Doc. N°: MAN.
2 ENG
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
FRP TANKS - USE ABOVE GROUND
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Rev.00
data: 29.06.2009
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 INDEX
1. OBJECT ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2
2. RANGE OF TANKS ............................................................................................................................................... 3
3. DESIGN....................................................................................................................................................................... 3
3.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS ..................................................................................................................................... 3
3.2 STABILITY CALCULATION ............................................................................................................................. 4
3.3 FITTINGS.............................................................................................................................................................. 4
3.4 BOTTOMS ............................................................................................................................................................ 6
3.5 SYSTEM TO SUPPORT FRP TANKS ................................................................................................................ 7
3.6 PROPERTY OF LAMINATE ............................................................................................................................. 10
4. RAW MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................................. 11
4.1 RESINS................................................................................................................................................................ 11
4.2 FIBRE GLASS .................................................................................................................................................... 11
4.3 ADDITIVES ........................................................................................................................................................ 12
5. MANUFACTURING PROCEDURES ..................................................................................................................... 12
5.1 PREPARATION OF RESINS ............................................................................................................................. 12
5.2 CONSTRUCTION OF STANDARD CYLINDRICAL LINERS ....................................................................... 12
5.3 CONSTRUCTION OF HEADS / ENDS............................................................................................................. 13
5.4 ASSEMBLY ........................................................................................................................................................ 13
5.5 FILAMENT WINDING ...................................................................................................................................... 14
5.6 MARKING AND INSTALLATION OF FITTINGS .......................................................................................... 14
5.7 FINISHING ......................................................................................................................................................... 15
5.8 POST- CURE....................................................................................................................................................... 15
5.9 GALVANIZING METAL PARTS ..................................................................................................................... 16
5.10 PAINTING OF METAL PARTS ...................................................................................................................... 17
6. CHECKS AND TEST-RUNS ................................................................................................................................... 17
6.1 CLASSIFICATION OF VISIBLE DEFECTS AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA ............................................ 17
6.2 TOLERANCE...................................................................................................................................................... 23
6.3 TEST EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS ..................................................................................................... 26
7. PREPARATION FOR SHIPPPING ...................................................................................................................... 26
8. TECHNICAL AND TEST- RUN DOCUMENTATION .......................................................................................... 27
9. GARANTEES............................................................................................................................................................ 28
9.1 TECHNICAL GUARANTEES (SKILLS) ...................................................................................................... 28
9.2 COMMERCIAL GUARANTEES .................................................................................................................. 28

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1. OBJECT
These specifications define the minimum requisites adopted by SELIP in the design,
manufacturing, inspection, checking, testing and preparation for shipping of atmospheric
tanks in fibre glass (FRP).
SELIP operates in accordance with internal procedures, conforming to the
UNI EN ISO 9001:2008 norm.

Procedure N° TITLE
PRG/4.2.1 Procedure to manage documentation of the Quality Assurance System
PRG/4.2.2 Procedure to manage Q.A.S. registration.
PRG/5.5 – 7.2 Procedure to manage internal and external communication
PRG/5.6 Procedure for re-examination by the management
PRG/6.2 Procedure to manage human resources
PRG/7.2 Procedure to manage offers and orders and examine customer orders
PRG/7.3 Procedure for product design and development
PRG/7.4 Procedure to assess suppliers and for purchase orders
PRG/7.5.1 Procedure for product manufacturing
PRG/7.5.2 Procedure for customer service
PRG/7.5.3 Procedure to manage the warehouse
PRG/7.5.4 Machinery and facilities maintenance
PRG/7.6 Procedure to calibrate and maintain instruments
PRG/8.2 Procedure for the Q.A.S. internal audit
PRG/8.3 Procedure to manage non-conformities and complaints
PRG/8.5.1 Procedure to test customer satisfaction
PRG/8.5.2 Procedure to manage precautionary and corrective actions

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2. RANGE OF TANKS
SELIP’s standard production consists of (for details see tank data sheet PT01) :
• Vertical flat bottom tanks – type FP
• Vertical dished bottoms tanks on FRP legs – type CP
• Vertical dished bottoms tanks on steel legs – type AN
• Horizontal tanks on FRP saddles – type CT
• Horizontal tanks without saddles – type SS
• Horizontal underground tanks – type CTI
• Tapered bottom silos (60° and 90°) – type FC
• Vertical tanks with integrated basin – type SV
Standard internal diameters for capacities from 1 to 200m³,are :
1000 / 1200 / 1500 / 1800 / 2000 / 2200 / 2500 / 3000 / 3500 / 4000mm.

