AGMA 295.04 Api. 1977 e - AGMA STANDARD e Specification for Measurement of Sound on High Speed Helical Gear Units e Prblished by: AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION 1901 North Fort Myer Orive @ Arlington, Virginia 22208 | 'FOREWORD Recent concer with industrial noise has created a need for sound standards for all types of gear products. Noise measurement and control is dependent upon the individual characteristics of the prime mover, goar unit and driven machine, as well as thelr combined effects as a system in addition to the effects of the acoustical environment, ‘The complexity makes most sound standards difficult to apply or interpret properly. The AGMA Acoustical Technology Committee developed this Standard AGMA 295.04 for the purpose of providing improved communication between purchaser, gear manufacturer, and user in the areas of sound instrumentation, sound measurements, and test procedures, as well as providing guidelines as to typical sound levels which can be expected from the applicable product. Because of the meny wide variations of system response in varying acoustical ‘environments, the Scandard attempts to indicate certain azeas where special test conditions night be necessary and must be agreed upon between purchaser and gear manufacturer ‘The first draft of Standard AGMA 295.01 was prepared by the appointed task ‘committee in September, 1959. It was approved as a tentative Standard in January, 1963. AGMA 295.01 was reviewed by members of High Speed Units Product Section 5D, and with ‘changes, was approved 2s Standard AGMA 295.02 in June, 1965. AGMA. 295.03 was a revision of AGMA 295.02. It allowed the use of analyzers according to Standards USAS Z24,10-1953 and USAS S1.11-1966. AGMA 295.03 was approved by the AGMA membership as of November 26, 1968 In October of 1972, an update of the thinking which went into AGMA sound standards for all goer products initiated this fourth issue, AGMA 295.04: It is compatible with sound standards AGMA 297.01 and AGMA 298.01, AGMA 295.04 was approved by the AGMA membership as of September 17, 1976. COPYRIGHT, 1977, BY AMERICAN GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATIONAGMA Standaids are subject to constant improvement, revision or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person wito refers to AGMA technical publications should satisfy himself that he has the latest information available from the Association on the subject matter Personnel of ‘Technical Subcommitice Product Section 3D High Speed Units F.A. Thoma, Chairman, DeLaval Turbine, Inc., Trenton, New Jersey W.A. Bradely, Philadelphia Gear Corp., King of Prussia, Pennsylvaniz _ RR. Lovick, Western Gear Corp., Lynwood, California DLL. Maicet, The Falk Corp., Milwaukee, Wisconsin, GP. Mowers, Farrel Company, Ansonia, Connecticut J.P. Partridge, Lufkin Industries, lne., Lufkin, Texas D.C. Root, Terry Steam Turbine Company, Hartford, Connecticut LH. Tumer, Dominion Engineering Works, Ltd., Lachine, Quebec, Canada Tables or other self-supporting sections may be quoted of extracted in their entirety Credit lines should read: “Extracted from AGMA Standard Specification for Measurement of Sound on High Speed Helical Gear Units, (AGMA 295.04), with the permission of the publisher, the American Gear Manufacturers Association, Suite 1000, 1901 North Fost Myer Drive, Aclington, Virginia 22209,AGMA STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR MEASUREMENT OF SOUND OF HIGH SPEED HELICAL GEAR UNITS 1, Purpose 1.1 There is a need in the gear industry for a sound standard for industrial gear units to improve communica: tions and understanding between the gear unit. manufac lurer and purchaser. The purpose of this standard is 10 present the instrumentation and procedure to be used for __nd measurements of high speed helical and herringbone ‘wear drives as well as to present typical maximum sound levels (Aeweighted sound pressure levels). Definitions used fn this sanded are given in Appendix. A. 2. Seope and Limitations 2.1 This standard applies 10 gear units which are designed 1 rated In accordance with Standard AGMA. 421.06, “Scandard Practice for High Speed felical and Herringbone Gear Units.” 2.2 This standard is limited to gears operating at 2 minimum pitch Hne velocity of 5000 fpm or a minimum speed of 3600 rpm. 2.3: This standard includes instrumentation and procedures ‘> applied to the messurement of airborne sound generated _- high speed gear unit, given by the sound level or octave ‘band sound pressure levels. 