NAME OF THE TRISOMY AT FREQUENCY FREQUENCY PHENOTYPE OF THE TREATMENT OPTIONS

DISORDER CHROMOSOME OF DISORDER IN INDIA DISORDER

IN THE
WORLD
Down Chromosome 1 out of 1000 1 out of
syndrome 21 to 1100 live * Small head and *Provide support
1250 live
births
worldwide births short neck. and treatment for a
according to
WHO
patient with Down
*a flat face, the
syndrome.
upward slant of

eyes. *Infants with Down

syndrome
*Ears are flat and
experience
positioned lower
developmental
than “normal”.
delays that include

time to sit, crawl,

* Protruding and
walk, and talk. So,
furrowed tongue
parents should be

*Hands tend to be aware of all these.

wide, with short Using different

fingers and there is therapies to

just a single flexion improve language,

crease in the palm. motor, and social

skills to the
*joints tend to be
maximum
more flexible and
achievable by the
muscles may lack
individual person
tone.
will help.

*Medical conditions

associated with

Down syndrome,

including those
 affecting

the heart or the

gastrointestinal

system, may require

evaluation and care,

sometimes requiring

surgery.

*As the patient

ages, the care and

support needed will

depend upon the

intellectual ability

and physical

function achievable

by the individual.

Edward Chromosome 1 out of 3500 1 out of * Low set ears. There is no cure for
syndrome 18 live births 6000 live * Hypotonia. Edward syndrome.
births * Internal organs All the treatments
function differently. are focused on the
* Intellectual symptoms the
disabilities. babies have such
as heart conditions,
lung conditions, and
other infections.
Advanced research
has been going on
in the field of
biotechnology to
use gene therapy
as a treatment for
these syndromes.
Patau Chromosome 1 out of 5000 1 out of * Ear abnormalities. There is no definite
syndrome 13 live births 10,000 live * Polydactyly. treatment for
births * Severe birth Patau's syndrome
defects. as it cannot be
* Cleft lips and cured. The
palate are rare treatment is usually
abnormalities. based on the
symptoms that ail
the baby. The aim is
to minimize the
discomfort of the
baby and ensure
that it is able to
feed.