Fabiola Teran Colmenares

Maria Jose Lopez Cantu

Valeria Rosado Ibarra
Bernat Muro Cors

HDI - GLOBALIZATION - NATION STATE - INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT

Define Human Development Index(HDI) and show the HDI for Mexico.

The Human Development Index is a measure of the population development since the
beginning of human history. This term was created by the United Nations in 1990 to
measure the levels of social and economic development in continents and countries
around the world.

HDI is composed of four areas of interest: life expectancy at birth, years of schooling,
expected years of schooling, and gross national income (GNI).

The Human Development Index is measured by three main aspects: Health (measured
by the life expectancy and calculation of the time of birth), Education (as said before, it
is measured by the years of schooling and the expected years of schooling), and finally
the Economic area (measured by the national incomes).

What is globalization?

A term used to describe how technology, trade and other economic activities have made
the world a more connected place by making it interdependent. Social and political
aspects are also involved in globalization as countries work together to evolve and
benefit from each other. Globalization started in 1492 when Columbus first arrived in
America, however, the basic ideas of the exchange of ideas, products and costumes date
as far back to 50 BCE.

GOOD AND BAD ASPECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

Advantages Disadvantages

● Raise output in countries ● Increased competition

● Increase productivity
● Create more jobs
● Increase in salaries
● Lower the prices of products
● Economic growth
● Increase the investment across
borders
● The growth is disproportional
● Concerns with the environment
● Growing debts
● More geopolitical conflicts
● Increase in protectionism
● A lot of social instabilities
● Raise in interests

Define what a nation state is

A state is a political organization of a specific society created to have the necessary

security and order in the community.
 A simple definition of what a Nation is would be a territory where the people and
community is led by the same government. It could also be defined by a group of people
who share the same traditions, culture, history and same ideologies.

Now that we know what a State and a Nation are, we can define Nation-state as:
A form of government in which a group of people have a similar identity and reside
inside an area with defined borders.

List out all recognised nation states(include name, continent, language,

population, religion if applicable and size in km2)

# NAME CONTINENT LANGUAGE POPULATION RELIGION SIZE(KM2)

1 Afghanistan Asia Persian 39.84 million Sunni Islam 645,807

2 Albania Europe Albanian 2.812 million Islam 28,748

3 Algeria Africa Arabic 44.62 million Islam 2,381,741

4 Andorra Europe Catalan 77,354 Christianity 464

thousand

5 Angola Africa Portuguese 33.93 million Christianity 1,246,700

6 Antigua and North English 98,728 Anglicanism 442

Barbuda America thousand

7 Argentina South Spanish 45.81 million Catholicism 2,777,409

America

8 Armenia Asia Armenian 2.968 million Christianity 29,743

9 Australia Oceania/Aus English 25.74 million Christianity 7,682,557

tralia

10 Austria Europe German 8.956 million Catholicism 83,858

11 Azerbaijan Europe Azerbaijani 10.15 million Catholicism 86,530

12 Bahamas (The) North English 396,914 Christianity 13,962

America thousand

13 Bahrain Asia Arabic 1.748 million Muslim 694

14 Bangladesh Asia Bengali 166.3 million Sunni Islam 142,615

15 Barbados North English 287,708 Anglicanism 431

America thousand

16 Belarus Europe Belarussian 9.34 million Christianity 207,600

17 Belgium Europe Dutch 11.59 million Christianity 30,518
French
German

18 Belize North English 404,915 Roma 22,966

America thousand Catholic

19 Benin Africa French 12.45 million Christianity 112,622

20 Bhutan Asia Dzongkha 779,900 Mahayana 46,650

thousand Buddhism

21 Bolivia South Spanish 11.83 million Christianity 1,098,581

America

22 Bosnia and Europe Bosnian 3.263 million Sunni 51,129

Herzegovina Croatian Muslim
Serbian

23 Botswana Africa English 2.397 million Christianity 581,730

24 Brazil South Portuguese 214 million Catholic 8,544,418

America

25 Brunei Asia Malay 441,532 Islam 5,765

Darussalam English thousand

26 Bulgaria Europe Bulgarian 6.899 million Christianity 110,994

27 Burkina Faso Africa French 21.5 million Muslim 267,950

28 Burma Asia Burmese 54.81 million Buddhist 676,578

(Myanmar)

29 Burundi Africa French 12.26 million Christianity 27,834

English

30 Cambodia Asia Khmer 16.95 million Buddhist 181,035

31 Cameroon Africa English 27.22 million Christianity 475,442

French

32 Canada North English 38.25 million Catholic 9,976,137

America French

33 Cape Verde Africa Portuguese 561,901 Christianity 4,033

thousand

34 Central African Africa French 4.92 million Protestan 622,984

Republic Sango
35 Chad Africa Arabic 16.91 million Catholic 1,284,000
French

36 Chile South Spanish 19.21 million Catholic 755,482

America

37 China Asia Mandarin 1.412 billion Buddhist 9,806,391

Chinese

38 Colombia South Spanish 51.27 million Catholic 1,141,748

America

39 Comoros Africa Arabic 888,456 Muslim 1,862

French thousand

40 Congo Africa French 92.38 million Christianity 341,999

(Brazzaville)