3. DESIGN
Design is according to the European norm EN 13121-3 of 2008 (“GRP Tanks and
Vessels for Use Above Ground”).
Safety Factor minimum acceptable for design : K=4.
On demand, also other International norm are acceptable :
• ASTM ;
• API 12P ;
• ASME RTP-1 ;
• AD Merkblatt N1
Previous European norms (BS 4994, AFNOR, …) have been replaced by EN 13121.

3.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS

Standard parameters adopted for the design :
• Specific weight of the product contained : ≤ 1.3 kg/dm3 ;
• Design pressure : atmospheric / liquid head
• Design temperature : 60°C.
• Wind action : according to D.M. dated 16/01/1996
• Earthquake action : according to the norm - Ref Zone 2

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 TANKS MUST BE DIRECTLY CONNECTED TO THE ATMOSPHERE VIA A
SUITABLY SIZED FREE VENT
3.2 STABILITY CALCULATION
SELIP is responsible for checking the stability of the tank in the phases of installation,
hydraulic testing and use.
Inspection is carried out on the basis of the project data and in line with that reported in
the EN 13121-3 European norms.
The inner chemically resistant layer (liner) is not taken into consideration in the structure
calculation.
Main phases of the inspection:
• Calculation of the Safety Factor “K” according to :
1. Technology applied,
2. Type of resin and design temperature,
3. Life expectancy of the tank,
4. Danger index of the product contained.
• Calculation of the allowable stress (this depends on “K” and the mechanical
characteristics of the layering in FRP).
• Inspection of the thicknesses of the tank.
• Inspection of the deformations, always to be kept lower than the allowable value.
• Inspection of the condition of implosion (buckling effect) according to the design
under-pressure and the axial loads.
• Inspection of the anchorage to the base on the basis of the calculated actions of
earthquake and wind. These actions must never be considered
contemporaneously.

3.3 FITTINGS
• Nozzles and manhole must be of the integral type, i.e. continuity of the
reinforcing fibres from the flat face to the pipe both in the liner and mechanical
reinforcement, obtainable exclusively via manual lamination over a mould.
GATES AND/OR MANHOLES COMPOSED OF FLANGES ASSEMBLED
SEPARATELY FROM THE TUBE ARE NOT ADMISSIBLE
• The flanges are fixed and feature a flat face ;
• The drilling is in accordance with the UNI EN 1092-1 European norms. The
flange holes are staggered with respect to the main axes.
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 • The flange projects 100mm up to DN400, and 150mm over DN400.
• The flanged attachments and the welding to the body of the tank are suitable for
supporting the external loads (forces and moments) reported in the following
table.

FLANGE DIMENSIONS

UNI EN 1092-1
DN PN 6 PN 10 PN 16
HOLES HOLES HOLES
DIAMETER

DIAMETER

DIAMETER

DIAMETER

DIAMETER

DIAMETER

DIAMETER

DIAMETER

DIAMETER
NUMBER

NUMBER

NUMBER
CENTER

CENTER

CENTER
FLANGE

FLANGE

FLANGE
INCHES

BOLTS

BOLTS

BOLTS
mm

1/2" 15 80 55 4 11 10 95 65 4 14 12 95 65 4 14 12
3/4" 20 90 65 4 11 10 105 75 4 14 12 105 75 4 14 12
1" 25 100 75 4 11 10 115 85 4 14 12 115 85 4 14 12
1"1/4 32 120 90 4 14 12 140 100 4 18 16 140 100 4 18 16
1"1/2 40 130 100 4 14 12 150 110 4 18 16 150 110 4 18 16
2" 50 140 110 4 14 12 165 125 4 18 16 165 125 4 18 16
2"1/2 65 160 130 4 14 12 185 145 4/8 18 16 185 145 8 18 16
3" 80 190 150 4 18 16 200 160 8 18 16 200 160 8 18 16
4" 100 210 170 4 18 16 220 180 8 18 16 220 180 8 18 16
5" 125 240 200 8 18 16 250 210 8 18 16 250 210 8 18 16
6" 150 265 225 8 18 16 285 240 8 22 20 285 240 8 22 20
8" 200 320 280 8 18 16 340 295 8 22 20 340 295 12 22 20
10" 250 375 335 12 18 16 395 350 12 22 20 405 355 12 26 24
12" 300 440 395 12 22 20 445 400 12 22 20 460 410 12 26 24
14" 350 490 445 12 22 20 505 460 16 22 20 520 470 16 26 24
16" 400 540 495 16 22 20 565 515 16 26 24 580 525 16 30 27
18" 450 595 550 16 22 20 615 565 20 26 24 640 585 20 30 27
20" 500 645 600 20 22 20 670 620 20 26 24 715 650 20 33 30
24" 600 755 705 20 26 24 780 725 20 30 27 840 770 20 36 33

