1 MY COUNTRY * A weekend in Sofia | can describe different ways of travelling and exchange travel information. 1 Complete the table with the methods of transport. bicycle boat car coach ferry motorcycle on foot tram underground helicopter plane taxi train er aca Air [pc ee | 2 OMC1 Read the dialogue and complete it with the prepositions. Then listen and check your answers. along at (x2) in (x3) _near by from ‘on (x3) to 3 OMC1 Read and listen to the dialogue again. Which methods of transport is the tourist going touse? 4 Complete the sentences with the words in blue from the dialogue. 1 Itravel by bicycle 2 Ifyou can't find the museum, ask for directions 3 Are you doing this weekend? 4 uses the trams to get to work. 5 We'll go sunny in the holidays. 5 Use a word from each column below to make new combinations and complete the text. When I'm bored and I've got’ to do, a to go and? else is busy; I take a tram. There's always * interesting to see.I don't go & special. I just pick a tram line and go! =p | every: a * some- sie on a thing craend 5 Pu a if no- We use would like / ‘d like instead of want when we want to be polite. 112) MY COUNTRY 6 [> work in pairs. You are going to Plovdiv and you decide to phone the tourist information office for advice. Role-play a dialogue including these points. Tourist: + how you will get to Plovdiv + the date and time of your arrival + your hotel is on Gurko Street + you would like to visit the main sights in the old town Tourist information officer: + Gurko Street is opposite Plovdiv City Hall + there is a free walking tour of Plovdiv. It departs from Plovdiv City Hall at 11a.m. every morning. Woman Good morning, Sofia Tourist Information. Tourist Good morning. |am travelling’... Sot for the weekend? May and | would like some information, please. | am staying ata hotel? the university Woman Certainly. When are you arriving? Tourist My plane arrives*.... 11p.m.$ Friday 4th. Woman There's a metro station in Terminal 2. You can take the underground train to the university. it’s Tl stops. If you'd prefer to take a taxi, follow the yellow signs to the official taxi stand. I think | will go ® 2 night. Woman OK. It's about 10kilometres*. the airport to your hotel. is there anything yo especially want to do®... Sofia? haven't got much time. | would like to the Alexander Nevski Cathedral Woman You can goto the cathedral® ._.. foot Just walk”... the Tsar Osvoboditel Boulevard and take the second street 2 the right. Everyone knows where it is, co ask someone if you are not sure From there, you can continue straight ahead to the National Art Gallery and o* important buildings. Thanks. I'll need to find somewhere to e the evening. Where's the best are for restaurants? Woman There are restaurants everywhere here you would like to eat traditional Bulgaria food, try a mehana. Thank you Tourist taxi because it's late Tourist Tourist Tourist2 MY COUNTRY « Languages and culture can describe cultural differences in communication. Look at the photos in the text, What do these gestures mean in Bulgaria? Omc2 complete the table. Read and listen to the text to check your answers. ene en ae ris Bulgarian Bulgarian the UK 2 English the USA P ‘ Canada 5 English / French ‘Australia |s English 7 Russian Russian * Slovakian Slovak > Chinese Mandarin * Egyptian ¥ 2 Japanese Japanese 2 [Italian Italian * Vietnamese _| Vietnamese @DMC2 Read and listen to the text again. Are the sentences true or false? 1. The body language for ‘no’ is the same all over Europe. 2. The sign for good luck in Canada is the same as in Vietnam. 3 People often use the ‘thumbs up’ when they communicate online. 4 People usually make long phone calls in Ru: 5 You may not use your phone on the train in Italy. Read the examples and the blue sentences in the text again. Complete the rules with can or may. Examples Could | have some paper, please? Yes, you can. (NOT Yes-you-eould:) You may not call atter p.m. (NOT You could not ealtafter p.m.) 1 We use could and to ask for permission, 2 Could and are more formal and polite than can, 3 We use can(not) and may (not) (NOT could) to say that someone has or does not have permission to do something. 5 Write sentences or questions for these situations. 1 You are in class. Ask for permission to leave the classroom, 2. Ask your mum for permission to go toa friend's house after school. 