41 Congo (Kinshasa) Africa French 92.38 million Catholic 2,344,789

42 Costa Rica North Spanish 5.139 million Catholic 51,090

America

43 Cote d'Ivoire Africa 27.05 million Muslim 322,461

44 Croatia Europe Croatian 3.899 million Catholic 56,542

45 Cuba North Spanish 11.32 million Catholic 114,525

America

46 Cyprus Europe Greek 1.216 million Christianity 9,251

Turkish

47 Czech Republic Europe Czech 10.7 million Catholics 78,866

Slovak

48 Denmark Europe Danish 5.857 million Evangelical 43,093

Lutheran

49 Djibouti Africa Arabic 1.002 million Islam 23,200

French

50 Dominica North English 72,172 Christianity 751

America thousand

51 Dominican North Spanish 10.95 million Catholic 48,734

Republic America

52 Ecuador South Spanish 17.89 million Catholic 272,046

America
53 Egypt Africa Arabic 104.3 million Muslim 1,001,450

54 El Salvador North Spanish 6.518 million Catholic 21,041

America

55 Equatorial Guinea Africa French 1.45 million Christianity 28,051

Portuguese
Spanish

56 Eritrea Africa Tigrinya 6.081 million Islam 121,100

57 Estonia Europa Estonian 1.329 million Evangelical 45,226

Lutheran

58 Ethiopia Africa Afar 117.9 million Christianity 1,127,127

59 Fiji Oceania/Aus English 902,899 Christianity 18,274

tralia thousand

60 Finland Europe Finnish 5.542 million Christianity 338,145

61 France Europe French 67.5 million Christianity 547,030

62 Gabon Africa French 2.279 million Christianity 267,667

63 Gambia Africa English 2.487 million Islam 10,689

64 Georgia Europe Georgian 10.8 million Orthodox 67,700

Christianity

65 Germany Europe German 83.13 million Christianity 357,021

66 Ghana Africa English 31.73 million Christianity 238,538

67 Greece Europe Greek 10.66 million Christianity 131,957

68 Grenada North English 113,015 Christianity 345

America thousand

69 Guatemala North Spanish 17.11 million Catholic 108,894

America

70 Guinea Africa French 13.5 million Islam 245,857

71 Guinea-Bissau Africa Portugueses 2.015 million Christianity 36,123

72 Guyana South English 790,329 Christianity 215,083

America thousand

73 Haiti North French 11.54 million Catholic 27,748

America
74 Holy See (Vatican Europe Italy 825 Catholic <1
State)