ADMISSIBLE LOADS
DN Fx (N) Fy (N) Fz (N) Mx ( Nm) My ( Nm) Mz ( Nm)
50 300 300 300 30 30 30
80 600 600 600 60 60 60
100 1000 1000 1000 100 100 100
150 1500 1500 1500 150 150 150
200 2500 2500 2500 250 250 250
250 3000 3000 3000 300 300 300
300 3000 3000 3000 300 300 300
350 3000 3000 3000 300 300 300

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 • Standard bolts are in galvanized carbon steel, 8.8 class .
• Standard gaskets are 3mm thick EPDM.

3.4 BOTTOMS
SELIP tanks can be produced according to three bottom profiles:
flat bottom, dished bottom and conical bottom.
The bottoms must be obtained from a mould.

BOTTOMS PRODUCED IN SECTIONS / TAPERED ARE NOT ADMISSIBLE

BOTTOMS JOINED TO THE CYLINDER WITH BEAKER SYSTEM ARE NOT ADMISSIBLE

• Flat Bottom: used exclusively for atmospheric tanks (only hydrostatic load).

THE RADIUS “r” OF THE

JOINT BETWEEN BOTTOM
AND CYLINDER MUST
ALWAYS BE ≥ 50mm

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 • Dished Bottom: used either as a the top or bottom of a tank. Used for both
atmospheric and pressure tanks (vessels). The bottom of the tank must be
supported by feet in FRP, a metal frame or a skirt in FRP. The geometry
corresponds to a semi-elliptical head, with a ratio of height H to diameter D > 0.2
; radius R of the cover = 0.8 x D ; radius “r” of the knuckle = 0.154 x D.
• Conical Bottom: typically used in vertical silos and decanters as a tank bottom.
The opening angle of the cone must be at 60° or 90°.

3.5 SYSTEM TO SUPPORT FRP TANKS

SELIP tanks can be supported through:
• FRP legs, hand lay-up lamination manufacturing, for dished bottom heads

• Steel support for dished bottom and conical heads

STARTING FROM CAPACITY OF 15m³ COMPLETE STEEL RING IS
RECOMMENDED

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 • FRP SKIRT
Used prevalently for silos where the presence of ferrous materials prone to rust
needs to be avoided.

• FRP saddles for horizontal tanks.. Manufactured hand lay-up on steel moulds.
The arc for contact between saddle and tank is 120°. The saddles are arranged
symmetrically with respect to the centre-line of the plating. The distance between
saddles vary from 1,000 to 1,500mm.

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 • Steel saddles, used for large capacity horizontal tanks. The arc of contact
between saddle and tank ranges from 120° to 180°

• Concrete saddles produced on site. Arc of contact 180°.

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3.6 PROPERTY OF LAMINATE
Laminates must be periodically tested to verify the mechanical properties, as envisaged
by the EN 13121-3 norms used by SELIP.
In particular, as a minimum there must be an inspection of:
1. Max strength ;
2. Module of elasticity ;
3. Elongation at break.

The minimum values acceptable are :

Tensile Module of
Technology
Glass fibre used strenght elasticity
applied
N/mm² N/mm²
CSM 450 Hand lay
80 7500
(Chopped Strand Mat 450 gr/m²) up
CSM + WR500 Hand lay
(Mat450g/m²+WovenRoving500 g/m²)
130 9500
up
Hand lay
KNITTED BIAXIAL (950 gr/m²) 180 10500
up
Spray Up Roving Spray up 80 7500
Direct Roving 2400 / 4800 tex for
F.W. 320 22000
Filament Winding

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4. RAW MATERIALS
The raw materials used by SELIP come exclusively from European and North American
suppliers.
The suppliers of the raw materials must possess a minimum of 40 years’ experience in
the production of the component.
SELIP is responsible for the choice of raw materials in order to guarantee the suitability
of the tank to contain the product / fluid contractually defined in relation to the design
conditions.
The raw materials used in the production cycle are essentially :
• Resins
• Glass fibre
• Additives

