1) Martha loves her daughter.

NP VP

N V NP

Pro N

Martha loves her daughter.

4) Tony knew that Jane left her home.

NP VP

N V CP

C S

NP VP

N V NP

Pro N

Tony knew that Jane left her home.

3) She hits the girl with the doll.

NP VP

Pro V NP PP

Det N P NP

Det N

She hits the girl with the doll

Meanings: Using the doll, she hits the boy.

 S

NP VP

Pro V NP

Det N PP

P NP

Det N

The hits the girl with the doll

Meaning: She hits the girl, while she had a doll.