75 Honduras North Spanish 10.06 million Catholic 112,088

America

76 Hungary Europe Hungarian 9.71 million Catholic 92,966

77 Iceland Europe Icelandic 372,295 Evangelical 102,928

thousand Lutheran

78 India Asia Hindi 1.393 billion Hinduism 3,166,944

79 Indonesia Asia Indonesian 276.4 million Muslim 1,904,443

80 Iran Asia Persian 276.4 million Islam 1,648,195

81 Iraq Asia Arabic 41.18 million Muslim 434,128

82 Ireland Europe Irish 5.028 million Catholic 70,273

83 Israel Asia Hebrew 9.364 million Judaism 20,991

84 Italy Europe Italian 59.07 million Catholic 301,323

85 Jamaica North English 2.973 million Christianity 10,991

America

86 Japan Asia Japanese 125.7 million Buddhism 377,812

87 Jordan Asia Arabic 10.27 million Islam 89,342

88 Kazakhstan Europe Kazakh 19 million Islam 2,715,900

89 Kenya Africa English 54.99 million Christianity 581,787

90 Kiribati Oceanía/Aus English 121,388 Christianity 832

tralia thousand

91 North Korea Asia Korean 25.89 million Shamanis 122,762

92 South Korea Asia Korean 51.74 million Buddhist 99,268

93 Kuwait Asia Arabic 4.329 million Islam 17,818

94 Kyrgyzstan Asia Kyrgyz 6.694 million Muslim 199,900

95 Lao PDR Asia Lao 7.379 million Buddhist 236,800

96 Latvia Europe Latvian 1.883 million Lutheron 64,598

97 Lebanon Asia Arabic 6.769 million Muslim 10,452

98 Lesotho Africa Sotho 2.159 million Christianity 30,355
English

99 Liberia Africa English 5.18 million Christianity 99,065

100 Macedonia, Rep. Europa Macedonian 2,083 million Christianity 25,713

of

101 Madagascar Africa Malgasy 28.43 million Christianity 587,041

102 Malawi Africa English 19.65 million Christianity 118,480

103 Malaysia Asia Malay 32.78 million Islam 329,847

104 Maldives Asia Dhivehi 543,620 Islam 297.8

thousand

105 Mali Africa French 20.86 million Muslim 1.24 million

106 Malta Europa Maltese 516,869 Christianity 316

thousand

107 Marshall Islands Oceania/Aus Marshallese 59,618 Christianity 181

tralia thousand

108 Mauritius Africa English 1.266 million Christianity 2,040

109 Mexico North Spanish 130.3 million Catholic 1.964 million

America

110 Micronesia Oceania/Aus Micronesian 116,255 Christianity 702

tralia Language thousand

111 Moldova Europe Romanian 2.574 million Christianity 33,846

112 Monaco Europe French 39,520 Christianity 202

thousand

113 Mongolia Asia Mongol 3.329 million Buddhist 1.564 million

114 Montenegro Europe Montenegri 620,173 Christianity 13,812

n thousand

115 Morocco Africa Arabic 37.34 million Islam 710,850

116 Mozambique Africa Portuguese 32.16 million Catholic 801,590

117 Myanmar Asia Myanmar 55,414 million Buddhist 676,578

English

118 Namibia Africa English 2.587 million Christianity 824,292

119 Nauru Oceania/Aus Nauru 10,873 Protestants 21
tralia thousand

120 Nepal Asia Nepali 29.67 million Buddhist 147,181

121 Netherlands Europe Dutch 17.53 million Catholic 41,543

122 New Zealand Oceania/Aus English 5.123 million Christianity 268,021

tralia

123 Nicaragua North Spanish 6.702 million Christianity ​130,373

America

124 Niger Africa French 25.13 million Islam 1,267,000

125 Nigeria Africa English 211.4 million Muslim 923,768

126 Norway Europe Norwegian 5.408 million Islam 385,207

127 Oman Asia Arabic 5.223 million Christianity 309,501

128 Pakistan Asia Urdu 225.2 million Christianity 796,095

129 Palau Oceania/Aus Palauan 18,174 Islam 459

tralia thousand

130 Palestinian Asia Arabic 4.923 millions Muslim 6,220

Territories

131 Panama South Spanish 4.382 million Christianity 75,517

America

132 Papua New Oceania/Aus Tok Pisin 9,360 million Christianity 462,840
Guinea tralia

133 Paraguay South Spanish 7.22 million Catholic 406,752

America

134 Peru South Spanish 33.36 million Catholic 1.285 million

America

135 Philipines Asia Tagalog 111 million Catholic 300,000

136 Poland Europe Polish 37.78 million Catholic 322,575

137 Portugal Europe Portuguese 10.3 million Christianity 92,212

138 Qatar Asia Arabic 2.931 million Islma 11,571

139 Romania Europe Romanian 19.12 million Christianity 238,397

140 Russia Europe/Asia Russian 143.4 million Christianity 17.1 million

141 Rwanda Africa Kinyarwand 13.28 million Christianity 26,338

a

142 Saint Kitts and North English 53,546 Protestan 261

Nevis America thousand

143 Saint Lucia North English 184,401 Christianity 617

America thousand

144 Saint Vincent and North English 111,269 Christianity 389

Grenadines America thousand

145 Samoa Oceania Samoan 200,144 Christianity 2,831

thousand

146 San Marino Europe Italian 34,010 Christianity 61.2

thousand

147 Sao Tome and Africa Portuguese 223,364 Christianity 963.5

Principe thousand

148 Saudi Arabia Asia Arabic 35.34 million Islam 2.15 millones

149 Senegal Africa French 17.2 million Islam 196,712

150 Serbia Europa Serbian 6.844 million Eastern 88,499

Orthodox

151 Seychelles Africa English 99,202 Christianity 455

thousand

152 Sierra Leone Africa English 8.141 million Islam 71,740

153 Singapore Asia Malay 5.454 million Buddhist 728.6

154 Slovakia Europe Slovak 5.447 million Catholic 49,035

155 Slovenia Europe Slovene 2.107 million Catholic 20,273

156 Solomon Islands Oceania/Aus English 703,995 Christianity 28,896

tralia thousand

157 Somalia Africa Somali 16.36 million Islam 637,657

158 South Africa Africa IsiZulu 60.04 million Christianity 1.22 million