4.1 RESINS
Chemically-resistant resins must not contain charges or pigments.
Thixotropic agents are not generally admissible and are severely prohibited in the
chemically-resistant layer (liner).
Protection against light and UV rays must be obtained through the use of an external
gelcoat (top coat).
The resins used in the construction of the chemically-resistant inner layer must have the
following minimum properties :
• Elongation at break : 3% according to ASTM D638
• HDT : 90°C in accordance with ISO 75
• Family : Novolacca, Vinylester, Bisphenolic, Isophtalic

4.2 FIBRE GLASS

The glass fibres to be used are :
• C-glass: for the construction of the liner ;
• E-glass: for the construction of the back liner and reinforcements.
The glass fibres are supplied in the form of :
• Surface veil: based on C-glass with fibres arranged randomly. Basis weight of 30
gr/m2 – used in the first layer of the liner ;

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 • Mat (CSM): based on E-glass with cut fibres arranged randomly. Basis weight of
375 / 450 / 600 gr/m2 – used in manual lamination or winding ;
• Roving for winding 2400 / 4800 tex: continuous threads of E-glass - are used in
winding systems of the cylindrical part of the tank (Filament winding).
• Roving for cut and spray 2400 tex: cut threads of E-glass - used as mechanical
reinforcement of the tank and bottoms (contact moulding).
• Mat and Biaxials : these are fabrics based on E-glass – used for mechanical
reinforcement – manual layering or for winding.

4.3 ADDITIVES
Only in the chemically-resistant layer can accelerators and catalysers be used.
In particular cases, in the mechanical layer, additives can be used that help to confer
particular characteristics to the tank (electrical conductivity, self-extinguishing).
The choice must be made by the SELIP technical office.

5. MANUFACTURING PROCEDURES
5.1 PREPARATION OF RESINS
Before being sent to production departments the resins must be tested daily to verify the
gel time and for perfect polymerization
“Gel timer” equipment is used.

5.2 CONSTRUCTION OF STANDARD CYLINDRICAL LINERS

The chemically-resistant inner liner must have a minimum thickness of 2.5mm.
This consists of no.1 veil of C-glass impregnated with a minimum resin content equal to
85%, followed by no.2 MAT375/450 gr/m² impregnated with about 66% resin.

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 The layer corresponding to 2 MAT375/450 can be obtained with spray-up technology.
The construction of the liner must be done over a mould coated in detaching agent of the
“Mylar” type.
In small tanks, of up to 10m³, the mechanical reinforcement of the cylinder takes place
directly on the mould without the subsequent winding operation.

5.3 CONSTRUCTION OF HEADS / ENDS

The chemically-resistant inner liner must have a minimum thickness of 2.5mm.
This consists of no.1 veil of C-glass impregnated with a minimum resin content equal to
85%, followed by a layer produced using spray-up technology.

The resistant mechanical layer is produced through layering by cut and spray (spray-up)
alternating with manual lamination (hand lay-up) with MAT and chopped strand mat.

5.4 ASSEMBLY
The cylinder, which the top must form an integral part of, is welded to the bottom by
manual lamination.
The liner must be re-established and the external mechanical reinforcement must be
made.
This phase is propedeutic, in the case of tanks with a capacity greater than 10m³, to the
winding operation. During assembly the lifting attachments are positioned, in AISI304,
which will be used to hoist the tank vertical.

THE WELDING OF THE BOTTOM TO A CYLINDER WOUND PREVIOUSLY

IS NOT ADVISED

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5.5 FILAMENT WINDING
The external mechanical reinforcement of tanks with a capacity greater than 10m³ must be
carried out by a numerical control winding machine. The materials used are:
• resin with elevated mechanical properties;
• continuous glass roving type “E” with basis weight 2400 or 4800 tex.
The layering (number of circumference reinforcements, crisscross reinforcements, and the
type of roving and resin) is decided by SELIP’s technical office.

THE USE OF CRISSCROSS

REINFORCEMENT IS OBLIGATORY

THE INITIAL PART OF THE HEADS MUST BE WOUND

TOGETHER WITH THE CYLINDER TO GUARANTEE
IT REMAINING FIXED IN THE EVENT OF HEAVY CONDITIONS

THE WINDING MACHINE MUST HAVE A MOBILE RACK SUPPORT FOR THE
ROVING BOBBINS, TO ALLOW CORRECT TENSION FOR THE ROVING

5.6 MARKING AND INSTALLATION OF FITTINGS

The tracing and drilling of the tank are done manually or using a robot.
The accessories (fittings), which must be positioned on the tank, can be in FRP, metal or in
another plastic material. They are fixed by welding (FRP lamination), adhesives or via
mechanical systems. In particular, nozzles, manholes and everything which comes into
contact with the product, wherever this is aggressive, must be manually laminated internally
and externally using glass fibre and anticorrosive resins.
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 STAFF ASSIGNED TO THE LAMINATION OF THE FITTINGS
IS QUALIFIED BY THE TÜV
5.7 FINISHING
An FRP tank must have an external layer applied to protect it from atmospheric agents
and UV rays.
This protective layer is produced by spraying on an Isophtalic-based gelcoat containing
additives to protect against UV rays.
The thickness of this gelcoat must not be less than 0.3mm and must in any case be
sufficient to completely cover all the fibres emerging from the mechanically-resistant
layer.

