THEORY: ice used in in the Wheatstone bridge is 4 Ve impo! é ane Be cc rib measurement of medium resistance’ af i tis for m: instrument and is extensively US used in a Iti cae comparative measurement and n null indication princtp Fig, (a) shows the basic circuit of a Whe eatstone resistive arms, consisting of resistances source of EMF and a null detector us sensitive current meter The current through the Galvanometer depends upon the potential e is balanced when there is difference between C and D. The bridg no current through the Galvanometer. This occurs when the ynitayes at point C and D are equal. For bridge balance, we can write: LP =bP..() For Galvanomieter current to be zero, 4 Uy, ye bhe®) - 260) i: : phe =F 4848) ea ca ar | Where E* ENE ofthe battery. \ * Sembining and, simplifying bs (2) nia veiget ms PS=QR ot R= al) if ihere ae 3 known resistance branches then the ; resistance can be known by ae (4)PROCEDURE: © Connect the circuit as shown in figure * The unknown resistance is connected between point 3 and 4 © To get the values of R choose suitable ratio P/O from ratio arm. © Vary the standard resistance ‘S’ till we get the Galvanometer reading equal to zero. © Press battery and initial switch to get Zero galvanometer reading roughly. © Then press battery and final switch and by varying the ‘S’, we get zero galvanometer reading. © Repeat this procedure for other unknown resistances ‘R’.sen il ST ne eee. _, Connect the circuit as shown i in figure. SINGLE ARM METHOD: ' ce som * In this method keeping one DRB constant i.e. keeping one arm of th oe ae bridge as constant we vary the resistance of the second arm. i PES. te By Varying the Setond’arm resistance, the change in-EMF is measpred by using Digital Multimeter (DMM) is measured i.e. it ptt be ii in j . ~ terms of millivolts. pa 2 LE ARM METHOD: ‘ | ‘ eal this method, we decrease the resistance of one arm from maximum “*. ** to minimain and increase:the resistance of another arm from minimum - : a A <4 00. maximum and thus, measure the nee in EMF. OBSERVATION TABLE: * : E Quote Arm Method; : . . z f ; -E=2V, R= 1600 °° i, : ' Ri AR AE AE, xin3], AR t a =1000-R} | © (my) a” ; te, Double Arm Method: = AR=R2-R;, R=R:+R,=20002