3 You are in the library. Someone asks if it's OK to use their phone. 6 Sa friend from the UK is coming to visit you in Bulgaria, Write some tips about Bulgarian culture. Use the ideas below or your own ideas. + body language + greetings + using mobile phones ECR maak It's a hot day on a busy train in Sofia, A British tourist gets up. May | open the window?" he asks the other passengers, The ‘woman opposite smiles and shakes her head: ‘Da, da’. The tourist sits down and doesn't open the window They both look surprised. What happened? Communication is a lot more than just words. In Bulgaria, we shake our heads from left to right when we want to agree, but in the UK this means ‘no’. Even when you know the rules, i's easy to forget and make a mistake. People often think that gestures are universal, but it's not true Americans, Canadians, Australians and the British cross their fingers for good luck. if you do this in Vietnam, you won't have any luck because it's a very rude gesture, In many English-speaking countries, you can use your index finger to say ‘come here’, but in Slovakia China and many other Asian countries it’s rude. ‘Thumbs up’ is everywhere on social media. There's ‘even a ‘thumbs up’ emoji. So can you use it with everyone? No, you can't. It is not polite in the Middle East. If you are thinking it's easier to communicate by phone, think again! Different countries have different ways of using the telephone. In Arabic-speaking countries, such as Egypt, don't try to make a quick call, It's normal to spend a few minutes saying hello before you say why you are calling. In Bulgaria or Russia, the ‘opposite is true. People sometimes don't say anything when they answer the phone and calls are almost always quick. You also need to think about when and where you make your call. In Japan don't use your phone in restaurants or on the train, but if you are in Italy, it won't be a problem. MY COUNTRY 1133 MY COUNTRY ° Simeon the Great and the Golden Age | I can talk about facts in Bulgarian history. 1. Read the text and complete the dates. i, Taukaatean Factfil on the Great 1 ‘AD: Simeon | becomes ruler of Bulgaria 2 ‘AD: Simeon | changes histitle to Tsar Simeon I ruled Bulgaria from 893 to 927 ap: the Golden 3 ‘Ap: Simeon | dies ‘Age of Bulgarian history. Why was it the Golden Age? During the rule of Simeon I, Bulgaria became extremely 2 OMC3 Read the text and complete it with A-F, powerful and* De eee a See ees Six essential facts about Simeon I and the Golden Age: A In 2007, he came fourth in the TV programme —. simeon hada very good? By the Velikite Balgari education, He went to the end of the Golden Age, there B he learned to speak Greek University of Constantinople were many churches in Preslav, C there were many achievements in literature and? including the famous Golden and art Din eon Tee (Round) Church, and a palace. ‘The Preslav Museum has a collection of more than 150 gold and silver objects from this time, including beautiful D Bulgaria became bigger than ever before the Prince of Bulgaria. He E When Simeon | became ruler, Preslav became gave himself the title of Tsar the capital of Bulgaria after he won the Battle of F Itwas one of the biggest armed conflicts in Achelous on 20 August 17. iewellery history 60,000 Byzantine soldiers * Simeon I died on 27 May 927 dead and his son, Pear, became tsar, Historians called him 3 Look at the words in blue in the text. What part in Simeon the Great because of Simeon [led the Bulgarian of speech are they? Can you think of any more army to many victories les? in the Golden Age and pari pease examp! 4 ad nant t,he is still very popular today. ¢ jood cnough for Simeon I, He 4. Read the rules and choose the correct alternative. Sie qo become Lmpetor of Byzantium and he almost did, Adverbs of degree usually come before the adjective or verb. * Was Simeon I too busy, Enough comes after the adjective. Fee ee When used with adjectives, too and thought Hecate end ertwere enough can be followed by ‘for somebody/ important, and he also wrote something’ and / or ‘to + infinitive’. texts himself. Inthe early 890s, scholars at the Preslav Literary 1 I'm too / quite ill to go to the party. ‘School developed the Cy 2 Be careful! This coffee is extremely / almost alphabet. hot. 3 Is this T-shirt big very / enough? 4 I'm enough old / old enough to vote. 5 The palace is very / almost beautiful. & complete the sentences with a reflexive pronoun. 