5.8 POST- CURE

An FRP tank must undergo a thermal post-hardening treatment using hot air.
This treatment, which must be carried out with controlled temperature and duration, has the
aim of perfecting the polymerization of the resin, guaranteeing the very best chemical and
mechanical performance of the product.
Recommended timings and temperatures are summarized in the following table:
Type of Resins Temperature (°C.) Duration (Hours)
Iso/Orto 70 (-3/+5) 6 (-1/+2)
70 (-3/+5) 10 (-1/+2)
Bisfenolic
80 (-3/+5) 6 (-1/+2)
70 (-3/+5) 12 (-1/+2)
Vinylester
80 (-3/+5) 8 (-1/+2)

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 The oven must feature a regulatory system – temperature recorder.

5.9 GALVANIZING METAL PARTS

Below We report the “Selip standard” as regards the procedures and cycles of “hot
galvanizing” applicable to metallic surfaces, with particular reference to: support rings and
frames for silos and tanks, ladders and walkways and all the fittings supplied to finish off the
tank.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PHASES

The work and testing phases comply with the EN ISO 1461 European norm:
1. DEGREASING in appropriate solutions at a temperature of 50/60°C
2. PICKLING in Hydrochloric Acid solution (HCl)
3. WASHING in running water
4. FLUXING in an aqueous solution of Ammonium Chloride (2NH4Cl) and Zinc Chloride
(ZnCl)
5. PREHEATING in a drying oven at a temperature of 100/120°C
6. GALVANIZING by immersion in a bath of melted zinc at a controlled temperature of
440/450°C
7. COOLING naturally in air.
Table of Coating Thicknesses (EN ISO 1461)
Minimum Average Thickness of
Articles and Thicknesses
Coating
Steel ≥ 6.0mm 85µm
3.0mm ≤ Steel < 6.0mm 70µm
1.5mm ≤ Steel < 3.0mm 55µm

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5.10 PAINTING OF METAL PARTS
Below we report the standard adopted by SELIP.
The work and testing phases conform to the main European norms:
1. PREPARATION
- SANDING at SA 2.5 grade according to the “standard” SIS 055900.
- CLEANING with a dry compressed air jet.
2. APPLICATION OF THE PRIMER
- No.1 coat of Inorganic Zinc, thickness = 70µm.
3. APPLICATION OF THE INTERMEDIATE LAYER and FINISHING
- No.2 coats of Polyurethane Varnish in powder, thickness = (50 + 50) µm.
N.B. : - Total thickness = 170µm
- RAL colour to be defined on request of customer

6. CHECKS AND TEST-RUNS

SELIP, a company certified in accordance with the ISO 9001 quality system, guarantees
respect for the following minimum requisites relating to:
• Visual inspections and acceptance criteria ;
• Dimensional inspections according to construction tolerances ;
• Various final test-runs and related certification ;
• Check on raw materials and related certification.
In the following table, the references to the norms applied:
ASTM D2563 Visual defects and acceptance criteria
EN 10204 Raw material certification
EN ISO 13920 : 2000 General tolerances

6.1 CLASSIFICATION OF VISIBLE DEFECTS AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

Below are described and illustrated the most common visible defects met in articles made
from FRP. Every part of the article must be visually inspected to verify its suitability and
establish a conclusive acceptance. The visible defects are classified by type and level of
acceptability as shown in Table 1 below.
The level or levels of acceptability are indicated in the relevant test-run documents and, in
some cases may be indicated on the article’s drawing.
The levels of acceptability taken into consideration in the final test-run on the article are thr
Level 2 for liner and Level 3 for the mechanical reinforcement .