2.4 Where performance of actual shop tests to determine sound level is required, it shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to 0 state in his inquiry and order. 2.5 Compliance with this standard does not constitute a warranty of the measured gear unit sound levels under installed field service conditions 2.6 This standard covers only those gear units which are lubricated in accordance with manufacturer's recommend: tGoas and tested in a system of connected rotating parts free from serious eritical speeds, torsional or lateral vibrations, sand overloads. 3. Instrumentation and Procedure for Sound Measurement 3.1 Instrumentation 3.11 The sound level (dBA re 20 N/m?) is to be measured with a Type 1 (precision) or Type 2 (peneral purpose) sound level meter conforming to the specifications, ‘of American National Standards tnstitute (ANSI) 81.4-1971 3.1.2 Octave band sound pressuse levels (GB re 20 Nim), when agreed upon, are to be measured with an octave band analyzer conforming to the specifications of ANSI S1.11-1966 (R197!) 3.1.3 Sound level instrument acoustic calibration should bbe shocked before and after each test per ANSI 8113-1971. 3.1.4 Slow meter response is preferred for sound pres- {ure level measurements (ANSI S1.13-1971). 3.2 Procedure 3.21 Setup B2A1 The gear unit may be tgidly or cesilently ‘mounted in its normal operating position 3.2.1.2 The gear unit is to be connected with a suitable ‘coupling to the driver. 3.22 Test Conditions 3.2.2.1 The gear unit is to be operated at no load or any ‘other load at sgrced upon (see Section 4),AGMA ‘TANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR MEASUREMENT OF SOUND OF HIGH SPEED HELICAL GEAR UNITS. 3.2.2.2 The gear unit is to be operated at the rated or agreed upon apm. 3.2.23 The acoustic environment i to be that af shop testing locations which are typically semi-revesberant (ANS! 12-1962) (R1971), 3.224 The test machinery may be acoustically isolated From the gear unit. 3.23 Sound Measurement 3.2.3.1 The microphone is to be located perpendicular to the center of a gear unit's vertical surfaes, but not less Un ‘one Foot above the floor of plate (ANSI $1.13-1971). 3.232 The distance berweon the peur unit's vertical tucface and microphone is to be the normal working stance of the closest employees at the installed site or, if this is mot specified, is to be as follows in Table 1. ANS] $1.2:1952 (R1971}, ANSI SI.13-1971), Table 1 Distance Between Unit's Vertical Surface and Microphone y Center Distance Microphone Distance ‘aches fece and below 3 Over 4 10 15 5 [5 and over 10 3.2.33. Sound levels or octave band pressure levels are to bbe measured for both ambient and unit operating, condi- tions, 3.234 Table 2 gives corrections for the ambient sound level or octave band sound pressure levels. 3.23.5 When the sound pressure fluctuates the average meter ceading shall be recorded (ANSI S1.1%-1971) 3.23.6 ‘Typical maximum sound levels are shown in Figure | for high speed helical and herringbone gear units 4. Special Considerations 41 Detalls of testing procedures other than specified in| this standard must be established by manufacturer. parchaser negotiations. Such negotiations might include acoustic envizonment, noise control measures, system effects, test load, unit mounting, ete 42 Special requirements might be necessary to most Federal or sate noise codes for employee noise exposute. [n this case, microphone distance and position are dictated by the employee's location and the allowable sound level also depends on the exposure time. 4.3 The gear unit is only a part of the total acoustie system which cen include a prime mover, driven equipment. gear unit mounting, foundation, and surrounding acoustic en vironment. Each of these might affect the gear unit’s sound level performance; thezefore, special consideration right be necessary to establish the sound level of the gear unit at the installed location 44 Manufacturespurchaser negotiations might include ‘methods of noise controt if the gear unit exceeds allowable sound levels. Noise control might be done at the source oF in the noise tsarsmnission path (for example, total enclos around the gear unit). Table 2 Corrections for Ambient Sound Pressure Levels Correctian to be Subiracted From Gear Unit Sound Pressure Level 4B re 20 wN/n* Difference Between GGoar Unit and Ambient Sound Pressure Levels, dB re 20 eNim? 3 orkess | 3 4as 609 1 10 or greater ° 5. References 5.1 ANSI (American National Standards Institute) 814-1971, "Specification for Sound Level Meters”. 