5. Read these sentences from the text. In which herself itself myself ourselves sentence is the reflexive pronoun used to themselves _ yourself emphasise that the person did something, not WEGTERRE someone else? 2 The cat washed 1. He gave himself the title of Tsar. (Compare: He 3 They built the house gave him the title of Tsar) 4 Have you injured ? 2 He also wrote texts himself. (Compare: He also 5 She looked at inthe mirror. wrote texts) 6 I made this cake 7 work in pairs. Discuss this question: Why do you think people voted for Simeon the Great as the greatest Bulgarian ever? Compare your answers with the rest of the class. 114 MY COUNTRY45 optics MY COUNTRY * Town and countryside | can describe and compare images of life in the town and the countryside. 1 Check the meaning of these words in a dictionary. Which can you see in the photos? apartment balcony billboard bridge farmhouse field forest high-rise log cabin monument ruins skyscraper mountain theatre river tunnel 2 OMC4 Read and listen to the text. Does Marko think Plovdiv or Gela is the best place to live? 3 MC4 Read and listen to the text again. Write P (Plovdiv), G (Gela) or B (both) for each of the sentences. 1 There are many cars on the road. 2 Many tourists come to visit. 3. Buildings are tall 4 Tourists come to see the animals. 5 You can eat delicious food 4 Read the phrases in blue in the text again. Are the sentences below true or false? 1 Marko's hotel is bigger than the farmhouse in Gela, 2 Gelais less interesting than Plovdiv. 3 Plovdiv is noisier than Gela, My name is Marko and my home towr Plovdiv. My parents have a small hotel in the centre and it has an excellent restaurant. We live in an apartment on the top floor. There's a great view of the sity from our balcony. Here’s a photo of Plovdiv. In the middle of the picture, you can see the Roman theatre, Alot of tourists come to Plovdiv to see the theatre and other ancient buildings. The road is Tsar Boris II Obedinitel Boulevard. It's ‘one of the main roads through Plovdiv. The tunnel goes under the theatre. There isn’t much traffic in this picture, but it can et quite busy. 5 Write sentences about Plovdiv and Gela u: (not) as... as and adjectives 1~ 1 busy 2 relaxing 3 popular 4 green 5. Describe and compare the This is a photo of Gela in the Rhodope mountains. ‘My aunt and uncle live here and we often visit at the weekends. They live on a small farm and they have a few log cabins for tourists. Their farmhouse is not as big as ‘our hotel, but their cabins are very popular. Many people enjoy walking in the mountains and seeing the wildlife. My uncle and aunt prepare delicious Bulgarian meals for the tourists, too, eee | think tourists find Gela as interesting as Plovdiv because there are plenty of places to explore. | never get bored when we are there. Plovdiv is not as peaceful as ela, but | like living in the city. There are plenty of shops and cafés and it is easy to visit my friends. MY COUNTRY 1155 MY COUNTRY ¢ Health in Bulgaria | can talk about healthy living. When it comes to healthy living, are Bulgarians doing well or could they NS Sole ET ETS ELE io better? This report looks at four important parts ofa healthy lifestyle. Food Drink Sleep Physical activity We allknow thats important What you drink is as important Sleep is essental for our Don't make excuses! We all to eat nutritious food. The as the food you eat. A survey of bodies and our minds, but_ __need to do some sport to stay healthy eating message Bulgarian 13-year-olds found around one quarter of Bulgarian fit. In Bulgaria, only 20% of 's everywhere, but are we that 34% of girls and 41% of 13-year-olds often find it dificult. 13-year-old girls and 35% of listening? We should eat at_ boys have atleast one suicary least five portions of fruits and di vegetables a day, but most of us still eat less than that, Tip The next time you are making a snack, forget food 1 Look at the photos. What are the people doing? Is it healthy or unhealthy? 2 DMCs Read and listen to the text. Match the words in blue with the definitions. 1 not sleeping 2 tasty 3 containing a lot of sugar 4 doing physical activity 5 not artificial 6 full of nutrients 3 DMCS Read and listen to the text again. Are the sentences true or false? 1. Most Bulgarians eat enough fruit and vegetables. 