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 TABLE 1
Type of Definition of Ref. LEVELS OF ACCEPTABILITY
Defect Defect fig. n° Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Open air Open air bubbles, present on the 1 None None None
bubbles in the surface of the Liner that will come
Liner into contact with the product
Air bubbles in Areas with air bubbles enclosed by 2 None N° 6 Bubbles N° 12 Bubbles
the Laminate the Laminate, of a generally maximum dimension 5 maximum dimension
spherical shape and of varying mm, on a surface 10 mm, on a surface
dimensions examined of 0.5 m² examined of 1 m²
Foreign body in Foreign bodies enclosed by the 3 None Maximum n° 4 with Maximum n° 6 with
the Laminate Laminate of the article maximum dimension maximum dimension
of 3 mm of 5 mm
Delamination of Separation of the layers of fibre- 4 None None None
the Stratification glass of the Laminate
Delamination Circumscribed separation of the 5 None Maximum dimension Maximum dimension
due to mech. Laminate of the layers di fibre-glass admissible = 15 mm admissible = 30 mm
work due to mechanical operations
Glass fibres Areas where the fibres have not been 6 None Maximum n° 2 areas Maximum n° 4 areas
protruding impregnated, and are sticking out of with maximum area of with maximum area of
(exterior) the exterior surface 0.04 m² 0.1 m²
Glass fibres Areas where the fibres have not been 7 None None None
protruding impregnated, and are sticking out of
(interior) the interior surface
Scorching of the Obvious effect due to an exothermic 8 None None None
Lamination of reaction leading to changes in
Flanged colour, deformation and
Attachments decomposition of the Laminate
Inadequately Areas of the Laminate where the 9 None Maximum n° 4 areas Maximum n° 8 areas
impregnated fibre-glass is inadequately with maximum with maximum
areas impregnated dimension of 20 mm dimension of 50 mm
Transverse Fracture in the stratification visible 10 None None None
Fractures also from the other side that extends
through the entire thickness of the
Laminate
Surface cracks Superficial craquelure of the resin 11 None None on cylinder and On cylinder and base
(spider’s web) that does not involve the entire base; top Max w.=35 Max w.=10 mm ; top
thickness of the Laminate mm Max w.=70 mm
Unprotected cut Cut surfaces inside the article of 12 None None None
surfaces pure resin, which present
(internal) unprotected fibre-glass
Surface Presence on the surface of the article 13 None Maximum n° 5 areas Maximum n° 10 areas
irregularity of craters, protuberances (lumps of with maximum with maximum
resin) and knots of glass roving dimension of 10 mm. dimension of 15 mm.
Internal runs Presence of obvious runs of resin on 14 None None None
the surface inside the article
External runs Presence of obvious runs of resin 15 None Maximum n° 5 areas. Maximum n° 10 areas.
and/or protective Gel-Coat
Transverse Cracking that involves the entire 16 None None None
Cracks thickness of the laminate, due to
extraction from the mould when not
perfectly polymerised.

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 REPRESENTATION OF VISIBLE DEFECTS

Fig. 1 – Open air bubbles in the Liner Repair procedure

Grind the surface with the air bubbles including a surrounding
area of about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as follows:
• apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by a layer of glass Mat type “E” of 300/450
g/m²;
• impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
• apply a layer of glass Surfacing type “C” of 30 g/m²
impregnated with resin;
• with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
• allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching
film.
Fig. 2 – Air bubbles in the Laminate Repair procedure
Grind the surface with the air bubbles including a surrounding
area of about 30mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as follows:
• apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by a layer of glass Mat type “E” of 300/450
g/m²;
• impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
• apply a layer of glass Surfacing type “C” of 30 g/m²
impregnated with resin;
• with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
• allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching
film.
Fig. 3 – Foreign bodies in the Laminate Repair procedure
Grind the area with the “foreign bodies”, including a surrounding
area of about 30mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as follows:
• apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by a layer of glass Mat type “E” of 300/450 g/m²
impregnated with resin. Roll to eliminate any air present;
• with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
• allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching
film.
In the event of heavy grinding (4-5 mm) the repair must be done
in two phases.

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Fig. 4 – Delamination of the Stratification Repair procedure
A repair of delamination of the stratification of limited dimensions
(about 250mm in diameter) is carried out by injecting some
catalysed resin under vacuum between the delaminated layers.
Proceed as follows:
• make 2 holes opposite each other of Ø 6-8 mm, as near as
possible to the perimeter of the delamination;
• insert a vacuum tube into one hole and start to suck out the air
• inject catalysed resin into the other hole using a syringe until
the delamination is completely filled;
• allow the resin to harden for about 2 hours.

