201 series, any relevant ISO Standards (e.9, ISO 8504-2) or FEPA specifications) 322 Final cleaning Immediately folowing blast-cleaning, any residual abrasives and dust shall be caretuly removed by vacuuming, brushing or blowing with dry ait 923. Assessing blast-cleaned surfaces. Before thermal spraying, the cleanliness and roughness of blast-cieaned surfaces shall be assessed in accoraance with DIN 55 928-4 and DIN EN 22 063, Addtional requitements ate subject to agreement (ct subclause 3.2). See ISO 8503-1 to ISO 8503-4 for methods of assessing the surface profile. (roughness) (cl. Explanatory notes). 3.24 Protective measures During blast-cleaning, measures 10 protect the environment and ensure the safely of workers are to be taken, and any ‘relevant salety reguations observed?) >} 3.3 Rough threading Products to receive intemal anthabrasion coatings (e.g ccans) may require rough threading to prevent shrinkage ‘caused by the coating adhering o the substrate. Threads are to be cut without the uso of cooling agents or lubricants. Ensure that threads do not reduce the strength of the prod vet 3.4 Surfacing (electric bonding) Surfacing (the deposition of a filer metal on a substrate to ‘obtain a desired surface characteristic) shall only be used on thickwalled structural members with very hard curlaces. In this case, nickel electrodes aro to be arc sprayed onto the ‘lean surface. The resulting thin, pitted nickel firm provides fan excellent mechanical anchor (key). It is recommended that the film be subsequently biast-cleaned witha fing abra- 3.5 Transferred arc cleaning Before plasma spraying, oxide fims should be removed from the substrate using a transterred avo, with the negative pale at the substrate, Preheating the substrate wil prevent a new (oxide firm from forming during this procedure, 3.6 Metal spraying Spraying a rough layer of another metal (e.g. steel, nickel molybdenum) onto the substrate results in an excellent anchor (key) 4 reheating In some cases metal substrates may need to be preheated 5 Covering areas not to be sprayed Surfaces not to receive coatings shall be protected by cover- ing them with masks of materials such as hardwood, rubber. silicon or metal prior to surface preparation and during all ‘operations, 6 Reduction of strength Surface preparation methods which roughen the substrate inevitably reduce the strength of the object to a certain ‘egree. The extent of this reduction varies from method to ‘method. Structural members may require hardening before surface preparation inorder to compensale for this effect 1) FEPA = Fédération Européene des Fabricants de Produits Abrasits (European Federation of Manulacturers of Abra ‘sves). 2) In Germany these are: Technische Regel for Getahrstotto (Code of practice on hazardous suestances) TRGS 503 Stranimit (Abrasives), Unfalverhitungsvorsebalt Strahl ‘mittel (Accident prevention regulation on. abrasives) (VBG 48), and Unfalivechutungsvorschnit Gesundteits- gelehricher mineraiscner Staub (Accident prevention reg- Ulation on hazardous mineral dust) (VEG 119), 5) See DVS-Richtinio (OVS Code of practice) 2907-1 Arpeitsschutz beim Entietien und Strahlen von Ober- flachen zum thermischen Spritzen (Occupational safety when preparing surfaces for thermal spraying)DIN 6567 Page 3 Standards and other documents referred to DIN 8200 Blasting; concepts and classification of blasting techniques. IN 6201-1 Classification and designation of abrasives DIN 8201-2 Gloouiar metalic cast abrasives DIN 8201-3 Angularmetalic cast abrasives DING201-4 Stee! wire shot DIN 6201-5 Sand used for blast-cleaning DIN 6201-8 Electric corundum used for bast-cleaning DIN 8201-7 Glass beads used for blast-cleaning DIN 6201-9 Copper refinery slag and meting chamber slag used for blast-cleaning DIN 30 674-9. Coating of ductile iron pipes: zinc coating with sea! coat DIN 55 928-4 Corrosion protection of steel structures by the application of organic or metalic coatings; preparation and testing of surfaces ‘Supplement 1 10 DIN 55 928-4 Corrosion protection of stee! structures by the application of organic or metallic coatings: preparation and testing of surfaces; representative photographic examples DIN EN 22.063 Thermal spraying: zinc. aluminium and their alloys (ISO 2063 :1991) DIN EN ISO 8503-1 Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned sleel substrates; specications and definitions for ISO surface protile comparators for the assessment of abrasive blast-claaned surfaces (ISO 6503-1. 