2 Bulgarian yoghurt is a nutritious food. 3. More than one third of Bulgarian 13-year-olds drink sugary drinks every day. 4 Three quarters of the brain is water. 5 Fifty percent of 13-year-olds can’t sleep well at night. 6 Girls in Bulgaria do more sport than boys. 116 MY COUNTRY 13-year-old boys do one hour cor more of exercise every day. Tip You don't need to be an Olympic champion tke Stefa 4 Complete the table with these words from the text. How many more phrases with make and do can you think of? excuses exercise asnack sport well 5 Choose the correct word. 1 Doing / Making housework keeps you fit. 2 Idid / made a mistake in my homework 3 My dad does / makes the shopping once a week. 4 | do / make judo on Tuesdays. 5 You can't do / make noise in here. 6 work in small groups. How healthy is your class? Use the questions to interview at least five people. Then share your results. 1 How many portions of fruit and vegetables do you eat every day? 2. How many sugary drinks do you have every week? 3 How many hours of exercise do you do every week?MY COUNTRY ° Pirin National Park {can talk about endangered plant and animal species in Bulgaria. Check the meaning of these words in a dictionary. 5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of Which words refer to plants and which refer to the verbs in brackets, animals? Which can you see in the photos? 1 Eagles on Pirin’s mountains. (find) bear berry eagle edelweiss invertebrate 2 Brown bears by laws mammal oak pine poppy reptile (protect) tortoise vertebrate vulture 3 Edelweiss below 2,000m. (not see) twill MCE Read and listen to the text. Make a list oleae cag (not pick) om of the human activities that are a problem for the aioe thelr ‘wildlife in Pirin National Park. population will increase. (not hunt) MCE Read and listen to the text again. For 6 S write a short paragraph about another plant each sentence, decide which plants or animals or animal that is found in Bulgaria. from the text are described. miyeale i eund? 1 They lay eggs. + What is it used for? / What does it eat? 2 They are affected by climate change. + Isitan endangered species? Why? 3 Deforestation is a problem for them. 4 The actions of people are changing their environment. * Pirin’s endangered species Bulgaria is ich in wildlife and one of the best places to see its Read the rules and complete the examples with Pin National Par. Pirn's landscape of mountains, valleys, forests phase words, and lakes is home to around one third of Bulgaria’s plant species and more then 200 vertebrates, including ot species. Hot ai sone oe 1 Inactive sentences, the subject performs the qj Brown bear action. In passive sentences, the subject does | 44 Brown bears lve in Prin’ forests and mainly eat not perform an action. frit and beries. The brown bea i included in 2 The present simple passive is formed with Bulgaria's Red Book of endangered species. the present simple of be and the past They ae threatened by deforestation, poaching participle. and human activity such as tourism 3 We use by + agent if we want to say who/ what performed the action. Edehveiss ij Edelweiss is a small, star-shaped, white flower that grows in the mountains above 2,000m. It is Active: People find tortoises in Pirin. Passive: Tortoises’ found a symbol ofthe Pin mountains and itis protected in Pirin. in Bulgaria. The main threats to its survival Active: Tourists collect Pirin poppies. worldwide are climate change end people. Passive:? are collected iw tourists, Eastern Hermann’s Tortoise Tortoises ae found futher down the mountain. They are reptiles and lay eggs 2-3 times a year. In winter they bury themselves in the sol. They are affected by farming and deforestation in the valleys Pirin National Park is on’ UNESCO's World Heritage List because of its beauty andiwildife, and there are many more amazing plants and animals in Pen that need our protection. Fam he ny yellow Pin pop eles human civ “affects them MY COUNTRY 1177 MY COUNTRY ° Folk music and dancing | can talk about traditional Bulgarian music and dance. 1. Check the meaning of the headings in the table. How many traditional Bulgarian instruments can you add? fi k ae Ei 2 OMC7 Read and listen to the text. Choose the correct answers. 1 Katya lives in a Bulgaria b England 2. Every Wednesday, Katya enjoys a dancing. b singing. 