Repair procedure
Fig. 5 – Delamination due to mechanical work
Remove the delaminated areas including a surrounding area of
about 10mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground
area and carry out the repair as follows:
• apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type “E” of
300/450 g/m²;
• impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
• apply a layer of glass Surfacing type “C” of 30 g/m²
impregnated with resin;
• with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
• allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching
film.
Fig. 6 – Glass fibres protruding (exterior) Repair procedure
Remove the fibres protruding from the stratification, using
abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and where
necessary apply a layer of gel-coat or paraffined resin (for
exterior finishing).

Fig. 7 – Glass fibres protruding (interior) Repair procedure

Remove the fibres protruding from the stratification, including a
surrounding area of about 20mm using abrasive tools. Carefully
clean the ground area and use a brush to apply a layer of
paraffined resin (for internal finishing).

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Fig. 8 – Scorching (delamination) of the lamination of Repair procedure
Flanged Attachments
Remove the delaminated areas including a surrounding area of
about 20mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground
area and carry out the repair as follows:
• apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type “E” of
300/450 g/m²;
• impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
• allow to harden for about two hours.
In the event of deep delamination (4-5mm) the repair must be
done in two phases

Fig. 9 – Inadequately impregnated areas Repair procedure

Grind the inadequately impregnated surface, including a

surrounding area of about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully
clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows:
• apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type “E” of
300/450 g/m²;
• impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
• allow to harden for about two hours.
In the event of deep delamination (4-5mm) the repair must be
done in two phases.

Fig. 10 – Transverse Fractures Repair procedure

The repair of transverse fractures is carried out in two distinct phases, i.e.:
a repair of the Liner followed by the exterior.

Grind the fractures in the Liner including a surrounding area of about

50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out
the repair as follows:
• apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin
followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type “E” of 300/450 g/m²;
• impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any air
present;
• apply a layer of glass Surfacing type “C” of 30 g/m² impregnated with
resin;
• with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching film (e.g.
Mylar);
• allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film.
Grind the fractures in the exterior layer as above, carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as above by applying layers of 450
g/m² Mat to reach the thickness removed. Allow to harden for about 2
hours and clean the laminated areas with abrasive tools.

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Fig. 11 – Surface cracks (spider’s web) Repair procedure
Grind the area with the “surface cracks”, including a surrounding
area of about 30mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as follows:
• apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type “E” of
300/450 g/m². Impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll
to eliminate any air present;
• apply a layer of glass Surfacing type “C” of 30 g/m²
impregnated with resin;
• with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
Allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film.
In the event of deep delamination (4-5mm) the repair must be
done in two phases.

Fig. 12 – Unprotected cut surfaces Repair procedure

Sand down the cut and/or ground surfaces using abrasive paper.
Carefully clean the sanded areas and use a brush to apply a
layer of paraffined resin.

Fig. 13 – Surface irregularity Repair procedure

Remove the surface irregularity - usually to be found on the
outside of stratification - including a surrounding area of about
50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and
where necessary use a brush to apply a layer of paraffined resin
(for external finishing).

Fig. 14 – Internal runs Repair procedure

Remove the runs of resin from the inside of the stratification,
including a surrounding area of about 20mm using abrasive tools.
Carefully clean the ground area and use a brush to apply a layer
of paraffined resin (for internal finishing).

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Fig. 15 – External runs Repair procedure
Remove the runs of gel-coat from the outside of the stratification,
including a surrounding area of about 20mm using abrasive tools.
Carefully clean the ground area and use a brush (or a spray) to
apply a layer of gel-coat (for external finishing).

Fig. 16 – Transverse Cracks Repair procedure

The repair of transverse cracks is carried out in two distinct
phases, i.e.: a repair of the Liner followed by the exterior.
Grind the cracks in the Liner including a surrounding area of
about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground
area and carry out the repair as follows:
• apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type “E” of
300/450 g/m²;
• impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
• apply a layer of glass Surfacing type “C” of 30 g/m²
impregnated with resin;
• with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
• allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching
film.
Grind the cracks in the exterior layer as above, carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as above by applying layers
of 450 g/m² Mat to reach the thickness removed. Allow to harden
for about 2 hours and clean the laminated areas with abrasive
tools.
6.2 TOLERANCE
Selip products conform to that indicated in the EN 13920 norms as regards construction
tolerance.
In particular:
• Linear Tolerance – according to classes D and B of EN 13920
• Angular Tolerance – according to class D of EN 13920

See the following schematizations:

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6.3 TEST EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS
Instruments for testing must be tared and SIT certified
Checks on the thickness of the tank must be carried out with ultrasound instruments
tared immediately before the test on a representative sample of the type of laminate