1908) DIN EN ISO 8503-2 Surface roughness characteristics of biast-cleaned steel substrates: method for the grading of surface Profie of abrasive biast-cleaned substrales using a comparator (ISO 08503-21988) DIN EN ISO 8509-3 Surface roughness characterssics of blast-cleaned steel substrates; method for tha calibration of surtace profile comparators and for the determination of surface profile using a focusing microscope {180 8503-3: 1988) DIN EN ISO 8503-4 Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned sieel substrates: method for the calibration of ISO surlace profile comparators and for the determination of surtace profile using a stylus instrument (SO 6503-4 :1988) 180 .8504-2:1992 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products; surface preparation methods. Part 2: Abrasive blast-cleaning DIN-Fachbericht No. 26 (1890) Prafung vorbereteter Stani- und Beschichtungsebertléchen auf visuell nicht feststelloare Ver nreinigungen DVS-Merkbiatt (OVS Code of practice) 2307-1 Arbeitsschutz beim Entletten und Strahlen von Oberliichen zum thermischen Sprizen*) Technische Rege! fir Getahrstofle (TAGS) 503. Strahimitte!) Untaliverhatungsvorschuit Stahimitel (VEG 48)*) Untaiiverhitungsvorschaitt Gesundheitsgetihvicher mineralischer Staub (VEG 116)5) Gefanrstoffverordnung (German Reguation on dangerous substances and materials), as of 26 August 1986, BGBL (German Federal Law Gazette) |, pp, 1470-1487, as amended on 24 June and 19 September 19945) Other relevant standards DIN 4768 Determination of surface roughness parameters RR, and Ran Using elettic stylus instruments; concepts and measuring condtions DIN4768-1_ Roughness comparison epecimens: technical delivery conditions and applications DIN 4768-4 Roughness comparison specimens: surfaces prepared by blast cleaning DIN 22.590 Thermal spraying; terminology and classification DIN 55 928-1 Corrosion protection of steel structures by the application of organic or metalic coatings: general, concepts and corrosion loads DIN 55 928-5 Corrosion protection of steel structures by the application of organic or metalic coatings; coating materials and Protective systems. Previous editions DIN a567: 1965-04, 1969-04, 1976-04, 1984-08. Amendments The following amendments have been made to the August 1964 edition 2) Form and content ofthe standard have been revised to rellect the current state of the at ») Subclauses 9.2.2 and 3.5 included for the first time *) Obtainable trom Deutscher Verlag fr SchwelBtechnik, Postlach 101965, D-40010 Dusseldox. 5) Obtainable from Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, Luxemburget Strafbe 449, D-50839 Kéla.Page4 DIN 8s67 Explanatory notes Employing specialists trained in the preparation of metal surfaces to receive sprayed coatings will ensure that the princiles described in this standard are adhered to, This 's imperative when dealing with hazardous substances such as sliceous abra- Sives: tne specialist wil certainly know which safety roguations apply and naw to observe them property. ‘This standard does not specify requirements for surface roughness. Rather itis recommended thet surtace profile comparators be used as the basis for determining the desired roughness. Testing the roughness of a surface by touching tis not recom- mended, nowever. as this could contar inate the cleaned surface. Several international Standards on corrosion protection are in preparation (these wil eventually replace the DIN 55 928 series of standards), International Patent Classification ©23.c 0042