52 ANSI S1.11-1966 (RI971), “Octave, Hall-Octave, ‘Third Octave Band Filter Sets" 5.3 ANSI S1-1-1960 (R1971), “Acoustical Terminology”. 5.4 ANSI S1.13-1971, “Methods for the Measurement of Sound Presiure Levels” 5.5 ANSI $1.2-1962 (RI971), “Method for the Physical Measurement of Sound’ AGMA 295.04 ~ April, 1977dBA re 0002 N/mz AGMA STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR MEASUREMENT OF SOUND. OF HIGH SPEED HELICAL GEAR UNITS 95 opt TT | 8s VALUES SHOWN FOR INFORMATION ONLY yo _i | pot | 5 6 7 8 3 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 PITCH LINE VELOCITY x 1000 fpm FIG,| TYPICAL MAXIMUM SOUND PRESSURE LEVEL VS. HIGH SPEED MESH PITCH LINE VELOCITY NOTE- IN CASE OF MULTI-REDUCTION OR INCREASING GEAR SETS WITHIN ONE HOUSING USE THE PITCH LINE VELOCITY OF THE HIGHEST SPEED SET. 6Appendix A RELIABILITY GLOSSARY OF TERMS 1. Definitions LI AwWeighted Sound Pressure Level (JBA). Sound level ‘obtained from a sound level meter having an A-weighting network conforming to ANSI $1.4-1971 1.2 Acoustics. Science of sound. 1.3 Acoustic Environment. Surroundings of & sound source which determine the type of sound field (eicect reflected or combination of direct and reflected sound) the source will create, 1.4 Ambient Sound. All extraneous sound essociated ‘with apiven acoustic environment which is not generated by the gear unit or associated equipment requiced for its operation, 1.5 Decibel (4B). Unit of sound pressure level. 1.6 Noise. Objectional sound, LT Octave Band Analyzer. Instrument for measurement fof sound pressure levels within preserbed ranges of frequency or frequency bands. 18 Semi-Reverberant Acoustic Environment. Surround ings of a sound source composed of boundaties which arc neither completely sounc-absorbing nor completely sound: reflecting, having 2 sound field which is a combination of both direct and reflected sound. 1.9 Slow Meter Response, Responses of sound pressure level indicating meter that include meter needle damping to reduce rapid needle fluctuations 1.40 Sound. Periodic pressure vatlation fn a medium oc the resulting hearing sensation caused by the pressure variation. 1.11 Sound Level. Weighted sound pressure lovel obtained by the use of a weighting network (A, B or C) of a sound level meter. AS used in this standard, sound level menns the ‘Acweighted sound pressure level (ABA). 1.12 Sound Level Meter, Instcument for measurement of sound pressure level over the entire audible frequency range with A, B and Coweighting networks, which alters the Frequency response in & proscribed mennor. 1.13 Sound Presure. Root-mean-square pressure ubove existing medium pressure caused by sound, expressed in Vj? (qiicronewions per square meter). 1.14 Sound Pressure Level. Twenty times the logarithm (base 10) of ratio of sound pressure to reference pressure (20 aN jm?) expressed in dB. Al AGMA 295.04 — April, 197Number AGMA 110.03 AGMA 112.05 AGMA 116.01 ‘AGMA 118.01 AGMA 170.01 ‘AGMA 201.02 AGMA 211.02 AGMA 215.01, AGMA 221.02 ‘AGMA 225.01 AGMA 226.01 AGMA 240.01 ‘AGMA 250.03 ‘AGMA 260.02 AGMA 297.01 ‘AGMA 298.01 ‘The user of this Standard (AGMA 295.04) may find these other AGMA Standards of value as reference data: Title Price® Gear-Tooth Wear and Faure coves 3 4.00 Terms, Definitions, Symbols, and Abbreviations 10.00 Glossary — Terms Used in Gearing 3.00 Information Sheet ~ Gear Tooth Surface Texture for Aerospace Gearing (Surface Roughness, Waviness, Form and Lay)... « covtteteeteeeee 5.00 Design Guide for Vehicle Spur and Helical Gears 10.00 4.00 Tooth Proportions for Coarse Pitch Involute Spur Gears... soeneniawa rete Surface Durability (Pitting) of Helical and Herringbone Gear Teeth. 7.00 Information Sheet for Surface Dusability (Pitting) of Spur, Helical, Herringbone and Devel Gea Teeth 8.00 Rating the Strongth of Helicel and Herringbone Gear Testh fieees 8.00 Information Shoot for Strath of Spur, Helical, Herringbone ard Bevel Gear Teeth. . 8.00 Infomation Sheet ~ Geometry Factors for Determining the Srna of Spar, Hees Herringbone and Bevel Gear Teeth 10.00 Gear Materials Manual : 3.00 Specification — Lubrication of Industrial Enclosed Gear Drives . : 4.00 Design of Components — Enclosed Gear Drives — Bearings, Bolting, Keys and Shatin. 5.00 Sound for Enclosed Helical, Herringhone and Spiral Bevel Gear Drives. : 4.00 ee 4.00 Sound for Gearmotors and In-Line Reducers and Inczessers, 150% Discount to AGMA Members ‘A more complete list of AGMA Standards published by the American Gear ‘Manufacturers Association is available upon request. 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