7. PREPARATION FOR SHIPPPING

Fittings must be protected by flanged covers which avoid damaging the external face

The tank must be fixed to the trailer by using cloth bands and blocked by wooden wedges to stop
it from rolling or shifting
THE USE OF STEEL CABLES AND CHAINS IS FORBIDDEN

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8. TECHNICAL AND TEST- RUN DOCUMENTATION
Technical and test-run documentation can be supplied in Italian, English or German and
at the times and in the ways foreseen by the contract.
L L L
E E E
LIST OF DOCUMENTS V V V
1 2 3
CONSTRUCTION DRAWING PRODUCED BY AUTOCAD, FEATURING : X X X
• CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
• TABLE OF FITTINGS
STANDARD
• LIST OF MATERIALS
• DESIGN AND WORKING CONDITION
• INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONCRETE BASE
REPORT ON TANK CALCULATIONS WITH : X
• INSPECTION OF THEORETICAL THICKNESSES
ON PAYMENT • CALCULATION OF TANK STABILITY UNDER CONDITIONS OF
PRESSURE, UNDER-PRESSURE, EXTERNAL LOADS
• INSPECTION OF THE ANCHORAGE
LOADS ON THE BASE IN THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS : X X
• TANK IN USE
ON REQUEST
• WIND
• EARTHQUAKE
ON REQUEST DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY X X

ON REQUEST INSPECTION AND FINAL TEST-RUN PLAN / QIP SELIP X X

VISUAL / DIMENSIONAL TEST CERTIFICATE X X
ON REQUEST • WORK CHECKS – VISUAL INSPECTION
• DIMENSIONAL CHECK
ON PAYMENT CERTIFICATE OF POLYMERIZATION / BARCOL TEST X

ON REQUEST MATERIAL CERTIFICATES X X

ON PAYMENT HYDRAULIC TEST CERTIFICATES X

ON PAYMENT CALCINATION TEST CERTIFICATE (GLASS / RESIN RELATIONSHIP) X

ON PAYMENT GASCHROMATOGRAPHY TEST CERTIFICATE (STYROL RESIDUE) X

ON REQUEST RESULTS OF MECHANICAL TESTS ON SELIP LAMINATES X X

ON REQUEST LAMINATOR / WELDER CERTIFICATES (TÜV OF MUNICH) X X

ON REQUEST CERTIFICATION OF THE FACTORY (TÜV OF MUNICH) X X

USER’S AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL,WITH THE FOLLOWING SUBJECTS :
• IDENTIFICATION DATA
• GENERAL INFORMATION
• TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS, TANK DENOMINATION,
PRODUCTS CONTAINED
• TRANSPORT, UNLOADING, STORAGE, INSPECTION, MOVING
• INSTALLATION, CHECK ON BASE, CONNECTION TO EXTERNAL
PIPES
STANDARD X X X
• USE OF TANK, OPERATOR POSITION, GUARANTEES
• CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE, INTERNAL CHECKS, CLEANING
OF WORK AREAS
• PERIODIC CHECKSI, GENERAL WARNINGS, ORDINARY
MAINTENANCE, EXTRAORDINARY MAINTENANCE
• DISMANTLING AND DEMOLITION
• SPARES

ON PAYMENT OTHER TESTS / TEST-RUNS X

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9. GARANTEES
The manufacturer must guarantee that he has the necessary skills and give the
commercial guarantees to supply the goods ordered, at least :

9.1 TECHNICAL GUARANTEES (SKILLS)

• Quality system certificate for at least 10 years ;
• TÜV-certified production facilities ;
• TÜV-certified staff for the lamination of fittings ;
• The presence of an internal technical office. The Technical Director shall be a registered
engineer ;
• The presence of an internal office for quality assurance and control ;
• An adequate department for customer assistance and service management ;
• The possibility of handling orders and correspondence in Italian, English, German, and
French ;
• Plants which conform to the safety norms in force

9.2 COMMERCIAL GUARANTEES

• The supplier must be classified with rating “A” according to the Basilea 2 regulations ;
• The minimum turnover of the supplier must be 7 million Euros ;
• The minimum net assets of the supplier must be equal to 1.5 million Euros ;
• The supplier must produce insurance policies with maximum coverage :
Product Policy minimum € 2,500,000 per mishap
Civil Responsibility Policy minimum € 3,000,000 per mishap
Transport Policy minimum equal to the goods transported
• The Product Policies must guarantee the product for a minimum of 24 months from the
date of delivery

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