3 Katya prefers the a gaida b gadulka 4 The group from Vratsa wore ... a dance clothes. __b traditional costumes. 5. Katya is going to festival a next month b in five years 3 Check the meaning of these verbs. Then find a noun form of the words in the text. celebrate entertain perform 4 Use the words to make another related word, Using the information in brackets. visit (noun — person) sing (noun - person) music (noun = person) artist (adjective) tradition (adjective) waune Read the sentences in blue in the text and the rules below. Then rewrite the sentences in the correct order. such + (a/an) + noun such + (a/an) + adjective + noun 50+ adjective 1 This / band / such / fantastic /is /a 2 beautiful / costume / Her / was / so 3 The / such / wedding / was / fun 4 so / Bulgarian /is / dancing / energetic 5 cool / such / She /a / video / made be ableto The modal verb can hasn't got a form for the future. We use be able to to talk about ability in the future. can’t sleep. > I won't be able to sleep until then! 6 G Think about a traditional performance of Bulgarian music or dance that you have seen. Write a short paragraph for a blog about it. Katya About Me d together es all over Bulgaria, 24 April - Gaida video My Uncle Ivan is so talented. Watch my video of him folk dance class as usual. A playing the gaida at a brilliant dance group from birthday party last week. The Vratsa was visiting. They gaida is a traditional bagpipe wore traditional costumes and it's very common in and performed a rachenitsa 10 May - Rachenitsa This evening | went to my Bulgaria, He can also play the from the Shopsko region. It kaval and the gadulka. My favourite is the gadulka. It's a string instrument and it's very important in Bulgarian dance music. was such a good evening. We are going to try their dance next week. 14 July - Koprivshtitsa festival {im so excited because next month we ate going to Bulgaria to visit my grandma and we'll go to the Koprivshtitsa festival. It's every five years and the best performers come from all over Bulgaria to take part. We are going to have such an amazing time. | won't be able to sleep until then! 5) Next PAGEMY COUNTRY Traditions in my town can describe an ancient folk tradition in Bulgaria. oie ae tin Fasten sand plays, them «01 food and - 1 i money. ia me cel ee at festivals. P< o\ority of the kukeri are still men, but now many ‘women dress up as well. If you've never been to a kuker! festival, you should come to Pernik. It’s such ‘a great experience. Lot: o' people come every year because it's «Io: o fun. They ‘watch the parade, dance and eat some national dishes. Only « ‘ev: people are scared of the monsters. 1. Check the meaning of these nouns from the text. ‘Match the words with photos A or B. Two of the words are not in the photos. bead bell feather fur horn mask money ribbon wood 2 MCS Read and listen to the text. Answer the questions. 1. How often do they have the kukeri festival in Pernik? 2 What material are the masks often made of? 3 Where do the kukeri wear their bells? 4 What was different about the kukeri tradition in the past? 5 Are the kukeri mostly men or mostly women? 6 What kind of food can you eat at the festival in Pernik? 3 Find an example for rules 1-4 in the text. 1 We form the plural of most nouns by adding -s. 2 Ifthe noun ends ins, ~z,-x, ch or-sh, we add ves. 3 Ifthe noun ends in a consonant and -y, we change -y to -ie before we add the -s 4 Some plural forms are irregular. 4 Read the rules. Then look again at the words in exercise 1 and find them in the text. Which are countable and which are uncountable? Which word is both? 1 Countable nouns have a plural form. They can be used with a(n). 2. Uncountable nouns do not have a plural form. They cannot be used with a(n). 5 Read the quantity words in blue in the text. Can they be used with countable nouns, uncountable nouns or both? ‘been and gone Been is the past participle of be. Goneis the past participle of go. We use been when we talk about Visits that have finished: Have you ever been to a kukeri festival? We use gone if the visit hasn't finished: he’s gone to Pernik. (She's still there.) ‘She's been to Pernik. (She went there and came back) 6 @ write a paragraph about a kukeri festival or another event that happens in your town or village. Use the ideas to help you. + When is the event? + How many people take part? + What do people wear? + What do people do? MY COUNTRY 119