159 South Sudan Africa English 11.38 million Christianity 644,329

160 Spain Europe Spanish 47.33 million Catholic 505,990

161 Sri Lanka Asia Sinhala 22.16 million Buddhist 65,610

162 Sudan Africa Arabic 44.91 million Islam 1.861 million

163 Suriname South Dutch 591,798 Hindu 163,821

America thousand

164 Swaziland Africa Swazi 1.172 million Christianity 17,363

165 Sweden Europe Swedish 10.42 million Lutheran 528,447

166 Switzerland Europe French 8.698 million Christianity 41,285

167 Syria Asia Arabic 18.28 million Buddhist 185,180

168 Taiwan Asia Mandarin 23.57 million Buddhist 36,197

Chinese

169 Tajikistan Asia Tajik 9.75 million Islam 141,400

170 Tanzania Africa Swahilli 61.5 million Islam 945,087

171 Thailand Asia Thai 69.95 million Buddhist 513,120

172 Tibet Asia Tibetan 6.7 million Buddhist 1.228

millones

173 Timor-Leste Asia Portuguese 1.344 million Christianity 15,006

174 Togo Africa French 8.478 million Christianity 56,785

175 Tonga Oceania/Aus Tongan 106,759 Christianity 748.5

tralia thousand

176 Trinidad and South English 1.403 million Hindu 5,128

Tobago America

177 Tunisia Africa Arabic 11.94 million Islam 163,610

178 Turkey Asia Turkish 85.04 million Islam 783,356

179 Turkmenistan Asia Turkmen 6.118 million Islam 488,099

180 Tuvalu Ocenia/Aust Tuvaluvan 11,925 Protestant 26

ralia thousand

181 Uganda Africa English 47.12 million Christianity 241,038

182 Ukraine Europe Ukranian 43.81 million Christianity 603,700

183 United Arab Asia Arabic 9.991 million Islam 83,600

Emirates
184 United Kingdom Europe English 67.33 million Christianity 243,610

185 United States North English 331.9 million Christianity 9.834 million
America

186 Uruguay South Spanish 3.485 million Christianity 176,215

America

187 Uzbekistan Asia Uzbek 34.92 million Muslim 447,400

188 Vanuatu Oceania/Aus Bislama 314,464 Protestant 12,189

tralia thousand

189 Venezuela South Spanish 28.7 million Catholic 916,445

America

190 Vietnam Asia Vietnamish 98.17 million Buddhist 331,210

191 Yemen Asia Arabic 30.49 million Islam 527,968

192 Zambia Africa English 18.92 million Christianity ​752,614

193 Zimbabwe Africa Shona 15.09 million Christianity 390,757

194 Luxembourg Europe Luxembourg 639,070 Catholic 2,586

ish thousand

195 Libya Africa Arabic 6.959 million Sunni 1.76 million

Muslim

196 Liechtenstein Europe German 38,254 Catholic 158

thousand

197 Lithuania Europe Lithuanian 2.795 million Christianity 65,300

List all current major international conflicts (include what the conflict is about
and support it with reasoning).

● Israeli - Palestinian conflict

○ Beginning at the mid-years of the 20th century. Its a conflict between two
self-determination movements: “The Jewish Zionist” and “The Palestinian
nationalist project”. The Israel Jews and the Palestinian Arabs both want
the same territory. This land has been in dispute since the Ottoman and
British empires.

● Ukraine - Russia war

○ With the intent of expanding NATO to the east, Russia attacked Ukraine
earlier this year. They started bombarding with air and missile assualts on
 the Ukranian military targets, before invading the country throguh several
areas in the border. Thousands of people have died.

● China - India conflict over territory

○ The first fatal confronation between these countries happened in 1975,
since then, the countries have been fighting for territory. In 2020 a major
clash occured. They are fighting for areas in the Himalayas, also both
countries want to build infrastructure along the border (which is called
the Line of Actual Control).

● Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict
○ An ethnic and territorial conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia. They
have been fighting for the region called Nagorno Karabakh since this
region declared independence in 1991, right after the other two countries
achieved statehood.

● USA - Iran conflict

○ After the Iranian revolution in 1979, the two countries have had several
political conflicts. In 2001, they joined together after 9/11 to fight the
Talibans, who were a mutual enemy. Since the US stopped buying oil from
Iran, the country is currently in the worst economic state they have ever
been.

● Territorial disputes in the South China sea

○ Several countries are fighting to gain control of key shipping routes in the
Pacific Ocean, as well as competing for strategic resources like oil and
natural gas. The countries involved are: Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia,
Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam.

● North Korea crisis

○ Violating the UN Security Council resolutions, North Korea continues to
do nuclear research and activities, the biggest experiment was in 2017.
Currently, North Korea is isolated, impoverished and proclaimed at war
with South Korea. South Korea is one the US biggest allies, about 29
thousand US army men are located in North Korea.

● Confrontation over taiwan

○ Although Taiwan has not been under the control of the Chinese
government, China believes that Taiwan is an inalienable part of their
country. China wants Taiwan to be a complete part of their territory in a
peaceful way, however, they are reserving the right to use force and
weapons.
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